CN101370658B - 制造用于电梯***的承载部件的方法 - Google Patents

制造用于电梯***的承载部件的方法 Download PDF

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CN101370658B
CN101370658B CN2005800515524A CN200580051552A CN101370658B CN 101370658 B CN101370658 B CN 101370658B CN 2005800515524 A CN2005800515524 A CN 2005800515524A CN 200580051552 A CN200580051552 A CN 200580051552A CN 101370658 B CN101370658 B CN 101370658B
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restrictive coating
tension part
load bearing
bearing component
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H·奥唐奈
H·E·格泽尔
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CANTITECH TRANSMISSION GmbH
ContiTech Antriebssysteme GmbH
Otis Elevator Co
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    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/15—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state
    • B32B37/153—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state at least one layer is extruded and immediately laminated while in semi-molten state
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    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
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    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

一种制造用于电梯***(20)的承载部件(30)的方法，它包括将至少一个张紧部件(32)邻近聚合物材料的第一层(36)的一侧(60)放置。由氨甲酸乙酯构成的第二层(38)被邻近第一层(36)的至少一侧(60)加入，这样，张紧部件(32)位于第一层(36)和第二层(38)之间。这样的技术允许消除典型地用于支撑成型装置内的张紧部件的桥。去除这样的桥消除了与以前的配置有关的凹槽。在承载部件(30)的护套(34)上提供无凹槽的外部消除了电梯***中的显著的潜在振动和噪音源。

