CN101460780A - Flame burner and method for flame burning a metallic surface - Google Patents

Flame burner and method for flame burning a metallic surface Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101460780A
CN101460780A CNA2007800204384A CN200780020438A CN101460780A CN 101460780 A CN101460780 A CN 101460780A CN A2007800204384 A CNA2007800204384 A CN A2007800204384A CN 200780020438 A CN200780020438 A CN 200780020438A CN 101460780 A CN101460780 A CN 101460780A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
nozzle
flame burner
oxygen
central authorities
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CNA2007800204384A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
E·埃弗兹
R·埃弗兹
S·埃弗兹
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Egon Evertz KG GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Egon Evertz KG GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Egon Evertz KG GmbH and Co filed Critical Egon Evertz KG GmbH and Co
Publication of CN101460780A publication Critical patent/CN101460780A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/38—Torches, e.g. for brazing or heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles
    • F23D14/56—Nozzles for spreading the flame over an area, e.g. for desurfacing of solid material, for surface hardening, or for heating workpieces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles
    • F23D14/58—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/5211—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace
    • C21C5/5217—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace equipped with burners or devices for injecting gas, i.e. oxygen, or pulverulent materials into the furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00012—Liquid or gas fuel burners with flames spread over a flat surface, either premix or non-premix type, e.g. "Flächenbrenner"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/14—Special features of gas burners
    • F23D2900/14642—Special features of gas burners with jet mixers with more than one gas injection nozzles or orifices for a single mixing tube
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Abstract

The invention relates to a flame burner having a nozzle (10) disposed in a head, wherein in addition to annularly disposed gas supply channels (11) the nozzle has a central gas supply opening (12), which has a laval nozzle-like region and a stabilizing region having a consistent diameter connected thereto in the flow direction. In order to flame burn a metallic surface the oxygen gas guided through a central nozzle of a flame burner is incited to oscillate in such a manner, such that a pulsating oxygen flow exiting the nozzle mouth is formed at the speed of sound, or at supersonic speed.

