CN101502866A - Method for forging goods train buffer thrust cone - Google Patents
Method for forging goods train buffer thrust cone Download PDFInfo
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- CN101502866A CN101502866A CNA2009101033228A CN200910103322A CN101502866A CN 101502866 A CN101502866 A CN 101502866A CN A2009101033228 A CNA2009101033228 A CN A2009101033228A CN 200910103322 A CN200910103322 A CN 200910103322A CN 101502866 A CN101502866 A CN 101502866A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for forging a buffer thrust cone for railway wagon, which is implemented by the following steps of: (1) heating a blank at a temperature ranging from 800 DEG C to 1200 DEG C; (2) putting the blank in an upsetting die to be upsetting-formed to the formed blank having a shape suitable for the sidewall of a pre-forging die cavity; (3) putting the formed blank in the pre-forging die with an annular lock for pre-forging in order to obtain a pre-forged piece having uniform wall thickness; (4) putting the pre-forged piece in a finishing die with the annular lock for finish forging; (5) trimming and finishing the formed forge piece. The invention can effectively prevent eccentric forging, lead to consistent wall thickness of the forged piece and solve the problem of low qualified rate and production rate of the product; in addition, the used forging dies have long service life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the buffer thrust cone of railway freight-car, specifically, relate to a kind of forging method of goods train buffer thrust cone.
Background technology
ST type buffer is railway freight-car plays cushioning effect when brake a device, and it is made up of parts such as casing, thrust cone, friction voussoir, limiting gasket, spring, screw bolt and nut.Thrust cone wherein, friction voussoir, limiting gasket are forging products, and friction voussoir, limiting gasket are simple because of profile, and FMT does not have difficulty.And that thrust cone roughly is is barrel-shaped, and centre bore and three scarves are arranged at its bottom, because the thrust cone structure is comparatively complicated, mold cavity is dark, and distortion is big during forging.The Forging Technology flow process of thrust cone routine is: heating-jumping-up-blocking-finish-forging-side cut, jumping-up is a free compression, the upper and lower mould working face of used heading die is the plane, during work blank between 11,12 liang of working faces of upper and lower mould by jumping-up, because the blanking end face can not be definitely smooth, the blanking end face also can not be definitely vertical with the blank center line, and blank 8 is in free state during jumping-up, and blank 8 is upset askew (as shown in Figure 1) easily.The blocker die cavity is put in each strange land of blank shape of upsetting askew, because the pendulum material is not just, easily causes eccentric the forging, usually is tens of harsh products, and patrix from the root fracture of protuberance, thereby makes blocking mould premature failure just because of the horizontal direction force inequality.And when blocking and finish-forging, because upper and lower mould 21,22 die joints of traditional forge mould are plane (as shown in Figure 2), no clamping mechanism; mould is subjected to the active force of horizontal direction; make the dislocation of upper and lower mould easily, cause the product wall unevenness, thereby cause product size overproof and scrap.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of forging method of goods train buffer thrust cone, and it can effectively prevent eccentric the forging, makes forging wall thickness unanimity, solves product percent of pass and the low problem of production efficiency.
For solving above technical problem, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of forging method of goods train buffer thrust cone, it is characterized in that, and carry out as follows: (1), blank is heated in 800 ℃～1200 ℃ temperature ranges; (2), described blank being put into heading die moulding jumping-up is the profile shaping blank suitable mutually with blocker die cavity sidewall; (3), described shaping blank is put into the blocker blocking of band shape snap close, obtain the uniformly pre-forging of wall thickness; (4), the finisher of described pre-forging being put into band shape snap close carries out finish-forging; (5), the forging after the moulding is cut edge finishing;
Described heading die, comprise first patrix and first counterdie, the bottom of described first patrix is provided with the bowl-type die cavity that is opened on lower surface, be provided with the coaxial line dish pit relative with described bowl-type die cavity on the upper surface of described first counterdie, the edge that the sidewall extended line of described bowl-type die cavity and described dish-shaped pit are tried to get to the heart of a matter intersects;
Described annular snap close is made up of round platform and scrobicular ring that convex-concave on the upper and lower mould die joint of described blocker and described finisher matches, the hole wall matched in clearance of the cylindrical of described round platform and described scrobicular ring leaves the space and forms flash gutters between the bottom surface of the end face of described round platform and described scrobicular ring.
On the opposite face of first patrix of described heading die and described first counterdie, one side, inwardly be provided with relative step surface separately; Before the moulding jumping-up, described blank is placed on the described step surface upsets in advance earlier, scale removal is placed on blank in the dish-shaped pit of described first counterdie then, by described first patrix with blank moulding jumping-up.
