CN101564771A - 工具刀头 - Google Patents
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- CN101564771A CN101564771A CNA2009101273772A CN200910127377A CN101564771A CN 101564771 A CN101564771 A CN 101564771A CN A2009101273772 A CNA2009101273772 A CN A2009101273772A CN 200910127377 A CN200910127377 A CN 200910127377A CN 101564771 A CN101564771 A CN 101564771A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/141—Specially shaped plate-like cutting inserts, i.e. length greater or equal to width, width greater than or equal to thickness
- B23B27/145—Specially shaped plate-like cutting inserts, i.e. length greater or equal to width, width greater than or equal to thickness characterised by having a special shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/141—Specially shaped plate-like cutting inserts, i.e. length greater or equal to width, width greater than or equal to thickness
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
- B23C5/20—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape with removable cutter bits or teeth or cutting inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
- B23B2222/28—Details of hard metal, i.e. cemented carbide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
- B23B2226/12—Boron nitride
- B23B2226/125—Boron nitride cubic [CBN]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
- B23B2226/31—Diamond
- B23B2226/315—Diamond polycrystalline [PCD]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
- B23C2222/28—Details of hard metal, i.e. cemented carbide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
- B23C2226/12—Boron nitride
- B23C2226/125—Boron nitride cubic [CBN]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
- B23C2226/31—Diamond
- B23C2226/315—Diamond polycrystalline [PCD]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/23—Cutters, for shaping including tool having plural alternatively usable cutting edges
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/27—Cutters, for shaping comprising tool of specific chemical composition
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- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
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- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种制造工具刀头的方法,该工具刀头包括一中心金属部分,该中心金属部分设有与其接合的由超级研磨材料构成的边缘区域并且该边缘区域为工具刀头提供了一切削刃或者切削点。主体(50)在其相对侧上具有主表面,每个主平面上设有由一个诸如硬质合金的金属区域或者多个金属区域分隔开的超级研磨材料的间隔条带(64),所述的超级研磨材料通常为诸如PCBN或者PCD的磨料压实体。一个主表面中的每个超级研磨条带与相对的主表面中的一个超级研磨条带对齐。可替换的是,每个超级研磨条带从一个主表面延伸到相对的主表面上。从一主表面到相对的主表面沿至少两组在各个超级研磨条带中或者条带上相交的平面切断主体来制成工具刀头。
Description
本申请是名称为“工具刀头”、国际申请日为2003年2月20日、国际申请号为PCT/IB03/00600、国家申请号为03804269.X的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种工具刀头(tool insert)。
背景技术
磨料压实体(abrasive compacts)是将通常为超硬的研磨粒子接合到一硬质粘结块上构成的多晶体。这种压实体通常被接合到一基体上,该基体通常为硬质合金甚体。金刚石磨料压实体还称为PCD,立方氮化硼磨料压实体还称为PCBN。
US4,807,402公开了这样一种制品,其包括一诸如硬质合金块的支承体,而且在该支承体的上表面和下表面上都接合有磨料压实体层。
