CN101525998A - Ground signal receiving device for electromagnetic measurement while drilling system and receiving method thereof - Google Patents
Ground signal receiving device for electromagnetic measurement while drilling system and receiving method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device in an electromagnetic measurement while drilling system for receiving an electromagnetic signal with measurement data information sent underground on the ground and transmitting the signal to a data processing computer, and a method thereof. The device uses two antennas in a well field to receive an electromagnetic signal sent underground and a well field noise signal respectively; and the two signals enter a program controlled low noise preamplifier to be amplified through the coupling of an impedance converter, then enter a signal conditioning module for processing, and then enter a digital signal processing module through analog-to-digital conversion, and finally data is transmitted to a computer terminal through an interface module. The device is matched with a downhole electromagnetic signal transmitter to form the electromagnetic measurement while drilling system to form the information communication between underground and ground. The electromagnetic measurement while drilling system is not affected by drilling fluid medium, can perform data transmission without circulating a drilling fluid under any working condition, and can solve the measurement while drilling problem in gas drilling and aerated drilling.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of measurement while-drilling instrument that is used for mineral products and petroleum resources exploration and development, as steering tool (MWD), logging while drilling apparatus (LWD) etc.Relate in particular in a kind of electromagnetic measurement while drilling system and issue the electromagnetic signal of sending up that carries measurement data information, and send them apparatus and method of data handling machine at the ground received well.
Background technology
In drilling projects such as oil, mine, geological prospecting, in order to grasp formation information exactly, and well track is crept into according to the engineering design requirement, need measure geology and project data in time.In addition, also need to be transferred in real time ground by the data that various sensor collected.This real-time DATA REASONING and transmission technology are called measurement while drilling (MWD).
At present, generally adopt drilling fluid pulse to carry out the information transmission on down-hole and ground both at home and abroad, yet, for gas and various aerated mud, because the fluid compressibility is strong, the drilling fluid pulse signal is very weak even can not produce effective pulse signal, so drilling fluid pulse MWD can't operate as normal.Electromagnetic measurement while drilling (EM-MWD) is a new technology that enters industrial applications the eighties in 20th century, can solve the measurement while drilling difficult problem that the drilling fluid pulse mwd system is difficult to go beyond.
The electromagnetic measurement while drilling Study on Technology can be traced back to the thirties in 20th century, and has developed practical EM-MWD system in early 1970s.20th century the mid-80, begun commercially producing and using of EM-MWD system.Particularly, since the nineties in 20th century, abroad each major oil companies has released a series of EM-MWD commercially produced product, and this technology is applied in areas such as European, Canada, South America and Russia rapidly.
The enforcement period of the seventh five-year plan is accompanied by research and the production domesticization work of drilling fluid pulse MWD, and China once carried out feasibility study to the EM-MWD technology.Unit such as The 22nd Reserch Institute Of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation and Harbin Institute of Technology is based on theoretical research and functional trial, the transmission channel and the characteristic of downhole electromagnetic signal have been explored, analyzed signal frequency and formation resistivity the rule that influences, and system power dissipation and noise have been tested signal attenuation.Its research conclusion is: under the condition of formation resistivity greater than 5 Ω m, signal frequency 5-20Hz, zero shellfish signal to noise ratio, electromagnetic signal is feasible at downhole transmitted 3000m.At the beginning of 2006, Oil Exploration in China developmental research institute has succeeded in developing CGDS-I near-bit geological NDS, has realized the measurement while drilling of near-bit geological parameter and engineering parameter.Measurement and transmission motor subsystem has wherein adopted electromagnetic signal short pass technology, is used for drill bit survey data nearly and is sent to the above MWD of down-hole motor, is sent to ground by MWD again.The signal transmission rate of this electromagnetic signal short pass technology generally is no more than 10m greater than 200bit/s, signal transmission distance.
The downhole electromagnetic sender unit of electromagnetic measurement while drilling system needs that is used for down-hole and ground communication, it is modulated to survey data on the carrier signal, with the form emission of electromagnetic signal, the electromagnetic signal channel of forming by drill string, pit shaft and stratum is transferred to ground.Ground receiving wastewater facility is used to receive the electromagnetic signal of being launched by the down-hole, and restores the survey data of down-hole by signal processing technologies such as filtering and demodulation, again by sending data handling machine to.