The bowl-type die cavity oral area rounding of described first patrix.
Described blocker, comprise second patrix and second counterdie, be provided with first core rod of protrusion in the described second patrix bottom, be provided with first die cavity of indent on the described second counterdie top, described first core rod place described first die cavity and with this first die cavity coaxial line, in the set centre bore of described first core rod middle part and described first die cavity bottom, liftout attachment is housed respectively, described round platform is centered around around first die cavity of described second counterdie with one heart, described scrobicular ring is centered around around first core rod of described second patrix with one heart, the end face of described round platform be the plane and and the bottom surface of described scrobicular ring between leave the space and form the overlap bridge.
Described finisher comprises the 3rd patrix and the 3rd counterdie, be provided with second core rod of protrusion in described the 3rd patrix bottom, be provided with second die cavity of indent on described the 3rd counterdie top, described second core rod place described second die cavity and with this second die cavity coaxial line, in the set centre bore of described second core rod middle part and described second die cavity bottom, liftout attachment is housed respectively, described round platform is centered around around second die cavity of described the 3rd counterdie with one heart, described scrobicular ring is centered around around second core rod of described the 3rd patrix with one heart, the end face of described round platform is the low ladder anchor ring of the high outer shroud of interior ring, leaves the space and form overlap bridge and overlap storehouse between the bottom surface of this ladder anchor ring and described scrobicular ring.
Described liftout attachment comprises push rod, spring, screw and packing ring; described push rod is provided with side head with the level; this push rod passes described spring and is fitted in the set centre bore of described first and second core rod middle part or first and second die cavity bottom by described screw and packing ring; described packing ring is pressed on the step of described push rod head, and described screw passes packing ring and screws in described first and second patrix or first and second counterdie.
Gap between the cylindrical of described round platform and the hole wall of described scrobicular ring is 0.4～0.6mm.
The present invention adopts the moulding jumping-up, is provided with relative bowl-type die cavity and dish-shaped pit in the first upper and lower mould of heading die, and the shape basically identical of bowl-type die cavity and blocking die cavity.During work, blank is placed in the dish-shaped pit, by patrix with blank moulding jumping-up, the Deformation control of blank is in die cavity, and shape is consistent with die cavity, can prevent effectively that the blank rammer is askew, blank is upset into bowl-type at last, and is suitable mutually with blocker die cavity sidewall, can place blocker die cavity center rapidly and accurately, quick centering, can effectively prevent eccentric the forging, not only forging quality is good, and patrix can be because of not being subjected to the cross shear inequality yet, cause protuberance root fracture and scrap, the blocker life-span is long.And on the die joint of the upper and lower mould of blocker and finisher, annular snap close is set, to solve the problem of misalignment of upper and lower mould.The annular snap close is made up of round platform and scrobicular ring that convex-concave matches, and forging die increases annular snap close, and upper and lower mould just can interlocking during forging, thereby upper and lower mould does not misplace when guaranteeing forging, and core rod and die cavity coaxial line make the product wall thickness unanimity that forges.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, can prevent that the blank rammer is askew, the blank behind the jumping-up can place blocker die cavity center rapidly and accurately, thereby effectively prevents eccentric the forging, and the blocker life-span is long, and production cost is minimized;
2, upper and lower mould does not misplace in the time of guaranteeing to forge, thereby makes the product wall thickness unanimity that forges, and product percent of pass improves greatly;
3, reduce mold exchange more and adjust time of mould, constant product quality has improved production efficiency greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of traditional thrust cone heading die.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of traditional thrust cone forge mould.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of heading die of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is among Fig. 3, the vertical view of first counterdie.
Fig. 5 is the work schematic diagram of heading die of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of blocker of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is among Fig. 6, the vertical view of second counterdie.
Fig. 8 is the left view of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of finisher of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
A kind of forging method of goods train buffer thrust cone carries out: (1), blank is heated 800 ℃～1200 ℃ of heating-up temperatures with intermediate frequency furnace as follows; (2), the blank after will heating is placed on the pre-rammer step surface 15 of heading die and upsets in advance, scale removal, then blank 8 being placed in the dish-shaped pit 14 of first counterdie 12 of heading die, is the profile shaping blank suitable mutually with blocker first die cavity 24 sidewalls by first patrix 11 with blank 8 moulding jumping-ups; (3), shaping blank is put into the blocker blocking of band shape snap close, obtain the uniformly pre-forging of wall thickness; (4), the finisher of described pre-forging being put into band shape snap close carries out finish-forging; (5), the forging after the moulding is put into edger, with the bead cutter finishing of cutting edge.
