CN101539499A - Deductive method of hardened concrete mixing ratio - Google Patents
Deductive method of hardened concrete mixing ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN101539499A CN101539499A CN200910098028A CN200910098028A CN101539499A CN 101539499 A CN101539499 A CN 101539499A CN 200910098028 A CN200910098028 A CN 200910098028A CN 200910098028 A CN200910098028 A CN 200910098028A CN 101539499 A CN101539499 A CN 101539499A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a deductive method of hardened concrete mixing ratio, comprising the following steps of: measuring the saturated surface dry mass of a concrete block, measuring the mass of the concrete block after drying; breaking the concrete into a plurality of small blocks, quickly cooling the small concrete blocks after heating, crushing the small concrete blocks for the first time, screening the crushed material, measuring the dry mass of the unscreened part; measuring the dry mass of the screened part; crushing the dry material of the screened part for the second time to form a test sample; weighing the dried test sample; weighing the powder mass after calcination and obtaining the ignition loss of the powder sample by calculation, weighing the dried test sample, adding hydrochloric acid into the sample, filtering the mixture after stirring, calcining the residue, weighing the powder mass after calcination, obtaining the mass of undissolved substances in the powder by calculation; and calculating the mixing ratio according to formula. The method has the advantages of short operation time, low energy consumption and high precision.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of presuming method of maturing match ratio, belong to the material engineering field.
(2) background technology
In water conservancy and maritime concrete engineering, concrete mix and construction quality thereof be decision permanance of reinforced concrete structure and service life greatest factor it.And the match ratio of the existing maturing that has often has certain difference with the match ratio that designs in work progress, inferring of maturing match ratio can be the permeance property reference that maturing has been built in evaluation, being one of means of measuring existing concrete permeability energy, also is the method that construction quality detects to be needed in the reality.
When concrete durability being estimated with life prediction, usually the simulated experiment that need be correlated with to existing xoncrete structure is carried out durability of structures evaluation and prediction according to the performance test results of simulated experiment result and existing reinforced concrete work then.Under carrying out the lab simulation physical environment during erosion test such as the chlorion of existing maturing and carbon dioxide, also must know the match ratio of simulated object (maturing), the approaching more existing reinforced concrete structure of the match ratio of used concrete material can be set up clear and definite life assessment and forecast model between the performance of its result and existing reinforced concrete structure more.Therefore, existing concrete mixture ratio being inferred, is to needing one of key issue that solves in existing concrete durability evaluation and the forecasting research.
Infer about existing concrete mixture ratio, existing abroad several different methods is as the titrimetry (F-18) of Japanese cement association, the ASTM C 1084-92 of American society association etc.But because the CaO quality (dissolving portion C aO quality) in CaO quality and the cement is relevant in CaO quality and the aggregate in the existing concrete, the test more complicated that existing presuming method has, need special technical ability and analytical equipment, what have can not obtain experimental result at short notice.Carrying out concrete mix when inferring as the F-18 titrimetry, its ultimate principle is with steps such as concrete fragmentation, grinding, calcining, hour Cl dissolving, complexometries, and the calcium oxide content of the calcium oxide content of the loss on ignition ratio by measuring concrete powder, calcium oxide content, used cement, loss on ignition, used aggregate waits infers.Yet this method needs to detect in advance the calcium oxide content that obtains cement, and this is inapplicable to existing engineering reinforced concrete structure, because of used cement loss on ignition can't be learnt in advance.Adopt this method that the concrete that adopts the lime stone coarse aggregate is carried out match ratio when inferring, its error at measurment is often bigger, and the mensuration process need repeatedly be carried out the mensuration of calcium oxide content, mensuration process complexity; Directly concrete is carried out fragmentation, ball-milling treatment, the powder that obtains is most of to be the coarse-fine aggregate powder, and not only its mensuration process energy consumption is big, and influences the wherein mensuration precision of calcium oxide content; In addition, if the ratio between aggregate unknown in advance (and to infer in the existing concrete of match ratio thick, fine aggregate is more unknown than general), usage ratio thick in the concrete, fine aggregate that this method can't obtain is difficult to obtain the match ratio of maturing.
(3) summary of the invention
Simplify the match ratio presuming method of maturing, improve concrete mix and infer precision, the invention provides a kind of simple and effective maturing match ratio presuming method.
