CN101598194A - A kind of double powered variable transmission for electric automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of double powered variable transmission for electric automobile, the output shaft of electrical machinery of active force stretches in the connecting body, and is connected with the left end shaft of sun gear, the planetary pinion engagement that sun gear is peripheral with it, this planetary axle penetrates in the left and right endoporus of planet carrier; Planetary pinion simultaneously also with the engagement of the internal tooth of gear ring, this gear ring is by worm gear ring and worm meshing, the coaxial connection of output shaft of worm screw and adjusting motor; The left end of the right-hand member of described planet carrier and speed change output shaft is fixed, and the right-hand member of speed change output shaft stretches out outside the end cap.Velocity ratio stepless variable of the present invention, the rotary speed working that makes electrical machinery of active force is in 4000 commentaries on classics/min, both requirements of suitable low-speed big of electric vehicle have been reached, the needs that meet high-speed maneuverability again, have simple in structure, assembling is easy, in light weight, cost is low, stable drive, reliable performance, characteristics such as easy to implement, widely applicable, can satisfy the Economy and the integral vehicle cost requirement of electric vehicle.

Description

A kind of double powered variable transmission for electric automobile

Technical field

The invention belongs to the electric vehicle accessory and make the field, specifically, the particularly double powered variable transmission on the electric vehicle.

Background technique

Because fuel-engined vehicle is to the pollution of environment and constantly climbing to a higher point of international petroleum price, each automobile production producer has all strengthened the research steps of electric vehicle.The transmission of power of electric vehicle generally has two kinds of forms to wheel: a kind of is directly to drive differential mechanism by motor to drive car load, and another kind is to connect differential mechanism by motor-retarder to come driving wheel.The power performance of electric-machine directly-driven mode is bad, and the high pulling torque climbing and the muddy road surface that not too are fit to car load travel; And the scheme of motor+retarder, though obtained high pulling torque, but hindered the speed of high-speed running automobile.Also having a kind of scheme is to increase a variable block device, adopt close steps i=4 during the car load high speed operation, velocity ratio transforms to i=8-10 during low cruise, but this scenario-frame complexity, need the required clutch of automatic catch, synchronizer, gearbox, gearbox control etc., assembling difficulty, Heavy Weight, cost height are difficult to satisfy the Economy and the integral vehicle cost requirement of electric vehicle.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of double powered variable transmission for electric automobile of velocity ratio stepless variable.

Technological scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of double powered variable transmission for electric automobile, comprise electrical machinery of active force, and the housing of described electrical machinery of active force is fixed on the left end of connecting body, and the right-hand member of connecting body is fixed by middle shell and end cap; The output shaft of described electrical machinery of active force stretches in the connecting body, and be connected with the left end shaft of sun gear, sun gear is supported between input shaft and the planet carrier, the planetary pinion engagement that this sun gear is peripheral with it, planetary pinion is bearing on the planet pin by bearing, and this planet pin penetrates in the left and right endoporus of planet carrier; Described planetary pinion simultaneously also with the engagement of the internal tooth of gear ring, this gear ring is bearing on connecting body and the end cap by bearing, on the excircle of gear ring, be processed with the worm gear ring, gear ring is by worm gear ring and worm meshing, worm screw by Bearing Installation in the worm screw housing, and worm screw and coaxial connection of output shaft of regulating motor, this output shaft of regulating motor is spatially vertical with the output shaft of electrical machinery of active force; Described planet carrier is by bearing and connecting body supporting, and the left end of the right-hand member of this planet carrier and speed change output shaft is fixed, and the speed change output shaft is bearing on the end cap by bearing, and the right-hand member of speed change output shaft stretches out outside the end cap.

