CN101336322A - 陶瓷氧化物纤维 - Google Patents
陶瓷氧化物纤维 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101336322A CN101336322A CNA2006800522448A CN200680052244A CN101336322A CN 101336322 A CN101336322 A CN 101336322A CN A2006800522448 A CNA2006800522448 A CN A2006800522448A CN 200680052244 A CN200680052244 A CN 200680052244A CN 101336322 A CN101336322 A CN 101336322A
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 poly(ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009955 starching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002535 Polyethylene Glycol 1500 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- OJMOMXZKOWKUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;borate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]B([O-])[O-] OJMOMXZKOWKUTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011222 crystalline ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002106 crystalline ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- VUYXVWGKCKTUMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetratriacontaethylene glycol monomethyl ether Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO VUYXVWGKCKTUMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- KRTSDMXIXPKRQR-AATRIKPKSA-N monocrotophos Chemical compound CNC(=O)\C=C(/C)OP(=O)(OC)OC KRTSDMXIXPKRQR-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LLQPHQFNMLZJMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fentrazamide Chemical compound N1=NN(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)Cl)C(=O)N1C(=O)N(CC)C1CCCCC1 LLQPHQFNMLZJMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001062009 Indigofera Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920006309 Invista Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
具有浆料的基本上连续的陶瓷氧化物纤维丝束。根据本发明的丝束可用于(例如)制备金属基质线材。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷氧化物纤维,更具体地讲,涉及带浆料的陶瓷氧化物纤维。