For reaching goal of the invention, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of presuming method of maturing match ratio, described presuming method step is as follows:
1, maturing to be measured is placed water soaked 24～48 hours, take out described maturing and dry the surface, be stiffization of saturation plane concrete block, the saturation plane dry mass that records quality and be described maturing is counted G
1Described stiffization of saturation plane concrete block at 100～110 ℃ of following for the first time heat dryings 24～48 hours, is obtained the concrete block of absolute dry condition, record quality and be the quality behind the described maturing adiabatic drying, count G
2The concrete block of gained absolute dry condition heated 2.5～4 hours down at 300～450 ℃, and the concrete block taking-up quench cooled in exsiccator that heats the back gained is recorded its quality and counts G to room temperature
3Absolute dry condition is meant constant weight.2: the concrete block after the step 1 gained quench cooled is broken into the concrete fritter, its described concrete fritter particle diameter is about 1～2 times of contained maximum diameter of aggrogate in the described maturing, then the concrete fritter is placed the ball grinder of vibromill, do not add under the situation of abrasive media and dry grinded 0.5～2 hour, be advisable with 1 hour, this abrasive media is abrading-ball; After the discharging, with the screening of 4.75mm square hole screen, screened part is standby; Contained aggregate is meant coarse aggregate in the described maturing, and general aggregate size is between 20～40mm.
3, with step 2 gained not screened part add ball grinder once more, and add abrasive media, continued ball milling 0.5～1 hour, be advisable with 1 hour; Still sieve after the discharging with the 4.75mm square hole screen, screened part is still standby, and will not sieve and partly clean 3 times with 200～500ml water, each water lotion all stays with standby, take off layer sediment and under 100～110 ℃, be dried to absolute dry condition, after being cooled to room temperature in the exsiccator, recording quality is maturing coarse aggregate dry mass to be measured, counts m
1
4, step 2 and step 3 are obtained screened part and water lotion and merge and directly be dried to absolute dry condition under 100～110 ℃, recording quality is maturing tie water to be measured, mortar quality, counts m
2After recording quality, place ball grinder to add behind the abrasive media ball milling 0.5～2 hour, being milled to particle diameter is below the 75 μ m, mixes with high-speed mixer after the discharging, forms powdered sample to be measured, high-speed mixer rotating speed: 1000～2000rpm;
Because step 3 and step 4 are physical crushing, cleaning, material can not lose in the concrete, so G in theory
3=m
1+ m
2
5, with the powdered sample sample quarterlies to be measured of step 4, obtain quality and count m
3Powdered sample A, the powdered sample A that obtains 550～650 ℃ of calcinings 1～2 hour down, is cooled to the powder quality that takes by weighing after the room temperature after the calcining and counts m
4, calculate the loss on ignition ratio γ of powdered sample A by formula (1):
γ＝(m
3-m
4)/m
3 (1)
The loss on ignition ratio of the powdered sample to be measured of hence one can see that step 4 gained is γ, and promptly quality is m
2Powdered sample to be measured through after the step 5, burning the quality of losing is m
2γ, the part that described burning is lost is the tie water part in the concrete.
6, with the powdered sample to be measured of step 4, use sample quarterlies again, obtain quality and count m
5Powdered sample B, in described sample B, add the 250ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, described aqueous hydrochloric acid solution is 1: 8 to 1: 12 with the volume ratio of concentrated hydrochloric acid and water, described concentrated hydrochloric acid is meant that mass concentration is 36.5% aqueous hydrochloric acid solution.Filter paper filtering use in the back that stirs, and filter cake is placed under 1000 ℃ of conditions with filter paper after with deionized water wash and calcined 2 hours, and the powder quality that takes by weighing after the cooling after the calcining is a maturing immiscible acid part to be measured, counts m
6, calculate insolubles ratio β among the powdered sample B by formula (2):
β＝m
6/m
5 (2)
The insolubles ratio of the powdered sample to be measured of hence one can see that step 4 gained is β, and promptly quality is m
2Powdered sample to be measured through after the step 6, the quality of insolubles is m
2β, this insolubles is the fine aggregate in the concrete.
