CN101512169A - Roller bearing, retainer segment for wind-power plant spindle supporting roller bearing, and spindle supporting structure of wind-power plant - Google Patents

Roller bearing, retainer segment for wind-power plant spindle supporting roller bearing, and spindle supporting structure of wind-power plant Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101512169A
CN101512169A CNA2007800333120A CN200780033312A CN101512169A CN 101512169 A CN101512169 A CN 101512169A CN A2007800333120 A CNA2007800333120 A CN A2007800333120A CN 200780033312 A CN200780033312 A CN 200780033312A CN 101512169 A CN101512169 A CN 101512169A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
retainer portion
roller bearing
tapered roller
retainer
roller
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
CNA2007800333120A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN101512169B (en
Inventor
大本达也
中沟荣一
坂口智也
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NTN Corp
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NTN Corp
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Priority claimed from JP2006244396A external-priority patent/JP5354849B2/en
Priority claimed from JP2006244397A external-priority patent/JP4308234B2/en
Priority claimed from JP2006352462A external-priority patent/JP2008163999A/en
Priority claimed from JP2007148352A external-priority patent/JP4231082B2/en
Priority claimed from JP2007148353A external-priority patent/JP4105750B1/en
Application filed by NTN Corp filed Critical NTN Corp
Publication of CN101512169A publication Critical patent/CN101512169A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/51—Cages for rollers or needles formed of unconnected members
    • F16C33/513—Cages for rollers or needles formed of unconnected members formed of arcuate segments for carrying one or more rollers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
    • C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/70—Bearing or lubricating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/36—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
    • F16C19/364—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F16C19/383—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F16C19/385—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings
    • F16C19/386—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings in O-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/4617—Massive or moulded cages having cage pockets surrounding the rollers, e.g. machined window cages
    • F16C33/4623—Massive or moulded cages having cage pockets surrounding the rollers, e.g. machined window cages formed as one-piece cages, i.e. monoblock cages
    • F16C33/4635—Massive or moulded cages having cage pockets surrounding the rollers, e.g. machined window cages formed as one-piece cages, i.e. monoblock cages made from plastic, e.g. injection moulded window cages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/467—Details of individual pockets, e.g. shape or roller retaining means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/56—Selection of substances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/063—Fixing them on the shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • F16C41/04—Preventing damage to bearings during storage or transport thereof or when otherwise out of use
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
    • F16C43/04—Assembling rolling-contact bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/20—Geometry three-dimensional
    • F05B2250/23—Geometry three-dimensional prismatic
    • F05B2250/232—Geometry three-dimensional prismatic conical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/50—Intrinsic material properties or characteristics
    • F05B2280/5003—Expansivity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05B2280/6015—Resin
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2251/00—Material properties
    • F05C2251/04—Thermal properties
    • F05C2251/042—Expansivity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
    • F05C2253/20—Resin
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
    • F16C2208/36—Polyarylene ether ketones [PAEK], e.g. PEK, PEEK
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/46—Gap sizes or clearances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
    • F16C2300/10—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to size
    • F16C2300/14—Large applications, e.g. bearings having an inner diameter exceeding 500 mm
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/31—Wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/467—Details of individual pockets, e.g. shape or roller retaining means
    • F16C33/4676—Details of individual pockets, e.g. shape or roller retaining means of the stays separating adjacent cage pockets, e.g. guide means for the bearing-surface of the rollers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

A tapered roller bearing (31a) has a plurality of retainer segments (11a, 11d) each having a pocket to house a tapered roller (34a), and arranged so as to be continuously lined with each other in a circumferential direction between an outer ring (32a) and an inner ring (33a). The retainer segment (11a, 11d) is formed of a resin containing a filler material to lower a thermal linear expansion coefficient. In addition, a clearance (39a) is provided between the first retainer segment (11a) and the last retainer segment (11d) after the plurality of retainer segments (11a, 11d) have been arranged in the circumferential direction without providing any clearance. Here a circumferential range (R) of the clearance (39a) is larger than 0.075% of a circumference of a circle passing through a center of the retainer segment (11a, 11d) and smaller than 0.12% thereof at room temperature.

Description

Roller bearing, wind driven generator principal shaft supporting the retainer portion of roller bearing and the spindle support structure of wind-driven generator
Technical field
The present invention relates to roller bearing, wind driven generator principal shaft supporting the retainer portion of roller bearing and the spindle support structure of wind-driven generator, relate in particular in upwards configuration of week, form the wind driven generator principal shaft supporting of a retainer with the retainer portion of roller bearing, comprise such wind driven generator principal shaft supporting roller bearing of retainer portion of roller bearing and the spindle support structure of wind-driven generator.
Background technique
Roller bearing generally includes: outer ring, inner ring, a plurality of rollers that dispose between outer ring and inner ring and the retainer that keeps a plurality of rollers.Retainer usually by one-piece type be that parts of ring-type constitute.
The roller bearing of main shaft of the wind-driven generator of the blade that is used to accept wind is installed about supporting, need bears big loading, therefore, it is large-scale that roller bearing self also becomes.Then each component parts of formation such as roller or retainer roller bearing also becomes large-scale, is difficult to carry out the production or the assembling of parts if like that.In this case, if can cut apart each parts, then production or assembling become easy.
At this, about utilizing along the upwardly extending cutting lines in side of the spin axis of bearing, the technology of having cut apart the Splittable retainer of the retainer that is contained in roller bearing is disclosed among the European patent communique 1408248A2.Figure 39 is illustrated in the stereogram that disclosed Splittable retainer is a retainer portion among the European patent communique 1408248A2.With reference to Figure 39 as can be known, the 101a of retainer portion has: the mode of accommodating a plurality of recesses 104 of roller with formation, along the upwardly extending a plurality of post 103a of portion in side of the spin axis of bearing, 103b, 103c, 103d, 103e with to link the mode of a plurality of post 103a～103e of portion, at upwardly extending linking department 102a of week, 102b.
Figure 40 is the sectional drawing of a part of the tapered roller bearing of the expression 101a of retainer portion shown in Figure 39.With reference to Figure 39 and Figure 40, the structure that the tapered roller bearing 111 that comprises the 101a of retainer portion is described is as follows, and tapered roller bearing 111 has: outer ring 11e, inner ring 113, a plurality of tapered roller 114 and keep a plurality of retainer 101a of portion, 101b, the 101c etc. of a plurality of tapered rollers 114.A plurality of tapered rollers 114 are near the most stable position of the action of roller is PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) 105, by maintenances such as a plurality of retainer 101a of portion.Keep the 101a of retainer portion of a plurality of tapered rollers 114 be configured to the 101b of retainer portion, the 101c of the same shape of the adjacency that makes progress in week be positioned at the circumferential outermost post 103a of portion, 103e butt ground and be connected.Connect a plurality of retainer 101a of portion, 101b, 101c etc., the tapered roller bearing 111 of packing into forms a ring-type retainer that is contained in tapered roller bearing 111.
According to European patent communique 1408248A2 as can be known, when disposing making progress each retainer portion of threaded tree fat system week, the last slit that produces between the retainer portion of beginning and last retainer portion is of a size of below 0.15% of circumference by the circle of the central authorities of retainer portion, and less than 1%.By such formation, the collision sound when preventing between the retainer portion to collide etc., and, gluing between the retainer portion when preventing thermal expansion.Also have, in European patent communique 1408248A2, make retainer portion by polyphenylene sulfide (below, be called " PPS ") or polyether-ether-ketone (below, be called " PEEK ").
At this,, can not tackle the following problems that the inventor has in mind even circumferential slit is made as such number range.Figure 41 is that expression is with the summary section of tapered roller bearing 111 as the part of the tapered roller bearing 111 under the situation of the bearing of the main shaft of supporting wind power generation machine.Also have, be easy to viewpoint, the slit 115 that produces between the 101a of retainer portion, the 101c is amplified and illustrate from understanding.
With reference to Figure 41 as can be known, the main shaft 110 that is supported on the wind-driven generator of tapered roller bearing 111 is used in transverse axis.When the use of tapered roller bearing 111, carry out revolution motion on the 101a～101c of the retainer portion direction that for example arrow in Figure 41 is.The revolution motion of the 101a～101c of retainer portion carries out to the mode that the direction of arrow is pushed successively with the 101a～101c of retainer portion with each 101a of retainer portion～101c adjacency.In this case, for example, the part shown in the XXXXI in Figure 41, tapered roller or the 101a of retainer portion free fall.If like that, then collide between the 101a of retainer portion, the 101c, the distortion of the generation retainer 101a of portion, 101c or the wearing and tearing of end face, collision sound etc., the function of tapered roller bearing 111 may reduce significantly.
Under with the situation of tapered roller bearing 111 as the bearing of the main shaft 110 of supporting wind power generation machine, the 101a～101c self of retainer portion also becomes large-scale, and therefore, the problem that the collision during free fall causes is big.Thereby the size in the slit of afore mentioned rules is also insufficient, need and then reduce circumferential slit.But, in resinous retainer portion, also there is the influence of thermal expansion, also there is the limit aspect the size that reduces circumferential slit.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the roller bearing of the reduction that can prevent function.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the possibility of the breakage that reduces retainer portion, the roller bearing that roller is rolled sleekly.
Another purpose again of the present invention is to provide the wind driven generator principal shaft supporting of reduction of the function that can prevent bearing with the retainer portion of roller bearing.
Another purpose again of the present invention is to provide and reduces damaged possibility, the wind driven generator principal shaft supporting that roller is rolled the sleekly retainer portion of roller bearing.
Another purpose again of the present invention is to provide the spindle support structure of the wind-driven generator of the reduction that can prevent function.
Another purpose again of the present invention is to provide the spindle support structure of the wind-driven generator that can realize long lifetime.
Roller bearing of the present invention, it possesses: the outer ring; Inner ring; The a plurality of rollers that between outer ring and inner ring, dispose; Have the recess of accommodating roller, and a plurality of retainer portion that between outer ring and inner ring, disposes along circumferentially connecting successively.The resin system of reduction based on the packing material of the linear expansion coeffcient of heat contained in retainer portion.In addition, with a plurality of retainer portion along circumferentially seamlessly under the situation of configuration, between the retainer portion of the retainer portion of configuration at first and configuration in the end, have the slit.At this, at room temperature, the circumferential size in slit is greater than 0.075% of the circumference of the circle of the central authorities by retainer portion, and less than 0.12%.
Like this, by with the material of retainer portion as containing the resin system of reduction based on the packing material of the linear expansion coeffcient of heat, can reduce the dimensional changes that the thermal expansion of retainer portion causes.If like that, then compare, can reduce the circumferential slit that between retainer portion, produces with the scope of in European patent communique 1408248A2, stipulating.
At this, in outer ring that tapered roller bearing possesses or bearing component parts such as inner ring, the tapered roller steel that is generally case hardening steel etc. and so on.Such bearing component parts such as outer ring also come thermal expansion by temperature variation.At this, if consider retainer portion based on the linear expansion coeffcient of heat and the linear expansion coeffcient based on heat of bearing component parts, then in actual behaviour in service, the size in the circumferential slit under the room temperature can be decreased to the central authorities by retainer portion circle circumference 0.075%.That is, by making circumferential slit greater than 0.075% of circumference, the circumferential size in slit becomes negative, and is adjacent between the retainer portion, can avoid gluing state.
In addition, in being used in the tapered roller bearing of such use, the retainer that is made of a plurality of retainer portion preferably makes safety coefficient big from improving the viewpoint of durability, reliability.The safety coefficient of retainer is that the size in circumferential slit is more little, and its value is big more.The safety coefficient of retainer requires more than 4.0 from the fatigue strength of the material of retainer portion and the viewpoints such as stress that produce in retainer portion.At this, be made as 0.012% little than the circumference of the circle of the central authorities by retainer portion by circumferential size with the slit under the room temperature, safety coefficient can be guaranteed to be more than 4.0.If like that, then can avoid comprising appropriate situation of intensive properties that collision the problems referred to above, between the retainer portion etc. causes.
Like this with the material of retainer portion as containing the resin system of reduction based on the packing material of the linear expansion coeffcient of heat, circumferential slit between the retainer portion as above-mentioned scope, can be prevented the not properly circumferential adjacent distortion that causes between situation etc. or the retainer portion etc. of intensive properties that the collision between the retainer portion causes thus.Thereby, can prevent to possess the reduction of function of the roller bearing of such retainer portion.
At this, retainer portion is having the mode of a recess of accommodating roller at least, a ring-type retainer is used in the unit bodies of cutting apart along the cutting lines of the extension of the spin axis of bearing.In addition, when the retainer portion that opens is meant retainer portion is disposed upwards connecting successively in week, Pei Zhi retainer portion at first, last retainer portion is the retainer portion butt of instigating adjacency, when disposing upwards connecting successively in week, Pei Zhi retainer portion at last.A plurality of retainer portion was upwards connected in week, and the roller bearing of packing into constitutes the retainer of a ring-type.
Preferred packing material contains any of carbon fiber or glass fibre at least.Such packing material is fibrous, and successively, the linear expansion coeffcient that can reduce effectively based on heat is a thermal expansion coefficient.