背景技术
一般来讲,基本上连续的陶瓷氧化物纤维是已知的。例子包括多晶氧化铝纤维,例如由3M公司(明尼苏达州圣保罗)以商品名“NEXTEL 610”售出的那些;硅铝酸盐纤维,例如由3M公司以商品名“NEXTEL 440”、“NEXTEL 550”和“NEXTEL 720”售出的那些;以及铝硼硅酸盐纤维,例如由3M公司以商品名“NEXTEL 312”售出的那些。这些连续纤维复合在各种金属基质复合材料(如铝和钛)和聚合物基质复合材料(如环氧树脂)中,以加固和增强这些复合材料。
希望维持复合材料的强度。复合材料的强度因具有连续纤维和尽可能少的间断而得到了提高。间断的一个根源来自当连续纤维从线轴上退绕和纤维断裂或脱落,通常称为“剥回”。希望除去、尽量减少或至少降低退绕过程中产生的这些间断,从而允许生产强度增大的金属和聚合物基质复合材料。
发明内容
在一个方面,本发明提供基本上连续的耐火(即,在820℃至1400℃的温度范围内维持其完整性或有用性)陶瓷氧化物纤维丝束,其中每种陶瓷氧化物纤维具有外表面,并且其中至少一些陶瓷氧化物纤维的至少一部分外表面上具有浆料。浆料包含由下列化学式表示的组合物:
R’O-(RO)n-H,
其中R’选自CxH2x+1,其中x为1-8或-H;R选自由-(CyH2y)-(可以是直链或支链)(其中y为1-4)和-CH2-O-(CH2)m-(其中m=2-5)组成的组;并且其中选择n以使得数均分子量处于500克/摩尔至7,000,000克/摩尔的范围内。通常,数均分子量处于500克/摩尔至3,000,000克/摩尔的范围内(在一些实施例中,处于500克/摩尔至600,000克/摩尔、500克/摩尔至400,000克/摩尔、500克/摩尔至300,000克/摩尔,或者甚至4,000克/摩尔至40,000克/摩尔的范围内)。通常浆料提供0.5重量%至10重量%范围内的附加重量。
“连续纤维”是指至少30米长的纤维。在一些实施例中,耐火纤维是晶体(即,显示具有可辨别的X-射线粉末衍射图案)。在一些实施例中,纤维是至少为50(在一些实施例中,至少55、60、65、70、75、80、85、90、95、96、97、98、99或者甚至100)重量%的晶体。在一些实施例中,耐火陶瓷氧化物纤维(包括晶体陶瓷氧化物纤维)包含以下两项中的至少一项:(a)基于每根纤维的总氧化物含量,至少40(在一些实施例中,至少50、60、65、70、75、80、85、90、95、96、97、98、99或者甚至100)重量%的Al2O3,或者(b)基于每根纤维的总氧化物含量,总共不超过40(在一些实施例中,不超过35、30、25、20、15、10、5、4、3、2、1、0、5、0、1或者甚至0)重量%的SiO2、Bi2O3、B2O3、P2O5、GeO2、TeO2、As2O3和V2O5。
经观察,浆料提供润滑性,并且在操作期间保护纤维股线。对于纤维的一些用途,例如,作为金属基质复合材料中的加固,浆料通常在将金属施加到纤维之前的加工过程中被移除。浆料可以(例如)通过灼热浆料使之从纤维上脱离来移除。
具体实施方式
适用的耐火陶瓷氧化物纤维的例子包括氧化铝纤维、硅铝酸盐纤维、硼铝酸盐纤维、铝硼硅酸盐纤维、氧化锆-二氧化硅纤维以及它们的组合。适用的晶体耐火陶瓷氧化物纤维的例子包括氧化铝纤维、硅铝酸盐纤维、硼铝酸盐纤维、铝硼硅酸盐纤维、氧化锆-二氧化硅纤维以及它们的组合。适用的非晶体耐火陶瓷氧化物纤维的例子包括铝硼硅酸盐纤维、氧化锆-二氧化硅纤维以及它们的组合。在一些实施例中,期望纤维包含至少40(在一些实施例中,至少50、60、65、70、75、80、85、90、95、96、97、98、99或者甚至100)体积%的Al2O3(基于纤维的总体积)。在一些实施例中,期望纤维包含40至70(在一些实施例中,在55至70,或者甚至55至65范围内)体积%的Al2O3(基于纤维的总体积)。
部分晶体纤维可包含晶体陶瓷相和无定形相(即,纤维可既包含晶体陶瓷相又包含无定形相)的混合物。通常,连续陶瓷纤维具有至少约5微米的平均纤维直径,更通常的是,在约5微米至约20微米的范围内;在一些实施例中,在约5微米至约15微米的范围内。
