CN101368279B - Mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material - Google Patents
Mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxidizer emission material which includes a porous metal-based material with a meso scale aperture, a catalysis nanometer micelle layer compounded on the based material, a heavy metal or rare earth element doped layer as well as a functional macromolecule layer grafted on the surface. Under the effect of an electric field, an electric exciting field with high current density can be formed on the surface of the material to generate the synergistic effect of electrons, ions and particles, thereby exciting the H, O and Cl in the water to generate the new ecological species of strong oxidation like.Cl, O, OH, H2O2, ClO, and the like. The mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxidizer emission material can be widely applied to the sterilization, disinfection and blue algae killing as well as ammonia and nitrogen removing and organism concentration decomposing on living drinking water, sewage processing, aquiculture, the circulating water of a swimming pool as well as medical treatment and sanitation. The emission technology of the lectroproduction strong oxidizer does not need to be added with any chemical medicament when in work, has no outgrowths and secondary pollution, is safe and effective and consumes low energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material, particularly a kind of by composite Nano catalytic material and precious metal element on mesoporous titanium base material, utilize three sub-synergistic effects to produce the nano-functional material of strong oxidizers.Mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material can be assembled into water treating equipment, can be widely used in the sterilization and disinfection of health care, Urban water supply, landscape water body, swimming pool, industrial circulating cooling water, aquaculture system, the extinction of Measures of Algae in Water Body germ and industry, Ammonia Nitrogen in Municipal Wastewater and organic removal.Without adding any chemical agent, there is not secondary pollution in the raw strong oxidizer lift-off technology of electricity, and safe and efficient when application, and energy consumption is low.
Background technology
The mankind, entered today of 21 century, healthy and environmental issue more and more becomes the focus that people pay close attention to.Experienced China of SARS in 2003 and bird flu in 2005 and the world never as today, note own live and medical treatment on sterilization.Existing medical sterilising method can be divided into the large class of physics and chemistry two, and wherein physical sterilization comprises heating power, ionizing rays, microwave etc.; Chemosterilization medicament used comprises formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, oxyethane, Peracetic Acid, hydrogen peroxide etc.Physical sterilization is mainly simple instruments high temperature resistant for some, high humidity, and existing medicine equipment because of complex structure, expensive, accuracy requirement is high, often needs to adopt chemicals sterilizing.But chemicals exists contaminate environment, harmful, compound concentration standard-required is high, and sterilizing is not thorough, easy residual etc., often can not meet requirement clinical and people's life.
Environmental problem especially purification and the protection of water surrounding, water resources becomes the key factor that affects people's productive life day by day.Poisons in freshwater blue-green alga bloom and coastal waters red tide frequently break out in recent years, not only directly damage the health of river, lake, Marine ecosystems, and serious threat is to the drinking water source of surrounding cities, and the safety of marine fishery production, and situation is rather severe.China is since the blue-green algae improvement of the eighties initial stage in last century, and existing blue-green algae improvement technology comprises that mechanical removal technology, hertzian wave treatment technology, chemical fertilizer control mistake technology, water body nitrogen phosphorus algae shift out tens kinds of technology and methods such as technology, clay algae removal technology, the solid phosphorus method of chemistry, biological enzyme decomposition technique.But no matter be that chemistry kills algae, biological algal control, or ecology controls algae, lacks to a certain extent systematicness and continuity, exists cost high, and water body is produced to secondary pollution problems, still fails to stop the frequent outburst of blue-green algae.Along with developing rapidly of China coast industry, agricultural, mariculture industry and tourism, the excessive discharge of the trade effluent that contains Eutrophication materials, sanitary sewage and sea farming sewage, compound fertilizer in coastal seawater is rolled up, more increased the chance of blue-green algae formation and the difficulty of improvement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the defect or the deficiency that in prior art, exist, a kind of mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material is provided, there are three sub-synergistic effects and excite the material in water body to produce Cl, O, OH, H in electronics, ion and particle under electric field action
2o
2, ClO
-strong oxidizing property species, not only can be used for the sterilization and disinfection in medical treatment, the extinction of Measures of Algae in Water Body mushroom, but also can be used for the removal of industry and Ammonia Nitrogen in Municipal Wastewater and dissolved organic matter.Without adding any chemical agent, there is not secondary pollution in the raw strong oxidizer lift-off technology of electricity, and safe and efficient when application, and energy consumption is low.