Description

Flame burner and the method that is used for the metal surface is carried out scafing
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flame burner, it has a nozzle that is arranged in the head, and this nozzle also has the gas input hole of central authorities except the gas input passage of annular setting.
The present invention also relates to a kind of method that is used for by means of described flame burner the metal surface being carried out scafing in addition.
Background technology
In described flame burner, combustion gas guides to a nozzle head by the gas input passage of annular setting, and it is there with the oxygen mix of carrying by the gas input part of central authorities and form combustion flame.Flame burner is used for different application purposes.Therefore for example often occur the crackle do not expected when the slab that cooling is made by casting in its surface, these crackles must be removed by surface treatment.Same situation also is applicable to burr or the overlap that for example produces by cutting at the processing slab.Flame burner guides along relevant surfaces, is used to get rid of blemish, and this can realize with manual burner or flame automatics, in the flame automatics on a controllable robots arm fixing flame burner.
The surface-treated processing cost is mainly determined by process time and gas consumption, must guarantee enough surface quality simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, realize a kind of flame burner and a kind of method that is used to carry out scafing, it is possible needing the surface quality of the optimization of the workpiece handled under the situation of as far as possible little oxygen expenditure and process time.
Advise flame burner of in claim 1, describing and the method for in claim 9, describing in order to achieve the above object.
Further scheme of the present invention is described in the dependent claims.
Have a nozzle by flame burner of the present invention, this nozzle has a plurality of gas input passage, and they are provided with around the gas input hole of central authorities circlewise.The oxygen input hole streamwise of central authorities is observed has at least three in succession zones each other, i.e. contraction has the 3rd zone that the identical cross-sectional profiles of maintenance preferably has the columniform internal diameter that keeps identical until the first area of minimum diameter, a second area with one, and the inner peripheral surface expansion is up to a diameter bigger with respect to described minimum diameter in second area.The cross section portion of narrowing down until a cut off diameter size of internal diameter is important, then a diameter expansion portion.Last the 3rd zone with the cross-sectional profiles that keeps identical is used to keep the flow curve that produced as the stabilisation ring.Can produce the gas jet of pulse by means of this frame mode, it has velocity of sound or supersonic speed at nozzle exit end.The ratio of oxygen pressure before nozzle and the ratio between the environmental pressure and oxygen pressure on the jet expansion face and environmental pressure is determined the curve of gas.If the pressure on the jet expansion face is lower than environmental pressure, the gas jet of Pai Chuing has the shape that narrows down in the The initial segment of nozzle back so, on the contrary, expands in opposite ratio barrel-shapedly.If before nozzle and at the oxygen pressure of nozzle exit, equal environmental pressure respectively, obtain the envelope curve of orthoscopic of the initial segment of effluent air so.
Depend on input pressure, shrinkage degree and degree of expansion particularly by attainable pulse frequency of nozzle and amplitude.The supersonic jet of the disorder of the non-equipressure that produces shows the otherness on the strong space of velocity field and pressure field, and they cause producing discontinuous state variation, and the compression shock and the layer that promptly have the pulsed of big velocity gradient move.Flowing velocity and pressure fluctuation cause the frequency spectrum of pulsing.From certain numerical value, in described nozzle, reach velocity of sound partly at the nozzle throat area of critical minimum medium velocity, when surpassing velocity of sound compression and zone thinning of pulsed appears as pulse.This shock wave can constitute barrel-shaped fluidal texture, and the oxygen pressure in the nozzle and the ratio and the so-called Mach number of environmental pressure are depended in its compression successively, and this Mach number is the gas velocity on the jet expansion face and the ratio of velocity of sound.Flame burner has the nozzle by the form formation of Laval nozzle in principle, and it constitutes resonator with the 3rd zone as " stabilisation ring ".
Set within the scope of the invention in principle, first and second zones still also can comprise short segmentation at this directly in succession, and diameter minimum in segmentation is constant.In the segmentation of described weak point, keep flowing velocity.
In the present invention, the gas input hole of central authorities also finished before a plane slightly, and this plane is determined that by some openings the gas input passage that annular is provided with finishes in these openings.Comprise following scheme within the scope of the invention too, a plurality of gas input passage rings wherein are set with one heart, these loop order ladder type ground finish in the Different Plane of the tap back of mesotube.
Preferably for the reason of flow technique, the length of first area is less than the length of second area, and preferred also less than the length in the 3rd zone.The 3rd zone can must be longer than, equal or even be shorter than the length overall in first and second zones according to the different choice of pulse characteristic of expectation.
By another form of implementation of the present invention, the diameter in the 3rd zone is less than the maximum outlet diameter at the central gas input hole of first area beginning place.For optimizational function, trizonal diameter and length are coordinated like this, make that gas is the outflow of pulsed ground on nozzle exit end, and the preferred pulse frequency is between 100 to 650Hz.In the gas input hole of central authorities under the situation of the predetermined numerical value of oxygen pressure and gaseous-pressure the preferred maximum air velocity that has 2 Mach.