氧化铝纤维在(例如)美国专利No.4,954,462(伍德(Wood)等人)和5,185,299(伍德等人)中有所描述。在一些实施例中,氧化铝纤维是多晶α-氧化铝纤维,并且包含(根据理论氧化物)大于99重量%的Al2O3和0.2-0.5重量%的SiO2(基于氧化铝纤维的总重量)。在另一方面,一些期望的多晶α-氧化铝纤维包含平均粒度小于1微米(或者甚至在一些实施例中小于0.5微米)的α-氧化铝。在另一方面,在一些实施例中,多晶α-氧化铝纤维具有至少1.6GPa(在一些实施例中,至少2.1GPa,或者甚至至少2.8GPa)的平均拉伸强度,如根据美国专利No.6.460,597(麦卡洛(McCullough)等人)中所述拉伸强度测试所测得的。示例性α-氧化铝纤维由3M公司(明尼苏达州圣保罗)以商品名“NEXTEL 610”售出。
硅铝酸盐纤维在(例如)美国专利No.4,047,965(卡斯特(Karst)等人)中有所描述。示例性硅铝酸盐纤维由3M公司(明尼苏达州圣保罗)以商品名“NEXTEL 440”、“NEXTEL 550”和“NEXTEL 720”售出。
硼铝酸盐纤维和铝硼硅酸盐纤维在(例如)美国专利No.3,795,524(索曼(Sowman))中有所描述。示例性铝硼硅酸盐纤维由3M公司以商品名“NEXTEL 312”售出。
氧化锆-二氧化硅纤维如(例如)美国专利No.3,709,706(索曼)中所述。
丝束在纤维领域中是已知的,并且通常包括多根(单根)大体上非扭曲的纤维(通常至少100根纤维,更通常的是至少400根纤维)。在一些实施例中,丝束包括每丝束至少780根单纤维,并且在一些情况下,每丝束至少2600根单纤维,或每丝束至少5200根单纤维。各种陶瓷纤维的丝束有多种长度可供选择,包括300米、500米、750米、1000米、1500米以及更长。纤维的横截面形状可以是圆形、椭圆形或狗骨形。
根据本发明的丝束可通过包括以下步骤的方法进行制备:
提供基本上连续的陶瓷氧化物纤维丝束,其中每根陶瓷氧化物纤维具有外表面;
用水基浆料涂布至少一些陶瓷氧化物纤维的至少一部分外表面;以及移除至少一部分水。水基浆料包含用下列化学式表示的组合物:
R’O-(RO)n-H,
其中R’选自CxH2x+1,其中x为1-8或-H;R选自由-(CyH2y)-(其中y为1-4)和-CH2-O-(CH2)m-(其中m=2-5)组成的组;并且其中选择n以使得数均分子量在500克/摩尔至7,000,000克/摩尔的范围内。通常,数均分子量在500克/摩尔至3,000,000克/摩尔(在一些实施例中,在500克/摩尔至600,000克/摩尔、500至400,000克/摩尔、500克/摩尔至300,000克/摩尔或者甚至4,000克/摩尔至40,000克/摩尔)的范围内。
适用的浆料包括聚(四亚甲基氧化物)(可(例如)以商品名“TERATHANE 2900”(数均分子量为2,900克/摩尔)得自英威达公司(堪萨斯州威奇塔)(Invista,Wichita,KS))、聚乙二醇(可(例如)以商品名“POLYGLYKOL 35000”(数均分子量为35,000克/摩尔)、“POLYGLYKOL 20000”(数均分子量为20,000克/摩尔)、“POLYGLYKOL 4000S”(数均分子量为4000克/摩尔)、“POLYGLYKOL 8000S”(数均分子量为8000克/摩尔)、“POLYGLYKOL 1500S”(数均分子量为1500克/摩尔)得自克莱瑞恩公司功能化学部(德国法兰克福)(Clariant GmbH FunctionalChemicals Division,Frankfurt,Germany))和高数均分子量的聚环氧乙烷材料(可(例如)以商品名“POLYOX WSR N-3000”(数均分子量为400,000克/摩尔)、“POLYOX WSR N-750”(数均分子量为300,000克/摩尔)和“POLYOX WSR-301”(数均分子量为4,000,000克/摩尔)得自陶氏化学公司(密歇根州米德兰)(Dow Chemical,Midland,MI))。
水溶性浆料(例如聚(乙二醇))可以溶解在水中,以提供水基浆料。水基浆料中水溶性浆料的浓度可以根据需要进行选择。通常,这类水基浆料是通过将水溶性浆料和水结合起来而制成,以提供包含1%至30%(按重量计)水溶性浆料的水基浆料;在一些实施例中,包含范围在1%至10%的水溶性浆料。