Ground receiving wastewater facility is the important component part in the electromagnetic measurement while drilling system.Because it is very fast that electromagnetic signal decay in transmission course, add the interference of factors such as noise and echo, the received electromagnetic signal in ground is very faint sometimes, therefore signal is received and detection technique has proposed very high requirement.At present, domestic electromagnetic measurement while drilling system research still is in the starting stage, does not also form commercially produced product.
In prior art, in the documents of application number DE4135708A, what at first the noise reception antenna among noise measuring antenna and the present invention used is the antenna of two kinds of different principle and structure; Moreover both also are different to the removing method of noise, in documents the noise signal that receives and electromagnetic wave signal amplified and carry out noise cancellation in the noise eliminator that enters an analog signal after the processing, what be exactly that its adopts is that the method for adder a kind of hardware, analog signal or subtracter is offset the noise signal in the electromagnetic wave.And noise signal that the present invention receives and electromagnetic wave signal be after carrying out certain amplification, hardware filtering and signal condition, and the mode that two paths of signals is converted into data signal by A/D converter is carried out noise and eliminated and handle.Eliminate to handle and to accomplish more accurate, the noise in the erasure signal more flexibly and adopt digital mode to carry out noise; Owing to being differentiated in different areas and well site interference noise, the digital processing mode can adopt different algorithms according to the characteristics of noise signal, eliminates effect thereby reach best noise, and can accomplish self-adaptive processing in addition.
In addition, though documents and the present invention carry out the processing of noise cancellation to improve signal to noise ratio, but maximum difference is that the method that both eliminate noise or are called noise cancellation is different, what adopt among the DE4135708A is the method for utilizing the plus-minus between the analog signal of out of phase, and what the present invention adopted is digital signal processing method-adaptive noise cancellation technology.Promptly comparing the method, order of its combination, technological means that the realization component function adopted etc. with the present invention is different.
Application number is 200410005527.X, and the signal that its device receives is the carrier being frequency modulated electromagnetic signal that the down-hole sends.The signal demodulation process adopts the traditional technology method of hardware fsk demodulator and wave detector, can only receive the signal that adopts the FSK modulation system.And application number is in 200410004275.9 the technical scheme, and described receiver is mounted in the down-hole and carries out work on drill bit 1-2 cylindrical drill joint quickly, transmits and receives and all is operated in subsurface environment and close proximity.The signal that receives is the carrier being frequency modulated electromagnetic signal that the emitter of the nearly drill bit installation in down-hole sends.The signal demodulation process adopts the traditional technology method of hardware fsk demodulator and wave detector, can only receive the signal that adopts the FSK modulation system.
Summary of the invention
The present invention develops the ground signal receiving system in a kind of electromagnetic measurement while drilling system according to the technical problem that exists in the prior art, and has set up signal reception and detection method.Software and radio technique, auto-adaptive filtering technique and signal coupling technology are adopted in this invention, and the electromagnetic signal that can satisfy under the abominable noise circumstance receives and detects, and electromagnetic measurement while drilling system that can compatible different modulating mode.
The invention provides a kind of ground signal method of reseptance and device of electromagnetic measurement while drilling system, device is not subjected to the influence of drilling fluid medium, under any operating mode, need not circulating fluid and can carry out transfer of data, can solve the measurement while drilling problem in gas drilling and the air-filling well-drilling.
Wherein in order to realize goal of the invention, and the receiving system of development comprises:
Signal receiving end, signal processing unit and signal output unit.
Described signal receiving end is the terrestrial receiving antenna group, comprises electromagnetic signal reception antenna and interference noise reception antenna, is respectively applied for electromagnetic signal, ground interfering signal and the well site interfering noise signal of emission under the received well;
Described signal processing unit comprises double-channel signal coupling device, the program control preamplifier of binary channels, double-channel signal conditioner, double channel A/D converter, DSP circuit and power supply;
Described output unit is used for the signal of described signal processing unit is exported by PORT COM;
Described electromagnetic signal reception antenna and interference noise reception antenna are handled the data that the signal that receives passes through double-channel signal coupling device, the program control preamplifier of binary channels, double-channel signal conditioner, double channel A/D converter, DSP circuit successively, and downhole data signal is exported by PORT COM.
For a kind of effective ground signal receive mode is provided, the present invention is by using two kinds of different antennas received signal and noise respectively.Described electromagnetic signal reception antenna adopts the horizontal polarization receive mode, is asymmetric dipole antenna; Be used to receive the electromagnetic signal and the ground interfering signal that comprise the down-hole emission;
Described interference noise reception antenna adopts one pole vertical polarization receive mode, is passive whip antenna; Be used to receive the well site interfering noise signal.