The present invention has three degree of freedom, and promptly sun gear, planet carrier and gear ring can be as inputing or outputing.The electrical machinery of active force running, give sun gear with transmission of power, sun gear drives the planetary pinion revolution that is engaged with, when the outage of adjusting motor is not changeed, because the worm and gear transmission that gear ring and worm screw form has auto-lock function, planet gear meshed in the gear ring endoporus is formed reaction driven power, form planetary rotation, make planet carrier and obtain slowing down with the fixing speed change output shaft of planet carrier after power output, form the retarder of fixed drive ratio function, at this moment electric vehicle may operate at and drives at moderate speed; In the electrical machinery of active force running, regulate the motor work of also turning round, electrical machinery of active force drives the planetary pinion motion by sun gear on the one hand, on the other hand, regulates the rotation of driven by motor worm screw, worm screw is given planetary pinion with transmission of power after slowing down by gear ring, planetary pinion forms the resultant motion of transmission ratio-variable under the cooperation of sun gear and gear ring drives, can obtain high pulling torque, at this moment electric powered motor is good, is suitable for climbing or travelling on the heavy road face.

Processing for convenience and assembling, and steady, the reliability of assurance transmission, the output shaft of above-mentioned electrical machinery of active force is inserted in the endoporus of input shaft by left end, and this input shaft is bearing in the connecting body by bearing, the right-hand member of input shaft stretches in the planet carrier, and packs into the left end shaft of sun gear.

As improvement, between above-mentioned sun gear and gear ring, be provided with 2-8 by the equally distributed planetary pinion of circumference.

As preferably, between above-mentioned sun gear and gear ring, be provided with 3 by the equally distributed planetary pinion of circumference.

In order to make more compact structure and to help dismounting, the end of the housing of above-mentioned adjusting motor and worm screw housing is fixed, and the worm screw housing is connected with connecting body and end cap by screw.

Regulate motor to worm geared reliability in order to improve, the output shaft of above-mentioned adjusting motor stretches in the endoporus of offering the worm screw end, both drive fits.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1, velocity ratio i stepless variable, the rotary speed working that makes electrical machinery of active force have reached both requirements of suitable low-speed big of electric vehicle in 4000 commentaries on classics/min, meet the needs of high-speed maneuverability again.

2, because velocity ratio is stepless speed regulation, rotating speed to electrical machinery of active force can carry out speed and torque compensation according to road conditions, electrical machinery of active force is operated in the energy-conservation moving consumption, has avoided electrical machinery of active force to run up, ensured the usability and the working life of electrical machinery of active force.

3, do not use parts such as clutch, synchronizer, gearbox, gearbox control, simple in structure, assembling is easy, in light weight, cost is low, can satisfy the Economy and the integral vehicle cost requirement of electric vehicle.

4, stable drive, reliable performance, easy to implement, widely applicable can be used on various types of electric vehicles.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is transmission principle figure of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is velocity ratio i and the associated diagram of regulating motor speed n.

Embodiment

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present invention is made up of annexes such as output shaft 1, end cap 2, planet pin 3, planetary pinion 4, gear ring 5, worm screw 6, worm screw housing 7, sun gear 8, input shaft 9, connecting body 10, middle shell 11, adjusting motor 12, electrical machinery of active force 13, planet carrier 14 and some bearings, back-up rings.The housing of described electrical machinery of active force 13 is by the left end of screw at connecting body 10, the right-hand member of connecting body 10 is fixing with end cap 2 by middle shell 11, in middle shell 11, be provided with gear ring 5, planetary pinion 4, planet carrier 14 and sun gear 8, wherein planetary pinion 4 is between gear ring 5 and sun gear 8, number is 2-8, be preferably 3 in the present embodiment, these 3 planetary pinions 4 evenly distribute on circumference.