当使用不溶于水的材料(例如聚(四亚甲基氧化物))时,水基浆料被乳化。这类乳状液可以通过使用表面活性剂来制备。通常,用于制备乳状液的表面活性剂量在被乳化材料的0.5重量%至10重量%的范围内,但是该范围以外的表面活性剂量也可能有用。通常,乳状液在固体重量的5%至50%的范围内。如果乳状液的固体百分比高于所需,可以用水进行稀释。
在本领域中已经观察到,一般来讲,浆料提供(a)足够的强度,以将丝束中的纤维结合在一起形成内聚束;(b)良好的润滑/剥离特性,使得纤维/丝束不会粘住设备和导纱器,并且具有润滑作用以降低处理过程中对接触丝束的表面的摩擦和粘附;以及(c)在相对较低或中等温度(如,700℃)下被迅速地氧化而不在纤维上留下残余物(如,含碳的残余物)的能力。最后一项在金属基质线材制备工艺的实施例中尤其可取,其中通过在相对较低或中等温度下加热丝束,通常易于在相对较短的时间(如,小于30秒)内移除浆料。通过将氧化气体(如,空气)送入正在氧化浆料的区域来促进浆料的移除。虽然氧化气体的期望流速将取决于具体条件(如,具体的浆料、浆料量、纤维速度、温度、热区长度等),但是示例性流速包括约5升/分钟至约10升/分钟范围内的流速。
此外,本发明指明的浆料可以有效地施加到纤维(如,在约15℃-200℃的温度范围内的纤维)上,包括在纤维离开烧结炉时将浆料施加到其上。
根据本发明的丝束可用于(例如)制备金属基质复合材料线材。示例性的金属基质材料包括铝、锌、锡、镁和它们的合金(如,铝和铜的合金)。制备金属基质复合材料线材的技术在本领域内是已知的,并且包括(例如)在以下文献中所讨论的那些:美国专利No.5,501,906(德维(Deve))、6,180,232(麦卡洛等人)、6,245,425(麦卡洛等人)、6,336,495(麦卡洛等人)、6,544,645(麦卡洛等人)、6,447,927(麦卡洛等人)、6,460,597(麦卡洛等人)、6,329,056(德维等人)、6,344,270(麦卡洛等人)、6,485,796(卡彭特(Carpenter)等人)、6,559,385(约翰逊(Johnson)等人)、6,796,365(麦卡洛等人)、6,723,451(麦卡洛等人)和6,692,842(麦卡洛等人)和6,913,838(麦卡洛等人);序列号为10/403,643的美国专利申请(提交于2003年3月31日)、美国专利公开No.2005-0178000-A1(提交于2004年2月13日)、美国专利公开No.2005-0181228-A1(提交于2004年2月13日)、美国专利公开No.2005-0279526-A1(提交于2004年6月17日)、美国专利公开No.2005-0279527-A1(提交于2004年6月17日)以及美国专利No.7,093,416。
经观察,根据本发明由上浆纤维制成的金属基质复合材料线材的实施例与由不包括本发明中所用浆料的纤维(包括用其它浆料上浆的纤维)制成的金属基质复合材料线材相比更牢固(如,约2-8%)。
下面的实例进一步说明了本发明的优点和实施例,但是这些例子中所提到的具体材料及其数量以及其它条件和细节均不应被解释为对本发明的不当限制。除非另外指明,否则所有份额和百分比都按重量计。
实例
实例1
将52.2kg(115lbs.)的固态聚(四亚甲基氧化物)(数均分子量为2900克/摩尔;可以商品名“TERATHANE 2900”得自英威达公司(堪萨斯州威奇塔))放置在加热至60℃(140°F)的烘箱中过夜使其熔融。将284升(75加仑)的配有搅拌器的搪玻璃水夹套接收器升至60℃(140°F)。将搅拌器设置为80rpm,并且反应器装入所述熔化的聚(四亚甲基氧化物)(“TERATHANE 2900”)。然后,将52.2kg(1151bs.)的乙酸乙酯(得自西格玛奥德里奇公司(威斯康星州密尔沃基)(Sigma-Aldrich,Milwaukee,WI))加入反应器,再加入8.7kg(19.1lbs.)的十八烷基甲基(聚氧乙烯[15])氯化铵(可以商品名“ETHOQUAD 18/25”得自阿克苏诺贝尔公司(伊利诺州芝加哥)(AkzoNobel,Chicago,IL))。