7, the data that record according to step 1～6 are inferred the match ratio of maturing according to following formula:
If the mass content of cement is X (%) in the maturing to be measured, aggregate quality content is Y (%), the tie water mass content is Z (%), the loss on ignition of Portland cement generally gets 3%, therefore the loss on ignition ratio b by empirical hypothesis cement is 3%, obtain each parameter according to above-mentioned test method, the ratio of cement, aggregate and tie water in the maturing then to be measured and quality can be calculated according to following formula:
The formula that various material usages and match ratio are inferred in the concrete is:
From step 1-6 as can be known, the quality of step 4 gained is m
2Powdered sample to be measured in, the net content of cement is m
2(1-γ-β), the quality of step 1 gained is G
3Concrete block shine into a part of cement and burns mistake owing to calcining, so the mass content of cement is in the concrete:
From step 1-6 as can be known, the quality of gained is G
3Concrete block in, the quality of aggregate is m
2* β+m
1, so aggregate quality content is in the concrete:
From step 1-6 as can be known, the quality of gained is G
3Concrete block in, the quality of tie water is m
2* γ, still, itself has tie water cement, and the tie water of calcining back cement itself also will be burnt mistake, so the tie water mass content is in the concrete:
8, record data and step 7 computed information according to step 1～6, be calculated as follows the quality of contained cement (C) in the maturing piece, water (W), fine aggregate (S) and coarse aggregate (G) and concrete mix (C: W: S: G):
Coarse aggregate quality G=m
1(6)
The total quality of aggregate is Y (m
1+ m
2)=Y * G
3(7)
The fine aggregate quality is S=Y * G
3-m
1=m
2* β (8)
The tie water quality is W
j=Z * (m
1+ m
2)+G
2-G
3=Z * G
3+ G
2-G
3(9)
The quality of construction water is W=Z * (m
1+ m
2)+G
1-G
3=Z * G
3+ G
1-G
3(10)
The quality C=X of cement * G
3(11)
Further, the time of heating is 3 hours to the described concrete block of step 1 down at 300 ℃.
Further, not add the abrasive media ground dry grinding time be 1 hour to the described concrete fritter of step 2.
Further, the described lower sediment thing is dried to the over dry state under 100～110 ℃ time of step 3 is 24 hours.
Further, step 4 is described places ball grinder to add that the time of ball milling is 1 hour behind the abrasive media screened part.
Further, the described aqueous hydrochloric acid solution of step 6 is preparation in 1: 10 by the volume ratio of concentrated hydrochloric acid and water, normally sample B is added in the 250ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, and the time of stirring is 20 minutes.
The concrete of described maturing for adopting the natural sand preparation and producing.
Principle of the present invention is to utilize characteristics such as there being weak interfacial transition zone between the different and aggregate of thermal expansivity between thick, fine aggregate and the grout and the cement stone, the mode of employing heating and quench cooled weakens the interfacial adhesion between coarse aggregate and sand-cement slurry, grout and the natural sand, with the screening processing coarse aggregate is separated by ball milling with mortar, carrying out ball by the coarse aggregate that separation is obtained handles, remove the aggregate-cement stone interface zone of transition composition of coarse aggregate surface attachment, directly obtain the consumption of coarse aggregate in the concrete; Obtain concrete tie water and adsorpting water quantity by the mass loss of measuring the heating front and back, thereby calculate concrete water consumption; By the molten hydrated product dissolving that makes in the cement stone of acid, and utilize hydrated cementitious product acid molten back main formation solution or colloidal particle, and methods such as colloidal particle can filter by the characteristic of filter paper, calcination are obtained the sand consumption in the mortar; Obtain the cement consumption in the mortar at last, obtain concrete mixture ratio thereby finally infer.
Maturing match ratio presuming method of the present invention, its beneficial effect is embodied in and adopts this method not need complicated chemical analysis program, has simplified presuming method, and can analyze and obtain coarse aggregate and fine aggregate consumption, and the accuracy of inferring the result is better, and precision is higher.Method of the present invention has solved ratio between the unknown in advance aggregate of maturing in the prior art and can not carry out the problem of inferring of concrete mix; Generally do not adopt the situation of additive at existing maturing early stage and that use for a long time, a kind of presuming method simple, that cost is low, the time is short, the coarse-fine aggregate ratio does not need maturing match ratio in advance of testing is provided.