Nozzle can constitute slick and sly or concentric on cross section, and especially Zhong Yang gas input hole has circular cross section, extends at least one ring (possible two rings) around it, is useful on other gas input hole of combustion gas on described ring.
As known by prior art in principle, nozzle head preferably is cooled, and wherein especially provides water as cooling fluid.
By of the present invention being used for the metal surface for example is characterised in that the method that slab carries out scafing, the oxygen of the nozzle guide of the central authorities by flame burner is made to form to have velocity of sound or the ultrasonic oxygen flow that leaves the pulse of jet hole by exciting.The oxygen flow of pulse is made of compressional wave, i.e. the pressure of oxygen gas compression and pressure thinning periodically each other in succession.By this measure not only the oxygen flow of central authorities obtain pulsation, and the combustion gas that flows into along circumference is by exciting.The result obtains the obvious saving of oxygen expenditure and the smooth surface of the metalwork processed by scafing.Optimizing technology parameters especially is sent to oxygen flow oxygen in the nozzle and exerts pressure and select like this according to nozzle geometry, makes oxygen flow be divided into the air-flow of central authorities and the air-flow of circumference.At oxygen pressure before the nozzle of central authorities and the ratio N=p between the environmental pressure 0/ p uPreferably between 1 to 200, opposite oxygen pressure p on the jet expansion face aWith environmental pressure p uBetween ratio between 0.1 to 100.
Description of drawings
Below by means of description of drawings other form of implementation of the present invention and details.Wherein:
Fig. 1 shows by the side view of the nozzle of flame burner of the present invention and the combination of longitudinal section;
Fig. 2 shows the vertical view of nozzle;
Fig. 3 a to 3d shows the cross-sectional view of the gas input hole of the central authorities with different airflow shaped respectively.
The specific embodiment
Be arranged on nozzle 10 in the head by the core component of the flame burner of Fig. 1 and 2, it also has the gas input hole 12 of central authorities except the gas input passage 11 of annular setting.This and particularly in Fig. 2 as seen, gas enters hole 111 and 112 and lays respectively on the ring that extends with one heart around gas input hole 12.Angular separation α is specified to 360/n by quantity n.At this, gas input passage 111 and 112 is led to the gas input passage 11 of an annular, as seen from Figure 1.The mixture of passage 112,111 and 11 guiding gas or oxygen and combustion gas, the gas input passage 12 of opposite central authorities is used for delivering oxygen.
Shown in total length L on, central authorities gas input hole 12 be divided into a plurality of area L 1, L 2, L 4, L 3, and L k, perhaps L 1, L cAnd L k, above-mentioned zone has special significance.Gas enters area L 1With respect to the zone that enters of in the nozzle known, adopting by prior art.The shape of the Laval nozzle form of first input channel 12 of opposite central authorities is novel, and its development length is L cThis form of nozzle determines that by a zone nozzle inside diameter is until the critical diameter d of a minimum in this zone Min, this cut off diameter is in length L 4Last maintenance (also seeing Fig. 3).Along in the airflow direction 13 back to back zones, the inner peripheral surface of gas input hole 12 is extended to bigger diameter d continuously k(see figure 3), this diameter until the end of nozzle at residue length L kOn remain unchanged.Size below in specific embodiment, selecting: L 1=43mm, L 2=10mm, L 3=25mm, L 4=2mm and L k=72mm.L 1, L 2, L 3And L 4When given oxygen and gaseous-pressure, remain unchanged, and length L kAlso can change over 65mm or 25mm.
The cross-sectional view of the gas input hole of central authorities is only described in zone that constitutes Laval nozzle and stabilizing area in Fig. 3.The interior oxygen gas in zone that flow into the Lavalle formula has pressure P 0And temperature T 0Exit in the zone of this Lavalle formula is just at length areas L cEnd, pressure is P ANozzle is the first area of shrinking conically and is labeled as 121, and the zone marker of the taper shape expansion of back to back nozzle is 122, and the zone marker that has constant diameter at last is 123, and presses Fig. 3 demonstration.Fig. 3 a to 3d is according to input pressure p 0Different situations show air pulsing, they show as compressional wave, wherein higher pressure and lower pressure alternately take place.In addition as seen, according to the input pressure p that selects 0Different situations also narrowlyer or widely constraint by around the oxygen flow of the central authorities that surround of fuel gas flow.Length L kDepend on what size can stable pulse oxygen flow.
Not only manual utensil can be constituted by flame burner of the present invention, and the flame automatics can be constituted.The pressure that is used for oxygen gas is imported in the medium pore to be adopted is between 5 to 20 crust.The natural gas that is used as combustion gas mainly comprises methane, is applied under the pressure of 1 to 5 crust.Methane is by nozzle entrance 111 inputs, and it and the oxygen mix of importing by nozzle entrance 112 make oxygen-methane mixture flow to nozzle exit end by looping pit 11 on circumference.Be positioned at supersonic envelope during at predetermined oxygen pressure and gaseous-pressure and until 2 Mach in the speed of making every effort in the pipe 112 in central authorities under the described situation of exerting pressure of oxygen flow.
In test, obtain following result with flame burner:
At first adopt and have traditional first flame burner and be used for slab is carried out scafing by the known nozzle of prior art.Nozzle by central authorities imports about 12 * 10 5The oxygen of Pa pressure, and nozzle importing 2 * 10 by being provided with along circumference 5The combustion gas of Pa pressure.
Then, adopt flame burner with nozzle of the present invention.Because the pressure pulse that occurs, recoil becomes big like this, makes 12 * 10 5Can not carry out hand scarfing during the oxygen pressure of Pa.Therefore oxygen pressure is dropped to 8 * 10 5Pa, opposite gaseous-pressure remains unchanged.
Surprisingly the amount of oxygen that under first kind of situation, in the flame operation, consumes 370 to 390m 3Between.For identical flame operation, under the situation that adopts nozzle of the present invention, only need 90 to 100m 3, this shows can obtain significant oxygen saving.

