CN101391291B - Metal matrix composition home-position synthesizing method in combined electric magnetic field - Google Patents
Metal matrix composition home-position synthesizing method in combined electric magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN101391291B CN101391291B CN2008102349793A CN200810234979A CN101391291B CN 101391291 B CN101391291 B CN 101391291B CN 2008102349793 A CN2008102349793 A CN 2008102349793A CN 200810234979 A CN200810234979 A CN 200810234979A CN 101391291 B CN101391291 B CN 101391291B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for continuously producing particle reinforced metal matrix composites in an industrial scale, which adopts the synthesis of metal matrix composites in a combination magnetic field. The method is characterized in that: the combination of a rotating magnetic field and a travelling wave magnetic field is adopted to synthesize a preparation particle reinforced metal matrix composite fused mass in the in-situ synthesis process of composites. The low frequency rotating magnetic field is placed at the outer side of a composite material molten pool, and the center of a coil of the magnetic field and the center of the fused mass are at the same height; and the travelling wave magnetic field is exerted at the bottom part of the composite material molten pool, and the coil center of the travelling wave magnetic field and the center of the composite material molten pool are at the same position. The composite material particle reinforced phases prepared by the method are distributed evenly and thinned, interior tissues are compact and have no structural defects such as loosening and hole shrinkage, the degree of finish of external surfaces of casting blanks is high, defects are eliminated, and the friction resistance and the abrasion resistance of the composites are obviously improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of material, specially refer to the new method of the metal-base composites of the synthetic endogenetic particle wild phase of fusant reaction under a kind of combined electric magnetic field.
Background technology
Particles reiforced metal-base composition has become a kind of application novel metal functional material more and more widely because of having compound architectural feature and good physics and chemistry and mechanical property.Press the wild phase pattern and divide, metal-base composites mainly is divided into particles reiforced metal-base composition and fiber-reinforced metal matrix composite two big classes.The outstanding advantage of particles reiforced metal-base composition is the specific strength height, strengthen that the body cost is low, microstructure evenly, the material property isotropism, can adopt conventional machining process to carry out post forming etc.What at present, the preparation method of particles reiforced metal-base composition was ripe mainly contains two kinds: add enhancing particle method and reaction in-situ method of formation.Add and strengthen the particle method and add with metal bath and strengthen particle and stir and synthesize the master; It is to add in the metallic matrix liquation or feed the alloying element or the compound that can generate second phase that reaction in-situ generates principle that the particle legal system is equipped with particles reiforced metal-base composition, react with the metallic matrix liquation at a certain temperature, form original position and strengthen particulate composite.
Above-mentioned two kinds of methods that prepare particles reiforced metal-base composition respectively have characteristics, but the maximum difficult point in its preparation process is an identical problem, promptly how under the prerequisite that guarantees the metal substrate performance, size, distribution, pattern and the particle of control particle wild phase and the features such as interface wet ability of parent metal, to guarantee that composite has even tissue, densification, tiny, the disperse of particle, targets such as material high comprehensive performance.The most effectual way that addresses this problem is to adopt the melt paddling process, and the paddling process of research report and industrial application comprises mechanical mixing method, gas paddling process and electromagnetic stirring method.Mechanical mixing method is the simplest direct method, owing to exist efficient low, agitating device pollution metal melt and to shortcomings such as the inner band of melt slags is unfavorable for that large-scale continuous production adopts and improve the quality of products.The deficiency of gas paddling process mainly be stirring intensity limited, stir inhomogeneous and blowing gas band slag contaminated melt etc., also be unfavorable for improving the quality of products.Electromagnetic agitation realizes contactless stirring, does not destroy the oxide-film and the top flux shielding layer in molten bath, can not bring pollution to melt, and stirring intensity is easy to realize accuracy controlling, uses more and more widely in metallurgical and material preparation process.