The presuming method of maturing match ratio of the present invention, its beneficial effect is mainly reflected in:
(1) by mechanical presses and friction force effect, the coarse aggregate in the maturing is separated with mortar, technological process has no side effect, and is favourable to the protection environment;
(2) because the water in the mortar after the Treatment Analysis and not during meltage only need add technologies such as hydrochloric acid 250mL, the means and the equipment of test are simpler;
(3) comprise the coarse aggregate separation etc. of maturing, in 5 days, can finish the match ratio of sample and measure that the time is shorter.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 infers the experimental technique process flow diagram of maturing match ratio for adopting the present invention
(5) embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in this:
The embodiment of the invention 1～5 adopts following method to infer the maturing match ratio:
A kind of presuming method of maturing match ratio, described presuming method step is as follows:
1, maturing to be measured is placed water soaked 48 hours, take out described maturing and dry the surface, be stiffization of saturation plane concrete block, the saturation plane dry mass that records quality and be described maturing is counted G
1Described stiffization of saturation plane concrete block at 100～110 ℃ of following for the first time heat dryings 48 hours, is obtained the concrete block of absolute dry condition, record quality and be the quality behind the described maturing adiabatic drying, count G
2The concrete block of gained absolute dry condition heated 3 hours down at 300 ℃, and the concrete block taking-up quench cooled in exsiccator that heats the back gained is recorded its quality and counts G to room temperature
3Absolute dry condition is meant constant weight.
2: the concrete block after the step 1 gained quench cooled is broken into the concrete fritter, its described concrete fritter particle diameter is about 1～2 times of contained maximum diameter of aggrogate in the described maturing, then the concrete fritter is placed the ball grinder of vibromill, do not add under the situation of abrasive media dry grinding 1 hour, this abrasive media is abrading-ball; After the discharging, with the screening of 4.75mm square hole screen, screened part is standby; Contained aggregate is meant coarse aggregate in the described maturing, and general aggregate size is between 20～40mm.
3, with step 2 gained not screened part add ball grinder once more, and add abrasive media, continued ball milling 1 hour; Still sieve after the discharging with the 4.75mm square hole screen, screened part is still standby, and will not sieve and partly clean 3 times with 200ml water, each water lotion all stays with standby, take off layer sediment and under 100～110 ℃, be dried to absolute dry condition, after being cooled to room temperature in the exsiccator, recording quality is maturing coarse aggregate dry mass to be measured, counts m
1
4, step 2 and step 3 are obtained screened part and water lotion and merge and directly be dried to absolute dry condition under 100～110 ℃, recording quality is maturing tie water to be measured, mortar quality, counts m
2After recording quality, place ball grinder to add behind the abrasive media ball milling 1 hour, being milled to particle diameter is below the 75 μ m, mixes with high-speed mixer after the discharging, forms powdered sample to be measured, high-speed mixer rotating speed: 1000～2000rpm;
Because step 3 and step 4 are physical crushing, cleaning, material can not lose in the concrete, so G in theory
3=m
1+ m
2
5, with the powdered sample sample quarterlies to be measured of step 4, obtain quality and count m
3Powdered sample A, the powdered sample A that obtains 550～650 ℃ of calcinings 2 hours down, is cooled to the powder quality that takes by weighing after the room temperature after the calcining and counts m
4, calculate the loss on ignition ratio γ of powdered sample A by formula (1):
γ＝(m
3-m
4)/m
3 (1)
The loss on ignition ratio of the powdered sample to be measured of hence one can see that step 4 gained is γ, and promptly quality is m
2Powdered sample to be measured through after the step 5, burning the quality of losing is m
2γ, the part that described burning is lost is the tie water part in the concrete.
6, with the powdered sample to be measured of step 4, use sample quarterlies again, obtain quality and count m
5Powdered sample B, in described sample B, add the 250ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, described aqueous hydrochloric acid solution is 1: 8 to 1: 12 with the volume ratio of concentrated hydrochloric acid and water, described concentrated hydrochloric acid is meant that mass concentration is 36.5% aqueous hydrochloric acid solution.Filter paper filtering use in the back that stirs, and filter cake is placed under 1000 ℃ of conditions with filter paper after with deionized water wash and calcined 2 hours, and the powder quality that takes by weighing after the cooling after the calcining is a maturing immiscible acid part to be measured, counts m
6, calculate insolubles ratio β among the powdered sample B by formula (2):
β＝m
6/m
5 (2)
The insolubles ratio of the powdered sample to be measured of hence one can see that step 4 gained is β, and promptly quality is m
2Powdered sample to be measured through after the step 6, the quality of insolubles is m
2β, this insolubles is the fine aggregate in the concrete.