Technical conceive of the present invention is, adopt submicron particle isostatic cool pressing, high-sintering process to prepare mesoporous metal base, by sol-gel method synthesis of nano oxide compound catalysis glue granular layer and be compounded in the surface of mesoporous metal base material, precious metal or the rare-earth substance of introducing nano level dispersion adulterate to catalysis colloid layer, the last surface graft copolymerization functional polymer chain at material.Nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer and precious metal doping layer can form sosoloid under sintering temperature, under switch-on regime, become the electron excitation field of high current density, make the particle in active precious metal electronic induction water body do effect, to the other end Skip metastasis that receives electronics, form hole, produce strong oxidizing substance, realize the algae in water body, virus, bacterium, even ammonia nitrogen and organic removal.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material, comprise the mesoporous metal base material with meso-scale aperture, be compound in the nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer on base material, precious metal or rare-earth substance doped layer, and the functional polymer layer of surface grafting, it is characterized in that: nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer reacts and produces chemical covalent bonds closely through high temperature sintering with mesoporous metal base material, and precious metal or rare-earth substance doped layer react and form complete sosoloid through high temperature sintering with nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer.
The mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material of preparation is assembled into water treatment device, comprise water entry 7 and water exit 15, crust of the device 12, between water entry 7 and water exit 15, reactor is set and has crust of the device 12, it in crust of the device 12, is electron excitation reaction zone 18, between electron excitation reaction zone 18 and water entry 7 and water exit 15, all establish dash plate 19, form surge chamber 15, in reaction zone, there is intermediate seal layer 13, shell is connected and seals with O type sealing member 8 by fastening piece 11, shell upper is provided with sealed wiring port 9 and gas return line 14, electron excitation reaction zone 18 comprises negative plate 17, mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material pole plate 1, mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material pole plate 1 is connected with power source special by wire 4 with negative plate 17.
Described mesoporous metal base material, is characterized in that there is huge specific surface area, can the more catalytic active substance of appendix than it solid base material, thereby the strong oxidizing substance of transmitting is more.
The preparation method of mesoporous metal base material, comprises the following steps: 1, and utilize centrifugal atomizing technology to prepare super-fine globular metal-powder, powder ball-type rate reaches 97%, and spherical granules particle diameter is adjustable within 0.05 to 100 μ m scope; 2, it is interior through isostatic cool pressing, high-sintering process moulding that submicron metal packs ultrahigh-temperature mould into, prepares mesoporous metal base material.
Mesoporous metal base material comprises the metallic substance of various compositions, better, the good metallic substance of electroconductibility of erosion resistance especially, and the preferred titanium material of the present invention, comprising the various alloys of titanium.
Described nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer, synthesizes by sol-gel method or high temperature pyrolytic cracking (HTP), and the diameter of nanoparticle can be controlled between 5-200nm, and uniform particle diameter, approaches monodispersity.The homogeneity of nanoparticle is very large for the performance impact of catalyst coatings, because this not only has influence on the combination degree of Catalytic Layer and metal base, and affects the fusion degree of precious metal or rare-earth substance and catalytic active layer.
Nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer, its composition comprises zirconium dioxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, tantalum oxide, stannic oxide, weisspiessglanz, the preferred titanium dioxide of the present invention.
Nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer can be scattered in the middle of particular medium equably, and medium can be water, methyl alcohol, ethanol, Virahol, butanols, normal hexane, normal heptane, toluene solvant, or two or more mixed solvent wherein.The mass concentration of colloidal particle in system is controlled between 0.1%-40%.
Nano sol is coated in the surface of mesoporous metal base material, and its gauge control, between 0.01-100 μ m, produces chemical covalent bonds closely through high temperature sintering reaction nanoparticle and metal base.Nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer not only makes metal base be protected, and reduces corrosion, prolongs life, and greatly increased the specific surface area of catalytic reaction layer.