And then preferred resin is PEEK.PEEK compares with other resins, can reduce thermal expansion coefficient, easily contains packing material, reduces thermal expansion coefficient.
And then the linear expansion coeffcient based on heat of preferred resin is 1.3 * 10 -5/ ℃ more than and 1.7 * 10 -5/ ℃ below.Usually use steel such as case hardening steel at the linear expansion coeffcient that constitutes bearing.The linear expansion coeffcient based on heat of such steel is 1.12. * 10 -5/ ℃ about.Thereby, be made as above-mentioned scope by linear expansion coeffcient based on heat with resin, can be in actual behaviour in service, allow with bearing component parts such as outer ring, poor based on the linear expansion coeffcient of heat.Also have, the linear expansion coeffcient based on heat of above-mentioned PEEK is about 4.7 * 10 -5/ ℃, the linear expansion coeffcient based on heat of PPS is about 5.0 * 10 -5/ ℃.
And then the filling ratio of the packing material in the preferred resin is more than the 20 weight % and below the 40 weight %.Be made as above-mentioned scope by the filling ratio with the packing material in the resin, other that can not bring into play that the filling of packing material causes are appropriate situations, can reduce the thermal expansion coefficient of resin significantly.
And then preferred roller is a tapered roller.The roller bearing that is used in the main shaft etc. of above-mentioned wind-driven generator need bear big moment loading or axially loading, radially loading etc.At this,, can bear big moment loading etc. by roller is made as tapered roller.
And then preferred retainer portion has: accommodate the mode of the recess of roller with formation, in the upwardly extending a plurality of post portion along the side of the spin axis of bearing; And with the mode that links this a plurality of post portion linking department along extending circumferentially.Retainer portion guide rolls.Side wall surface in post portion is provided with: a guiding pawl with the contacting part that contacts with roller; And the recess that forms in the week position to the inside of contacting part.
Disclosed retainer portion guide rail wheel in European patent communique 1408248A2.With respect to this,, can reduce breakage when contacting or collision sound etc. with rail wheel by such Splittable retainer portion is carried out roller guide.
At this, when retainer portion is carried out roller guide, the guiding pawl that contacts with roller in the side wall surface setting of post portion.Figure 42 is the sectional drawing that expression is provided with the part of the retainer portion that guides pawl, the state that expression is observed from the inboard of recess.With reference to Figure 42 as can be known, retainer portion 121 possesses: form the post portion 122 of recess, a pair of linking department 123a, the 123b of binding post portion 122.Side wall surface in post portion 122 is provided with two guiding pawl 124a, 124b.Each guides pawl 124a, 124b devices spaced apart and disposing on the roller length direction.By forming such structure, can utilize the slit 125 that between guiding pawl 124a, 124b, is provided with, lubricant oil is passed through.
On the other hand, such retainer portion 121 possesses a plurality of at roller bearing, therefore, needs to make in a large number.Thereby, preferably with retainer portion 121 as resin system, utilize injection-molded the grade to make.
But if utilize injection-moldedly, the retainer portion 121 that makes above-mentioned shape then produces at the front end of each guiding pawl 124a, 124b and shrinks pore, forms the shape of the central part depression of guiding pawl 124a, 124b.Use Figure 43, with its explanation.Figure 43 is the figure that is illustrated in the part of retainer portion 121 in this case.Also have, Figure 43 is the figure of the retainer portion shown in Figure 42 observed of the direction shown in the arrow XXXXIII from Figure 42.
With reference to Figure 42 and Figure 43, among guiding pawl 124a, the 124b of retainer portion 121, the contraction pore of central part 127a, the 127b of roller length direction when injection-molded caves in.At this, when roller 131 began to roll, among guiding pawl 124a, the 124b, edge part 126a, the 126b, 126c, 126d and the roller 131 that are positioned at the two ends of roller length direction contacted.If like that, then promote the wearing and tearing of edge part 126a～126d, can not make the stable posture of roller 131 and retainer portion 121.In addition, under the situation of the resinous retainer portion 121 that is filled with reinforced fiber, because the wearing and tearing of resin part, reinforced fiber exposes on its surface, thus, also may cause roller 131 wearing and tearing.The roller bearing that possesses such retainer portion 121 can not make roller roll sleekly.Also have, as shown in figure 44, each guides edge part 126e, the 126f of the side among pawl 124c, the 124d also identical with the situation of roller 131 contacts.
In addition, the retainer portion 121 of above-mentioned shape is provided with a plurality of guiding pawl 124a, 124b, and therefore, edge part 126a～126d of guiding pawl 124a, 124b becomes many.If then when injection-molded, subsurface defect takes place in the mobile variation of resin material easily like that.In addition, retainer portion shown in European patent communique 1408248A2, only has the guiding pawl in the big footpath of roller side, the part of post portion is under the situation of the shape of radially outstanding complexity, be not only the problem that the contraction or expansion of resin causes, and deform, also may can not get shape according to design size.
But as mentioned above, that is, retainer portion has: accommodate the mode of the recess of roller with formation, in the upwardly extending a plurality of post portion along the side of the spin axis of bearing; And with the mode that links this a plurality of post portion linking department along extending circumferentially, retainer portion guide rolls is provided with at the side wall surface of post portion: one with contacting part of contact with roller guides pawl; And the recess that forms in the week position to the inside of contacting part, by described structure, in the retainer portion of roller guide, therefore the guiding pawl that is provided with on the side wall surface with post portion, can reduce the edge part of guiding pawl as one.The retainer portion of such shape is simple shape, therefore, can reduce wall thickness difference, the subsurface defect in the time of can suppressing injection-molded or the generation of distortion.In addition, can increase the front end of guiding pawl and the area of contact of roller, the face in the time of can reducing contact is pressed.And then, can increase the rigidity of post portion even retainer portion.The roller bearing that possesses such retainer portion can make the stable posture of roller and retainer portion.In addition, be formed with the week recess to the inside that is positioned at contacting part, therefore, can utilize recess, accumulate lubricant oil.If like that, then can improve lubricity from recess to the contacting part supplying lubricating oil.Thereby, can prevent the breakage of retainer portion, roller is rolled sleekly.
Preferred guiding pawl is arranged at the central authorities of roller length direction in the side wall surface of post portion.By such setting, the roller that is contained in recess contacts in the central authorities of roller length direction with the guiding pawl, therefore, can make the posture of roller and retainer portion more stable.Thereby, roller is rolled more sleekly.
And then the length that preferably guides the roller length direction of pawl is the roughly total length of length of the roller length direction of recess.By such setting, can increase the contacting part of roller and guiding pawl, therefore, can make the posture of roller and retainer portion more stable.Thereby, roller is rolled more sleekly.At this, " roughly total length " should be interpreted as being at least more than 50% with respect to the length of the roller length direction of recess, and be preferred more than 75%.
And then preferred recess is to utilize the contraction pore that produces when shaping retainer portion to form.Such recess is connected sleekly with the surface of guiding pawl, and therefore, the outflow of lubricant oil flows into and becomes easy.In addition, the recess of such shape is difficult to take place stress to be concentrated, and therefore, can reduce damaged possibility.
And then preferably with comprising the guiding pawl, and blocked in the section of retainer portion with the spin axis plane orthogonal of bearing, the angle in bight that is positioned at the front end of guiding pawl is the obtuse angle.By such setting, in the time of can being reduced in the rolling of roller, near the amount of the lubricant oil the guiding pawl of getting roller or retainer portion is scraped in the bight of front end that is positioned at the guiding pawl.If like that, then near the lubricant oil roller or the guiding pawl is supplied with in recess easily, reduces insufficient lubrication, and roller is rolled sleekly.
And then preferably be provided with chamfering in the bight.By such setting, can further reduce the bight and scrape the amount of getting lubricant oil.Thereby, roller is rolled more sleekly.
And then preferred chamfering is a circular arc chamfering.By such setting, can constitute the bight by smooth face, therefore, can further reduce the amount of getting lubricant oil of scraping.Thereby, roller is further rolled sleekly.
In other aspects of the present invention, the wind driven generator principal shaft supporting is the roller bearing with the main shaft that is provided to the supporting wind power generation machine with the retainer portion of roller bearing, accommodate the recess of roller, the wind driven generator principal shaft supporting of the disposing retainer portion of roller bearing upwards connecting successively in week, wherein, the resin system of reduction based on the packing material of the linear expansion coeffcient of heat contained in retainer portion.
The supporting of such wind driven generator principal shaft with the retainer portion of roller bearing can reduce with constitute the wind driven generator principal shaft supporting use roller bearing bearing component parts such as outer ring, poor based on the linear expansion coeffcient of heat, therefore, can reduce the variation of the size in the circumferential slit that temperature variation causes.If like that, then can reduce the circumferential slit between the retainer portion, can maintain in the scope of setting.Thereby, can prevent to possess the reduction of function of the roller bearing of such retainer portion.
Preferred packing material contains any of carbon fiber or glass fibre at least.By like this, can reduce thermal expansion coefficient effectively.
And then preferred resin is a polyether-ether-ketone.By such setting, can easily contain packing material, reduce thermal expansion coefficient.
And then the linear expansion coeffcient based on heat of preferred resin is 1.3 * 10 -5/ ℃ more than and 1.7 * 10 -5/ ℃ below.By such setting, in actual behaviour in service, can allow with bearing component parts such as outer ring, poor based on the linear expansion coeffcient of heat.
And then the filling ratio of the packing material in the preferred resin is more than the 20 weight % and below the 40 weight %.By such setting, other that can not take place that the filling of packing material causes are appropriate situations, can reduce the linear expansion coeffcient that the heat of resin causes significantly.
And then preferably have: accommodate the mode of the recess of roller with formation, in upwardly extending a plurality of post portion along the side of the spin axis of bearing; And with the mode that links this a plurality of post portion linking department along extending circumferentially, retainer portion guide rolls is provided with at the side wall surface of post portion: one with contacting part of contact with roller guides pawl; And the recess that forms in the week position to the inside of contacting part.
The guiding pawl that is arranged at the side wall surface of post portion in the retainer portion of such roller bearing is one, therefore, can reduce the edge part of guiding pawl.The retainer portion of such shape is simple shape, therefore, can reduce wall thickness difference, the subsurface defect in the time of can suppressing injection-molded or the generation of distortion.In addition, can increase the front end of guiding pawl and the area of contact of roller, the face in the time of can reducing contact is pressed.And then, can increase the rigidity of post portion even retainer portion.The roller bearing that possesses such retainer portion can make the stable posture of roller and retainer portion.In addition, be formed with the week recess to the inside that is positioned at contacting part, therefore, can utilize recess, accumulate lubricant oil.If like that, then can improve lubricity from recess to the contacting part supplying lubricating oil.Thereby, can prevent the breakage of retainer portion, roller is rolled sleekly.
Preferred recess is to utilize the contraction pore that produces when shaping retainer portion to form.Such recess is connected sleekly with the surface of guiding pawl, and therefore, the outflow of lubricant oil flows into and becomes easy.In addition, be difficult to take place stress in the recess of such shape and concentrate, therefore, can reduce damaged possibility.
Of the present invention again on the other hand in, the spindle support structure of wind-driven generator, it comprises: the blade of accepting wind-force; One end is fixed in blade, and the main shaft that together rotates with blade; The fixed component of packing into, and the roller bearing that main axis rotation is supported freely, wherein, roller bearing possesses: the outer ring; Inner ring; The a plurality of rollers that between outer ring and inner ring, dispose; Have the recess of accommodating roller, and a plurality of retainer portion that between outer ring and inner ring, disposes along circumferentially connecting successively.The resin system of reduction based on the packing material of the linear expansion coeffcient of heat contained in retainer portion.With a plurality of retainer portion along circumferentially seamlessly under the situation of configuration, between the retainer portion of the retainer portion of configuration at first and configuration in the end, have the slit.At this, at room temperature, the circumferential size in slit is greater than 0.075% of the circumference of the circle of the central authorities by retainer portion, and less than 0.12%.
The spindle support structure of such wind-driven generator comprises the roller bearing of the reduction of the function that prevents bearing, therefore, can prevent the reduction of function of the spindle support structure self of wind-driven generator.
Preferred retainer portion has: accommodate the mode of the recess of roller with formation, in the upwardly extending a plurality of post portion along the side of the spin axis of bearing; And with the mode that links this a plurality of post portion linking department along extending circumferentially, retainer portion guide rolls is provided with at the side wall surface of post portion: one with contacting part of contact with roller guides pawl; And the recess that forms in the week position to the inside of contacting part.
The spindle support structure of such wind-driven generator comprises the possibility of the breakage that reduces retainer portion, and therefore the roller bearing that roller is rolled sleekly, can realize long lifetime.
According to the present invention as can be known, with the material of retainer portion as containing the resin system of reduction based on the packing material of the linear expansion coeffcient of heat, circumferential slit between the retainer portion as above-mentioned scope, can be prevented the not properly circumferential adjacent distortion that causes between situation etc. or the retainer portion etc. of intensive properties that the collision between the retainer portion causes thus.Thereby, can prevent to possess the reduction of function of the roller bearing of such retainer portion.