7, the data that record according to step 1～6 are inferred the match ratio of maturing according to following formula:
If the mass content of cement is X (%) in the maturing to be measured, aggregate quality content is Y (%), the tie water mass content is Z (%), the loss on ignition of Portland cement generally gets 3%, therefore the loss on ignition ratio b by empirical hypothesis cement is 3%, obtain each parameter according to above-mentioned test method, the ratio of cement, aggregate and tie water in the maturing then to be measured and quality can be calculated according to following formula:
The formula that various material usages and match ratio are inferred in the concrete is:
From step 1-6 as can be known, the quality of step 4 gained is m
2Powdered sample to be measured in, the net content of cement is m
2(1-γ-β), the quality of step 1 gained is G
3Concrete block shine into a part of cement and burns mistake owing to calcining, so the mass content of cement is in the concrete:
From step 1-6 as can be known, the quality of gained is G
3Concrete block in, the quality of aggregate is m
2* β+m
1, so aggregate quality content is in the concrete:
From step 1-6 as can be known, the quality of gained is G
3Concrete block in, the quality of tie water is m
2* γ, still, itself has tie water cement, and the tie water of calcining back cement itself also will be burnt mistake, so the tie water mass content is in the concrete:
8, record data and step 7 computed information according to step 1～6, be calculated as follows the quality of contained cement (C) in the maturing piece, water (W), fine aggregate (S) and coarse aggregate (G) and concrete mix (C: W: S: G):
Coarse aggregate quality G=m
1(6)
The total quality of aggregate is Y (m
1+ m
2)=Y * G
3(7)
The fine aggregate quality is S=Y * G
3-m
1=m
2* β (8)
The tie water quality is W
j=Z * (m
1+ m
2)+G
2-G
3=Z * G
3+ G
2-G
3(9)
The quality of construction water is W=Z * (m
1+ m
2)+G
1-G
3=Z * G
3+ G
1-G
3(10)
The quality C=X of cement * G
3(11)
The described lower sediment thing is dried to the over dry state under 100～110 ℃ time of step 3 is 24 hours.
The described aqueous hydrochloric acid solution of step 6 is preparation in 1: 10 by the volume ratio of concentrated hydrochloric acid and water, normally sample B is added in the 250ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, and the time of stirring is 20 minutes.
With cement quality is 1, then can calculate the ratio between other three kinds of materials and the cement quality, is the match ratio of the maturing of surveying.
Embodiment 1:
The maturing match ratio of moulding after 56 days inferred
Experimental water mud is the PO32.5 cement that money tide cement mill produces, and used lime stone matter maximum size of coarse aggregate is 40cm, and water is drinking public water supply, and sand adopts (river) medium sand (its modulus of fineness is 2.7).Press the concrete batching of match ratio shown in the table 1, the gained concrete mix slump is 50～100mm, 9 of every group of concrete samples, specimen molding is of a size of 100mm * 100mm * 100mm, prepare concrete sample and standard curing (with shaping test piece natural curing form removal after 24 hours, maintenance 28d in room temperature water) again according to the method for current specifications; The concrete component of respectively organizing of design is respectively:
A1: cement/stone (coarse aggregate)/sand (fine aggregate)/water=1.00/2.60/1.46/0.45
A2: cement/stone (coarse aggregate)/sand (fine aggregate)/water=1.00/2.85/1.75/0.50
A3: cement/stone (coarse aggregate)/sand (fine aggregate)/water=1.00/3.24/1.98/0.55
Table 1 is the above-mentioned concrete component of respectively organizing.
Table 1 test specimen match ratio (original) component complete list
| Sequence number | C (cement): G (stone): S (sand): W (water) | Water cement ratio W/C | Sand coarse aggregate ratio α s(％) | Tower degree of falling S 1(mm) |
| A1 | 1∶2.60∶1.46∶0.45 | 0.45 | 36.0 | 50-100 |
| A2 | 1∶2.85∶1.75∶0.50 | 0.50 | 38.0 | 50-100 |
| A3 | 1∶3.24∶1.98∶0.55 | 0.55 | 38.0 | 50-100 |
Test specimen hydrostatic standard curing in 20 ℃ of water was taken out after 28 days, under indoor environment, deposit 28 days after, with above-mentioned respectively organize in 9 in the sample 3 to specifications accompanying drawing 1 carry out the match ratio presumptive test, all the other 6 are continued to deposit in indoor stand-by.
The measurement result mean value of respectively organizing 3 samples and the computation process of moulding after 56 days is table 2.