将第二个284升(75加仑)的配有搅拌器(80rpm)的搪玻璃水夹套反应器升至60℃(140°F)。114kg(253lbs.)的去离子水通过0.2微米过滤器(得自C.C.Day公司(明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯)(C.C.Day Co.,Minneapolis,MN),零件编号为25-10110-002-01-WG)进行过滤,然后加入到反应器中。将搅拌器转速增至100rpm。当反应器和接收器的温度都为60℃(140°F)时,增大接收器上的氮气压力,使得内含物从第一反应器流入第二反应器中。
将二级匀化器(型号为70-M-310-TBS;得自曼通高琳制造公司(马萨诸塞州埃弗雷特)(Manton-Gaulin Manufacturing Co.,Everett,MA);用去离子水冲洗)的进水口接头连接到带有管道和0.2微米过滤器(得自C.C.Day公司;零件编号为25-10110-002-01-WG)的匀化器入口。将25微米的滤筒(得自C.C.Day公司;零件编号为SWF-25-RYA10T)连接到反应器的出口和匀化器的入口接头之间。将匀化器的操作压强设置为20.7MPa(3000磅/平方英寸),并且在20.7MPa(3000磅/平方英寸)下抽出混合物。当匀化器的输出物为不含固体的蓝白乳状液时,将输出物导入208升(55加仑)带有聚乙烯内衬的筒中。
蓝白乳状液第二次通过匀化器,并再次将输出物导入208升(55加仑)带有聚乙烯内衬的筒中。第一反应器配有冷凝物倾析器,在将蓝白乳状液装入(清洁)反应器前用去离子水进行冲洗和清理。将搅拌器转速升至60rpm,并且夹套温度设置为38℃(100°F)。然后,关闭反应器并在内含物上形成真空(8kPa(60mmHg))。当乙酸乙酯馏出液聚集在倾析器中时,将真空慢慢地增至(5.3kPa(40mmHg),以尽量减少过多的泡沫。当收集了45.4kg(100lbs.)的乙酸乙酯时,终止蒸馏,将反应器冷却至21℃(70°F),并且让所得的乳状液从25微米的筒过滤器(得自C.C.Day公司;零件编号为SWF-25-RYA10T)排出,流入19升(5加仑)聚乙烯衬里桶中并封盖。
按照下列步骤,使用涂层工位将所得的乳状液涂布到α-氧化铝纤维丝束(10,000但尼尔,由3M公司(明尼苏达州圣保罗)以商品名“NEXTEL CERAMIC OXIDE FIBER 610”*(NEXTEL陶瓷氧化物纤维610)售出)。用去离子水将上述的“TERATHANE 2900”乳状液稀释至5%“TERATHANE 2900”乳状液,并将其放置于涂层工位的上浆盘中。上浆辊通过浸渍在涂层盘中而获取乳状液。通过以34.7米/分钟(114英寸/分钟)的速率使丝束经过上浆辊来将浆料涂布到每根纤维丝束上。将上浆应用辊的速度设置为可提供1.5%的上浆净涂层重量。将被涂布的纤维丝束绕干燥罐(加热到100℃、直径为15cm(6英寸)的涂铬钢辊)十二次,再缠绕到纸板滚筒上。
施加到纤维丝束上的浆料量通过以下方法来测定:称量一条一米的(3英尺)上浆丝束(w初始),再将这条丝束放置于700℃的加热炉中持续5分钟,移除加热炉中的样本,使之冷却至室温,然后重新称量样本(w最终)。所施加的浆料重量%(Sw)采用下列公式进行计算:
干浆料的附加重量为约2重量%。经目测浆料已完全从纤维上烧掉。
实例2
用2858克去离子水装填4升(1加仑)的玻璃广口瓶。将配有考尔(Cowl)叶片式混合机的架空式混合机***玻璃广口瓶中,将转速升至500rpm,并在考尔叶片产生的涡旋中缓慢加入(约30分钟以上)150克的聚乙二醇(数均分子量为300,000克/摩尔,以商品名“POLYOXWSR N-750”得自陶氏化学公司(密歇根州米德兰))。将所得混合物放置在平台式振动台上(以商品名“INNOVA 2000”得自新布伦兹威克科学公司(新泽西州爱迪生)(New Brunswick Scientific Co.Inc.,Edison,NJ)),持续约60小时。
如实例1所述,将所得溶液涂布在氧化铝纤维丝束上。干浆料的附加重量为约1重量%。经目测浆料已完全从纤维上蒸发。
实例3
如实例2所述制备实例3,不同的是在聚乙二醇前将3克聚乙二醇(数均分子量为1500克/摩尔;以商品名“PEG 1500”得自西格玛奥德里奇公司(威斯康星州密尔沃基))加入到去离子水中。
如实例1中所述,将所得溶液涂布在氧化铝纤维丝束上。干浆料的附加重量为约1.5重量%。经目测浆料已完全从纤维上烧掉。
实例4
如实例2所述制备实例4,不同的是用150克聚乙二醇(数均分子量为20,000克/摩尔;以商品名“PEG 20,000”得自西格玛奥德里奇公司)替代聚乙二醇。所得物质是透明溶液。