In addition, the supporting of such wind driven generator principal shaft with the retainer portion of roller bearing can reduce with constitute the wind driven generator principal shaft supporting use roller bearing bearing component parts such as outer ring, poor based on the linear expansion coeffcient of heat, therefore, can reduce the variation of the size in the circumferential slit that temperature variation causes.If like that, then can reduce the circumferential slit between the retainer portion, can maintain in the scope of setting.Thereby, can prevent to possess the reduction of function of the roller bearing of such retainer portion.
In addition, the spindle support structure of such wind-driven generator comprises the roller bearing of the reduction that has prevented function, therefore, can prevent the reduction of function of the spindle support structure self of wind-driven generator.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the retainer portion of middle beginning of the tapered roller bearing of expression in the one embodiment of the present invention and the amplification profile in the slit between the last retainer portion.
Fig. 2 is the stereogram of retainer portion that is contained in the tapered roller bearing of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is with comprising line III-III among Fig. 2, blocks sectional drawing under the situation of retainer portion shown in Figure 2 with the spin axis plane orthogonal of bearing.
Fig. 4 is with the central authorities by post portion, blocks sectional drawing under the situation of retainer portion shown in Figure 2 with the circumferencial direction plane orthogonal.
Fig. 5 is the summary section that a plurality of retainer portion is disposed at the tapered roller bearing under the situation about making progress in week.
Fig. 6 is the amplification profile of the retainer portion of expression adjacency.
Fig. 7 is the chart of the relation in expression retainer portion's safety coefficient and circumferential slit.
Fig. 8 is the figure of an example of the spindle support structure of the expression wind-driven generator that uses tapered roller bearing of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the diagram profile of the spindle support structure of wind-driven generator shown in Figure 8.
Figure 10 is the stereogram of retainer portion that is contained in the tapered roller bearing of another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the sectional drawing from the part of the retainer portion of the tapered roller bearing that is contained in another embodiment of the present invention of the inboard observation of recess.
Figure 12 is with comprising line XI-XI among Figure 10, blocks sectional drawing under the situation of retainer portion shown in Figure 10 with the axle plane orthogonal.
Figure 13 is with the central authorities by post portion, blocks sectional drawing under the situation of retainer portion shown in Figure 10 with the circumferencial direction plane orthogonal.
Figure 14 is the amplification profile of the recess part of retainer portion shown in Figure 12.
Figure 15 is the amplification profile in bight that is arranged at the guiding pawl of retainer portion.
Figure 16 is the summary section that a plurality of retainer portion is disposed at the tapered roller bearing under the situation about making progress in week.
Figure 17 is the amplification profile of the retainer portion of expression adjacency.
Figure 18 is the amplification profile that is illustrated in the bight of the guiding pawl that the retainer portion of another embodiment of the present invention is equipped with.
Figure 19 is the sectional drawing of the multiple row tapered roller bearing of expression another mode of execution again of the present invention.
Figure 20 is the amplification profile of the part of expression multiple row tapered roller bearing shown in Figure 19.
Figure 21 is the flow chart of summary of the encaseing method of expression multiple row tapered roller bearing shown in Figure 19.
Figure 22 is illustrated in pack into a side the sectional drawing of state of inner ring of running shaft.
Figure 23 is the sectional drawing that the state of a side tapered roller and retainer portion has been disposed in expression.
Figure 24 is the sectional drawing that the state of inner ring liner has been disposed in expression.
Figure 25 is the sectional drawing that the state of outer ring has been disposed in expression.
Figure 26 is the sectional drawing that the state of the opposing party's tapered roller and retainer portion has been disposed in expression.
Figure 27 is the amplification profile of a part of the inner ring of the expression multiple row tapered roller bearing that is contained in another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 28 is the amplification profile of a part of the inner ring of the expression multiple row tapered roller bearing that is contained in another mode of execution again of the present invention.
Figure 29 is the figure of tapered roller bearing of the main shaft of expression supporting wind power generation machine.
Figure 30 is the enlarged view of tapered roller shown in Figure 29.
Figure 31 is expression with pack into the figure of the state before the main shaft of the part of the inner loop component of tapered roller bearing.
Figure 32 is expression with pack into the figure of state of main shaft of tapered roller bearing.
Figure 33 is expression with pack into the flow chart of main method of main shaft of a side of the inner loop component of tapered roller bearing.
Figure 34 is the figure of tapered roller bearing of the main shaft of expression supporting wind power generation machine.
Figure 35 is the enlarged view of tapered roller shown in Figure 34.
Figure 36 is expression with pack into the figure of the state before the main shaft of a side of the inner loop component of tapered roller bearing.
Figure 37 is expression with pack into the figure of the state behind the main shaft of tapered roller bearing.
Figure 38 is expression with pack into the flow chart of main method of main shaft of a side of the inner loop component of tapered roller bearing.
Figure 39 is the stereogram of retainer portion in the past.
Figure 40 uses with the rolling axis plane orthogonal of bearing to block sectional drawing under the situation of a part of the tapered roller bearing that possesses retainer portion shown in Figure 39.
Figure 41 uses with the rolling axis plane orthogonal of bearing to block sectional drawing under the situation of the tapered roller bearing that possesses retainer portion shown in Figure 40.
Figure 42 is the figure of the part of the expression retainer portion that is provided with Splittable guiding pawl.
Figure 43 is the figure from the retainer portion of radially observing shown in Figure 42.
Figure 44 is the figure from the retainer portion of radially observing under a side's of guiding pawl edge part and situation that roller contacts.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are described.Fig. 2 is illustrated in the stereogram that the 11a of retainer portion of roller bearing is used in the wind driven generator principal shaft supporting that possesses in the tapered roller bearing of one embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 3 is with comprising line III among Fig. 2, blocks sectional drawing under the situation of the 11a of retainer portion shown in Figure 2 with the spin axis plane orthogonal of bearing.Fig. 4 is with the central authorities by the 14a of post portion, blocks sectional drawing under the situation of the 11a of retainer portion shown in Figure 2 with the circumferencial direction plane orthogonal.Also have, be easy to viewpoint, in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, dot a plurality of tapered roller 12a, 12b, 12c that the 11a of retainer portion keeps from understanding.In addition, represent PCD22a with a dot and dash line.
With reference to Fig. 2～Fig. 4, the structure of the 11a of retainer portion that is contained in tapered roller bearing is described.The 11a of retainer portion is having the mode of a recess of accommodating roller at least, the shape of using the cutting lines that extends along the direction of the spin axis of bearing to cut apart a ring-type retainer.The 11a of retainer portion comprises: accommodate recess 13a, the 13b of tapered roller 12a, 12b, 12c, the mode of 13c with formation, at four 14a of post portion, 14b, 14c, 14d extending along the direction of the spin axis of bearing be positioned at axial two ends, link four 14a of post portion～14d ground at upwardly extending a pair of linking department 15a of week, 15b.At this, the 11a of retainer portion center pillar portion 14a, 14d are positioned at its week end laterally.
A pair of linking department 15a, 15b with when packing a plurality of retainer 11a of portion into tapered roller bearing, form a ring-type retainer in the radius of curvature that upwards has regulation week upwards connecting in week.The radius of curvature of linking department 15a of path side that is positioned at tapered roller 12a～12c among a pair of linking department 15a, the 15b is littler than the radius of curvature of the linking department 15b of the big footpath side that is positioned at tapered roller 12a～12c.
Be arranged in recess 13a circumferential both sides the 14a of post portion, 14b and be positioned at the 14c of post portion, the 14d of the circumferential both sides of recess 13c, be provided with guiding pawl 17a, 17b, 17c, the 17d of the restriction retainer 11a of portion to the internal side diameter that moves of radial outside at the internal side diameter of the side wall surface of the 14a～14d of post portion.Guiding pawl 17a～17d contacts with the tapered roller 12a, the 12c that are contained in recess 13a, 13c at internal side diameter.In addition, be arranged in the 14b of post portion, the 14c of the circumferential both sides of recess 13b, be provided with guiding pawl 18b, the 18c of the restriction retainer 11a of portion at the outside diameter of the side wall surface of the 14b of post portion, 14c to the outside diameter that moves of radially inner side.Guiding pawl 18b, 18c contact with the tapered roller 12b that is contained in recess 13b at outside diameter.Each guides pawl 17a～17d, 18b, 18c is to the side-prominent shape of recess 13a～13c.In addition, in section shown in Figure 3, each section that guides the guide surface of pawl 17a～17d, 18b, 18c is circular-arc, is the shape along the rolling surface of tapered roller 12a～12c.By guiding pawl 17a～17d, 18b, the 18c of internal side diameter and outside diameter are set like this, the 11a of retainer portion is contacted with the guide surface of guiding pawl 17a～17d, 18b, 18c, carry out roller guide.Also have, week end face 21a, the 21b laterally that is positioned at the week 14a of post portion, 14d laterally is smooth.
At this, the 11a of retainer portion is the resin system that contains the packing material that reduces the linear expansion coeffcient that heat causes.By like this, as described later, can the gap with constitute wind driven generator principal shaft supporting poor with linear expansion coeffcient bearing component parts such as outer ring, that heat causes of roller bearing, therefore, can reduce the variation of the size in the slit that makes progress in week that temperature variation causes.
Also has the preferred PEEK of resin.The linear expansion coeffcient that the heat of PEEK self causes is 4.7 * 10 -5/ ℃ about, compare with other resinogen materials, the linear expansion coeffcient that heat causes is low, therefore, easily contains packing material, reduces the linear expansion coeffcient that heat causes.
In addition, packing material preferably contains any of carbon fiber or glass fibre at least.Such packing material is fibrous, and therefore, can reduce the linear expansion coeffcient that heat causes effectively is thermal expansion coefficient.
Also has the linear expansion coeffcient that the heat of resin causes preferred 1.3 * 10 -5/ ℃ more than and 1.7 * 10 -5/ ℃ below.In the bearing component parts such as outer ring that constitute bearing, use case hardening steel usually.The linear expansion coeffcient that the heat of such steel causes is 1.12 * 10 -5/ ℃ about.Thereby the linear expansion coeffcient that causes by the heat with resin is made as above-mentioned scope, can allow poor with linear expansion coeffcients bearing component parts, that heat causes such as outer rings in actual behaviour in service.
In addition, more than the preferred 20 weight % of the filling ratio of the packing material of resin and below the 40 weight %.By like this, other that can not take place that the filling of packing material causes are appropriate situations, and for example, the strength deficiency that loading too much causes can reduce the thermal expansion coefficient of resin significantly.
Also have, the 11a of retainer portion possesses a plurality of in a tapered roller bearing, therefore, requires to boost productivity, but by constituting like this, can easily utilize injection-moldedly etc., makes identical shaped retainer portion in a large number.
At this, specifically, the 11a of retainer portion preferably contains the carbon fiber of 30 weight % as packing material, and linear expansion coeffcient is 1.5 * 10 -5/ ℃ the PEEK system.With following different greatly, that is: the linear expansion coeffcient that causes of heat is 4.7 * 10 aspect the linear expansion coeffcient that such 11a of retainer portion causes at heat -5/ ℃ PEEK made cage portion or the linear expansion coeffcient that causes of heat be 5.0 * 10 -5/ ℃ PPS made cage portion.
Secondly, the structure of the tapered roller bearing that contains the above-mentioned retainer 11a of portion is described.Fig. 5 is the summary section at the tapered roller bearing 31a that has upwards disposed week such as a plurality of retainer 11a of portion, 11b, 11c, 11d etc. from end on observation.In addition, Fig. 6 is with the amplification profile of the part shown in the VI in Fig. 5.At this, the 11b of retainer portion, 11c, 11d are shape identical with the 11a of retainer portion and identical raw material, therefore, omit explanation.Also have, in Fig. 5, be omitted in the tapered roller bearing that the 11a of retainer portion etc. keeps.In addition, at this, the retainer portion that will dispose at first among a plurality of retainer 11a～11d of portion is as the 11a of retainer portion, with the retainer portion of configuration at last as the 11d of retainer portion.
With reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 as can be known, tapered roller bearing 31a possesses: outer ring 32a, inner ring 33a, a plurality of tapered roller 34a and a plurality of retainer 11a～11d of portion.11a～the 11d of retainer portion is upwards connecting and is seamlessly disposing in week successively.At this, at first, dispose the 11a of retainer portion at first, secondly, so that the mode of 11b of retainer portion and the 11a of retainer portion butt, specifically, so that the mode of the end face 21b butt of the end face 21a of the 11a of retainer portion and the 11b of retainer portion is configured.Then, so that the 11c of retainer portion and the mode 11b of retainer portion butt specifically, so that the mode of the end face 21e butt of the end face 21d of the 11b of retainer portion and the 11c of retainer portion is configured, dispose retainer portion successively, dispose the 11d of retainer portion at last.Like this, at the consecutive configuration retainer 11a～11d of portion that makes progress in week.In this case, between the 11a of retainer portion of beginning and the last 11d of retainer portion, has circumferential slit 39a.