Precious metal is platinum family noble ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), rare-earth substance is cerium dioxide, lanthanum sesquioxide, yttrium oxide, europiumsesquioxide, wherein said precious metal comprises the mixture that two or more precious metals form by a certain percentage, or rare-earth substance doped layer comprises the mixture that two or more rare-earth substances form by a certain percentage.
Precious metal or rare-earth substance mix with a certain proportion of Nano sol, are coated in the surface of the mesoporous metal base material that is compounded with nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer, and its gauge control is between 0.01-100 μ m.Through high temperature sintering reaction, precious metal or rare-earth substance and nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer form complete sosoloid, realize firmly Chemical bond with the metal base that is compounded with nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer simultaneously.
Described functional polymer layer, the outermost layer in mesoporous metal base material and inorganic coating, its gauge control, between 0.2-200nm, can be the macromolecule layer of individual layer, can be also layer high molecule layer.The introducing mode of functional polymer layer is: by the surface of silane coupler modified base material, then immerse in specific monomer, initiator solution, initiated polymerization, forms the surface that functional polymer chain is grafted on base material.Functional polymer layer has not only greatly improved the interface performance of material, and has improved catalytic reaction activity.Technique effect of the present invention is as follows:
Mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material of the present invention has adopted the principle of quantum physics, under electric field action, material surface forms the electron excitation field of high current density, there is Spectrametry of Electron Exchange, in water body, there are three sub-synergistic effects of electronics, ion and particle, thereby excite the material in water to produce Cl, O, OH, H
2o
2, ClO
-strong oxidizing property species.The technology that the raw strong oxidizer of the present invention's electricity produces need to be added a large amount of poisonous chemical agents unlike conventional art, so there is not secondary pollution, safe and efficient, and energy consumption is low, can be widely used in the sterilization and disinfection in people's life and medical treatment, the extinction of algae, mushroom, virus etc. in the natural waters such as rivers,lakes and seas, but also can be used for the removal of industry and Ammonia Nitrogen in Municipal Wastewater and dissolved organic matter, the outburst of stopping blue-green algae and red tide from the source of nutrition supply.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material, and wherein A portion represents the enlarged view of material section structure.
Fig. 2 is the structure iron of mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material section.
Fig. 3 is the water treatment device side cut-away illustration of mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material assembling.
Fig. 4 is the vertical cut-away illustration of the water treatment device of mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material assembling.
In figure: 1, mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material pole plate, 2, connect external power wire, 3, mesoporous metal base material, 4, nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer, 5, precious metal or rare earth doped layer, 6, surface graft copolymerization functional polymer layer, 7, water entry, 8, O type sealing member, 9, sealed wiring port, 10, wire, 11, fastening piece, 12, crust of the device, 13, intermediate seal layer, 14, gas backstreaming pipe, 15, water exit, 16, surge chamber, 17, negative plate, 18, electron excitation reaction zone, 19, dash plate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material of the present invention, its profile 1 is generally sheet or tabular, also can be bar-shaped, tubulose or other any shapes, and the top of material is connected with external source by wire 2.The structure enlarged view of A portion has represented the inner laminate structure of mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material: comprise the mesoporous metal base material 3 with meso-scale aperture, be compound in the nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer 4 on base material, precious metal or rare-earth substance doped layer 5, and the functional polymer layer 6 of surface grafting.Wherein nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer 4 reacts and produces chemical covalent bonds closely through high temperature sintering with mesoporous metal base material 3, has fusion to a certain degree in depth structure; Equally, precious metal or rare-earth substance doped layer 5 react and form complete sosoloid through high temperature sintering with nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer 4, also have fusion to a certain degree in depth structure.
Fig. 2 is the structure iron of mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material section of the present invention, can obviously find out that the inside of material presents vesicular structure, and it is connected that hole runs through mutually, has great specific surface area.The absorption of nano-oxide catalyst particle is deposited on the internal surface of hole, produces chemical covalent bonds closely, and in depth structure, have fusion to a certain degree with base material through high temperature sintering reaction and substrate surface; Then, precious metal or the absorption of rare-earth substance doped layer are deposited on the surface of nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer, through high temperature sintering, react the two and form complete sosoloid, then pass through the step of surface graft copolymerization functional polymer, finally obtain mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material.