Description

制造用于电梯***的承载部件的方法
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及一种电梯***。更具体地，本发明涉及一种用于电梯***的承载部件。
背景技术
存在有几种已知类型的电梯***。基于牵引力的***典型地包括电梯轿厢，平衡物和支撑轿厢和平衡物的承载部件。由于例如承载部件和牵引滑轮之间的牵引力，轿厢在不同的高度之间移动。
电梯***承载部件以不同的形式形成。钢丝绳被使用了许多年。最近，引入了其它的承载部件。一些实例包括具有多个被包封在氨甲酸乙酯的护套内的张紧部件的平皮带。一些实例包括作为张紧部件的钢丝绳，而其它的包括作为张紧部件的芳族聚酰胺材料。
不考虑所选择的材料，已知的制造方法典型地导致在护套的至少一个外表面内的多个凹槽。这些凹槽由于已知的制造过程产生。
一个与这样的凹槽有关的难题是例如在电梯***操作过程中，当凹槽接触牵引滑轮时它们易于引入噪音和振动。已经提出了将由于这样的凹槽的影响而产生的振动和噪音减至最小的不同的配置。
能够完全地消除凹槽将是有利的。本发明致力于该需要。
发明内容
一种用于电梯***的示例性承载部件包括至少一个张紧部件和通常围绕该张紧部件的护套。该护套不具有任何外部凹槽。
在一个实例中的护套通过这样一种方法制成，该方法包括将至少一个张紧部件邻近包括聚合物的第一护套层的一侧放置，和将包括氨甲酸乙酯的第二护套层至少加入到第一护套层的至少一侧，使得张紧部件位于第一和第二层之间。
在一个实例中，公开了一种制造用于电梯***中的承载部件的方法，它包括以下步骤：(A)将至少一个张紧部件邻近包括聚合物的第一护套层的一侧放置，该第一护套层抵靠带有凹部的成型轮的外表面；和(B)随后，至少邻近第一护套层的至少一侧加入包括聚合物的第二护套层，使得张紧部件位于第一和第二护套层之间并至少部分地被包封在第二护套层内，其中，步骤(B)包括采用第一或第二护套层中的至少一个的温度，该温度足够导致两个层中的至少一层至少部分熔化，从而使第一和第二层结合在一起。
在一个实例中，张紧部件包括多个钢丝绳(钢缆索)。在一个实例中，存在有多个张紧部件。
在一个实例中，第一和第二层由包括氨甲酸乙酯的相同的材料制成。在另一个实例中，每一层选择不同的材料。在一个实例中，不同的材料具有不同的摩擦特性。
一种制造用于电梯***的承载部件的示例性方法包括：将至少一个张紧部件邻近包括聚合物的第一护套层的一侧放置。将包括氨甲酸乙酯的第二层至少加入到第一层的至少一侧完成了带有位于第一和第二层之间的张紧部件的承载部件。
在一个实例中，该方法包括充分地加热张紧部件以使第一层在张紧部件附近至少部分熔化。这保证例如张紧部件和第一层之间良好的结合。
在一个实例中，第二层被挤压到第一层上。挤压的材料的温度足够第一和第二层之间提供结合。
在一个实例中，公开了一种用于在电梯***中使用的承载部件，它包括至少一个通常被护套围绕的张紧部件，该承载部件由上述方法制造。
对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明的不同特征和优点通过下面的普遍的优选实施例的描述将变的清楚。伴随详细的描述的附图可以如下进行简要的描述。
附图说明
图1示意性地示出电梯***的选定的部分；
图2是承载部件的一个示例性实施例的示意性的透视端视图；
图3示意性地图示出用于制造承载部件的一个示例性实施例的配置(或布置)；以及
图4A-4C示意性地图示出示例性制造工艺的选定的特征。
具体实施方式
图1示意性地示出电梯***20的选定的部分。电梯轿厢22和平衡物24通过承载部件30悬挂。承载部件30和牵引滑轮26之间的牵引力允许电梯轿厢22的按已知方式进行所希望的运动。
图2示出按照本发明设计的一个示例性承载部件30的端视图。在图2的实例中，多个张紧部件32包封在一个包括氨甲酸乙酯的护套34内。在图示出的实例中，第一层36包括在某些实例中包含氨甲酸乙酯(或尿烷)的聚合物。其它的示例性聚合物包括聚丙烯和聚乙烯。在某些实例中，第二层38包括氨甲酸乙酯。在一个实例中，第一和第二层在某些方面彼此不同。在另一个实例中，相同的材料用于两个层中。
图示出的实例是平皮带。本发明未对承载部件30的特定几何形状或构形进行限制。
图示出的实例的一个特征是第二层38的外表面40不包括任何凹槽。换句话说，外表面40是无凹槽的。这与已知的配置是不同的，其中通常与承载部件30的长度垂直的凹槽沿护套的至少一个外表面间隔布置。
相似地，第一层36的外表面42不具有任何凹槽。
在一个实例中，外表面40和42的一个或两个可构成纹理或形成结构以提供例如所希望的摩擦特性。通常，平滑的、无凹槽的外表面提供足够的牵拉特性并避免与包括护套上的外部凹槽的承载部件相关联的噪音产生。
图3示意性地示出用于制造图2中的示例性实施例的配置(或布置或者装置)50。成型(或模制成型)装置52包括成型轮54。该实例中的成型轮54与例如常规的用于制造涂层的钢带的成型轮不同。虽然这样的传统的成型轮具有多个在成型加工过程中用于支撑张紧部件32的桥，但是成型轮54的表面55(图4A)不具有任何这样的桥。在该实例中，成型轮54的外表面55支撑第一层36。在一个实例中，第一层36是预先制造的且从例如卷轴的第一层供给装置56提供。在该实例中的第一层36是预先制造的以具有与承载部件30的完成(最终)宽度相对应的所希望的宽度和厚度。
如图4A中示意性地示出的，第一层36被接纳在成型轮54上的凹部(或井状部)58内。在该位置，第一层36的一侧60相对于成型轮54的中心朝向外侧。
张紧部件32从例如卷轴的供给装置64提供。在一个实例中，多个钢丝绳的卷轴与第一层36一起被给送到成型装置52中。第一层36被支撑在成型轮54的外表面55上，而张紧部件32被支撑在第一层36上。这在例如图4B中被示意性地示出。在该实例中，张紧部件32被接纳抵靠在在第一层36的一侧60。
在图3中的实例中，加热器66在进入成型装置52之前加热张紧部件32。被加热的张紧部件使第一层36的至少一部分在张紧部件32附近局部熔化。这样的部分熔化使张紧部件32结合到第一层36上，并提供所希望的拔离强度。不同的加热器装置可以用于提高张紧部件32的温度以满足特殊情况的需要。
在图3中的实例中，氨甲酸乙酯材料的供给装置70将该材料给送到挤压机72内。然后，来自供给装置70的氨甲酸乙酯材料被挤压到成型装置52内以在成型装置52内形成第二层38。这是将第二层38加入到第一层36上的一个示例性方法。
图4C示意性地示出在成型装置52内形成的第一层36，张紧部件32和第二层38。
承载部件30退出成型构件52，并在完成站(或位置)76以已知的方法完成。一个实例包括用于冷却护套34的聚合物材料的冷却槽。任意表面纹理或尺寸控制可以在完成位置76内以已知的方法完成。
利用护套的第一层36以支撑成型装置内的至少一个张紧部件32消除了采用与用于在成型装置中支撑张紧部件32的常规的成型技术相关的桥的需要。取消这样的桥消除了与常规的配置相关的最终的凹槽。因此，所公开的实例提供了能够具有带有无凹槽的外表面(在例如平皮带的情况下相互相对)的承载部件30的外部护套34的优点。具有无凹槽的外表面消除了电梯***中的显著的潜在噪音和振动源。
在一个实例中，第一层36和第二层38所选用的材料基于这些材料的摩擦特性进行选择。在一个实例中，不同的材料被选择以使外表面40和42分别具有不同的摩擦特性。在另一个实例中，用于至少一个层的至少一种材料具有与其它的材料不同的颜色。在又一个实例中，至少一个层选用的至少一种材料具有可以用于确定电梯***内的承载部件30的状况的易于目视检查技术的特性。
前述的描述是示例性的而本质上是非限定性的。对于本领域的技术人员来说，在不必背离本发明的本质的前提下对所公开的实例进行变化和修改可以变得清楚。给予本发明的法律保护的范围仅仅可以通过研究下面的权利要求书而确定。