Secondly, circumferential slit between the 11a of retainer portion that starts and the last 11d of retainer portion be described.Fig. 1 is the amplification profile of the part represented with I in Fig. 5.At this, the circumferential size R that makes slit 39a is 0.075% bigger than the circumference of the circle of the central authorities by the 11a～11d of retainer portion, and less than 0.12%.In this case, so that the circumferential size R of slit 39a becomes the mode of above-mentioned scope, the circumferential length of regulating each 11a～11d of retainer portion respectively also can, dispose the 11a～11d of retainer portion successively, when disposing the last 11d of retainer portion, cut its end face 21f, regulate size, form above-mentioned scope and also can.
Fig. 7 is the chart of relation of the safety coefficient of the expression ratio of slit 39a and retainer.With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 7 as can be known, the viewpoint of the stress that the safety coefficient of the retainer that is made of a plurality of retainer 11a～11d of portion produces from the fatigue strength of the material of the 11a～11d of retainer portion and at the 11a of retainer portion～11d etc., requirement is more than 4.0.At this, be reduced to 0.12% little than circumference by circumferential size with slit 39a, can guarantee that safety coefficient is more than 4.0.If like that, then can avoid appropriate situation of intensive properties that the collision etc. between the 11a～11d of retainer portion causes.
At this, the linear expansion coeffcient kb of the above-mentioned retainer 11a of portion is 1.5 * 10 -5/ ℃ about.On the other hand, be case hardening steel as outer ring of bearing component parts etc., its linear expansion coeffcient Ka is 1.12 * 10 -5/ ℃ about.At this, the temperature rising is made as Δ t, the difference of the swell increment of each parts when temperature is risen is made as under the situation of δ, and the difference δ of swell increment is represented by the formula of mathematical expression 1.
[several 1]
δ＝2πr·(Kb-Ka)·Δt
In this case, even have only the 11a of retainer portion to rise under 50 ℃ the situation, the difference δ of swell increment also is 0.075%.In addition, shrink fit and tapered roller bearing being heated under Δ t=100 ℃ the situation, the difference δ of swell increment also is 0.035%.Thereby, in actual behaviour in service,, can allow thermal expansion poor of bearing component parts such as outer ring 32a or inner ring 33a and the 11a～11d of retainer portion by being made as than 0.075 big.If like that, then the circumferential size of slit 39a becomes negatively, can avoid adjacent state between the 11a～11d of retainer portion.If like that, then can prevent the adjacent distortion that causes owing to the 11a～11d of retainer portion.
As mentioned above, the material of the 11a～11d of retainer portion is made as the resin system that contains the packing material that reduces the linear expansion coeffcient that heat causes, circumferential slit 39a between the 11a～11d of retainer portion is made as above-mentioned scope, can prevents the not properly circumferential adjacent distortion that causes between situation etc. or the 11a～11d of retainer portion etc. of intensive properties that the collision between the 11a～11d of retainer portion causes thus.Thereby, can prevent to possess the reduction of function of the tapered roller bearing 31a of such 11a～11d of retainer portion.
In addition, such 11a～11d of retainer portion can reduce poor with the linear expansion coeffcients bearing component parts, that heat causes such as outer ring 32a that constitute tapered roller bearing 31a, therefore, can reduce the variation of the size of the circumferential slit 39a that temperature variation causes.If then the circumferential slit 39a between the 11a～11d of retainer portion can be maintained in the scope of setting like that.Thereby, can prevent to possess the reduction of function of the tapered roller bearing 31a of such 11a～11d of retainer portion.
Also have, in the above-described embodiment, between the 11a of retainer portion of beginning and the last 11d of retainer portion, the liner of regulating the size R of circumferential slit 39a disposed with the last 11d of retainer portion butt ground also can.In this case, between the 11a of retainer portion of liner and beginning, produce slit 39a.By such formation, more easily the size with the circumferential slit 39a of the 11a of retainer portion of beginning and the last 11d of retainer portion is made as above-mentioned scope.Also have, in this case, liner should be interpreted as retainer portion.In addition, the circumferential size that the circumferential size of such liner is connected with each 11a～11d of retainer portion is compared small, therefore, can for the identical raw material of the 11a～11d of retainer portion, can be metallic, can be simple resin system.
Illustrated among Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 the tapered roller bearing of one embodiment of the present invention a example as main shaft supporting bearing 75 spindle support structures that be suitable for, wind-driven generator.The shell 63 of the engine compartment 62 of the critical piece of supporting spindle supporting structure circles round via a bearing 61 levels of circling round in high position and is arranged at freely on the supporting station 60.The main shaft 66 that the blade 67 of accepting wind-force is fixed in an end is in the shell 63 of engine compartment 62, main shaft supporting bearing 65 via the bearing shell 64 of packing into, be supported to rotation freely, the other end of main shaft 66 is connected with booster engine 68, and the output shaft of this booster engine 68 combines with the rotor shaft of generator 69.Engine compartment 62 utilization is circled round with motor 70, via speed reducer 71, circles round to angle arbitrarily.
The main shaft supporting bearing 65 of bearing shell 64 of packing into is tapered roller bearings of one embodiment of the present invention, possess: outer ring, inner ring, a plurality of tapered rollers that between outer ring and inner ring, dispose and have the recess of accommodating tapered roller, between outer ring and inner ring, a plurality of retainer portion that disposes upwards connecting successively in week.Retainer portion is the resin system that contains the packing material that reduces the linear expansion coeffcient that heat causes.A plurality of retainer portion in week upwards seamlessly under the situation of configuration, had the slit between the retainer portion of the retainer portion of configuration at first and last configuration.At this, at room temperature, the circumferential size in slit is 0.075% bigger than the circumference of the circle of the central authorities by retainer portion, and less than 0.12%.
The blade 67 that main shaft supporting bearing 65 supporting will be born big wind-force is fixed in the main shaft 66 of an end, therefore, need bear big moment loading or axially loading, radially loading etc.At this,, can bear big moment loading etc. by roller is formed tapered roller.
In addition, the spindle support structure of such wind-driven generator comprises the tapered roller bearing of the reduction that prevents function, therefore, can prevent the reduction of function of the spindle support structure self of wind-driven generator.
Also have, in the above-described embodiment, at room temperature, slit circumferential is of a size of 0.075 big by the circumference of the circle of the central authorities of retainer portion, and less than 0.12%, but and then 0.075% big than the circumference of the circle of the central authorities by retainer portion, and also can less than 0.10%.By like this, the safety coefficient of retainer can be made as more than 6.0, therefore, can further reduce and collide the distortion cause etc.
In addition, in the above-described embodiment,, only constituted the packing material that contains in the resin, but be not limited to this, only constituted packing material and also can by glass fibre by carbon fiber as the raw material of retainer portion.And then, packing material contain carbon fiber or glass fibre any also can.In addition, containing Powdered packing materials such as carbon black or granular packing material also can.
Also have, except above-mentioned formation, retainer portion has the mode of accommodating the recess of roller with formation, along the side of the spin axis of bearing upwardly extending a plurality of post portion, and to link the mode of a plurality of post portion, at upwardly extending linking department of week, retainer portion guide rolls, the side wall surface of post portion be provided with a guiding pawl with the contacting part that contacts with roller, and the recess that forms in the week position to the inside of contacting part also can.
Figure 10 is the stereogram that is illustrated in the 11g of retainer portion of the tapered roller bearing that the tapered roller bearing in another embodiment of the present invention possesses.Figure 11 blocks sectional drawing under the situation of the 11g of retainer portion shown in Figure 10 with the XI-XI among the figure 0.Figure 12 is with comprising line XII-XII among Figure 10, blocks sectional drawing under the situation of the 11g of retainer portion shown in Figure 10 with the section of the spin axis quadrature of bearing.Figure 13 is with the central authorities by the 14g of post portion, blocks sectional drawing under the situation of the 11g of retainer portion shown in Figure 10 with the section of circumferencial direction quadrature.Figure 14 is the amplification profile of the recess part of the 11g of retainer portion shown in Figure 12.Also have, be easy to viewpoint, in Figure 12 and Figure 13, be shown in broken lines a plurality of tapered roller 12g, 12h, the 12i that keep the retainer 11g of portion, in Figure 14, illustrate with solid line from understanding.In addition, in Figure 10 and Figure 12, omit the diagram of recess described later.In addition, with a dot and dash line PCD22g is shown.
With reference to Figure 10～Figure 14, the structure of the 11g of retainer portion that is contained in tapered roller bearing is described.The 11g of retainer portion is having the mode of a recess of accommodating roller at least, the shape that the cutting lines that a ring-type retainer is extended with the direction of the spin axis of drilling bearing is again cut apart.The 11g of retainer portion comprises: form keeping tapered roller 12g, recess 13g, the 13h of 12h, 12i, the mode of 13i, at upwardly extending four 14g of post portion in side, 14h, 14i, the 14j along the spin axis of bearing; Be positioned at axial two ends, link four 14g of post portion～14j ground at upwardly extending a pair of linking department 15g of week, 15h.At this, the 11g of retainer portion center pillar portion 14g, 14j are positioned at its week end laterally.
A pair of linking department 15g, 15h with when packing a plurality of retainer 11g of portion into tapered roller bearing, form a ring-type retainer in the radius of curvature that upwards has regulation week upwards connecting in week.Among a pair of linking department 15g, the 15h, the radius of curvature of linking department 15g of path side that is positioned at tapered roller 12g～12i is littler than the radius of curvature of the linking department 15h of the big footpath side that is positioned at tapered roller 12g～12i.
Be arranged in recess 13g circumferential both sides the 14g14h of post portion and be positioned at the 14i of post portion, the 14j of the circumferential both sides of recess 13i, be provided with guiding pawl 17g, 17h, 17i, the 17j of the restriction retainer 11g of portion to the internal side diameter that moves of radial outside at the internal side diameter of the side wall surface of the 14g～14j of post portion.Guiding pawl 17g～17j contacts with the tapered roller 12g, the 12i that are contained in recess 13g, 13i at internal side diameter.In addition, be arranged in the 14h of post portion, the 14i of the circumferential both sides of recess 13h, be provided with the outside diameter that moves guiding pawl 18h, the 18i of the restriction retainer 11g of portion at the outside diameter of the side wall surface of the 14h of post portion, 14i to radially inner side.Guiding pawl 18h, 18i contact with the tapered roller 12h that is contained in recess 13h at outside diameter.Guiding pawl 17g～17j, 18h, 18i are to be arranged at each side wall surface of the 14g～14j of post portion one by one.Each guides pawl 17g～17j, 18h, 18i is to the side-prominent shape of recess 13g～13i.In addition, in section shown in Figure 12, each section that guides the guide surface of pawl 17g～17j, 18h, 18i is circular-arc, is the shape along the rolling surface of tapered roller 12g～12i.The length of the roller length direction of guiding pawl 17g～17j, 18h, 18i is the degree slightly shorter than the length of the roller length direction of recess 13g～13i, is the roughly total length of length of the roller length direction of recess 13g～13i.In addition, guiding pawl 17g～17j, 18h, 18i are arranged at the position of side's side of deflection linking department 15g in the side wall surface of the 14g～14j of post portion or linking department 15h, are arranged at the central authorities of roller length direction.Also have, week end face 21g, the 21h laterally that is positioned at the week 14g of post portion, 14j laterally is smooth.
By guiding pawl 17g～17j, 18h, the 18i of internal side diameter and outside diameter are set like this, can make the 11g of retainer portion contact guide rolls with the contacting part 28g of the guide surface of guiding pawl 17g～17j, 18h, 18i.
The side wall surface of the 14h of post portion that is provided with guiding pawl 18h be provided be positioned at the contacting part 28g that contact with tapered roller 12h week to the inside, and the recess 29g (with reference to Figure 11, Figure 14) of the contraction pore formation that produces when utilizing the shaping retainer 11g of portion.Such recess 29g can easily promptly not need to implement in injection-molded to form under the situation such as back processing etc.Specifically, will form the concave shape of having considered to shrink pore corresponding to the metal pattern shape of the part of contacting part 28g.By such setting, produce the contraction situation among the contacting part 28g, form smoothly, forming to the inside in the week of contacting part 28g based on the recess 29g that shrinks pore.Like this, make the retainer 11g of portion.In this case, only be provided with a guiding pawl 18h, therefore, can be formed at above-mentioned position based on the recess 29g that shrinks pore at the side wall surface of the 14h of post portion.Also have, the recess of formation is different with utilizing cutting after injection-molded etc. for the surface roughness of the recess 29g of Xing Chenging etc. like this.In addition, being provided with the guiding pawl 17g～17j of internal side diameter, and the side wall surface of the 14g～14j of post portion of the guiding pawl 18i of outside diameter, also be provided with the week recess 29g to the inside that is positioned at the contacting part that contacts with tapered roller.These structures are identical, therefore, omit its explanation.Also have, calm intelligible viewpoint in Figure 14, is amplified the amount of recess of recess 29g and is illustrated.