As shown in Figure 3, the water treatment device that utilizes wire 10 to assemble for mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material by sealed wiring port 9 is powered, fastening piece 11, O type sealing member 8, crust of the device 12, intermediate seal layer 13 guarantees electric wire and water insulation, pending water enters surge chamber 16 from water-in 7, by dash plate 19, carry out fluidised form and flow rate regulation, then waste water enters electron excitation reaction zone 18, at mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material pole plate 1, under the effect of negative plate 17, in water, generate strong oxidizing property material, bacterium, the microorganisms such as algae are killed and are suppressed under the effect of strong oxidizing property material, ammonia nitrogen is degraded under the effect of strong oxidizing property material, gas backstreaming pipe 14 is back to feed-water end by the gaseous oxidation material of generation, increase water and oxidizing substance duration of contact.By mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material pole plate, do effect the microorganisms such as bacterium in water, virus, algae are killed, and ammonia nitrogen is degraded rapidly, thereby realize sterilization, except the difficult problem of algae and degradation of ammonia nitrogen.
Embodiment 1
Object: poisons in freshwater sterilization, degraded part ammonia nitrogen
Experiment sample: pool, park, Beijing, the about 1000m of water surface area
2, depth of water 1-2m, water body specific conductivity 725 μ Scm
-1experimental installation: mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material is done anode, stainless steel or other metal sheets are done negative electrode, spacing 1-5cm, parallel 2-10 group; Self-priming water pump, connecting tube, under meter, constant current source power supply (voltage-regulation 12V-36V, current setting 0A-40A).
Experimental procedure: system is fixed on to bank, pool, switches on power, flow is 6L/min, flow velocity≤2m/s, input voltage 220V, regulates current constant 8A, voltage 5.0V-10.0V.Measure respectively former water and process water sample and test, test result is as shown in table 1.
The treatment effect of table 1. mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material to fresh water algae and part ammonia nitrogen
Prove after testing, mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material all reaches more than 90% to the clearance of bacterium and coliform under electric field action, in addition the clearance of ammonia nitrogen is reached to 55.91%, fully prove the validity of this technology to bacterium and the improvement of part ammonia nitrogen.
The present invention carries out nano modification and noble metal decorated on the surface of mesoporous metal material, its process and mechanism of processing polluted-water is: water body is inspired strong oxidizer when the reaction zone by electron emissive system place, with the microorganism cells generation biochemical reaction in water body, cause cell inactivation, thereby reach the object of killing and suppressing the various microorganisms such as algae, bacterium, virus, reach the effect of purifying water body; And the strong oxidizer that electron emission reaction zone excites also has good degraded removal effect to the chemical substance in water body (as organism, ammonia nitrogen etc.), thereby be conducive to the basic breeding of controlling algae and mushroom of nutritive element from reduce water, grow.
Embodiment 2
Object: natural sea-water water body is removed algae and sterilization and disinfection
Experiment sample: Tianjinxingang seagoing vessel limber water
Experimental installation: mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material is done anode, stainless steel or other metal sheets are done negative electrode, spacing 1-5cm, parallel 2-10 group; Self-priming water pump, connecting tube, under meter, constant current source power supply (voltage-regulation 12-36V, current setting 0-40A).
Experimental procedure: system is fixed on to experiment table limit, switches on power, flow is 6L/min, flow velocity≤2m/s, input voltage 220V, regulates current constant 8A, voltage 5.0-10.0V.Get former water water sample 500mL, process water water sample 500mL ，Song Pu Buddhist nun inspection center and detect.Test result is as shown in table 2.
The treatment effect of table 2. mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material to Phytoplankton & Suspension
Prove after testing, mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material has good removal effect to natural sea-water algae and water and bacterium, fully proves the validity that this technology is processed natural sea-water algae and water.