EP0714719公开了一种工具刀头,该工具刀头具有由选自硬质合金,类铁金属或者高熔点金属构成的中心层或者中间层以及接合到上述中心层或者中间层的第一和第二磨料压实体层。工具组件包括由磨料压实体构成的一突出部和侧面,而该突出部和侧面为工具刀头提供了切削点和切削刃。这样的工具刀头可通过如在美国专利US4,807,402中所公开的制品进行电火花加工而被切割。
US5,676,496公开了一种金属切割刀头,该刀头包括一硬质合金基体,以及至少一个由诸如PCD或者PCBN的超硬磨材料构成的主体,将该主体与基体的一边缘表面接合并且该主体可从基体的一个侧表面延伸到该基体的另一个侧表面。在基体的各个转角处可设置多个超硬主体。在US5,598,621和US5,813,105中公开了制造类似刀头的方法。
现有技术中公开的用于制造直接烧结的多转角之刀头的方法的一个主要缺点在于,在一个单一的高压和高温循环过程中只能制造非常少量的切削工具刀头。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种制造工具刀头的方法,其中该工具刀头包括一中心金属部分,该中心金属部分具有与其接合的由超级研磨材料构成的边缘区域,并且该边缘区域为工具刀头提供了切削刃或者切削点。该方法包括以下步骤:
(i)提供一个在其相对侧的每一面上都具有主表面的主体,每个主表面设有由一个金属区域或者多个金属区域分隔开的超级研磨材料构成的间隔条带,一个主表面中的每个超级研磨条带与相对的主表面中的一个超级研磨条带对齐或者每个超级研磨条带从一个主表面延伸到相对的主表面上;以及
(ii)从一主表面向相对的主表面沿至少两组在各个超级研磨条带中或者条带上相交的平面切断主体来制成工具刀头。
主体的切断是以这样一种方式来进行的,即,使超级研磨条带暴露出来从而在工具刀头中形成一切削刀尖或者切削刃。例如,主体的切断可沿着至少两条与至少两条条带相交的线,和沿着基本上纵向延伸穿过至少两个相邻条带的线而进行。
金属区域可以是一种硬金属,该硬金属优选是由选自硬质合金,类铁金属和高熔点金属的材料构成。可优选的是,该硬金属是硬质合金。
可优选的是,超级研磨材料是一种磨料压实体,优选为PCD或者PCBN,更可取的为PCBN。
主体优选呈一圆盘状。该圆盘优选具有约为55mm到约为125mm的直径,更可取的是具有约为80mm到约为100mm的直径,而且该圆盘具有约为1.6mm到约为30mm的厚度,更可取的是具有约为2mm到约为10mm的厚度。
主体的切断可通过公知的方法进行,例如激光切割或者电火花加工。
本发明的另一方面提供了一种多面体的工具刀头,该工具刀头包括一个在其相对侧上设有主表面的中心金属部分和至少一个与每个主表面都接合或者从一个主表面延伸到另一个主表面的超级研磨条带,所述每个超级研磨条带为工具刀头提供了一切削刀尖或者切削刃。多面体的工具刀头优选为星形。
本发明的另一方面提供了一种工具刀头,该工具刀头包括一个在其相对侧上设有主表面的中心金属部分,该中心金属部分包括从各个主表面延伸出来的中心凸起区域和位于该凸起区域周围的凹入区域;以及呈一条带型式的超级研磨材料薄层,所述超级研磨材料薄层在各个凹入区域中被接合到每个主表面上,并且每个超级研磨条带为工具刀头提供了一切削刀尖或者切削刃。
附图说明
图1a是利用本发明方法的一个主体实施例的透视图;
图1b是图1a中主体的横截面侧视图;
图1c是通过本发明方法获得的一工具刀头的透视图;
图2至9是本发明的其它实施例,其中图2(a)-9(a)是利用本发明方法的各主体的透视图,图5(b)和9(b)是主体的横截面侧视图,图2(c)-9(c)是工具刀头实施例的透视图。
具体实施方式
现在,结合附图中的图1对本发明的一个实施例进行说明。首先参考图1a,呈圆盘型式的主体10包括由硬质合金构成的交替区域12以及由超级研磨材料构成的条带14,其中的超级研磨材料为磨料压实体。在一高压/高温烧结工艺步骤过程中,硬质合金区域12和磨料压实体条带14彼此接合。主体10在其每个相对侧中上具有主平面16,18。
主体10沿横向于磨料压实体条带14的间隔线20而被切断。主体还沿着纵向经过每个磨料压实体条带14的线22而被切断。切断就是从一个主表面16向另一个主表面18贯穿主体来进行的。这样,就获得了图1c所示的产品或者工具刀头。该刀头具有一个由硬质合金构成的中心部分24,而且该中心部分与由磨料压实体构成的纵向边缘条带26相接合。边缘条带26从一个主表面16向另一个主表面18连续地延伸。为了将工具刀头安装在一工具内,可以贯穿该中心部分24设置一个孔28。磨料压实体条带26的边缘30和转角32为工具刀头提供了切削刃或者切削点。
主体10可以通过提供多种成分来构成,即将呈粒子形式的用于制造硬质合金区域12(诸如碳化钨区域)和条带14(例如PCBN)所必需的成分借助于诸如一有机粘结剂的粘结剂接合到一粘附模板(coherent form)上。该主体还可以利用硬金属的预烧结条带被组装起来。原始状态的主体通过在一膜盒内适当地确定区域和条带的位置来获得。膜盒被放置在一普通的高温/高压装置的反应区中。使原始状态的主体处于适当地升高温度和压力的情况下,例如条带内的磨料处于晶体稳态下,就会产生如图1a和1b所示的烧结硬质及接合体。
图2至4的实施例与图1的实施例相类似,所以相同的部件用相同的附图标记来表示。在这些实施例中,示出了可供选择的切断线的结构形式,这样就可分别获得一个三角形的刀头(如图2c所示),一个具有内角小于90度的带四个切削刀尖的多面体工具刀头(如图3c所示),以及一个菱形刀头(如图4c所示)。此外,边缘条带26或者其截面从一个主表面16连续地延伸到另一个主表面18。
下面结合图5对本发明的另一个实施例进行说明。首先参考图5a,一个硬质合金主体50呈圆盘形,而且在该主体相对侧具有主平表面52,54。每个主平面上设有一系列平行间隔的凹槽56,在每个凹槽56中设有一超级研磨材料条带,在这种情况下,将磨料压实体作为超级研磨材料接合到硬质合金主体上。
可这样获得一工具刀头,首先,沿着间隔线58从一个主表面52到另一个主表面54切断主体50,其中的间隔线58横向于磨料压实体填充的凹槽56。接着,沿纵向贯穿每个凹槽56延伸的线60以一横向方向切断主体。此外,切断是从一个主表面52到相对的另一个主表面54进行的。
图5c示出了获得的产品或者工具刀头。该刀头具有一矩形或者方形的形状,并且将磨料压实体构成的条带64接合到一硬质合金构成的中心部分62上。条带64沿工具刀头之相对侧的上和下边缘而设置。在每一侧上的条带被区域66内的硬质合金而分离开。每一个条带64都设有切削刃68和切削点70。为了将工具刀头安装在一工具内,可以贯穿该中心硬质合金区域62设置一个孔72。