The measurement result mean value of table 2 moulding each each 3 sample of group after 56 days
The component of calculating is tested in moulding after 56 days be (table 2 conclusion):
A1: cement/stone (coarse aggregate)/sand (fine aggregate)/water=1.000/2.494/0.935/0.488
A2: cement/stone (coarse aggregate)/sand (fine aggregate)/water=1.000/2.841/1.607/0.518
A3: cement/stone (coarse aggregate)/sand (fine aggregate)/water=1.000/3.256/1.881/0.579
By table 2 as seen, it is approaching substantially to infer the 56d concrete mix and the former concrete mix that obtain according to said method, illustrates that method of the present invention is to effective, the easy and consuming time weak point of inferring of maturing match ratio.
Embodiment 2
The maturing match ratio of moulding after 180 days inferred
Experimental water mud, coarse aggregate, sand, water etc. are all with above-mentioned embodiment 1; The size of test specimen, preparation and maintenance process are all with above-mentioned embodiment 1; Design respectively organize the same embodiment 1 of concrete component; Take out after 28 days, under indoor environment, deposit 152 days after, with above-mentioned remaining respectively organize in 6 in the sample 3 to specifications accompanying drawing 1 carry out the match ratio presumptive test, all the other 3 are continued to deposit in indoor stand-by.
The measurement result mean value of respectively organizing 3 samples and the computation process of moulding after 180 days is table 3.
The measurement result mean value of table 3 moulding each each 3 sample of group after 180 days
The component of calculating is tested in moulding after 180 days be (table 3 conclusion):
A1: cement/stone (coarse aggregate)/sand (fine aggregate)/water=1.000/3.3471.589/0.442
A2: cement/stone (coarse aggregate)/sand (fine aggregate)/water=1.000/2.796/1.651/0.515
A3: cement/stone (coarse aggregate)/sand (fine aggregate)/water=1.000/3.352/1.969/0.550
By table 3 as seen, it is approaching substantially to infer the 180d concrete mix and the former concrete mix that obtain according to said method.
Embodiment 3
The maturing match ratio of moulding after 365 days inferred
Experimental water mud, coarse aggregate, sand, water etc. are all with above-mentioned embodiment 1; The size of test specimen, preparation and maintenance process are all with above-mentioned embodiment 1; Design respectively organize the same embodiment 1 of concrete component; Take out after 28 days, under indoor environment, deposit 365 days after, with above-mentioned respectively organize sample remaining 3 to specifications accompanying drawing 1 carry out the match ratio presumptive test.
The measurement result mean value of respectively organizing 3 samples and the computation process of moulding after 365 days is table 4.
The measurement result mean value of table 4 moulding each each 3 sample of group after 365 days
The component of calculating is tested in moulding after 365 days be (table 4 conclusion):
A1: cement/stone (coarse aggregate)/sand (fine aggregate)/water=1.000/2.656/1.463/0.429
A2: cement/stone (coarse aggregate)/sand (fine aggregate)/water=1.000/2.806/1.636/0.518
A3: cement/stone (coarse aggregate)/sand (fine aggregate)/water=1.000/3.414/1.999/0.558
By table 4 as seen, it is approaching substantially to infer the 365d concrete mix and the former concrete mix that obtain according to said method.
Embodiment 4
The maturing match ratio of the use that the scene is obtained after 37 years inferred
Used the gate pier concrete of the sluice in 37 years, the water cement ratio in the gate pier concrete mix is about 0.60.Obtain the core of diameter 100mm at the scene, process (right cylinder of highly about 100mm) to testing laboratory's intercepting and carry out inferring of its match ratio.This gate pier is obtained 15 cores altogether, with 6 samples of inferring wherein as its match ratio, with said method to specifications accompanying drawing 1 carry out the match ratio presumptive test.
Use the measurement result and the computation process of 6 the sample match ratios of maturing after 37 years to be table 5.
Table 5 uses the measurement result of 6 the sample match ratios of maturing after 37 years
The match ratio mean value of 6 the core concrete (B) in the table 5 is: cement/stone (coarse aggregate)/sand (fine aggregate)/water=1.000/3.366/1.309/0.603.The match ratio of this conclusion and the design of this maturing is very approaching.
Embodiment 5
The maturing match ratio of the use that the scene is obtained after 26 years inferred
Used the gate pier concrete of the another one sluice in 26 years, the water cement ratio in the gate pier concrete mix is also about 0.60.Obtain the core of diameter 100mm at the scene, process (right cylinder of highly about 100mm) to testing laboratory's intercepting and carry out inferring of its match ratio.This gate pier is obtained 15 cores altogether, with 6 samples of inferring wherein as its match ratio, with said method to specifications accompanying drawing 1 carry out the match ratio presumptive test.