The guiding pawl 17g～17j, 18h, the 18i that are arranged at the side wall surface of the 14g～14j of post portion among such 11g of retainer portion are one, therefore, can reduce the edge part of guiding pawl 17g～17j, 18h, 18i.The 11g of retainer portion of such shape is simple shape, therefore, can reduce wall thickness difference, the subsurface defect when suppressing injection-molded or the generation of distortion.In addition, can increase guiding pawl 17g～17j, the front end of 18h, 18i and the area of contact of tapered roller 12g～12i, the face when reducing contact is pressed.And then, can improve the rigidity of 14g～14j of post portion even the 11g of retainer portion.Possess such 11g of retainer portion roller bearing can the time tapered roller 12g～12i and the 11g of retainer portion stable posture.In addition, form the week recess 29g to the inside that is positioned at contacting part 28g, therefore, can utilize recess 29g, accumulate lubricant oil.If like that, then can improve lubricity from recess 29g to the contacting part supplying lubricating oil.Thereby, can prevent the breakage of the 11g of retainer portion, can the time tapered roller 12g～12i roll sleekly.
In addition, such recess 29g is connected sleekly with the surface of guiding pawl 17g～17j, 18h, 18i, and therefore, the outflow of lubricant oil flows into easily.In addition, be difficult to take place stress among the recess 29g of such shape and concentrate, therefore, can reduce damaged possibility.
In addition, the length of the roller length direction of guiding pawl 17g～17j, 18h, 18i is the roughly total length of length of the roller length direction of recess 13g～13i, therefore, can increase the contacting part 28g of tapered roller 12g～12i and guiding pawl 17g～17j, 18h, 18i, can make the posture of tapered roller 12g～12i and the 11g of retainer portion more stable.Thereby, tapered roller 12g～12i is rolled sleekly.And then, guiding pawl 17g～17j, 18h, 18i are arranged at the central authorities of roller length direction in the side wall surface of the 14g～14j of post portion, therefore, central authorities in the roller length direction contact with the tapered roller 12g～12i that is contained in recess 13g～13i, can make the posture of tapered roller 12g～12i and the 11g of retainer portion more stable.Thereby, tapered roller 12g～12i is rolled sleekly.
At this,, and then describe in detail about the shape of the guiding pawl 18h of outside diameter.Figure 15 is the amplification profile of the part represented with XV in Figure 14.With reference to Figure 10～Figure 15 as can be known, the angle of bight 23g that is positioned at the recess 13h side of guiding pawl 18h is the obtuse angle.At this, specifically, promptly comprise guiding pawl 18h with section shown in Figure 15, in the section that blocks with the section of the spin axis quadrature of bearing, constitute the line of the face 25g that the mode that forms bight 23g with the outer diametric plane 24g from the 14h of post portion extends to the inboard of recess 13h and constitute the circular-arc guide surface 26g of guiding pawl 18h and constitute the line angulation θ 1 of the tangent plane 27g among the 23g of bight greater than 90 °.
If the angle of bight 23g is an acute angle, then when the rolling of tapered roller 12h, scrape near the lubricant oil of fetch bit tapered roller 12h or guiding pawl 18h in a large number.If be difficult to, then be difficult to outer side from the 11g of retainer portion to recess 13h supplying lubricating oil, cause insufficient lubrication, organize the rolling of the slyness of this tapered roller 12h.
But the bight 23g that is positioned at the front end of guiding pawl 18h is the obtuse angle, therefore, when the rolling of tapered roller 12h, can reduce the amount of getting tapered roller 12h or guiding near the lubricant oil of pawl 18h of scraping.If like that, then near the lubricant oil tapered roller 12h or the guiding pawl 18h is easily supplied with in recess 13h, reduces the possibility of insufficient lubrication.Thereby, tapered roller 12h is rolled sleekly.Also having, about the guiding pawl 17g～17j of internal side diameter, and the shape of the guiding pawl 18i of outside diameter, also is identical structure, therefore, omits its explanation.
Secondly, the structure of the tapered roller bearing that comprises the above-mentioned retainer 11g of portion is described.Figure 16 is disposed at the summary section of circumferential tapered roller bearing 31g from end on observation, with a plurality of retainer 11g of portion, 11h, 11i, 11j etc.In addition, Figure 17 is the amplification profile of the part represented with XVII in Figure 16.At this, the 11h of retainer portion, 11i, 11j are and the identical shape of the 11g of retainer portion, therefore, omit its explanation.Also have, in Figure 16, omit the tapered roller that remains in the 11g of retainer portion etc., in Figure 16 and Figure 17, be omitted in the recess that the side wall surface of post portion is provided with.In addition,, the retainer portion that disposes at first among a plurality of retainer 11g～11j of portion is made as the 11g of retainer portion, the retainer portion that disposes at last is made as the 11j of retainer portion at this.
With reference to Figure 16 and Figure 17 as can be known, tapered roller bearing 31g possesses: outer ring 32g, inner ring 33g, a plurality of tapered roller 34g and a plurality of retainer 11g～11j of portion.11g～the 11j of retainer portion upwards connected and configuration seamlessly successively in week.At this, at first, dispose the 11g of retainer portion at first, secondly, so that the mode of 11h of retainer portion and the 11g of retainer portion butt, specifically, so that the mode of the end face 21i butt of the end face 21g of the 11g of retainer portion and the 11h of retainer portion is configured.Then, so that the mode of 11i of retainer portion and the 11h of retainer portion butt, specifically, so that the mode of the end face 21k butt of the end face 21j of the 11h of retainer portion and the 11i of retainer portion is configured, successively, configuration retainer portion disposes the 11j of retainer portion at last.Like this, at the circumferential consecutive configuration retainer 11g～11j of portion.In this case, between 11g of retainer portion that starts and the 11j of retainer portion, has circumferential slit 39g.Such slit 39g considers the thermal expansion etc. of the retainer 11g～11j of portion and is provided with.
At this, as mentioned above, the contraction pore of front end of guiding pawl 36g, 37g of side wall surface that is arranged at post portion is few, therefore, the rigidity height of post portion, in addition, can increase guiding pawl 36g, the front end of 37g and the area of contact of tapered roller 34g, the face in the time of can reducing contact is pressed.In addition, can from be positioned at contacting part week recess to the inside to the contacting part supplying lubricating oil, can improve lubricity.Such recess is connected sleekly with the surface of guiding pawl 36g, 37g, and therefore, the outflow of lubricant oil flows into easily.In addition, be difficult to take place stress in the recess of such shape and concentrate, therefore, can reduce damaged possibility.Thereby, can prevent the breakage of the 11h of retainer portion, tapered roller 34g is rolled sleekly.
And then the angle in bight that is located at the front end of guiding pawl 36g, 37g that the 11h of retainer portion is provided with is the obtuse angle.If like that, then can reduce when the rolling of tapered roller 34g, be positioned at the amount that near the lubricant oil of fetch bit tapered roller 34g or guiding pawl 36g, 37g is scraped in the bight of the front end of guiding pawl 36g, 37g.Thereby near the lubricant oil tapered roller 34g or guiding pawl 36g, the 37g is easily supplied with in recess, reduces the possibility of insufficient lubrication.
Also have, in the bight of guiding pawl 36g, 37g chamfering is set and also can.By such setting, can further reduce the bight and scrape the amount of getting lubricant oil.Thereby, tapered roller 34g is further rolled sleekly.
And then as shown in figure 18, the chamfering that is provided with at the bight 42g of guiding pawl 41g can be circular arc (R) surface chamfer.By such setting, bight 42g forms slicker and more sly face, therefore, can further reduce the amount of getting lubricant oil of scraping.
Also have, in the retainer portion of roller guide, the guiding pawl that is arranged at the central authorities of roller length direction in the side wall surface of post portion is made as one, and the week recess to the inside that utilizes the contraction pore to form the contacting part that is positioned at the guiding pawl also can.In addition, in the retainer portion of roller guide, the guiding pawl of roughly total length of length that forms the roller length direction of recess in the side wall surface of post portion is made as one, utilizes and shrinks pore, and the week recess to the inside that forms the contacting part that is positioned at the guiding pawl also can.In addition, in the retainer portion of roller guide, the guiding pawl that the angle that is positioned at the bight of its front end in the side wall surface of post portion forms the obtuse angle is made as one, utilizes and shrinks pore, and the week recess to the inside that forms the contacting part that is positioned at the guiding pawl also can.In addition, be provided with in such bight chamfering also can, chamfering is formed circular arc chamfering also can.
Also have, in the above-described embodiment, shrink the recess that pore is arranged on the week position formation to the inside of contacting part by utilizing, but be not limited to this, utilize cutting etc., the recess that forms to the inside in week that is arranged on contacting part also can.
Also have, such tapered roller bearing is suitable for as the main shaft supporting bearing of the spindle support structure of above-mentioned Fig. 8 and wind-driven generator shown in Figure 9 also can.
That is, the main shaft supporting bearing of the bearing housing of packing into is the tapered roller bearing of another embodiment of the present invention, possesses: the outer ring; Inner ring; The a plurality of tapered rollers that between outer ring and inner ring, dispose; And have the mode of accommodating tapered roller with formation, along the side of the spin axis of bearing upwardly extending a plurality of post portion, and to link the mode of a plurality of post portion, at upwardly extending linking department of week, and between outer ring and inner ring, the retainer portion of a plurality of said structures that dispose upwards connecting successively in week.Retainer portion guide rolls.At this, be provided with: a guiding pawl, and the recess that forms in the week position to the inside of contacting part with the contacting part that contacts with tapered roller at the side wall surface of post portion.
The vanes fixed that main shaft supporting bearing supporting will be born big wind-force is in the main shaft of an end, therefore, need bear big moment loading or axially loading, radially loading etc.At this,, can bear big moment loading etc. by roller is formed tapered roller.
In addition, the spindle support structure of such wind-driven generator comprises the possibility of the breakage that reduces retainer portion, and therefore the tapered roller bearing that tapered roller is rolled sleekly, can realize long lifetime.
Secondly, above-mentioned tapered roller bearing is being made as under the situation of multiple row tapered roller bearing, the encaseing method of the multiple row tapered roller bearing when packing the multiple row tapered roller bearing into running shaft is being described.
Usually, when large-scale tapered roller bearing is enclosed in the upwardly extending running shaft of upper and lower, at first, the side end face, big footpath of inner ring is configured to towards the below configuration tapered roller and retainer on the plane of trajectory orbital of inner ring.Also have, sling with crane etc. and dispose the inner ring of tapered roller and retainer, the running shaft of packing into.
At this, with the path side end face of inner ring towards the below and under the situation under hanging, tapered roller and retainer come off from inner ring.In this case, by about a retainer that parts constitute, link fixedly inner ring and retainer, can prevent coming off of tapered roller etc. by ring-type.But above-mentioned retainer portion was upwards cut apart in week, respectively parts independently.If like that, then, need to link fixedly inner ring and each retainer portion in order to prevent coming off of tapered roller etc., produce a large amount of labours.Its result is difficult to and will disposes the inner ring embedded running shaft of tapered roller and retainer, causes the productivity variation of tapered roller bearing.
At this,, constitute and followingly also can as the multiple row tapered roller bearing of another mode of execution again of the present invention.
Figure 19 is the sectional drawing of the multiple row tapered roller bearing of expression another mode of execution again of the present invention.Figure 20 is the amplification profile of the part represented with XX among Figure 19.With reference to Figure 19 and Figure 20 as can be known, multiple row tapered roller bearing 41 possesses: outer ring 42; So that two inner ring 43a, 43b that the mutual opposed mode of path side end 48a, 48b disposes; The a plurality of tapered roller 44a, the 44b that between outer ring 42 and separately inner ring 43a, 43b, dispose; Above-mentioned a plurality of retainer 45a of portion, the 45b and the liner (not shown) that keep separately tapered roller 44a, 44b; The inner ring liner 46 that between inner ring 43a and inner ring 43b, disposes.
42 are provided with two plane of trajectory orbital 51a in the outer ring.In addition, inner ring 43a, 43b have plane of trajectory orbital 51c, 51d respectively.Tapered roller 44a so that the mode of described rolling surface 52a and plane of trajectory orbital 51a, 51c butt be disposed between outer ring 42 and the inner ring 43a.Equally, tapered roller 44b so that the mode of described rolling surface 52b and plane of trajectory orbital 51b, 51d butt be disposed between outer ring 42 and the inner ring 43b.
At this, outer ring 42 has little flange 49a, 49b at the path side end of tapered roller 44a, 44b.When the packing into of multiple row tapered roller bearing 41, guide surface 50a, the 50b of little flange 49a, 49b respectively can with small end face 53a, the 53b butt of tapered roller 44a, 44b.Also have, guide surface 50a is preferably with plane of trajectory orbital 51a approximate vertical or disposed under the state of tapered roller 44a, with small end face 53a almost parallel.Equally, guide surface 50b is preferably with plane of trajectory orbital 51b approximate vertical or disposed under the state of tapered roller 44b, with small end face 53b almost parallel.
Inner ring 43a has big flange 55a at the big footpath of tapered roller 44a side end, but does not have little lip part at path side end 48a.That is, side end is provided with big flange 55a in the big footpath of inner ring 43a, but is not provided with little lip part at inner ring 43a path side end 48a.The maximum outside diameter size L of the path side end 48a of inner ring 43a 1Inscribed circle diameter size L for tapered roller 44a 2Below (with reference to Figure 20).In addition, inner ring 43b and inner ring 43a in the same manner, side end has big flange 55b in the big footpath of tapered roller 44b, but does not have little lip part at path side end 48b.