主体50可以通过设置一个盘形的硬质合金主体和在其两个主表面中的切削凹槽56来形成,其中的硬质合金主体可为一碳化钨主体。将呈粒子形式的用于制造磨料压实体所必需的成分(诸如PCBN)放置在凹槽56中。这些粒子借助于诸如一有机粘结剂的粘结剂接合到一粘附模板上。具有填料凹槽的硬质合金主体被放置在一普通的高温/高压装置的反应区中。使主体处于适当地升高温度和压力的情况下,例如条带内的磨料处于晶体稳态下,就会得到如图5a和5b所示的烧结硬质及接合体。
图6至8的实施例与图5的实施例相类似,所以相同的部件用相同的附图标记来表示。在这些实施例中,示出了可供选择的切断线的结构形式,这样就可分别获得一个三角形的刀头(如图6c所示),一个具有内角小于90度的四个切削刀尖的多面体工具刀头(如图7c所示),以及一个菱形刀头(如图8c所示)。此外,在每一侧面上的边缘条带64或者其截面被区域66内的硬质合金分离开。
图9示出了本发明的另一个实施例。该实施例提供了一种硬质合金的盘形主体100。该主体100在其相对侧上具有主表面102和104。每一个表面上设有扇形条带(scalloped strips)106,该扇形条带构成一交叉网格形状的结构。每个扇形条带106具有一薄层的超级研磨材料,在这种情况下是将磨料压实体作为超级研磨材料接合到主体上。沿着线108和垂直于该线的线110来切断主体100。这样获得的工具刀头如图9c(透视图)和图9d(横截面视图)所示。工具刀头包括一个硬质合金构成的主体112,该主体具有扇形边缘区域114,每一个边缘区域都设有一磨料压实体薄层116。边缘118和转角120为刀头提供了切削刃和切削点。一个位于中心的孔122可贯穿硬质合金而被形成。本实施例的工具刀头的几何形状可用于所谓的“断屑”中。
在上述实施例中,主体的切断可通过现有技术中公知的方法来进行,例如激光切割或者电火花加工。
Claims (2)
1.一种工具刀头,该工具刀头包括:一个具有限定在其相对侧上的主表面的中心金属部分,该中心金属部分包括从各个主表面延伸出来的中心凸起区域和位于该凸起区域周围的扇形边缘区域;以及呈一条带型式的超级研磨材料薄层,所述超级研磨材料薄层在各个扇形边缘区域中被接合到每个主表面上,并且每个超级研磨条带为工具刀头提供了一切削刀尖或者切削刃。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多面体的工具刀头,其特征在于,所述超级研磨材料薄层在相对主表面中的每一个上被接合到整个周边的扇形边缘区域上。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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ZA2002/1473 | 2002-02-21 | ||
ZA200201473 | 2002-02-21 |
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CNB03804269XA Division CN100475431C (zh) | 2002-02-21 | 2003-02-20 | 工具刀头 |
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CN101564771A true CN101564771A (zh) | 2009-10-28 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CNA038042681A Pending CN1635937A (zh) | 2002-02-21 | 2003-02-20 | 工具刀头 |
CNB03804269XA Expired - Fee Related CN100475431C (zh) | 2002-02-21 | 2003-02-20 | 工具刀头 |
CNA038042703A Pending CN1635939A (zh) | 2002-02-21 | 2003-02-20 | 工具刀头 |
CNA2009101273772A Pending CN101564771A (zh) | 2002-02-21 | 2003-02-20 | 工具刀头 |
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---|---|---|---|
CNA038042681A Pending CN1635937A (zh) | 2002-02-21 | 2003-02-20 | 工具刀头 |
CNB03804269XA Expired - Fee Related CN100475431C (zh) | 2002-02-21 | 2003-02-20 | 工具刀头 |
CNA038042703A Pending CN1635939A (zh) | 2002-02-21 | 2003-02-20 | 工具刀头 |
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US (4) | US20050123366A1 (zh) |
EP (3) | EP1478487A1 (zh) |
JP (3) | JP2005517540A (zh) |
KR (3) | KR20040105725A (zh) |
CN (4) | CN1635937A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE482051T1 (zh) |
AU (3) | AU2003206013A1 (zh) |
CA (4) | CA2476781C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60334284D1 (zh) |
PL (3) | PL371384A1 (zh) |
WO (3) | WO2003070416A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA200406387B (zh) |
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2003
- 2003-02-20 CA CA2476781A patent/CA2476781C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-02-20 WO PCT/IB2003/000599 patent/WO2003070416A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-02-20 CN CNA038042681A patent/CN1635937A/zh active Pending