Use the measurement result and the computation process of 6 the sample match ratios of maturing after 26 years to be table 6.
Table 6 uses the measurement result of 6 the sample match ratios of maturing after 26 years
The match ratio mean value of 6 the core concrete (C) in the table 6 is: cement/stone (coarse aggregate)/sand (fine aggregate)/water=1.000/3.757/1.160/0.607.The match ratio of this conclusion and the design of this maturing is very approaching.
The described content of this instructions embodiment only is enumerating the way of realization of inventive concept; protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as only limiting to the concrete form that embodiment states, protection scope of the present invention also reach in those skilled in the art conceive according to the present invention the equivalent technologies means that can expect.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of presuming method of maturing match ratio, described presuming method step is as follows:
1), place water to soak 24～48 hours maturing to be measured, take out described maturing and dry the surface, be stiffization of saturation plane concrete block, the saturation plane dry mass that records quality and be described maturing is counted G
1Described stiffization of saturation plane concrete block at 100～110 ℃ of following for the first time heat dryings 24～48 hours, is obtained the concrete block of absolute dry condition, record quality and be the quality behind the described maturing adiabatic drying, count G
2The concrete block of gained absolute dry condition heats 2.5～4h down for the second time at 300～450 ℃, and the concrete block taking-up quench cooled in exsiccator that heats the back gained is recorded its quality and counts G to room temperature
3
2): the concrete block after the step 1) gained quench cooled is broken into the concrete fritter, and its described concrete fritter particle diameter is about 1～2 times of contained maximum diameter of aggrogate in the described maturing; Then the concrete fritter is placed the ball grinder of vibromill, do not add under the situation of abrasive media, dry grinding 0.5～2h, after the discharging, with the screening of 4.75mm square hole screen, screened part is standby;
3), with step 2) gained not screened part add ball grinder once more, and add abrasive media, continued ball milling 0.5～1 hour; Still sieve after the discharging with the 4.75mm square hole screen, screened part is still standby, and will not sieve and partly clean 3 times with 200～500ml water, each water lotion all stays with standby, take off layer sediment and under 100～110 ℃, be dried to absolute dry condition, after being cooled to room temperature in the exsiccator, recording quality is maturing coarse aggregate dry mass to be measured, counts m
1
4), with step 2) and step 3) obtain screened part and water lotion and merge and directly under 100～110 ℃, be dried to absolute dry condition, recording quality is maturing tie water to be measured, mortar quality, counts m
2After recording quality, place ball grinder to add ball milling 0.5～2h behind the abrasive media, being milled to particle diameter is below the 75 μ m, and high-speed mixer mixes after the discharging, forms powdered sample to be measured;
5), with the powdered sample sample quarterlies to be measured of step 4), obtain quality and count m
3Powdered sample A, the powdered sample A that obtains 550～650 ℃ of calcinings 1～2 hour down, is cooled to the powder quality that takes by weighing after the room temperature after the calcining and counts m
4, calculate the loss on ignition ratio γ of powdered sample A by formula (1):
γ＝(m
3-m
4)/m
3 (1)
6), with the powdered sample to be measured of step 4), use sample quarterlies again, obtain quality and count m
5Powdered sample B, in described sample B, add the 250ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, described aqueous hydrochloric acid solution is that 36.5% the concentrated hydrochloric acid and the volume ratio of water are 1:8～12 with mass concentration, the back filter paper filtering stirs, filter cake is placed under 1000 ℃ of conditions calcining 2 hours with filter paper after with deionized water wash, the powder quality that takes by weighing after the cooling after the calcining is a maturing immiscible acid part to be measured, counts m
6, calculate insolubles ratio β among the powdered sample B by formula (2):
β＝m
6/m
5 (2)
7), according to step 1)～6) data that record infer the match ratio of maturing according to following formula:
If the mass content of cement is X (%) in the maturing to be measured, aggregate quality content is Y (%), the tie water mass content is Z (%), and be 3% by the loss on ignition ratio b of empirical hypothesis cement, obtain each parameter according to above-mentioned test method, the ratio of cement, aggregate and tie water in the maturing then to be measured and quality can be calculated according to following formula:
The formula that various material usages and match ratio are inferred in the concrete is:
8), according to step 1)～6) record data and step 7) computed information, be calculated as follows the quality of contained cement (C) in the maturing piece, water (W), fine aggregate (S) and coarse aggregate (G) and concrete mix (C: W: S: G):
Coarse aggregate quality G=m
1(6)
The total quality of aggregate is Y (m
1+ m
2)=Y * G
3(7)
The fine aggregate quality is S=Y * G
3-m
1=m
2* β (8)
The tie water quality is W
j=Z * (m
1+ m
2)+G
2-G
3=Z * G
3+ G
2-G
3(9)
The quality of construction water is W=Z * (m
1+ m
2)+G
1-G
3=Z * G
3+ G
1-G
3(10)
The quality C=X of cement * G
3(11)
2, the presuming method of a kind of maturing match ratio as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the time of heating is 3 hours to the described concrete block of step 1) for the second time down at 300～450 ℃.