In the application of reality, described double-channel signal coupling device comprises the signal coupling device of electromagnetic signal passage and the signal coupling device of interfering noise signal passage; Subordinate's circuit is given in the signal coupling that is used for the terrestrial receiving antenna winding is received, and realizes signal amplification, stack and impedance conversion;
The program control preamplifier of described binary channels comprises electromagnetic signal passage preamplifier and interfering noise signal passage preamplifier, is the voltage preamplifier in the binary channels;
Described double-channel signal conditioner comprises the signal conditioner of electromagnetic signal passage and the signal conditioner of interfering noise signal passage; Be used for electromagnetic signal and interfering noise signal are nursed one's health, i.e. filtering power frequency is disturbed, anti-aliasing filter;
Described double channel A/D converter comprises the A/D converter of electromagnetic signal passage and the A/D converter of interfering noise signal passage; Be used for the two paths of signals that the double-channel signal conditioner is sent here is quantized, and give subordinate's circuit bit stream information.
In order to realize linear the amplification, reduce the noise of introducing by amplification channel.In the program control preamplifier of described binary channels, the preamplifier of arbitrary passage comprises that ultra-low noise amplifier, programmable amplifier, 50Hz filling ripple device, high-pass filter, low pass filter, output amplifier and output stage, input mode control circuit, multiplication factor control circuit, filling ripple control circuit, high pass and low pass filter are by frequency control circuit, power circuit;
In order to nurse one's health to signal, in the described double-channel signal conditioner, arbitrary passage comprises active low-pass filter, zeroing circuit and A/D holding circuit;
Described DSP circuit comprises digital signal processor and peripheral circuit, comprising FLASH, SDRAM, crystal oscillator, communication interface etc.; Described DSP circuit adopts radiotechnics, be used for to two paths of signals gather, digital filtering, self-adapted noise elimination, demodulation, decoding and communication.
In order to improve the antijamming capability of device, adopted integrated design.Described device also comprises signal coupling device case and receiver casing; Described signal coupling device case is connected with the receiver casing;
Described signal coupling device case comprises an explosion-proof casing of metal and described double-channel signal coupling device; The explosion-proof casing of described metal has two input and output ports.Two input ports connect described electromagnetic signal reception antenna and interference noise reception antenna by cable respectively; Two output ports are connected to the signal input port of described receiver casing with cable;
Described receiver casing comprises an explosion-proof casing of metal, and the program control preamplifier of described binary channels, double-channel signal conditioner, double channel A/D converter, DSP circuit and power supply and PORT COM all are arranged on receiver casing inside.
And the present invention comprises signal receiving end, signal processing unit and signal output unit according to a kind of method of reseptance that device is adopted in the described method of reseptance;
Described method of reseptance comprises:
1) signals collecting step: receive electromagnetic signal that contains the underground survey data and the interfering signal that from the electromagnetic signal channel of the earth and drill string formation, transmits according to described electromagnetic signal reception antenna and interference noise reception antenna;
2) signal stack and coupling step: the two paths of signals that receives is superposeed and coupling with described double-channel signal coupling device;
3) signal amplification procedure: with the program control preamplifier of described binary channels to the two paths of signals that obtains by coupling amplify, conditioning and quantization operation;
4) signal filtering step: use described double-channel signal conditioner the data signal after quantizing is carried out filtering;
5) signal adaptive noise cancellation step: use the DSP circuit filtered signal is carried out adaptive noise cancellation;
6) signal is separated to be in harmonious proportion and is deciphered step;
7) signal output step: the signal of finishing dealing with is exported by PORT COM.
Stack and coupling described in the above-mentioned steps 2 are that the two paths of signals of importing is entered subordinate's circuit by coupling device; Described in the step 3 two paths of signals amplified, nurses one's health and be quantified as the two paths of signals that coupling is come in and be amplified to 0～5V, signal after the amplification enters described 50 hertz of trappers, 8 rank low pass filters carry out filtering, import the two-way A/D converter then and quantize, and the two ways of digital signals after the output quantification;
Described in the step 4 data signal after quantizing is carried out filtering, by described DSP circuit signal is further carried out filtering, filtered signal carries out adaptive noise cancellation to be handled;
Adaptive noise cancellation described in the step 5 is operating as, and detects and extract useful signal from the environment that signal is flooded by noise;
Described in the step 6 signal is separated mediation decoding, adopt software and radio technique, filtered signal is carried out demodulation, the data flow that obtains after the demodulation is deciphered processing again;
Step 7 will send to data handling machine by communication interface through obtaining survey data after the decoding.