At present, single electromagnetic field stirring action preparation metal-base composites has down had the several patents technology, as Chinese patent: CN 1667147C, open day be: 2005.9.14, denomination of invention is: a kind of preparation method of endogenous particle reinforced aluminium-based composite material, this patent propose to adopt melting-reaction method+electromagnetic agitation processing+semi-continuous casting integrated technology.This method is to join in the aluminum or aluminum alloy of fusion under a certain temperature with containing the compound that strengthens the particle forming element, apply electromagnetic agitation simultaneously, make it abundant reaction, and make endogenetic particle distribution uniform in melt, the Composite Melt that obtains becomes bar through D.C.casting.Chinese patent: CN 101199989, the alien frequencies composite electromagnetic is the method for continuous casting particulate reinforced metal matrix composite after the match, proposition applies low frequency alternating magnetic field in the Composite Melt preparation process: frequency is 5～50Hz, and power bracket is 5～60kW, carries out electromagnetic agitation.The above electromagnetic field preparation magnetic field that particulate reinforced composite adopted down all is that magnetic field is stirred in single rotation, electromagnetic field also plays tangible action effect, but along with the development of technology and to the raising of composite property, quality requirement, the problem that down synthetic metal-base composites existence is stirred in single magnetic field shows especially gradually, stir down in particularly single magnetic field, compatible being prone to partially of particle gathered, and forms local dense or cluster shape and distributes, and causes the structure property of material inhomogeneities to occur.The reason of analyzing this problem generation is as follows:
Because particle wild phase and parent metal melt there are differences aspect physical property, has the discrete feature of heterogeneous body so contain the metal bath of particle wild phase, the electromagnetic force that particle wild phase and the parent metal difference aspect electromagnetic property is subjected to both is inconsistent, and since particle and parent metal liquid in density, the wetability aspect there are differences, particle is poly-partially easily in metal bath, for example, when applying the rotating excitation field stirring, if the density of particle phase is more greater than the density of melt, particle is under the effect of rotary centrifugal force, and is peripheral poly-partially to melt.When applying the travelling-magnetic-field stirring, nonmagnetic particle is not subjected to the electromagnetic force effect mutually, and in the whipping process, because the density variation between particle phase and melt, particle is easy to float or precipitation mutually about melt, the recovery rate decline of wild phase.Therefore, the electromagnetic agitation that the metal bath that contains the particle wild phase is applied single magnetic field also is difficult to obtain very desirable effect.
Stir the problems referred to above that exist down for solving single magnetic field, the applicant has proposed the new method of synthetic metal-base composites under the combination field, makes particle obtain more effectively thinning effect in the parent metal melt and reaches ideal uniform distribution effect.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: at the subject matter of at present synthetic particles reiforced metal-base composition existence, provide a kind of commercial scale continuous to be combined to the method for particles reiforced metal-base composition, being the particles reiforced metal-base composition melt synthesizes down in combination field electromagnetic agitation (EMS) effect, obtains blank or mold casting forming is made foundry goods through semi-continuous casting.
Basic ideas of the present invention are: apply rotating excitation field (R-EMS) and travelling-magnetic-field (T-EMS) simultaneously in the building-up process of particulate reinforced composite and carry out electromagnetic agitation under the resultant field, the rotating excitation field electromagnetic agitation realizes the circular motion of metal bath, promptly rotatablely move, travelling-magnetic-field is realized vertical (up and down) stirring movement of metal bath, therefore, under rotating excitation field and travelling-magnetic-field acting in conjunction, metal bath is realized the motion of helical type.Helical type under the combination field stirs the deficiency that can overcome single magnetic field electromagnetic agitation, makes more evenly refinement of the distribution of particle in melt, and its principle is analyzed as follows in conjunction with Fig. 1:
Apply 1 pair of Composite Melt of rotating excitation field 2 in the outside in the composite molten bath 3 that the thermal insulation fire-resistant material is made and carry out electromagnetic agitation, then Composite Melt is based on the circular motion (Figure 1A) (forcing to stir free convection down can ignore) of horizontal direction, low frequency rotating excitation field electromagnetic agitation (R-EMS) that Chinese patent: CN101199989 mentions that Here it is, this stirs the magnetic field effect down, the rotation laminar motion of melt is difficult to overcome the particle phase distributional difference that particles settling or come-up cause the differing heights direction, and, particle is under the circular motion action of centrifugal force, the deflection molten bath is agglomerated into bulky grain all around and is caught by the refractory material lining easily, and this is the weak point of the single R-EMS of applying.If do not apply rotating excitation field 1, but apply travelling-magnetic-field 4 (Figure 1B) in bottom, composite molten bath, promptly implement travelling-magnetic-field electromagnetic agitation (T-EMS), then Composite Melt is vertical (up and down) motion under the effect of magnetic field, and the deficiency of single this alr mode of employing is to exist local dead band and part to be subjected to stirring area strongly in the molten bath, and promptly mixing uniformity is poor, in addition, single vertical stirring can be quickened the sedimentation or the come-up of the compound phase of particle, and the recovery rate of wild phase is not high, causes composite effect bad.If apply rotating excitation field 1 and travelling-magnetic-field 4 (Fig. 1 C) simultaneously, the combination field that promptly adopts the present invention to propose, then Composite Melt presents the effect of helical stir, stirring intensity effectively improves, particularly can effectively eliminate stirring " dead band ", this combination field stirs the advantage of collection R-EMS and two kinds of stirrings of T-EMS, has remedied the deficiency of using single magnetic field to stir.
Based on above-mentioned thinking, realize that technical scheme of the present invention is:
The method of the synthetic metal-base composites of fusant reaction under a kind of combination field: be to adjust to the synthetic initial temperature of reaction after the metal bath refining, adding can generate particle reactant mutually with the melt in situ reaction and carry out synthetic reaction, applies rotating excitation field and travelling-magnetic-field simultaneously in the reaction building-up process; Question response finishes, and pours into a mould after leaving standstill pouring temperature.
Saidly in the inventive method apply rotating excitation field and travelling-magnetic-field simultaneously in the building-up process in reaction, concrete operation is: settle the low frequency rotating excitation field in the outside, composite molten bath, the installation site is determined according to melt height in the molten bath, field coil center and melt center are at sustained height, the electromagnetic parameter scope of low frequency magnetic field is frequency: 0.5～100Hz, operating current: 1～1000A regulates electromagnetic parameter according to the stirring intensity of melt; Bottom in the composite molten bath applies travelling-magnetic-field, the center in travelling-magnetic-field hub of a spool and composite molten bath is at same position, the electromagnetic parameter scope of travelling-magnetic-field is frequency: 0.5～100Hz, and operating current: 1～1000A regulates electromagnetic parameter according to the stirring intensity of melt.
The method is characterized in that in the building-up process of metal-base composites to apply rotating excitation field, apply travelling-magnetic-field, under the combination field that rotating excitation field and travelling-magnetic-field constitute, synthesize from the molten bath base plate from the side, molten bath.This method can be used for adding particle wild phase method and the reaction in-situ synthetic method prepares composite to melt.
Use specifically being characterized as of this invention:
After the composition of the parent metal liquation in the composite molten bath and reacting initial temperature reach, can spray into composite molten bath 2 with the reactant of molten metal reaction generation particle wild phase by spray gun 5, open combination field, regulate the electromagnetic parameter of combination field, make Composite Melt stir certain hour, make Composite Melt.If the employing vacuum condition is synthetic down, on the molten bath, add the bell 6 (Fig. 2) of band sealing.