Claims (15)

1.一种制造用于电梯***中的承载部件的方法，它包括以下步骤：
(A)将至少一个张紧部件邻近包括聚合物的第一护套层的一侧放置，该第一护套层抵靠带有凹部的成型轮的外表面；和
(B)随后，至少邻近第一护套层的至少一侧加入包括聚合物的第二护套层，使得张紧部件位于第一和第二护套层之间并至少部分地被包封在第二护套层内，
其中，步骤(B)包括采用第一或第二护套层中的至少一个的温度，所述温度足够导致两个层中的至少一层至少部分熔化，从而使第一和第二层结合在一起。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(A)包括使第一护套层在张紧部件附近至少部分熔化。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，其包括将张紧部件加热到足够导致在张紧部件附近的第一护套层熔化的温度。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，其包括在预形成步骤(A)之前加热张紧部件。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(B)包括将第二护套层挤压到第一护套层的一侧上。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(A)包括采用预形成的第一护套层，并将张紧部件支撑在第一护套层的一侧上。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(A)包括将预形成的第一护套层支撑在成型轮上，第一护套层的一侧面向远离成型轮的旋转轴线。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，其包括采用多个张紧部件。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，张紧部件包括钢缆索。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，第一护套层包括聚合物，而第二护套层包括氨甲酸乙酯。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，聚合物包括氨甲酸乙酯。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，第一护套层氨甲酸乙酯与第二护套层氨甲酸乙酯不同。
13.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，第一护套层具有第一摩擦特性，而第二护套层具有不同的第二摩擦特性。
14.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，其包括加入第二护套层，使得张紧部件接触第一和第二护套层中的每一层。
15.一种用于在电梯***中使用的承载部件，它包括至少一个通常被护套围绕的张紧部件，所述承载部件由按照权利要求1-14中任一项所述的方法制造。
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