Apparatus and method among the present invention are in electromagnetic signal and the well site noise signal of using two width of cloth antennas to send under the received well respectively on the well site; Two paths of signals is by the impedance transformer coupling; Entering program control low-noise preamplifier afterwards amplifies, after after analog-to-digital conversion, enter digital signal processing module again after entering the signal condition resume module, comprise digital filtering, adaptive noise cancellation, differential coherent demodulation, software Viterbi decoding, after interface module is sent to terminal with data.The present invention cooperates the downhole electromagnetic signal transmitter to constitute electromagnetic measurement while drilling system, to form the information communication on down-hole and ground.Electromagnetic measurement while drilling system is not subjected to the influence of drilling fluid medium, need not circulating fluid and can carry out transfer of data under any operating mode, can solve the measurement while drilling problem in gas drilling and the air-filling well-drilling.Improve the receiving ability of signal and the detectability under the strong noise environment, can improve fathoming of electromagnetic measurement while drilling system; Adopt the modulation coding mode that radiotechnics can compatible various underground signals, and can expand its function and the scope of application.Can be applicable to the data communication on the underground and ground of industries such as oil, mine, geological prospecting.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of receiving system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of receiving system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that the terrestrial receiving antenna group is arranged schematic diagram in the receiving system of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic flow sheet of method of reseptance of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of adaptive noise cancellation process among the present invention;
More than each width of cloth accompanying drawing will describe in conjunction with the following specific embodiment.
The specific embodiment
Receiving system of the present invention comprises: signal receiving end, signal processing unit and signal output unit.
Described signal receiving end is the terrestrial receiving antenna group, comprises electromagnetic signal reception antenna and interference noise reception antenna, is respectively applied for electromagnetic signal, ground interfering signal and the well site interfering noise signal of emission under the received well;
Described signal processing unit comprises double-channel signal coupling device, the program control preamplifier of binary channels, double-channel signal conditioner, double channel A/D converter, DSP circuit and power supply;
Described output unit is used for the signal of described signal processing unit is exported by PORT COM;
Described electromagnetic signal reception antenna and interference noise reception antenna are handled the data that the signal that receives passes through double-channel signal coupling device, the program control preamplifier of binary channels, double-channel signal conditioner, double channel A/D converter, DSP circuit successively, and downhole data signal is exported by PORT COM.
Wherein,
1, electromagnetic signal reception antenna: adopt the horizontal polarization receive mode, antenna is made up of two metal bars and stube cable, be arranged in ground apart two of certain distance bury ground electrode; The signal that receives comprises the electromagnetic signal and the ground interfering signal of down-hole emission, and the signal that receives is delivered to the signal coupling device of electromagnetic signal passage by stube cable;
2, interference noise reception antenna: adopt the vertical modes of emplacement in ground, form by passive whip antenna; Receive the well site interfering noise signal, and the signal that receives is delivered to the signal coupling device of interference noise passage by stube cable;
3, double-channel signal coupling device: the coupling device that arbitrary passage comprised is identical on performance and structure.Give subordinate's circuit with the signal coupling that two width of cloth antennas receive, and realize signal amplification, stack and impedance conversion.
4, the program control preamplifier of binary channels: two passages have the program-controlled voltage preamplifier of identical enlargement ratio.The arbitrary passage of preamplifier is made up of by frequency control circuit, power circuit ultra-low noise amplifier, programmable amplifier, 50Hz filling ripple device, high-pass filter, low pass filter, output amplifier and output stage, input mode control circuit, multiplication factor control circuit, filling ripple control circuit, high pass and low pass filter.A channel amplifies the electromagnetic signal voltage that has received, and the B passage amplifies the noise voltage that has received.Realize linear the amplification, reduce the noise of introducing by amplification channel.
5, twin-channel signal conditioner: arbitrary passage comprises active low-pass filter, zeroing circuit and A/D holding circuit, divides A, B two symmetric channels, and A channel is nursed one's health the electromagnetic signal that receives: the filtering power frequency is disturbed, anti-aliasing filter; The B passage is nursed one's health through row the noise that receives, and further the filtering power frequency is disturbed, and anti-aliasing filter makes broadband noise become narrow-band noise, satisfies the requirement of back level adaptation de-noising.
6, double channel A/D converter: finish the quantification of the two paths of signals that the double-channel signal conditioner is sent here, and give subordinate's circuit with the bit stream information that obtains.