Claims (11)

1. flame burner, it has a nozzle (10) that is arranged in the head, this nozzle also has the gas input hole (12) of central authorities except the gas input passage (11,111,112) that annular is provided with, it is characterized in that: gas input hole (3) streamwise (13) of central authorities has directly each other zone in succession, that is:
A) first area (121), it shrinks until minimum diameter (d Min);
B) second area (122), inner peripheral surface is expanded up to one with respect to described minimum diameter (d in second area Min) bigger diameter (d k); With
C) the 3rd zone (123), it is until jet expansion, and has the cross-sectional profiles that keeps identical, preferably has the columniform internal diameter that keeps identical.
2. flame burner according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the length (L of first area (121) 2) less than the length (L of second area (122) 3).
3. flame burner according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the diameter (d of the 3rd zone (123) k) less than the maximum outlet diameter of (121) beginning place in the first area.
4. according to the described flame burner of one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described trizonal diameter and length are coordinated with each other like this, make that gas is the outflow of pulsed ground on nozzle exit end.
5. flame burner according to claim 4 is characterized in that: in the pulse frequency on the nozzle exit end between 100 to 650Hz.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described flame burners, it is characterized in that: maximum air velocity is 2 Mach under the situation of the predetermined numerical value of oxygen pressure and gaseous-pressure, i.e. the twice of velocity of sound.
7. according to the described flame burner of one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: the gas input hole (12) of central authorities has circular cross section.
8. according to the described flame burner of one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: nozzle head (10) is liquid cooling, especially water-cooled.
9. be used for the metal surface is carried out the method for scafing, it is characterized in that, the oxygen gas of the nozzle guide of the central authorities by flame burner (10) is made to form to have velocity of sound or the ultrasonic oxygen flow that leaves the pulse of jet expansion by exciting.
10. the method that is used to carry out scafing according to claim 9 is characterized in that: oxygen flow is divided into the air-flow of central authorities and the air-flow of circumference.
11. the method according to claim 9 or 10 is characterized in that: at oxygen pressure before the nozzle of central authorities and the ratio N=p between the environmental pressure 0/ p uPreferably between 1～200, opposite oxygen pressure p on the jet expansion face aWith environmental pressure p uBetween ratio between 0.1～100.
CNA2007800204384A 2006-07-22 2007-05-18 Flame burner and method for flame burning a metallic surface Pending CN101460780A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006034014A DE102006034014A1 (en) 2006-02-23 2006-07-22 Flame deseaming burner has nozzle arranged in head and circularly arranged gas supply channels has central gas supply opening
DE102006034014.0 2006-07-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101460780A true CN101460780A (en) 2009-06-17

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CNA2007800204384A Pending CN101460780A (en) 2006-07-22 2007-05-18 Flame burner and method for flame burning a metallic surface

Country Status (10)

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US (1) US20090214990A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2044366A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2009544925A (en)
KR (1) KR20090037894A (en)
CN (1) CN101460780A (en)
BR (1) BRPI0715425A2 (en)
DE (1) DE102006034014A1 (en)
EA (1) EA012772B1 (en)
MX (1) MX2009000447A (en)
WO (1) WO2008011851A1 (en)

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CN113757660A (en) * 2021-09-29 2021-12-07 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司 Burner and gas stove

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JP7032473B2 (en) * 2020-05-12 2022-03-08 リケンテクノス株式会社 Antibacterial hard coat and its manufacturing method
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113757660A (en) * 2021-09-29 2021-12-07 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司 Burner and gas stove
CN113757660B (en) * 2021-09-29 2023-08-29 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司 Burner and gas stove

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20090037894A (en) 2009-04-16
MX2009000447A (en) 2009-03-03
DE102006034014A1 (en) 2007-10-31
US20090214990A1 (en) 2009-08-27
WO2008011851A1 (en) 2008-01-31
EP2044366A1 (en) 2009-04-08
EA012772B1 (en) 2009-12-30
EA200802429A1 (en) 2009-06-30
BRPI0715425A2 (en) 2013-01-01
JP2009544925A (en) 2009-12-17

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Open date: 20090617