In above-mentioned steps, used heading die, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, described heading die is made up of first patrix 11 and first counterdie 12, is provided with the keyway 16 that location usefulness is installed on first patrix 11 and first counterdie 12, and the bolt mounting groove 17 of fixing upper and lower mould, be provided with the bowl-type die cavity 13 that is opened on lower surface in the bottom of patrix 11, the shape basically identical of the shape of bowl-type die cavity 13 and blocker die cavity, the oral area rounding of bowl-type die cavity 13.On the upper surface of first counterdie 12, be provided with the dish-shaped pit 14 of a dark 3mm, dish-shaped pit 14 and bowl-type die cavity 13 relative and coaxial lines, the edge that the sidewall extended line of bowl-type die cavity 13 and dish-shaped pit 14 are tried to get to the heart of a matter intersects.As shown in Figure 5, during work blank 8 is placed in the dish-shaped pit 14, by first patrix 11 with blank 8 jumping-ups, the Deformation control of blank 8 is in bowl-type die cavity 13, shape is consistent with bowl-type die cavity 13.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, on the opposite face of first patrix 11 and first counterdie, 12 1 sides, inwardly be provided with relative step surface 15 separately, step surface 15 wide 170mm, the dark 50mm of step, this step is used for pre-rammer, so that the oxide skin of blank is removed.
As Fig. 6 and shown in Figure 9, the annular snap close is made up of round platform 25 and scrobicular ring 26 that convex-concave on the upper and lower mould die joint of blocker and finisher matches, the hole wall matched in clearance of the cylindrical of round platform 25 and scrobicular ring 26, gap between the hole wall of the cylindrical of round platform 25 and scrobicular ring 26 is 0.5mm, leaves the space and form flash gutters between the bottom surface of the end face of round platform 25 and scrobicular ring 26.
Particularly, blocker as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, form by second patrix 21 and second counterdie 22, be provided with first core rod 23 of protrusion in second patrix, 21 bottoms, be provided with first die cavity 24 of indent on second counterdie, 22 tops, behind second upper and lower mould 21,22 matched moulds, first core rod 23 of second patrix 21 places the center of first die cavity 24 of second counterdie 22, the axis coaxle of first core rod 23 and first die cavity 24.Annular snap close around first core rod 23 or first die cavity 24 is set on the top of the bottom of second patrix 21 and second counterdie 22, this annular snap close is made up of round platform 25 and scrobicular ring 26 that convex-concave matches, wherein the round platform 25 of Tu Chuing is centered around around first die cavity 24 of second counterdie 22 with one heart, the scrobicular ring 26 of indent is centered around around first core rod 23 of second patrix 21 with one heart, and promptly the die joint of the second upper and lower mould 21,22 is a cascaded surface.The hole wall matched in clearance of the cylindrical of round platform 25 and scrobicular ring 26, the gap is 0.5mm, between the bottom surface of the end face of round platform 25 and scrobicular ring 26, leave the 8mm space and form overlap bridge 27, excess metal during blocking in first die cavity 24 is extruded onto overlap bridge 27 and forms overlap, and it can produce resistance makes metal be full of type first die cavity 24.
As Fig. 6 and shown in Figure 8, be respectively equipped with the stepped central hole that liftout attachment is installed at the middle part of first core rod 23 and the bottom of first die cavity 24, the stepped central hole penetrates the second upper and lower mould 21,22 respectively, and the big end of centre bore lays respectively at the top of second patrix 21 and the bottom of second counterdie 22.Liftout attachment comprises push rod 1, spring 2, screw 3 and packing ring 4, push rod 1 wherein is provided with side head 1a with the level, this push rod 1 passes spring 2 and inserts in the stepped central hole, spring 2 and push rod 1 head are arranged in the big stomidium of centre bore, packing ring 4 is pressed on the step of push rod head 1a, is passed by screw 3 that packing ring 4 screws in second patrix 21 respectively and second counterdie 22 press-fits push rod 1.After blocking is finished, second patrix 21 is up, fore-set on press ram and the workbench respectively downwards and move upward, after passing mould bases the push rod in the second upper and lower mould 21,22 1 is pushed up downwards and upwards respectively, push rod 1 stretches out from the bottom of first core rod 23 and first die cavity 24 respectively, make pre-forging break away from the second upper and lower mould 21,22, spring 2 is used for push rod 1 and resets.