7, DSP circuit: by digital signal processor, its model is that peripheral circuits such as TMS320VC5509A and FLASH, SDRAM, crystal oscillator, communication interface are formed, and the combining wireless power technology, mainly finish the two paths of signals collection, digital filtering, self-adapted noise elimination, demodulation, decoding, communication work.
8, power supply and communication interface: power supply provides the power supply supply for receiver, and communication interface passes to data handling machine with the data that receive.
9, signal coupling device case: comprise an explosion-proof casing of metal and within it portion described two signal coupling devices are installed, two input and output ports are arranged respectively.Input port connects electromagnetic signal antenna and potato masher antenna with cable; Output port is connected to the signal input port of receiver casing with cable.
10, receiver casing: comprise that an explosion-proof casing of metal and box house comprise the program control preamplifier of binary channels, double-channel signal conditioner, double channel A/D converter, DSP circuit and power supply and PORT COM.
In the present invention,
(1) under prerequisite according to the ground method of reseptance of setting up a kind of effective down-hole emission electromagnetic signal, be transferred to the Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic signal of very faint (the microvolt level signal) that be attenuated on ground at the channel that passes through drill string and stratum formation of down-hole emission, and under the very abundant again situation of the various interfering signals on ground, the present invention provides a kind of effective ground signal method of reseptance, by using two kinds of different antennas received signal and noise respectively, the signal that receives after the signal coupling device enters the program control preamplifier of low noise and amplifies again entering signal conditioning and sample circuit handle, the signal after the quantification enters the DSP circuit and utilizes radiotechnics to carry out filtering at last, adaptive noise cancellation, separate to be in harmonious proportion to decipher and finish dealing with the reception of signal.In actual applications, the very low frequencies carrier signal that has the underground survey data is transferred to ground by the electromagnetic signal channel that drill string and stratum constitute, it is very faint and be submerged in various noises and the interfering signal to be subjected to the decay of channel in transmission course, poor signal to noise, being reflected on the performance of receiving system is the increase of the bit error rate, in order to reduce the bit error rate of receiving system, need carry out suitable processing and noise filtering to signal, improve signal to noise ratio.Particular content is as follows:
1. the layout of reception antenna and signal coupling
Terrestrial receiving antenna comprises electromagnetic signal reception antenna 1 and interference reception antenna 2, and the electromagnetic signal reception antenna is asymmetric dipole antenna, and horizontal polarization receives, and collecting electrode is embedding underground, and two electrodes are separated by a distance.Disturbing reception antenna is the one pole vertical polarized antenna, and vertically place on ground relatively.The signal that the two-way antenna receives enters follow-up program control preamplifier 5 and 6 by coupling device 3 and 4 and amplifies processing.Wherein coupling device has the effect that makes antenna and before put impedance matching.
2. the filtering of signal
Because useful signal is very low frequencies signal a 2～30Hz, so any HFS in the signal all is to disturb.For filtering High-frequency Interference as much as possible, used the hardware and software dual mode that signal has been carried out LPF.Wherein the anti-aliasing low pass filter of hardware is realized in signal conditioner 7 and 8, adopt the fertile active low-pass filter now of 8 rank Barts to realize, enter DSP circuit 12 after signal behind the process hardware filtering quantizes by A/ D converter 9 and 10 and carry out software filtering, software filtering can be chosen window function and parameter designing flexibly or change wave filter etc.In order to obtain good filtering effect, this method has adopted 100 rank FIR filtering.
3. software demodulation and decoding
The useful signal that extracts in the adaptive noise cancellation is carried out software demodulation and decoding according to the modulation system of signal.Owing to adopted wireless technology, only need select different separating to be in harmonious proportion decoding algorithm for the signal that adopts different modulating and coded system and just can finish separating of signal be in harmonious proportion and decipher.Modulation system as signal is 2DPSK, coded system is a convolutional encoding, just can select corresponding differential coherent demodulation algorithm and Viterbi decoding algorithm to come signal is handled, the survey data that obtains after the processing just can send data handling machine to by communication interface.
Method of reseptance of the present invention comprises,
1) signals collecting step: receive electromagnetic signal that contains the underground survey data and the interfering signal that from the electromagnetic signal channel of the earth and drill string formation, transmits according to described electromagnetic signal reception antenna and interference noise reception antenna;
2) signal stack and coupling step: the two paths of signals that receives is superposeed and coupling with described double-channel signal coupling device;
3) signal amplification procedure: with the program control preamplifier of described binary channels to the two paths of signals that obtains by coupling amplify, conditioning and quantization operation;
4) signal filtering step: use described double-channel signal conditioner the data signal after quantizing is carried out filtering;
5) signal adaptive noise cancellation step: use the DSP circuit filtered signal is carried out adaptive noise cancellation;
6) signal is separated to be in harmonious proportion and is deciphered step;
7) signal output step: the signal of finishing dealing with is exported by PORT COM.