It should be pointed out that the above embodiment can make the invention of those skilled in the art's comprehend the innovation, but limit never in any form the innovation invention.Therefore, although this specification sheets is with reference to drawings and Examples, to the innovation, invention has been described in detail,, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that still and can modify or be equal to replacement the present invention; And all do not depart from technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and scope of the innovation invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the protection domain of the innovation patent of invention.
Claims (12)
1. mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material, comprise the mesoporous metal base material with meso-scale aperture, be compound in the nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer on base material, precious metal or rare-earth substance doped layer, and the functional polymer layer of surface grafting, it is characterized in that: nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer reacts and produces chemical covalent bonds closely through high temperature sintering with mesoporous metal base material, and precious metal or rare-earth substance doped layer react the complete sosoloid of formation with nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer through high temperature sintering, surface graft copolymerization functional polymer chain at base material, wherein, the composition of described nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer is zirconium dioxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, tantalum oxide, stannic oxide, weisspiessglanz, functional polymer layer is macromolecule layer or the layer high molecule layer of individual layer, and gauge control is at 0.2-200nm.
2. mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described mesoporous metal base material comprises the metallic substance of various compositions.
3. mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of described mesoporous metal base material, comprise the following steps: (1) utilizes centrifugal atomizing technology to prepare super-fine globular metal-powder, powder ball-type rate reaches 97%, and spherical granules particle diameter is adjustable within 0.05 to 100 μ m scope; (2) submicron metal packs in ultrahigh-temperature mould and prepares mesoporous metal base material through cold isostatic compaction, high-sintering process.
4. mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer is synthetic by sol-gel method or high temperature pyrolytic cracking (HTP), the diameter control of nanoparticle is between 5-200nm, and uniform particle diameter, approach monodispersity.
5. mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer is deposited on the surface of mesoporous metal base material by absorption, then through high temperature sintering reaction and base material, produce chemical covalent bonds closely.
6. mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: precious metal is platinum family noble ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), rare-earth substance is cerium dioxide, lanthanum sesquioxide, yttrium oxide, europiumsesquioxide, described precious metal comprises the mixture that two or more precious metals form by a certain percentage, or described rare-earth substance doped layer comprises the mixture that two or more rare-earth substances form by a certain percentage.
7. mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described precious metal or the absorption of rare-earth substance doped layer are deposited on the surface of the mesoporous metal base material that is compounded with nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer, through high temperature sintering reaction, precious metal or rare-earth substance doped layer and nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer form complete sosoloid, realize firmly Chemical bond with the metal base that is compounded with nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer simultaneously.
8. mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: material surface forms the electron excitation field of high current density under electric field action, in water body, carry out three sub-synergistic effects of electronics, ion and particle, thereby excite the material in water to produce Cl, O, OH, H
2o
2, ClO
-strong oxidizing property species, effectively for live and medical treatment on sterilization and disinfection, the extinction of Measures of Algae in Water Body mushroom, and the removal of industry and Ammonia Nitrogen in Municipal Wastewater and dissolved organic matter; Without adding any chemical agent, there is not secondary pollution in the raw strong oxidizer lift-off technology of electricity, and safe and efficient when application, and energy consumption is low.
9. mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material according to claim 2, is characterized in that: metallic substance is that erosion resistance is better, the good metallic substance of electroconductibility.
10. mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting material according to claim 9, is characterized in that: metallic substance comprises titanium material.
11. mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting materials according to claim 9, is characterized in that: metallic substance comprises the various alloys of titanium.
12. mesoporous metal-based electroproduction strong oxygenant emitting materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the composition of described nano-oxide catalysis glue granular layer is titanium dioxide.
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| CN105154915B (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2018-06-19 | 中南大学 | A kind of titanium-based composite anode and its preparation method and application |
| CN108793342A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-13 | 青岛理工大学 | A kind of preparation method for the high dispersive cobalt titanium composite Nano electrode that nitrate nitrogen restores in water |
| CN109580885B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2021-07-16 | 浙江大学自贡创新中心 | CuO/Cu2O-La2O3Preparation method of gas-sensitive material coating of multiphase composite sol |
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