From Fig. 1, Fig. 2 as can be known, the output shaft of electrical machinery of active force 13 is inserted in the endoporus of input shaft 9 by left end, the left part of this input shaft 9 is bearing in the connecting body 10 by two bearings that are arranged in juxtaposition, the right-hand member of input shaft 9 stretches in the planet carrier 14, and pack into the left end shaft of sun gear 8, and the right-hand member axle of sun gear 8 is bearing in the bearing chamber of planet carrier 14 right parts by bearing.Described sun gear 8 is arranged in planet carrier 14, this sun gear 8 meshes simultaneously with 3 planetary pinions 4 of its periphery, each planetary pinion 4 is bearing on the planet pin 3 by bearing, and the left and right two ends of this planet pin 3 penetrate respectively in the left and right endoporus of planet carrier 14.The annular boss of planet carrier 14 left parts is by the endoporus supporting of bearing and connecting body 10, the annular boss of planet carrier 14 right parts and the endoporus Spielpassung of end cap 2.The left end of the right side of described planet carrier 14 and speed change output shaft 1 fixes, speed change output shaft 1 is bearing on the end cap 2 by bearing, the axle of speed change output shaft 1, sun gear 8 and the output shaft three's of electrical machinery of active force 13 axis is on same straight line, and the right-hand member of speed change output shaft 1 stretches out the right side of end cap 2.

From Fig. 1, Fig. 2 also as can be known, 3 planetary pinions 4 simultaneously also with the internal tooth engagement of gear ring 5, the left part of these gear ring 5 endoporus is bearing in by bearing on the step axle of connecting body 10 right-hand members, the right part of gear ring 5 endoporus is bearing on the step axle of end cap 2 left ends by bearing.Be processed with the worm gear ring on the excircle of gear ring 5, gear ring 5 is formed the worm and gear transmission by worm gear ring and worm screw 6 engagements.Described worm screw 6 is positioned at worm screw housing 7, and the two ends of worm screw 6 are by 7 supportings of bearing and worm screw housing, and worm screw housing 7 is fixed by screw and connecting body 10 and end cap 2.The outer end of described worm screw housing 7 is fixed with the housing of regulating motor 12, the output shaft of regulating motor 12 is spatially vertical with the output shaft of electrical machinery of active force 13, and the output shaft of regulating motor 12 stretches in the endoporus of offering worm screw 6 ends, both drive fits, and axis is on same straight line.

Working principle of the present invention is as follows:

As Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and in conjunction with shown in Figure 3,13 runnings of control electrical machinery of active force, the output shaft of electrical machinery of active force 13 is given sun gear 8 by input shaft 9 with transmission of power, sun gear 8 drives 3 planetary pinions, 4 revolution that are engaged with, this moment is not when changeing when 12 outages of adjusting motor, because the worm and gear transmission that gear ring 5 and worm screw 6 form has auto-lock function, planet gear meshed in gear ring 5 endoporus 4 is formed reaction driven power, form the rotation of planetary pinion 4, make planet carrier 14 and obtain slowing down with the fixing speed change output shaft 1 of planet carrier 14 after power output, form the retarder of fixed drive ratio function, at this moment electric vehicle may operate at and drives at moderate speed; In electrical machinery of active force 13 runnings, regulate motor 12 work of also turning round, electrical machinery of active force 13 drives planetary pinion 4 motions by sun gear 8 on the one hand, on the other hand, regulate motor 12 and drive worm screw 6 rotations, worm screw 6 is given planetary pinion 4 with transmission of power after slowing down by gear ring 5, planetary pinion 4 is under the cooperation of sun gear 8 and gear ring 5 drives, form the resultant motion of transmission ratio-variable, can obtain high pulling torque, at this moment electric powered motor is good, is suitable for climbing or travelling on the heavy road face.

As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, the tooth number Z 1=24 of sun gear 8, the tooth number Z 2=24 of 3 planetary pinions 4 * 3, the tooth number Z 3=24 of gear ring 5 * 7, the rotation speed n 1=4000r/min of electrical machinery of active force 13, the rotation speed n 3=-200～200r/min of adjusting motor 12;

Velocity ratio calculates: in the transformation mechanism $i_{13}^H=\frac{n1-\mathrm{nH}}{n3-\mathrm{nH}}=-\frac{z3}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="z"\; filenames="A2009101042470010H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}1}=-7$

$\mathrm{nH}=\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="n"\; filenames="A2009101042470010H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}1+7\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="n"\; filenames="A2009101042470010H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}3}{8}$ (nH is the tie-rod rotating speed)