如实例1所述,将所得溶液涂布在氧化铝纤维丝束上。干浆料的附加重量为约1重量%。经目测浆料已完全从纤维上烧掉。
实例5
用2850克去离子水装填3.8升(1加仑)的玻璃广口瓶。将配有考尔(Cowl)叶片式混合机的架空式混合机***玻璃广口瓶中,将转速升至500rpm,并在考尔叶片产生的涡旋中缓慢加入(约10分钟以上)150克的聚乙二醇(数均分子量为35,000克/摩尔,以商品名“POLYGLYKOL 35000”得自克莱瑞恩公司(北卡罗莱纳州蒙荷里)(Clariant Corporation,Mount Holly,NC))。所得物质是透明的无色溶液。
如实例1所述,稀释所得溶液,并将其涂布到氧化铝纤维丝束上。干浆料的附加重量为约1重量%。经目测浆料已完全从纤维上烧掉。
实例6
用2970克去离子水装填6升不锈钢烧杯,并将混合机(型号为#ME100L,以商品名“ROSS MIXER EMULSIFIER”(罗斯混合乳化机)得自罗斯公司(纽约州哈帕克)(Charles Ross&Son Co.Hauppauge,NY))***烧杯中。将混合机的转速升至5000rpm,并将30克聚乙二醇(数均分子量为4,000,000克/摩尔,以商品名“POLYOX WSR-301”得自陶氏化学公司)缓慢加入(约15分钟以上)水中。将所得混合物放置在振动台(参见实例2;在125rpm下)上,持续12小时。
如实例1中所述,将所得溶液涂布在氧化铝纤维丝束上。干浆料的附加重量为约1.5重量%。经目测浆料已完全从纤维上烧掉。
实例7
用2985克去离子水装填6升不锈钢烧杯。将配有考尔(Cowl)叶片式混合机的架空式混合机***玻璃广口瓶中,将转速升至500rpm,并将15克聚乙二醇(数均分子量为7,000,000克/摩尔;以商品名“POLYOX WSR-303”得自陶氏化学公司)缓慢加入(约30分钟以上)水中。将所得混合物放置在振动台(参见实例2;在125rpm下)上,持续12小时。
如实例1所述,将所得溶液涂布在氧化铝纤维丝束上。干浆料的附加重量为约2重量%。经目测浆料已完全从纤维上烧掉。
实例8
用2850克去离子水装填6升不锈钢烧杯,并将配有罗斯(Ross)筛头的混合机(“ROSS MIXER EMULSIFIER”)***烧杯中。将混合机转速升至5000rpm,并将水加热至约60℃,再将30克聚乙二醇(“POLYOX WSR N-750”)缓慢加入(约15分钟以上)水中。将所得混合物放置在传统辊台(约40rpm)上持续12小时,从而获得浑浊溶液。
如实例1所述,将所得溶液涂布在氧化铝纤维丝束上。干浆料的附加重量为约1.3重量%。经目测浆料已完全从纤维上烧掉。
实例9
用2850克去离子水装填6升不锈钢烧杯,并将配有罗斯分散器叶片的混合机(“ROSS MIXER EMULSIFIER”)***烧杯中。将混合机的转速升至5000rpm,并将150克聚乙二醇(数均分子量为400,000,以商品名“POLYOX WSR N-3000”得自陶氏化学公司)缓慢加入(约30分钟以上)水中。这样可得到透明溶液。
如实例1所述,将所得溶液涂布在氧化铝纤维丝束上。干浆料的附加重量为约1.5重量%。经目测浆料已完全从纤维上烧掉。
实例10
如实例3所述制备实例10,不同的是将聚乙二醇(数均分子量为4000克/摩尔;以商品名“POLYGLYKOL 4000S”得自克莱瑞恩公司)而不是“PEG 1500”聚乙二醇加入去离子水中。
如实例1所述,将所得溶液涂布在氧化铝纤维丝束上。干浆料的附加重量为约1.3重量%。经目测浆料已完全从纤维上烧掉。
实例11
如实例10所述制备实例11,不同的是将聚乙二醇(数均分子量为8000克/摩尔;以商品名“POLYGLYKOL 8000S”得自克莱瑞恩公司)而不是“POLYGLYKOL 4000S”聚乙二醇加入去离子水中。
如实例1所述,将所得溶液涂布在氧化铝纤维丝束上。干浆料的附加重量为约2重量%。经目测浆料已完全从纤维上烧掉。
实例12
如实例2所述方法,制备实例12,不同的是将147克“POLYOXWSR N-750”和3.02克“PEG-1500”而不是150克“POLYOX WSRN-750”聚乙二醇加入去离子水中。干浆料的附加重量为约1.2重量%。经目测浆料已完全从纤维上烧掉。