Figure 21 is the flow chart of the summary of the step of expression when packing above-mentioned Figure 19 and multiple row tapered roller bearing 41 shown in Figure 20 into running shaft 47.In addition, Figure 22～Figure 26 is the sectional drawing of each configuration of components in each operation of expression.With reference to Figure 19～Figure 26, the encaseing method when packing the multiple row tapered roller bearing 41 of said structure into running shaft 47 is described.
At first, with the big footpath side end 56b of a side inner ring 43b towards the below, the running shaft 47 of packing into (with reference to Figure 21 (A), Figure 22).Then, so that the rolling surface 52b butt of the plane of trajectory orbital 51d of inner ring 43b and a side's tapered roller 44b, the mode of the large end face 54b butt of the guide surface 50d of the big flange 55b of inner ring 43b and tapered roller 44b, configuration tapered roller 44b and the 45b of retainer portion (Figure 21 (B), Figure 23).About the configuration of tapered roller 44b and the 45b of retainer portion, as described above a plurality of retainer 45b of portion were upwards connected on the plane of trajectory orbital 51d that is disposed at inner ring 43b in week a plurality ofly.And then, between the 45b of retainer portion of beginning and the last 45b of retainer portion, dispose liner.In this case, the large end face 54b of tapered roller 44b is configured to the guide surface 50d butt with the big flange 55b of inner ring 43b, and therefore, large end face 54b is blocked by big flange 55b, can not destroy the configuration of tapered roller 44b and the 45b of retainer portion.
Secondly, with the mode of the path side end 48b butt of inner ring 43b, from the last direction running shaft 47 inner ring liner 46 (Figure 21 (C), Figure 24) of packing into.
Then, so that the plane of trajectory orbital 51b butt of the rolling surface 52b of tapered roller 44b and outer ring 42, the small end face 53b butt mode of the guide surface 50b of little flange 49b and tapered roller 44b is from configuration outer ring 42 (Figure 21 (D), Figure 25), top.In this case, little flange 49b is stuck in the small end face 53b of tapered roller 44b, therefore, can not destroy the configuration of outer ring 42.
Secondly, so that the rolling surface 52a butt of the plane of trajectory orbital 51a of outer ring 42 and the opposing party's tapered roller 44a, little flange 49a guide surface 50a and the mode of the small end face 53a butt of tapered roller 44a, configuration tapered roller 44a and the 45a of retainer portion (Figure 21 (E), Figure 26).In this case, also same as described abovely, each 45a of retainer portion etc. is upwards being connected and disposing in week.In addition, in this case, the small end face 53a of tapered roller 44a also is stuck in little flange 49a, can not destroy the configuration of tapered roller 44a and the 45a of retainer portion.
Then, with the big footpath side end face 56a of the opposing party's inner ring 43a towards the top, make the mode of the plane of trajectory orbital 51c butt of the rolling surface 52a of tapered roller 44a and inner ring 43a, from the last direction running shaft 47 inner ring 43a (Figure 21 (F), Figure 19, Figure 20) that packs into.In this case, at the path side end 48a of inner ring 43a little lip part is not set, therefore, tapered roller 44a and inner ring 43a do not disturb.In addition, the maximum outside diameter size L of the path side end 48a of inner ring 43a 1Inscribed circle diameter size L for tapered roller 44a 2Below, therefore, the path side end 48a of inner ring 43a does not disturb with tapered roller 44a, the running shaft 47 of inner ring 43a can being packed into.
Also have, under the state of packing into, the guide surface 50a of small end face 53a, the 53b of tapered roller 44a, 44b and little flange 49a, 49b, 50b butt, but loading puts under the situation of multiple row tapered roller bearing 41, produce the induced axial loading, cause large end face 54a, the 54b of tapered roller 44a, 44b and guide surface 50c, the 50d butt of big flange 55a, 55b.
By such formation, can make packing into the property of multiple row tapered roller bearing 41 good.That is, according to the encaseing method of such multiple row tapered roller bearing 41 as can be known, utilize the 42 little flange 49a that are provided with in the outer ring, can be under the situation of not destroying its configuration, configuration tapered roller 44a and the 45a of retainer portion.In addition, be not provided with little lip part at the path side end 48a of inner ring 43a, therefore, when the packing into of inner ring 43a, inner ring 43a and tapered roller 44a do not disturb.Thereby it is good that packing into property becomes.
In addition, under the state of multiple row tapered roller bearing 41 of packing into, the distance L of the roller length direction of the guide surface 50c of the big flange 55a of inner ring 43a and the guide surface 50a of little flange 49a 3Preferably than the roller length L of tapered roller 44a 4Long (with reference to Figure 20).By like this, plane of trajectory orbital 51a, the 51c of the rolling surface 52a of tapered roller 44a and outer ring 42 and inner ring 43a be butt suitably, therefore, can suitably bear loading by tapered roller 44a.Also have, preferably the relation about the distance of the roller length direction of the guide surface 50b of the guide surface 50d of big flange 55b and little flange 49b and the roller length of tapered roller 44b is also identical.
In addition, the outside dimension of the outer diametric plane of the path side end of preferred inner ring diminishes towards front end.For example, in passing through the section of rotary middle spindle, the line of the outer diametric plane of preferred expression formation path side end and rotating center axis angulation are greater than 0 °.Figure 27 is that expression is contained near the amplification profile the path side end of inner ring of a plurality of multiple row tapered roller bearings.Section shown in Figure 27 passes through rotary middle spindle.In Figure 27, preferred expression constitutes the line 57a and the line 57b angulation θ parallel with the rotary middle spindle of running shaft 47 of the outer diametric plane of path side end 48c 2Greater than 0 °.By like this, the outside dimension of the outer diametric plane of the path side end 48c of inner ring 43c can be reduced towards front end.Thereby when packing inner ring 43c into running shaft 47, inner ring 43c sleekly can pack into.Also have,, the outside dimension of outer diametric plane is diminished towards front end also can with a plurality of planes and the outer diametric plane of curved surface formation.
In addition, in the bight of the outer diametric plane of the path side end of inner ring chamfering being set also can.Figure 28 is the amplification profile that is illustrated in the part of inner ring in this case, corresponding to Figure 27.With reference to Figure 28 as can be known, be provided with the chamfering that section is circular arc (R) shape in the bight 58 of the outer diametric plane of the path side end 48d of inner ring 43d.By such setting, when packing inner ring 43d into running shaft 47, improve operability, it is good that packing into property becomes.Also have, chamfering can be the C chamfering.
Also have, such tapered roller bearing is suitable for as the main shaft supporting bearing of the spindle support structure of above-mentioned Fig. 8 and wind-driven generator shown in Figure 9 also can.
That is, the main shaft supporting bearing 65 of the bearing shell 64 of packing into is tapered roller bearings of another mode of execution again of the present invention, possesses: tapered roller; The outer ring that has little lip part at the path side end of tapered roller; The inner ring that has little lip part at the path side end of tapered roller; Has the recess that at least one keeps tapered roller, a plurality of retainer portion of upwards cutting apart in week.
Main shaft supporting bearing 65 supports the main shaft 66 that the blade 67 that will bear big wind-force is fixed in an end, and therefore, big loading applies, and needs bearing self also for large-scale.At this, if retainer is formed Splittable, constitute as described above, then when packing tapered roller bearing into main shaft 66, can easily pack into.Thereby, can make the productivity of spindle support structure of wind-driven generator good.
Also have, in the above-described embodiment, the situation as the multiple row tapered roller bearing is described, but is not limited to this, also be applicable to situation as single-row tapered roller bearing.In addition, tapered roller bearing comprises liner, but is not limited to this, also is applicable to the tapered roller bearing of the type that does not comprise such liner.In addition, the retainer portion that is contained in tapered roller bearing forms utilization in the shape of cutting apart along the upwardly extending cutting lines in side of axle, but is not limited to this, is applicable to the retainer portion at the different shape of upwards cutting apart in week.
In addition, the tapered roller bearing of another mode of execution again of the present invention possesses: inner ring; The outer ring; A plurality of tapered rollers with the rolling surface that contacts with inner ring and outer ring; Have to form the mode of the recess that keeps tapered roller, along the upwardly extending a plurality of post in the side of axle portion, and to link the mode of this a plurality of post portion, at upwardly extending linking department of week, between inner ring and outer ring, the a plurality of retainer portion that disposes upwards connecting successively in week, roller diameter in the position arbitrarily of the rolling surface of tapered roller is made as D, distance between the plane of trajectory orbital of inner ring in the locating of the roller diameter of tapered roller and outer ring is made as under the situation of d, at at least one position of all tapered rollers rolling surface separately, satisfying D〉d also can.
As above-mentioned structure, position arbitrarily at the circumferencial direction of tapered roller bearing, also distances dd between plane of trajectory orbital can be reduced to than roller diameter D little (below, this relation is called " negative clearance "), prevent the horizontal slip of tapered roller etc. thus, make spinning motion and revolution motion become slick and sly.Its result can suppress the collision between the retainer portion of adjacency, therefore, can prevent to collide the generation of the noise that causes, the wearing and tearing that collide part, and the distortion or the breakage of retainer.
The figure of Figure 29 and Figure 30 tapered roller bearing 81 that to be expression be suitable for as the main shaft supporting bearing of above-mentioned wind-driven generator, Figure 31～Figure 33 are expressions with pack into the figure of method of main shaft 86 of tapered roller bearing 81.
With reference to Figure 29 as can be known, tapered roller bearing 81 possesses: the inner ring 82 of inner loop component 82a, 82b about comprising; Outer ring 83; A plurality of tapered rollers 84; The retainer that comprises a plurality of retainer portion 91; Inner ring liner 85.Also have, about the 91a of retainer portion, its structure is identical with the retainer portion shown in above-mentioned Fig. 2 waits, and therefore, omits explanation.
Inner loop component 82a has: the plane of trajectory orbital 86a on the outer diametric plane; Little lip part 87a on the side end of plane of trajectory orbital 86a; Big lip part 88a on the end side; The a plurality of screw hole 89a that extend vertically in big lip part 88a side.Inner loop component 82b also is identical structure.Also have, this inner loop component 82a, 82b by making mutual little lip part 87a, 87b clip inner ring liner 85 mutually towards disposing, thereby constitute inner ring 82.Outer ring 83 has: multiple row plane of trajectory orbital 83a, 83b corresponding with plane of trajectory orbital 86a, the 86b of inner loop component 82a, 82b and a plurality of through hole 83c that connect in the axial direction.
With reference to Figure 30 as can be known, tapered roller 84 has: small end face 84a; Large end face 84b; Rolling surface 84c with little lip part 87a, the 87b side of small end face 84a towards inner loop component 82a, 82b, is disposed between inner ring 82 and the outer ring 83.In addition, 84c is formed with convex surface at rolling surface, and its summit is positioned at the central authorities of roller length.Also have, " rolling surface " is meant the length of the part with the chamfered section of removing two ends, the face that can contact with plane of trajectory orbital 86a, 86b, 83a, the 83b of inner ring 82 and outer ring 83 when packing bearing into.
The tapered roller bearing 81 of said structure is on to be tapered roller 84 be disposed at axially with multiple row, about the small end face 84a of tapered roller 84 of row between the back side combination bearing that docks.And then, roller diameter in the position arbitrarily of the rolling surface 84c of tapered roller 84 is made as D, under the situation of the d that distance between the plane of trajectory orbital of inner ring 82 in the locating of the roller diameter of tapered roller 84 and outer ring 83 is made as, at at least one position of all tapered rollers 84 rolling surface 84c separately, satisfy D〉d.That is, distance is a negative clearance between plane of trajectory orbital.
Specifically, under the little situation of the loading that puts on tapered roller bearing 81 when loading (light), plane of trajectory orbital 86a, 83a only contact on the summit of convex surface with rolling surface 84c.That is,, form negative clearance (D1〉d1) only on the summit of the convex surface of all tapered rollers 84.Also has d 1Be meant corresponding to distance between the plane of trajectory orbital of the position on the summit of convex surface.
On the other hand, under the big situation of the loading that puts on tapered roller bearing 81 (when heavy burden is heavy), the rolling surface 84c resiliently deformable of tapered roller 84, the area of contact of plane of trajectory orbital 86a, 83a and rolling surface 84c increases.Also have,, form negative clearance (D〉d) in the whole zone of rolling surface 84c of all tapered rollers 84 at whole zone and the plane of trajectory orbital 86a of rolling surface 84c, when 83a contacts.
As above-mentioned structure, bronze drum forms negative clearance with distance between plane of trajectory orbital, prevents the horizontal slip of tapered roller 84 etc., makes spinning motion and revolution motion become slick and sly.Its result can suppress the collision between the retainer portion of adjacency, therefore, can prevent to collide the generation of the noise that causes, the wearing and tearing that collide part, and the distortion or the breakage of retainer.
In addition, by distance between the plane of trajectory orbital of tapered roller bearing 81 is formed negative clearance, loading puts on all tapered rollers 84 via inner ring 82,83.Its result under situation about using under the environment that comprises load area and non-load area, also can support big loading, and, the rigidity of raising tapered roller bearing 81.Also have, " load area " is meant on the circumferencial direction of main shaft, the zone that loading applies, and " non-load area " is meant the zone that loading does not apply.This load area and non-load area manifest under the environment of the load effect of the direction of eccentric regulation when rotated as the main shaft of wind-driven generator.