Wherein,
1 signals collecting step, two dissimilar antennas of use receive the signal from the down-hole transmission that the down-hole of not containing or containing seldom sends the well site interference noise of signal and contains noise respectively on ground, and two paths of signals is connected to subordinate's circuit by cable.
2 signals stacks and coupling step enter subordinate's circuit from the two paths of signals of antenna by coupling device, and coupling device can be offset the interference noise in the part signal and be made antenna and the late-class circuit impedance matching.
3 signal amplification procedures, the two paths of signals that coupling is come in is amplified to 0～5V, and the multiplying power of amplification automaticallyes switch; Signal after the amplification enters the 50 hertz of trappers, the 8 rank low pass filters that are made of hardware circuit and carries out filtering, enters 2 road A/D converters then and quantizes, the two ways of digital signals after output quantizes.
4 signal filtering steps constitute wave digital lowpass filter by dsp processor signal are further carried out filtering, adopt the FIR filtering algorithm, and cut-off frequency is 30 hertz, and filtered signal enters adaptive noise cancellation and handles.
5 signal adaptive noise cancellation steps, auto is meant and detects and extract useful signal from the environment that signal is flooded by noise, and adaptive cancellation is to be to handle object with the noise, they are curbed or carry out very large decay, to improve the signal to noise ratio quality of signal transmission and reception.The adaptive noise interference offset device is based on a kind of expansion of sef-adapting filter principle, briefly, the desired signal input d (n) of sef-adapting filter is changed into the original input that signal plus noise disturbs, and its input changes the noise end into, regulate output by the parameter of transversal filter and balance out with the noise with original input, this time error output has been exactly useful signal.
6 signals are separated to be in harmonious proportion and are deciphered step and signal output step, adopt radiotechnics, and filtered signal is carried out software demodulation, and the algorithm of demodulation is optional, can select corresponding demodulating algorithm according to the modulation system that signal adopted; The data flow that obtains after the demodulation is deciphered processing again, and decoding algorithm also is optional, according to the corresponding decoding algorithm of the coding mode selection of received signal; To send to data handling machine by communication interface through obtaining survey data after the decoding.
Wherein, described radiotechnics is meant: in digit wireless communication system, digital modulation and demodulation technology utilization digital method is realized the modulation of signal, not only can be more problem such as accurate processing signals phase place, improve performances such as band system band width, but also the method that digital circuit easy to use and software combine, for the software implementation of systemic-function realizes providing possibility.This device uses the DSP disposable plates to adopt this technology to realize compatible multiple modulation system and coded system, and at any time its software of online upgrading to expand the function of this device.
Described demodulating algorithm is optional, the method of this device has the demodulating algorithm that adapts to multiple signal modulation system in the prior art, can set by method and select different algorithms,, improve the compliance of this device so that receive the signal that adopts the different modulating mode to launch.
Described decoding algorithm is optional, the method of this device has the decoding algorithm that adapts to multiple signal coded system in the prior art, can select different algorithms by method,, improve the compliance of this device so that receive the signal that adopts the different coding mode to launch.
The schematic diagram of relevant adaptive noise cancellation among Fig. 5.Because useful signal is usually flooded by noise or interference, poor signal to noise, being reflected on the performance of receiving system is the increase of the bit error rate, in order to reduce the bit error rate of receiving system, need carry out noise filtering to signal, improve signal to noise ratio, adaptive noise cancellation is a kind of effective noise filtering method, can effectively improve signal to noise ratio.
The noise here comprises has a mind to or interference unintentionally, can the incoherent noise n of affix when signal is sent to sensor
0, the signal s+n of merging
0To Canceller, second sensor received noise n from original input
1, n
1S is uncorrelated with signal, but and n
0The relevant of certain the unknown arranged.n
1Output y and n through the filtering generation
0Very similar.This y is by from original input s+n
0In deduct, obtain system output s+n
0-y.
In the adaptive cancellation system that Fig. 5 shows, with reference to the wave filter of input by the shock response of least-mean-square error algorithm automatic regulating system, utilize error signal to regulate its weighted vector through adaptive algorithm, so that wave filter provides desired output, this output and n
0Correlated components subtract each other, obtain error minimize.