3, the presuming method of a kind of maturing match ratio as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: step 2) not add the abrasive media ground dry grinding time be 1 hour to described concrete fritter.
4, the presuming method of a kind of maturing match ratio as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the described lower sediment thing is dried to absolute dry condition under 100～110 ℃ time of step 3) is 12～24 hours.
5, the presuming method of a kind of maturing match ratio as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: step 4) is described to place ball grinder to add that the time of ball milling is 1 hour behind the abrasive media screened part.
6, the presuming method of a kind of maturing match ratio as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: the described aqueous hydrochloric acid solution of step 6) with mass concentration be the volume ratio of 36.5% concentrated hydrochloric acid and water be 1: 10 formulated.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101947806A (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2011-01-19 | 徐州建筑职业技术学院 | Method for preparing hard concrete sample |
| CN102095840A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-06-15 | 河海大学 | Method for measuring pH value of carbonated concrete pore solution |
| CN102269682A (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2011-12-07 | 湖南大学 | Method for detecting mineral admixtures in freshly mixed cement paste, mortar and concrete |
| CN103592325A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-19 | 北京工业大学 | Method for determining finely-grinded mineral slag original content in hardened concrete |
| CN103728205A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-16 | 北京工业大学 | Method for determining gas content in hardened concrete |
| CN104390806A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-04 | 广西鱼峰水泥股份有限公司 | Method for reducing cement ignition loss error |
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- 2009-04-23 CN CN2009100980282A patent/CN101539499B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN101947806A (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2011-01-19 | 徐州建筑职业技术学院 | Method for preparing hard concrete sample |
| CN102095840A (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2011-06-15 | 河海大学 | Method for measuring pH value of carbonated concrete pore solution |
| CN102095840B (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2013-07-03 | 河海大学 | Method for measuring pH value of carbonated concrete pore solution |
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| CN102269682B (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2013-05-08 | 湖南大学 | Method for detecting mineral admixtures in freshly mixed cement paste, mortar and concrete |
| CN103592325A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-02-19 | 北京工业大学 | Method for determining finely-grinded mineral slag original content in hardened concrete |
| CN103728205A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-16 | 北京工业大学 | Method for determining gas content in hardened concrete |
| CN104634692A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2015-05-20 | 四川鑫统领建材科技有限公司 | Method for determining cement content of building mortar |
| CN104390806A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-04 | 广西鱼峰水泥股份有限公司 | Method for reducing cement ignition loss error |
| CN106596319A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-04-26 | 山西晋坤矿产品股份有限公司 | Method for detecting acid reaction activity of calcined kaolin |
| JP2018173314A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-11-08 | 住友大阪セメント株式会社 | Method for testing sliding resistance of concrete, method for selecting fine aggregate, and method for manufacturing concrete |
| CN108225967A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-29 | 徐忠卫 | Building stones content test method in the broken gravel material of cement stabilizing |
| CN108225967B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2021-02-12 | 徐忠卫 | Method for testing stone content in cement stable gravel material |
| CN113125296A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-16 | 江苏苏博特新材料股份有限公司 | Method for testing initial mix proportion of hardened concrete |
| CN111141636A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-12 | 中建西部建设湖南有限公司 | Method for measuring content of aged mortar on surface of recycled coarse aggregate |
| CN116434894A (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2023-07-14 | 合肥工业大学 | Mixing proportion design method and manufacturing method of steel slag replaced fine aggregate concrete |
| CN116434894B (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2023-08-11 | 合肥工业大学 | Mixing proportion design method and manufacturing method of steel slag replaced fine aggregate concrete |
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