By the tapered roller bearing 81 of said structure being used as the bearing of the main shaft of supporting wind power generation machine, can access the spindle support structure of the high wind-driven generator of long lifetime and reliability.
Also have, the summit that the tapered roller 84 of above-mentioned mode of execution shows convex surface is positioned at the example of central authorities of the roller length of tapered roller 84, but is not limited to this, can be set in position arbitrarily.In addition, show the example that is formed with convex surface at rolling surface 84c, but the present invention can also be applicable to the tapered roller bearing that has adopted the tapered roller that is not formed with convex surface.
In addition, the tapered roller bearing 81 in the above-mentioned mode of execution shows multiple row, but is not limited to this, can be the bearing of the above multiple row of 3 row for plane of trajectory orbital also for single-row.In addition, tapered roller bearing 81 shows the example of back side combination, but is not limited to this, also can be the bearing of the positive combination of docking between the large end face 84b with tapered roller 84.
Under the situation that forms back side combination, the rotation centerline l of bearing 0, and about the tapered roller 84 of row and the Line of contact l of inner ring 82,83 1, l 2Intersection point α, β between distance (below, be called " between point of action distance ") elongated, therefore, improve rigidity.
In addition, the retainer that is used in the tapered roller bearing of said structure is included in the Splittable retainer of the cut all structure in the position arbitrarily of circumferencial direction.
Secondly, with reference to Figure 31～Figure 33, illustrate pack into the method for main shaft 86 of tapered roller bearing 81.Also have, Figure 31 and Figure 32 are expressions with pack into the figure of state of main shaft 86 front and back of tapered roller bearing 81, and Figure 33 is expression with pack into a side the flow chart of operation of inner loop component 82b of tapered roller bearing 81 of main shaft 86.
Under the situation of the main shaft 86 of large-scale wind driven generator that tapered roller bearing 81 is packed into, on the ground that main shaft 86 is vertically fixing and carry out operation.At first, big lip part 88a side towards the below, is inserted inner loop component 82a and led in main shaft 86.Secondly, will accommodate the retainer portion 91 of tapered roller 84 and liner (not shown) at recess connects successively and is disposed on the plane of trajectory orbital 86a of inner loop component 82a.At this, the cone angle of the tapered roller bearing 81 of the main shaft 86 of supporting wind power generation machine is big usually, therefore, even tapered roller 84 is not restricted on the plane of trajectory orbital 86a, also is stuck in big lip part 88a and can come off.And then, with 85 slotting leading to of inner ring liner in main shaft 86.
Secondly, with reference to Figure 33 as can be known, before the main shaft 86 of packing into, assembling inner loop component 82b and outer ring 83 (S11).Specifically, with big lip part 88b towards the below, mounting inner loop component 82b.Secondly, will connect successively in the retainer portion 91 that recess has been accommodated tapered roller 84 and be disposed on the plane of trajectory orbital 86b of inner loop component 82b.Secondly, the outer ring 83 so that mode that the rolling surface 84c of the plane of trajectory orbital 83b of outer ring 83 and tapered roller 84 suitably contacts is packed into.
Secondly, fixedly connected inner loop component 82b and outer ring 83 (S12).Specifically, utilize screw 93, an end of fixed L font mounting fixture 92 and the screw hole 89b of inner loop component 82b utilize hold-down bars 94, fixedly the through hole 83c of the other end and outer ring 83.Thus, tapered roller 84 suffers restraints between plane of trajectory orbital 86b, 83b, therefore, can not come off.
Secondly, as shown in figure 31, the inner loop component 82b that slings fixedly connected and outer ring 83 (S13), with the plane of trajectory orbital 83a of outer ring 83 towards the below, the main shaft 86 (S14) of packing into.And then, shown in figure 32, confirm the plane of trajectory orbital 83a and the situation that the tapered roller 84 of the inner loop component 82a that packs into suitably contacts of outer ring 83, unload mounting fixture 92.
At last, regulate between the plane of trajectory orbital of inner ring 82 and outer ring 83 apart from d (S15).Specifically, regulate the width dimensions of inner ring liner 85 in advance, between inner loop component 82a, 82b, exert pressure in advance, thus distance between plane of trajectory orbital is set at specified value.
By being made as the above-mentioned step of packing into, in the time of can preventing to pack tapered roller bearing 81 into main shaft 86, the situation that tapered roller 84 and retainer portion 91 come off.Thus, tapered roller bearing 81 becomes easy to packing into of main shaft 86.
In addition, the present invention is applicable to other forms of bearing, and for example, self-aligning roller bearing etc. also can access described effect.But, as mentioned above, between the plane of trajectory orbital of tapered roller bearing the adjusting of distance easy, therefore, we can say that the present invention especially is fit to tapered roller bearing.
Also have, the above-mentioned step of packing into is an example, can append other operations, and the operation of a replacement part etc. also can.In addition, as mounting fixture 92, can adopt can fixedly connected inner loop component 82b and the mounting fixture of all structures of outer ring 83.
And then, viewpoint from versatility, both are provided with the example of screw hole 89a, 89b to be illustrated in inner loop component 82a, 82b, but from the viewpoint of the operation of packing into, only with little lip part 87b side towards below and the inner loop component 82b that packs into is provided with screw hole 89b gets final product.
At this, the spindle support structure of wind-driven generator of the present invention possesses: the blade that bears wind; One end is fixed in blade, the main shaft that together rotates with blade; The tapered roller bearing that main axis rotation is supported freely.Gaze at tapered roller bearing as can be known, possess: inner ring; The outer ring; A plurality of tapered rollers with the rolling surface that contacts with inner ring and outer ring; Have to form the mode of the recess that keeps tapered roller, along the upwardly extending a plurality of post in the side of axle portion, and to link the mode of a plurality of these post portions, at upwardly extending linking department of week, between inner ring and outer ring, a plurality of retainer portion that disposes upwards connecting successively in week.Also have, roller diameter in the position arbitrarily of the rolling surface of tapered roller is made as D, distance between the plane of trajectory orbital of inner ring in the locating of the roller diameter of tapered roller and outer ring is made as under the situation of d, at at least one position of all tapered rollers rolling surface separately, satisfying D〉d also can.
By adopting the tapered roller bearing of said structure, can access the spindle support structure of the high wind-driven generator of long lifetime and reliability.
In addition, as the spindle support structure of wind-driven generator of the present invention, the spindle support structure that forms the wind-driven generator of following structure also can.That is, the spindle support structure of wind-driven generator possesses: the blade that bears wind; One end is fixed in blade, the main shaft that together rotates with blade; With the tapered roller bearing that main axis rotation supports freely, gaze at tapered roller bearing as can be known, possess: inner ring and outer ring and a plurality of tapered rollers with the rolling surface that contacts with plane of trajectory orbital with plane of trajectory orbital.Also have, the tapered roller that this tapered roller bearing forms adjacency is disposed at the bearing of total roller form of the position that can be in contact with one another.
By as above-mentioned structure, as the bearing of the main shaft of supporting wind power generation machine, adopt the tapered roller bearing of total roller form, compare with the tapered roller bearing of same size with retainer, can increase the radical of the tapered roller that can accommodate.Its result, as bearing integral, load capacity increases.
Figure 34 and Figure 35 are the figure of tapered roller bearing 95 of the main shaft 86 of expression supporting wind power generation machine, and Figure 36～Figure 38 is expression with pack into the figure of method of main shaft 86 of tapered roller bearing 95.
With reference to Figure 34 as can be known, tapered roller bearing 95 possesses: the inner ring 96 of inner loop component 82e, 82f about comprising, outer ring 97, a plurality of tapered roller 98 and inner ring liner 85.
Inner loop component 82e has: the plane of trajectory orbital 86e on the outer diametric plane, at the little lip part 87e on the side end face of plane of trajectory orbital 86e, the big lip part 88e on the end side, a plurality of screw hole 89e that extend vertically at the end face of big lip part 88e side.Inner loop component 82f also is identical structure.Also have, this inner loop component 82e, 82f clip inner ring liner 85 mutually towards being configured by making mutual little lip part 87e, 87f, thereby constitute inner ring 96.Outer ring 97 has: corresponding to multiple row plane of trajectory orbital 83e, the 83f of plane of trajectory orbital 86e, the 86f of inner loop component 82e, 82f and a plurality of through hole 83g of connecting vertically.
With reference to Figure 35 as can be known, tapered roller 98 has: small end face 84e, large end face 84f and rolling surface 84g with little lip part 87e, the 87f side of small end face 84e towards inner loop component 82e, 82f, are disposed between inner ring 96 and the outer ring 97.In addition, 84g is formed with convex surface at rolling surface, and its summit is positioned at the central authorities of roller length.
The tapered roller bearing 95 of said structure is on to be tapered roller 98 be disposed at axially with multiple row, about the small end face 84e of tapered roller 98 of row between the back side combination bearing that docks.In addition, be on each plane of trajectory orbital, the tapered roller 98 of adjacency is disposed at the bearing of total roller form of the position that can be in contact with one another.
And then, roller diameter in the position arbitrarily of the rolling surface 84g of tapered roller 98 is made as D, distance between the plane of trajectory orbital of inner ring 96 in the locating of the roller diameter of tapered roller 98 and outer ring 97 is made as under the situation of d, at at least one position of all tapered rollers 98 rolling surface 84g separately, satisfy D〉d.That is, distance forms negative clearance between plane of trajectory orbital.
Specifically, put under the little situation of the loading of tapered roller bearing 95 when loading (light), plane of trajectory orbital 86e, 83e are only in the contact of the summit of convex surface.That is, only form negative clearance (D on the summit of the convex surface of all tapered rollers 98 1D 1).Also has d 1Be meant corresponding to distance between the plane of trajectory orbital of the position on the summit of convex surface.
On the other hand, put on (when heavy burden is heavy) under the big situation of the loading of tapered roller bearing 95, the rolling surface 84g resiliently deformable of tapered roller 98, the area of contact of plane of trajectory orbital 86e, 83e and rolling surface 84g increases.Also have,,, form negative clearance (D〉d) in the whole zone of rolling surface 84g of all tapered rollers 98 at whole zone and the plane of trajectory orbital 86e of rolling surface 84g, when 83e contacts.
Form the tapered roller bearing 95 of total roller form as described above, compare with the tapered roller bearing of the identical size that comprises retainer, the radical of the tapered roller 98 that can accommodate increases.Its result can increase the load capacity of bearing integral.In addition, by distance between plane of trajectory orbital is formed negative clearance, loading puts on all tapered rollers 98 via inner ring 96,97.Its result under situation about using under the environment that comprises load area and non-load area, also can support big loading, and, the rigidity of raising tapered roller bearing 95.
And then, the sense of rotation in the contact position of the tapered roller 98 of adjacency towards mutually opposite, therefore, in the tapered roller bearing 95 of total roller form, the malrotation that the interference of the tapered roller 98 of adjacency causes becomes problem.But, by distance between plane of trajectory orbital is formed negative clearance, can prevent the horizontal slip of tapered roller 98 etc., therefore, the malrotation that the interference between the tapered roller 98 of inhibition adjacency causes.Its result, it is slick and sly that the spinning motion of tapered roller 98 and revolution motion become.
By the tapered roller bearing 95 of said structure being used as the bearing of the main shaft 86 of supporting wind power generation machine, can access the spindle support structure of the high wind-driven generator of long lifetime and reliability.
Also have, the summit that the tapered roller 98 in the above-mentioned mode of execution shows convex surface is positioned at the example of central authorities of the roller length of tapered roller 98, but is not limited to this, can be set in position arbitrarily.In addition, show the example that is formed with convex surface at rolling surface 84g, but the present invention can also be applicable to the tapered roller bearing that has adopted the tapered roller that is not formed with convex surface.
In addition, the tapered roller bearing 95 of above-mentioned mode of execution shows the example of multiple row, but is not limited to this, can be the bearing of the above multiple row of 3 row for plane of trajectory orbital also for single-row.In addition, tapered roller bearing 95 shows the example of back side combination, but is not limited to this, the bearing of the positive combination of docking between also can the large end face 84f for tapered roller 98.
Under the situation that forms back side combination, the rotation centerline l of bearing 0, and about the tapered roller 98 of row and the Line of contact l of Internal and external cycle 96,97 1, l 2Intersection point α, β between distance be that distance is elongated between point of action, therefore, improve rigidity.
Secondly, with reference to Figure 36～Figure 38, illustrate pack into the method for main shaft 86 of tapered roller bearing 95.Also have, Figure 36 and Figure 37 are expressions with pack into the figure of state of main shaft 86 front and back of tapered roller bearing 95, and Figure 38 is expression with pack into the flow chart of main operation of main shaft 86 of a side's of tapered roller bearing 95 inner loop component 82f.
Under the situation of the main shaft 86 of large-scale wind-driven generator that tapered roller bearing 95 is packed into, on the ground that main shaft 86 is vertically fixing and carry out operation.At first, big lip part 88e side towards the below, is inserted inner loop component 82e and led in main shaft 86.Secondly, the plane of trajectory orbital 86e of inner loop component 82e is packed into tapered roller 98.At this, the center of gravity G of tapered roller 98 is positioned at radially inner side than the outer diametric plane of big lip part 88e, therefore, even contacting part is not gone up constraint by plane of trajectory orbital 86e, also is stuck in big lip part 88e, can not come off.And then, with 85 slotting leading to of inner ring liner in main shaft 86.