Suppose s, n
0, n
1, y fixes on statistics, and average is 0, supposes s and n again
0, n
1Uncorrelated, n only
0With n
1Relevant, output error is
ε＝s+n
0-y
With behind the following formula both sides square, obtain
ε
2＝s
2+(n
0-y)
2+2s(n
0-y)
Both sides are peeked hope in term, because s and n
0, y is uncorrelated, so have
E[ε
2]＝E[s
2]+E[(n
0-y)
2]+2E[s(n
0-y)]
＝E[s
2]+E[(n
0-y)
2]
When the parameter of regulating wave filter makes E[ε
2] when minimizing, do not wish signal energy E[s
2] can be affected, thereby make minimum output energy be:
E
min[ε
2]＝E[s
2]+E
min[(n
0-y)
2]
When changing, filter parameter makes E[ε
2] when reducing, E[(n
0-y)
2] also be reduced simultaneously, wave filter output y is noise n in the original input
0Minimum variance estimate.This means E[(n
0-y)
2] when minimizing, E[(ε-s)
2] also be minimum, therefore, by formula ε=s+n
0-y obtains
(ε-s)＝(n
0-y)
For given sef-adapting filter structure and controllability, and given reference input, regulate filter parameter, make its output energy minimization, this is equivalent to and makes output error ε is the minimum variance estimate of signal s, output error ε mainly comprises signal s and some noises, by formula (ε-s)=(n
0-y) as can be known, output noise is (n
0-y); Since E[is ε
2] and E[(n
0-y)
2] minimized, the power of output noise will minimize; And signal is constant in output, so power output minimizes the situation that is equivalent to the signal to noise ratio maximum.
From formula E[ε
2]=E[s
2]+E[(n
0-y)
2]+2E[s (n
0-y)] as can be known, minimum possible power output is E
Min[ε
2]=E[s
2], when reaching this point, E[(n
0-y)
2]=0, therefore, y=n
0, at this moment ε=s, minimizes power output and makes output not have noise fully, and this is the ideal situation of adaptive-filtering.
As can be seen, use suitable reception antenna form, can obtain one the tunnel is mainly to contain simultaneously that partial noise is disturbed and another road mainly is that noise signal contains a small amount of useful signal two paths of signals of (ideally not containing useful signal) with the useful signal, this two paths of signals is carried out adaptive-filtering as the original input and the reference input of adaptive noise interference offset device respectively, can improve the signal to noise ratio of output signal.
Technique scheme is one embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, on the basis that the invention discloses application process and principle, be easy to make various types of improvement or distortion, and be not limited only to the described method of the above-mentioned specific embodiment of the present invention, therefore previously described mode is preferably, and does not have restrictive meaning.
Claims (7)
- The ground signal receiving system of 1 one kinds of electromagnetic measurement while drilling systems, described device comprises signal receiving end, signal processing unit and signal output unit; It is characterized in that,Described signal receiving end is the terrestrial receiving antenna group, comprises electromagnetic signal reception antenna and interference noise reception antenna, is respectively applied for electromagnetic signal, ground interfering signal and the well site interfering noise signal of emission under the received well;Described signal processing unit comprises double-channel signal coupling device, the program control preamplifier of binary channels, double-channel signal conditioner, double channel A/D converter, DSP circuit and power supply;Described output unit is used for the signal of described signal processing unit is exported by PORT COM;Described electromagnetic signal reception antenna and interference noise reception antenna are handled the data that the signal that receives passes through double-channel signal coupling device, the program control preamplifier of binary channels, double-channel signal conditioner, double channel A/D converter, DSP circuit successively, and downhole data signal is exported by PORT COM.
- The 2 ground signal receiving systems according to the described a kind of electromagnetic measurement while drilling system of claim 1 is characterized in that,Described electromagnetic signal reception antenna adopts the horizontal polarization receive mode, is asymmetric dipole antenna; Be used to receive the electromagnetic signal and the ground interfering signal that comprise the down-hole emission;Described interference noise reception antenna adopts one pole vertical polarization receive mode, is passive whip antenna; Be used to receive the well site interfering noise signal.