As Fig. 6 and shown in Figure 8, the end face and the bottom surface of second patrix 21 and second counterdie 22 are respectively equipped with locating hole 28, on second patrix 21 and second counterdie 22, also be evenly equipped with 3 installing holes 29 respectively, locating hole 28 is used for second patrix 21 and second counterdie 22 are positioned at upper and lower die holder, by the bolt in the installing hole 29 second patrix 21 and second counterdie 22 is fixed with upper and lower die holder.
Finisher as shown in Figure 9; form by the 3rd patrix 31 and the 3rd counterdie 32; the structure of each part and annexation and above-mentioned blocker are basic identical: second core rod 33 that is provided with protrusion in finisher the 3rd patrix 31 bottoms; be provided with second die cavity 34 of indent on the 3rd counterdie 33 tops; second core rod 33 place second die cavity 34 and with these second die cavity, 34 coaxial lines; in the set centre bore of second core rod, 33 middle parts and second die cavity, 34 bottoms, liftout attachment is housed respectively; the liftout attachment of being adorned in its structure and the blocker is identical; round platform 25 is centered around around second die cavity 34 of the 3rd counterdie 32 with one heart; scrobicular ring 26 is centered around around second core rod 33 of the 3rd patrix 31 with one heart; the hole wall matched in clearance of the cylindrical of round platform 25 and scrobicular ring 26, gap are 0.5mm.Finisher and blocker structure difference are: round platform 25 end faces of the 3rd patrix 31 are the low ladder anchor ring of the high outer shroud of interior ring, wherein leave the 5mm space between the bottom surface of the inner ring surface of round platform 25 end faces and scrobicular ring 26 and form overlap bridge 37, leave the 8mm space between the outer ring surface of round platform 25 end faces and the bottom surface of scrobicular ring 26 and form overlap storehouse 38, can hold unnecessary metal material round the overlap storehouse 38 of overlap bridge 37 peripheries.
Heading die, blocker and finisher all are installed in and form several work steps on same the forge hot forcing press, be fixed with mould bases on forge hot press ram and the horizontal operation table top, first patrix 11 and first counterdie 12 of heading die are directly installed on the mould bases, and second upper and lower mould 21,22 of blocker and the 3rd upper and lower mould 31,32 of finisher are installed on the mould bases respectively with after upper and lower die holder is connected again.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of forging method of goods train buffer thrust cone is characterized in that, carries out as follows: (1), blank is heated in 800 ℃～1200 ℃ temperature ranges; (2), described blank being put into heading die moulding jumping-up is the profile shaping blank suitable mutually with blocker die cavity sidewall; (3), described shaping blank is put into the blocker blocking of band shape snap close, obtain the uniformly pre-forging of wall thickness; (4), the finisher of described pre-forging being put into band shape snap close carries out finish-forging; (5), the forging after the moulding is cut edge finishing;
Described heading die, comprise first patrix (11) and first counterdie (12), the bottom of described first patrix (11) is provided with the bowl-type die cavity (13) that is opened on lower surface, be provided with the coaxial line dish pit (14) relative with described bowl-type die cavity (13) on the upper surface of described first counterdie (12), the edge that the sidewall extended line of described bowl-type die cavity (13) and described dish-shaped pit (14) are tried to get to the heart of a matter intersects;
Described annular snap close is made up of round platform (25) and scrobicular ring (26) that convex-concave on the upper and lower mould die joint of described blocker and described finisher matches, the hole wall matched in clearance of the cylindrical of described round platform (25) and described scrobicular ring (26) leaves the space and forms flash gutters between the bottom surface of the end face of described round platform (25) and described scrobicular ring (26).
2, the forging method of goods train buffer thrust cone according to claim 1 is characterized in that: on the opposite face of first patrix (11) of described heading die and described first counterdie (12) one sides, inwardly be provided with relative step surface (15) separately; Before the moulding jumping-up, earlier described blank is placed on described step surface (15) and goes up pre-the rammer, scale removal is placed on blank in the dish-shaped pit (14) of described first counterdie (12) then, by described first patrix (11) with blank moulding jumping-up.
3, the forging method of goods train buffer thrust cone according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: bowl-type die cavity (13) the oral area rounding of described first patrix (1).
4, the forging method of goods train buffer thrust cone according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described blocker, comprise second patrix (21) and second counterdie (22), be provided with first core rod (23) of protrusion in described second patrix (21) bottom, be provided with first die cavity (24) of indent on described second counterdie (23) top, described first core rod (23) place described first die cavity (24) and with this first die cavity (24) coaxial line, in the set centre bore of described first core rod (23) middle part and described first die cavity (24) bottom, liftout attachment is housed respectively, first die cavity (24) that described round platform (25) is centered around described second counterdie (22) with one heart on every side, first core rod (23) that described scrobicular ring (26) is centered around described second patrix (21) with one heart on every side, the end face of described round platform (25) be the plane and and the bottom surface of described scrobicular ring (26) between leave the space and form overlap bridge (27).