Owing to blade is subjected to axial loading that wind etc. produces and the tapered roller bearing 95 of the main shaft 86 that the radially loading that produces owing to deadweight of blade etc. and moment loading put on the supporting wind power generation machine.Therefore, in order suitably to support these loadings, with the rotation centerline l of tapered roller bearing 95 3, and with the outer diametric plane of tapered roller 98 in the plane of trajectory orbital 83e position contacting of outer ring 97 be the imaginary line l of the plane of trajectory orbital 83e of outer ring 97 4The angle θ that is become 3(below, be called " wrapping angle ") is set at θ 3〉=40 °.Also have, the wrapping angle of common tapered roller bearing in the past is about 10 °～35 °.
Secondly, with reference to Figure 38 as can be known, before the main shaft 86 of packing into, assembling inner loop component 82f and outer ring 97 (S21), specifically, with big lip part 88e side towards the below, mounting inner loop component 82f.Secondly, tapered roller 98 is packed into the plane of trajectory orbital 86f of inner loop component 82f.Secondly, the outer ring 97 so that mode that the rolling surface 84g of the rolling surface 83f of outer ring 97 and tapered roller 98 suitably contacts is packed into.
Secondly, fixedly connected inner loop component 82f and outer ring 97 (S22).Specifically, utilize screw 93 to fix an end of L font mounting fixture 92 and the screw hole 89f of inner loop component 82f, utilize hold-down bars 94, fixedly the through hole 83g of the other end and outer ring 97.Thus, tapered roller 98 is restricted between plane of trajectory orbital 86f, 83f, therefore, can not come off.
Secondly, as shown in figure 36, hang on fixedly connected inner loop component 82f and outer ring 97 (S23), 97 plane of trajectory orbital 83e is towards the below through the outer ring, the main shaft 86 (S24) of packing into.And then, as shown in figure 37, confirm the plane of trajectory orbital 83e and the situation that the tapered roller 98 of the inner loop component 82e that packs into suitably contacts of outer ring 97, unload mounting fixture 92.
At last, regulate between the plane of trajectory orbital of inner ring 96 and outer ring 97 apart from d (S25).Specifically, regulate the width dimensions of inner ring liner 85 in advance, between inner loop component 82e, 82f, exert pressure in advance, thus distance between plane of trajectory orbital is set at specified value.And then specifically, the summit at the convex surface of all tapered rollers 98 forms negative clearance (D 1D 1).
Also have, the above-mentioned step of packing into is an example, can append other operations, and the operation of a replacement part etc. also can.In addition, as mounting fixture 92, can adopt can fixedly connected inner loop component 82f and the mounting fixture of all structures of outer ring 97.
By being made as the above-mentioned step of packing into, can prevent when packing the tapered roller bearing 95 of total roller form into main shaft 86 situation that tapered roller 98 comes off.Thus, tapered roller bearing 95 becomes easy to packing into of main shaft 86.
In addition, the present invention is applicable to other forms of bearing, and for example, self-aligning roller bearing etc. also can access described effect.But, as mentioned above, between the plane of trajectory orbital of tapered roller bearing the adjusting of distance easy, therefore, we can say that the present invention especially is fit to tapered roller bearing.
At this, the position of centre of gravity of tapered roller 98 is along with wrapping angle θ 3Become big and move to the radially inner side of tapered roller bearing 95.Thereby, the wrapping angle θ of tapered roller bearing 95 of the main shaft 86 of the suitable supporting wind power generation machine of above-mentioned encaseing method and so on 3Big bearing.Also have,, it is also conceivable that roller angle is reduced terrifically to the additive method that radially inner side moves as the position of centre of gravity that makes tapered roller, or the external diameter of big lip part is increased terrifically.But these cause load capacity to reduce, or the rotation of tapered roller becomes unstable, therefore, are not suitable for the bearing of the main shaft 86 of supporting wind power generation machine.
And then, viewpoint from versatility, illustration both are provided with the example of screw hole 89e, 89f at inner loop component 82e, 82f, but from the viewpoint of the operation of packing into, only with little lip part 87f side towards below and the inner loop component 82f that packs into is provided with screw hole 89f gets final product.
Also have, in the above-described embodiment,, use tapered roller, but be not limited to this, use cylinder roller or needle-like roller, bar-shaped roller etc. also can as the roller that is contained in retainer portion.
More than, with reference to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention have been described, but the present invention is not limited to the structure of this illustrated mode of execution.For illustrated mode of execution, in the scope identical, or in the scope of equalization, can carry out various corrections or distortion with the present invention.
Utilizability on the industry
Roller bearing of the present invention effectively utilizes the wind-power electricity generation that prevents in the reduction that requires function The spindle support structure of machine.
In addition, the wind driven generator principal shaft supporting of the present invention effective land productivity of retainer section of roller bearing Be used for requiring the situation of reduction of the function of bearing.
In addition, the spindle support structure of wind-driven generator of the present invention can effectively utilize in requiring merit The situation about preventing of the reduction of energy.

Claims (22)

1. roller bearing, it possesses: the outer ring; Inner ring; The a plurality of rollers that between described outer ring and described inner ring, dispose; Have the recess of accommodating described roller, and a plurality of retainer portion that between described outer ring and described inner ring, disposes along circumferentially connecting successively, wherein,
The resin system of reduction based on the packing material of the linear expansion coeffcient of heat contained in described retainer portion,
With a plurality of described retainer portion along circumferentially seamlessly under the situation of configuration, between the retainer portion of the retainer portion of configuration at first and configuration in the end, have the slit,
At room temperature, the circumferential size in described slit is greater than 0.075% of the circumference of the circle of the central authorities by described retainer portion, and less than 0.12%.
2. roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein,
Described packing material contains any of carbon fiber or glass fibre at least.
3. roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein,
Described resin is a polyether-ether-ketone.
4. roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein,
The linear expansion coeffcient based on heat of described resin is 1.3 * 10 -5/ ℃ more than and 1.7 * 10 -5/ ℃ below.
5. roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein,
The filling ratio of the described packing material in the described resin is more than the 20 weight % and below the 40 weight %.
6. roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein,
Described roller is a tapered roller.
7. roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein,
Described retainer portion has: accommodate the mode of the recess of described roller with formation, in the upwardly extending a plurality of post portion along the side of the spin axis of bearing; And with the mode that links this a plurality of post portion linking department along extending circumferentially,
Described retainer portion guide rolls,
Side wall surface in described post portion is provided with: a guiding pawl with the contacting part that contacts with described roller; And the recess that forms in the week position to the inside of described contacting part.
8. roller bearing according to claim 7, wherein,
Described guiding pawl is arranged in the side wall surface of described post portion, the central authorities of roller length direction.
9. roller bearing according to claim 7, wherein,
The length of the roller length direction of described guiding pawl is the roughly total length of length of the roller length direction of described recess.
10. roller bearing according to claim 7, wherein,
Described recess is to utilize the contraction pore that produces when the described retainer of shaping portion to form.
11. roller bearing according to claim 7, wherein,
With comprising described guiding pawl, and blocked in the section of described retainer portion with the spin axis plane orthogonal of described bearing, the angle in bight that is positioned at the front end of described guiding pawl is the obtuse angle.
12. roller bearing according to claim 11, wherein,
Be provided with chamfering in described bight.
13. roller bearing according to claim 12, wherein,
Described chamfering is a circular arc chamfering.
14. the wind driven generator principal shaft supporting retainer portion of roller bearing, the roller bearing that it is provided to the main shaft of supporting wind power generation machine has the recess of accommodating roller, and is upwards connecting successively in week and disposing, wherein,
The resin system that makes the packing material that the linear expansion coeffcient based on heat reduces is contained in described retainer portion.
15. the wind driven generator principal shaft supporting according to claim 14 retainer portion of roller bearing, wherein,
Described packing material contains any of carbon fiber or glass fibre at least.
16. the wind driven generator principal shaft supporting according to claim 14 retainer portion of roller bearing, wherein,
Described resin is a polyether-ether-ketone.
17. the wind driven generator principal shaft supporting according to claim 14 retainer portion of roller bearing, wherein,
The linear expansion coeffcient based on heat of described resin is 1.3 * 10 -5/ ℃ more than and 1.7 * 10 -5/ ℃ below.
18. the wind driven generator principal shaft supporting according to claim 14 retainer portion of roller bearing, wherein,
The filling ratio of the described packing material in the described resin is more than the 20 weight % and below the 40 weight %.
19. according to the retainer portion of the described wind driven generator principal shaft supporting of claim 14 with roller bearing, wherein,
Have: accommodate the mode of the recess of described roller with formation, in upwardly extending a plurality of post portion along the side of the spin axis of bearing; And with the mode that links this a plurality of post portion linking department along extending circumferentially,
Described retainer portion guide rolls,
Side wall surface in described post portion is provided with: a guiding pawl with the contacting part that contacts with described roller; And the recess that forms in the week position to the inside of described contacting part.
20. the wind driven generator principal shaft supporting according to claim 19 retainer portion of roller bearing, wherein,
Described recess is to utilize the contraction pore that produces when the described retainer of shaping portion to form.
21. the spindle support structure of a wind-driven generator, it comprises: the blade that bears wind-force; The main shaft that one end is fixed in described blade and together rotates with blade; The fixed component of packing into, and the roller bearing that described main axis rotation is supported freely, wherein,
Described roller bearing possesses: the outer ring; Inner ring; The a plurality of rollers that between described outer ring and described inner ring, dispose; Have the recess of accommodating described roller, and a plurality of retainer portion that between described outer ring and described inner ring, disposes along circumferentially connecting successively,
The resin system that makes the packing material that the linear expansion coeffcient based on heat reduces is contained in described retainer portion,
With a plurality of described retainer portion along circumferentially seamlessly under the situation of configuration, between the retainer portion of the retainer portion of configuration at first and configuration in the end, have the slit,
At room temperature, the circumferential size in described slit is greater than 0.075% of the circumference of the circle of the central authorities by described retainer portion, and less than 0.12%.
22. the spindle support structure of wind-driven generator according to claim 21, wherein,
Described retainer portion has: accommodate the mode of the recess of described roller with formation, in the upwardly extending a plurality of post portion along the side of the spin axis of bearing; And with the mode that links this a plurality of post portion linking department along extending circumferentially,
Described retainer portion guide rolls,
Side wall surface in described post portion is provided with: a guiding pawl with the contacting part that contacts with described roller; And the recess that forms in the week position to the inside of described contacting part.
CN2007800333120A 2006-09-08 2007-09-04 Roller bearing, retainer segment for wind-power plant spindle supporting roller bearing, and spindle supporting structure of wind-power plant Active CN101512169B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2006244396A JP5354849B2 (en) 2006-09-08 2006-09-08 Wind generator main shaft support structure
JP2006244397A JP4308234B2 (en) 2006-09-08 2006-09-08 Conical roller bearing for main shaft support of wind power generator and main shaft support structure of wind power generator
JP244397/2006 2006-09-08
JP244396/2006 2006-09-08
JP352462/2006 2006-12-27
JP2006352462A JP2008163999A (en) 2006-12-27 2006-12-27 Conical roller bearing, conical roller bearing incorporating method and main spindle supporting structure of wind power generator
JP148353/2007 2007-06-04
JP148352/2007 2007-06-04
JP2007148352A JP4231082B2 (en) 2007-06-04 2007-06-04 Roller bearing for main shaft support of wind power generator and main shaft support structure of wind power generator
JP2007148353A JP4105750B1 (en) 2007-06-04 2007-06-04 Roller bearings, roller bearing cage segments, and wind turbine main shaft support structure
PCT/JP2007/067199 WO2008029796A1 (en) 2006-09-08 2007-09-04 Roller bearing, retainer segment for wind-power plant spindle supporting roller bearing, and spindle supporting structure of wind-power plant

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CN101512169B CN101512169B (en) 2011-06-22

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US10408267B2 (en) 2019-09-10
US9664231B2 (en) 2017-05-30
WO2008029796A1 (en) 2008-03-13
ES2455015T3 (en) 2014-04-14
EP2511544A1 (en) 2012-10-17
US8764304B2 (en) 2014-07-01
EP2060806A1 (en) 2009-05-20
US20140248018A1 (en) 2014-09-04
US20150226262A1 (en) 2015-08-13
EP2511544B2 (en) 2021-08-18
ES2455228T5 (en) 2022-02-25
EP2060806B1 (en) 2014-01-29
US20180010639A1 (en) 2018-01-11
DK2060806T3 (en) 2014-04-28
CN101512169B (en) 2011-06-22
US9810263B2 (en) 2017-11-07
ES2455228T3 (en) 2014-04-15
US20090324410A1 (en) 2009-12-31
EP2511544B1 (en) 2014-01-29
DK2511544T3 (en) 2014-04-28
EP2060806A4 (en) 2010-09-01

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