不脱离本发明的保护范围和精神的本发明的各种修改和更改对本领域内的技术人员将变得显而易见,并且应当理解本发明不得不当地限制在本文提出的示例性实施例。
Claims (8)
1.一种基本上连续的陶瓷氧化物纤维的丝束,其中每根陶瓷氧化物纤维具有外表面,其中至少一些所述陶瓷氧化物纤维的至少一部分所述外表面上具有浆料,并且其中所述浆料包含由下列化学式表示的组合物:
R’O-(RO)n-H,
其中:
R’选自CxH2x+1或-H,其中x为1-8;
R选自由-(CyH2y)-和-CH2-O-(CH2)m-组成的组,其中y为1-4,m=2-5;并且
选择n以使得数均分子量处于500克/摩尔至7,000,000克/摩尔的范围内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的丝束,其中所述基本上连续的陶瓷氧化物纤维是晶体。
3.根据权利要求1所述的丝束,其中所述基本上连续的陶瓷氧化物纤维选自由晶体氧化铝纤维、晶体硅铝酸盐纤维、晶体铝硼硅酸盐纤维以及它们的组合组成的组。
4.根据权利要求1所述的丝束,其中选择n以使得数均分子量处于500克/摩尔至3,000,000克/摩尔的范围内。
5.根据权利要求1所述的丝束,其中选择n以使得数均分子量处于500克/摩尔至400,000克/摩尔的范围内。
6.一种提供根据权利要求1所述的基本上连续的陶瓷氧化物纤维丝束的方法,所述方法包括:
提供基本上连续的陶瓷氧化物纤维丝束,其中每根陶瓷氧化物纤维具有外表面;
用水基浆料涂布至少一些陶瓷氧化物纤维的至少一部分所述外表面,其中所述浆料包含由下列化学式表示的组合物:
R1’O-(R1O)n1-H,
其中:
R1’选自Cx1H2x1+1或-H,其中x1为1-8;
R1选自由-(Cy1H2y1)-和-CH2-O-(CH2)m1-组成的组,其中y1为1-4,m1=2-5;并且其中选择n以使得数均分子量在500克/摩尔至7,000,000克/摩尔的范围内;以及
移除至少一部分水。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中所述水基浆料为溶液。
8.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中所述水基浆料为乳状液。
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WO2019142168A1 (en) | 2018-01-22 | 2019-07-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Method of making ceramic matrix slurry infused ceramic tows and ceramic matrix composites |
WO2020068999A1 (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2020-04-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fiber tows with a heat-activated sizing |
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TW200732271A (en) | 2007-09-01 |
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KR20080083689A (ko) | 2008-09-18 |
CA2635709A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
CA2635709C (en) | 2013-11-05 |
RU2008126538A (ru) | 2010-02-10 |
US20070178304A1 (en) | 2007-08-02 |
WO2007079167A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
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