5, the forging method of goods train buffer thrust cone according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described finisher comprises the 3rd patrix (31) and the 3rd counterdie (32), be provided with second core rod (33) of protrusion in described the 3rd patrix (31) bottom, be provided with second die cavity (34) of indent on described the 3rd counterdie (33) top, described second core rod (33) place described second die cavity (34) and with this second die cavity (34) coaxial line, in the set centre bore of described second core rod (33) middle part and described second die cavity (34) bottom, liftout attachment is housed respectively, second die cavity (34) that described round platform (25) is centered around described the 3rd counterdie (32) with one heart on every side, second core rod (33) that described scrobicular ring (26) is centered around described the 3rd patrix (31) with one heart on every side, the end face of described round platform (25) is the low ladder anchor ring of the high outer shroud of interior ring, leaves the space and form overlap bridge (37) and overlap storehouse (38) between the bottom surface of this ladder anchor ring and described scrobicular ring (26).
6, forging method according to claim 4 or 5 described goods train buffer thrust cones, it is characterized in that: described liftout attachment comprises push rod (1), spring (2), screw (3) and packing ring (4), described push rod (1) is provided with side head with the level (1a), this push rod (1) passes described spring (2) and is fitted in described first by described screw (3) and packing ring (4), two core rods (13,23) middle part or first, two die cavitys (14,24) in Di Bu the set centre bore, described packing ring (4) is pressed on the step of described push rod head (1a), and described screw (3) passes packing ring (4) and screws in described first, two patrixes (11,21) or first, two counterdies (12,22).
7, the forging method of goods train buffer thrust cone according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the gap between the hole wall of the cylindrical of described round platform (25) and described scrobicular ring (26) is 0.4～0.6mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101033228A CN101502866B (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2009-03-06 | Method for forging goods train buffer thrust cone |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101033228A CN101502866B (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2009-03-06 | Method for forging goods train buffer thrust cone |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101502866A true CN101502866A (en) | 2009-08-12 |
| CN101502866B CN101502866B (en) | 2011-01-05 |
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| CN102430693A (en) * | 2010-09-11 | 2012-05-02 | 无锡透平叶片有限公司 | Special mould for last-stage blade of large half-speed nuclear turbine |
| CN102886645A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2013-01-23 | 昌利锻造有限公司 | Forging method of railway wagon buffer thrust cone |
| CN103831381A (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2014-06-04 | 马鞍山市恒毅机械制造有限公司 | Forging method of wagon buffer thrust cone |
| CN104874713A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-09-02 | 浙江正昌锻造股份有限公司 | Continuous composite molding technique for oil injectors |
| CN103691859B (en) * | 2013-12-15 | 2016-05-25 | 无锡透平叶片有限公司 | A kind of die-forging forming method of mount pad |
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| CN102430693A (en) * | 2010-09-11 | 2012-05-02 | 无锡透平叶片有限公司 | Special mould for last-stage blade of large half-speed nuclear turbine |
| CN102886645A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2013-01-23 | 昌利锻造有限公司 | Forging method of railway wagon buffer thrust cone |
| CN103691859B (en) * | 2013-12-15 | 2016-05-25 | 无锡透平叶片有限公司 | A kind of die-forging forming method of mount pad |
| CN103831381A (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2014-06-04 | 马鞍山市恒毅机械制造有限公司 | Forging method of wagon buffer thrust cone |
| CN104874713A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-09-02 | 浙江正昌锻造股份有限公司 | Continuous composite molding technique for oil injectors |
| CN106078119A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-11-09 | 北海明杰科技有限公司 | A kind of moulding process of fuel injector |
| CN107931496B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2024-03-12 | 湖南高致精工机械有限公司 | Method for processing fixing clip and upsetting die |
| CN107931496A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-20 | 湖南高致精工机械有限公司 | A kind of method and upset head mould for processing fixing card |
| CN110935835A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-03-31 | 无锡透平叶片有限公司 | Forging die structure for deep-cavity thin-wall forge piece |
| CN112427596A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-02 | 豪梅特航空机件(苏州)有限公司 | Die forging piece forming tool set and forming process based on finite element analysis method |
| CN113751650B (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2023-11-24 | 晋西铁路车辆有限责任公司 | Bidirectional upsetting-ball forging device |
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| CN101502866B (en) | 2011-01-05 |
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