- The 3 ground signal receiving systems according to claim 1 or 2 described a kind of electromagnetic measurement while drilling systems is characterized in that,Described double-channel signal coupling device comprises the signal coupling device of electromagnetic signal passage and the signal coupling device of interfering noise signal passage; Subordinate's circuit is given in the signal coupling that is used for the terrestrial receiving antenna winding is received, and realizes signal amplification, stack and impedance conversion;The program control preamplifier of described binary channels comprises electromagnetic signal passage preamplifier and interfering noise signal passage preamplifier, is the voltage preamplifier in the binary channels;Described double-channel signal conditioner comprises the signal conditioner of electromagnetic signal passage and the signal conditioner of interfering noise signal passage; Be used for electromagnetic signal and interfering noise signal are nursed one's health, i.e. filtering power frequency is disturbed, anti-aliasing filter;Described double channel A/D converter comprises the A/D converter of electromagnetic signal passage and the A/D converter of interfering noise signal passage; Be used for the two paths of signals that the double-channel signal conditioner is sent here is quantized, and give subordinate's circuit bit stream information.
- The 4 ground signal receiving systems according to claim 1 or 3 described a kind of electromagnetic measurement while drilling systems is characterized in that,In the program control preamplifier of described binary channels, the preamplifier of arbitrary passage comprises that ultra-low noise amplifier, programmable amplifier, 50Hz filling ripple device, high-pass filter, low pass filter, output amplifier and output stage, input mode control circuit, multiplication factor control circuit, filling ripple control circuit, high pass and low pass filter are by frequency control circuit, power circuit;In the described double-channel signal conditioner, arbitrary passage comprises active low-pass filter, zeroing circuit and A/D holding circuit;Described DSP circuit comprises digital signal processor and peripheral circuit; Described DSP circuit adopts radiotechnics, be used for to two paths of signals gather, digital filtering, self-adapted noise elimination, demodulation, decoding and communication.
- The 5 ground signal receiving systems according to claim 1 or 3 described a kind of electromagnetic measurement while drilling systems is characterized in that,Described device also comprises signal coupling device case and receiver casing; Described signal coupling device case is connected with the receiver casing;Described signal coupling device case comprises an explosion-proof casing of metal and described double-channel signal coupling device; The explosion-proof casing of described metal has two input and output ports.Two input ports connect described electromagnetic signal reception antenna and interference noise reception antenna by cable respectively; Two output ports are connected to the signal input port of described receiver casing with cable;Described receiver casing comprises an explosion-proof casing of metal, and the program control preamplifier of described binary channels, double-channel signal conditioner, double channel A/D converter, DSP circuit and power supply and PORT COM all are arranged on receiver casing inside.
- The 6 a kind of method of reseptances that adopted according to the ground signal receiving system of the described a kind of electromagnetic measurement while drilling system of claim 1～5 comprise signal receiving end in the described method of reseptance, signal processing unit and signal output unit;It is characterized in that described method of reseptance comprises:1) signals collecting step: receive electromagnetic signal that contains the underground survey data and the interfering signal that from the electromagnetic signal channel of the earth and drill string formation, transmits according to described electromagnetic signal reception antenna and interference noise reception antenna;2) signal stack and coupling step: the two paths of signals that receives is superposeed and coupling with described double-channel signal coupling device;3) signal amplification procedure: with the program control preamplifier of described binary channels to the two paths of signals that obtains by coupling amplify, conditioning and quantization operation;4) signal filtering step: use described double-channel signal conditioner the data signal after quantizing is carried out filtering;5) signal adaptive noise cancellation step: use the DsP circuit filtered signal is carried out adaptive noise cancellation;6) signal is separated to be in harmonious proportion and is deciphered step;7) signal output step: the signal of finishing dealing with is exported by PORT COM.
- The 7 ground signal method of reseptances according to the described a kind of electromagnetic measurement while drilling system of claim 6 is characterized in that, in the described method of reseptance:Stack and coupling described in the step 2 are that the two paths of signals of importing is entered subordinate's circuit by coupling device; Described in the step 3 two paths of signals amplified, nurses one's health and be quantified as the two paths of signals that coupling is come in and be amplified to 0～5V, signal after the amplification enters described 50 hertz of trappers, 8 rank low pass filters carry out filtering, import the two-way A/D converter then and quantize, and the two ways of digital signals after the output quantification;Described in the step 4 data signal after quantizing is carried out filtering, by described DSP circuit signal is further carried out filtering, filtered signal carries out adaptive noise cancellation to be handled;Adaptive noise cancellation described in the step 5 is operating as, and detects and extract useful signal from the environment that signal is flooded by noise;Described in the step 6 signal is separated mediation decoding, adopt software and radio technique, filtered signal is carried out demodulation, the data flow that obtains after the demodulation is deciphered processing again;Step 7 will send to data handling machine by communication interface through obtaining survey data after the decoding.
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