Compared with prior art the advantage that has of the present invention mainly is that bath agitation efficiency improves, and mixing time shortens, and mixing effect improves, and the Composite Melt particle that makes is finer and closely woven mutually, disperses more evenly, and the temperature difference control range of melt is more accurate.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 electromagnetic agitation schematic diagram
Fig. 2 equipment schematic diagram
The sem photograph of Fig. 3 composite circle base microstructure
Among the figure: the 1-rotating excitation field, the 2-Composite Melt, the 3-molten bath, the 4-travelling-magnetic-field, the 5-spray gun, 6-seals bell.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment: preparation (Al
3Zr
(s)+ Al
2O
3 (s)) particle reinforced A 356 matrix composite material
Raw material: parent metal: A356 alloy; Pressed powder: industrial carbonic acid zirconium (Zr (CO
3)
2) pulvis (purity is 99.20%), the refining degasser and the agent of skimming;
Reaction in-situ equation: 7Al
(1)+ Zr (CO
3)
2 (s)=Al
3Zr
(s)+ 2Al
2O
3 (s)
Particle wild phase: Al
3Zr
(s)And Al
2O
3 (s)
Preparation process is in two steps:
(1): Metal Melting and powder preparation:
The fusing in the molten aluminium stove of 60kW power frequency of A356 alloy is warmed up to 900 ℃, outgases, skims.Agents useful for same is all fully dried down at 250 ℃～300 ℃, wherein Zr (CO
3)
2Grind to form fine powder (granularity is less than 100 μ m), the winding-up jar of packing into after the weighing, Zr (CO
3)
2The weight that adds is 10% (annotate: the theoretical volume mark of particle phase is about 13.68vol%) of weight metal.
(2): the composite electromagnetic synthetic preparation of reaction in-situ after the match Composite Melt:
As Fig. 1 C, the good and molten metal 2 that meets reacting initial temperature requirement (870 ℃) of refining is from the composite molten bath 3 of refining of metal holding furnace impouring insulation, in molten bath 3 with being blown into Zr (CO with the Ar gas spray gun
3)
2Powder is opened R-EMS 1 and T-EMS 4, carries out electromagnetic agitation under the combination field, the frequency that R-EMS stirs magnetic field 1 is 15Hz, electric current 300A, and the frequency that T-EMS stirs magnetic field 4 is 15Hz, electric current 300A, the horizontal induction intensity of hub of a spool is 0.1T with vertical magnetic induction intensity when unloaded, after reaction is carried out 20 minutes, and Ar gas refining 5 minutes, left standstill 5 minutes, make Composite Melt, make composite circle base, the sem photograph of its tissue such as Fig. 3 through D.C.casting.
The diameter phi of continuous casting billet is 200mm, and composite strand outer surface is bright and clean, dense internal organization, solidified structure defectives such as nothing is loose, shrinkage cavity, particle size 1～2 μ m.
Claims (3)
1. the method for synthetic metal-base composites under the combination field, comprise and to adjust to the synthetic reaction initial temperature after the metal bath refining, adding can generate particle reactant mutually with the metal bath reaction in-situ carry out synthetic reaction, and question response finishes, and pours into a mould after leaving standstill pouring temperature; It is characterized in that in the synthetic preparation process of composite, carry out outer field action under the resultant field that adopts rotating excitation field and travelling-magnetic-field to be combined into, said metal-base composites is (Al
3Zr
(s)+ Al
2O
3 (s)) particle reinforced A 356 matrix composite material.
2. according to the method for synthetic metal-base composites under the said combination field of claim 1, it is characterized in that said resultant field is to make up and form by the rotating excitation field that applies from the side, molten bath with from the travelling-magnetic-field that the molten bath base plate applies.
3. according to the method for synthetic metal-base composites under the said combination field of claim 2, it is characterized in that, the low frequency rotating excitation field is settled in the outside, composite molten bath, the installation site is determined according to melt height in the molten bath, field coil center and melt center are at sustained height, the electromagnetic parameter scope of low frequency magnetic field is frequency: 0.5～100Hz, operating current: 1～1000A; Bottom in the composite molten bath applies travelling-magnetic-field, and the center in travelling-magnetic-field hub of a spool and composite molten bath is at same position, and the electromagnetic parameter scope of travelling-magnetic-field is frequency: 0.5～100Hz, operating current: 1～1000A.
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| CN102242295A (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2011-11-16 | 江苏大学 | Low-temperature short-time preparation method of aluminum-based composite material with high volume fraction and high dispersibility |
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Application publication date: 20090325 Assignee: ZHENJIANG LONGYUAN ALUMINUM Co.,Ltd. Assignor: JIANGSU University Contract record no.: X2020980002692 Denomination of invention: Metal matrix composition home-position synthesizing method in combined electric magnetic field Granted publication date: 20101208 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20200602 |