So velocity ratio: $i1H=\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="n"\; filenames="A2009101042470010H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}1}{\mathrm{nH}}=\frac{8n1}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="n"\; filenames="A2009101042470010H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}1+7\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="n"\; filenames="A2009101042470010H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}3}=\frac{3200}{4000+7\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="n"\; filenames="A2009101042470010H1.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}3}$

1) works as n3=0, i1H=8

2) work as n3=200, i1H=5.9

3) work as n3=-200, i1H=12.3

As seen from Figure 4, when regulate motor 12 drive worm screws 6, when gear ring 5 slows down, at different rotating speeds, the velocity ratio i of speed changer changes when turning to.The rotation speed n 3 of regulating motor 12 is-200 o'clock, velocity ratio i maximum; The rotation speed n 3 of regulating motor 12 is 200 o'clock, velocity ratio i minimum; When the rotation speed n 3 of regulating motor 12 from-200 to 0 process that changes, velocity ratio i reduces gradually; When the rotation speed n 3 of regulating motor 12 from 0 to 200 processes that change, velocity ratio i also reduces gradually.This shows that the present invention can realize stepless change, can carry out speed and torque compensation according to road conditions to the rotating speed of electrical machinery of active force 13, electric vehicle both had been fit to the requirement of low-speed big like this, met the needs of high-speed maneuverability again.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of double powered variable transmission for electric automobile, comprise electrical machinery of active force (13), it is characterized in that: the housing of described electrical machinery of active force (13) is fixed on the left end of connecting body (10), and the right-hand member of connecting body (10) is fixing by middle shell (11) and end cap (2); The output shaft of described electrical machinery of active force (13) stretches in the connecting body (10), and be connected with the left end shaft of sun gear (8), sun gear (8) is installed in the planet carrier (14), planetary pinion (4) engagement that this sun gear (8) is peripheral with it, planetary pinion (4) is bearing on the planet pin (3) by bearing, and this planet pin (3) penetrates in the left and right endoporus of planet carrier (14); Described planetary pinion (4) simultaneously also with the engagement of the internal tooth of gear ring (5), this gear ring (5) is bearing on connecting body (10) and the end cap (2) by bearing, on the excircle of gear ring (5), be processed with the worm gear ring, gear ring (5) is by worm gear ring and worm screw (6) engagement, worm screw (6) by Bearing Installation in worm screw housing (7), and worm screw (6) and coaxial connection of output shaft of regulating motor (12), this output shaft of regulating motor (12) is spatially vertical with the output shaft of electrical machinery of active force (13); Described planet carrier (14) is by bearing and connecting body (10) supporting, the left end of right-hand member of this planet carrier (14) and speed change output shaft (1) is fixed, speed change output shaft (1) is bearing on the end cap (2) by bearing, and the right-hand member of speed change output shaft (1) stretches out outside the end cap (2).

2, double powered variable transmission for electric automobile according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the output shaft of described electrical machinery of active force (13) is inserted in the endoporus of input shaft (9) by left end, this input shaft (9) is bearing in the connecting body (10) by bearing, the right-hand member of input shaft (9) stretches in the planet carrier (14), and packs into the left end shaft of sun gear (8).

3, double powered variable transmission for electric automobile according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with 2-8 by the equally distributed planetary pinion of circumference (4) between described sun gear (8) and gear ring (5).

4, double powered variable transmission for electric automobile according to claim 3 is characterized in that: be provided with 3 by the equally distributed planetary pinion of circumference (4) between described sun gear (8) and gear ring (5).

5, double powered variable transmission for electric automobile according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the end of the housing of described adjusting motor (12) and worm screw housing (7) is fixed, and worm screw housing (7) is connected with connecting body (10) and end cap (2) by screw.

6, double powered variable transmission for electric automobile according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the output shaft of described adjusting motor (12) stretches in the endoporus of offering worm screw (6) end, both drive fits.

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