- 2003-02-20 KR KR10-2004-7012938A patent/KR20040105725A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-02-20 CA CA002476780A patent/CA2476780A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-20 AU AU2003206013A patent/AU2003206013A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-20 CA CA2729497A patent/CA2729497A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-20 DE DE60334284T patent/DE60334284D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-20 PL PL03371384A patent/PL371384A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-02-20 US US10/505,000 patent/US20050123366A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-20 JP JP2003569363A patent/JP2005517540A/ja active Pending
- 2003-02-20 EP EP03702896A patent/EP1478487A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-02-20 JP JP2003569365A patent/JP2005517542A/ja active Pending
- 2003-02-20 CN CNB03804269XA patent/CN100475431C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-02-20 CN CNA038042703A patent/CN1635939A/zh active Pending
- 2003-02-20 EP EP03704844A patent/EP1478488B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-20 WO PCT/IB2003/000600 patent/WO2003070417A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-02-20 PL PL03370027A patent/PL370027A1/xx unknown
- 2003-02-20 US US10/504,999 patent/US7179023B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-02-20 AU AU2003209520A patent/AU2003209520A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-20 CA CA002476783A patent/CA2476783A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-20 KR KR1020047012941A patent/KR100993679B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-02-20 PL PL03370030A patent/PL370030A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-02-20 US US10/504,998 patent/US7189032B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-02-20 WO PCT/IB2003/000604 patent/WO2003070418A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-02-20 AT AT03704844T patent/ATE482051T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-02-20 KR KR10-2004-7012940A patent/KR20040102009A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-02-20 AU AU2003207371A patent/AU2003207371A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-20 CN CNA2009101273772A patent/CN101564771A/zh active Pending
- 2003-02-20 EP EP03742634A patent/EP1487607A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-02-20 JP JP2003569364A patent/JP4344616B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-08-12 ZA ZA2004/06387A patent/ZA200406387B/en unknown
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2006
- 2006-11-21 US US11/602,576 patent/US8105000B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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