CN101327928A - Calcium carbide production method - Google Patents
Calcium carbide production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101327928A CN101327928A CNA2008101175402A CN200810117540A CN101327928A CN 101327928 A CN101327928 A CN 101327928A CN A2008101175402 A CNA2008101175402 A CN A2008101175402A CN 200810117540 A CN200810117540 A CN 200810117540A CN 101327928 A CN101327928 A CN 101327928A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a carbide preparation method belonging to the field of carbide preparation. The conventional carbide preparation technology adopts block materials and electric arc as a heat-supply, while the preparation method according to the invention adopts powdery carbon-containing materials and powdery calcium-containing materials, and the combustion of partial carbon-containing materials and oxygen-containing gas as a heat-supply at 1700-2300 DEG C to prepare carbide, wherein the carbon-containing materials is coal or coke, calcium-containing materials is calcium carbonate, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide or carbide slag, the granularity of the carbon-containing materials and calcium-containing materials is less than 1mm, and the quality ratio is 0.5-3:1. The oxygen-containing gas for combustion is oxygen, oxygen-enriched air or air. The method solves the problems of high energy consumption and high pollution of the carbide preparation and has advantages of wide choice scope of materials, high energy utilization rate, continuous operation and large production capacity. The technology also couples with the process of carbon-containing materials coking and calcium-containing materials calcining, preheats the materials to 500-1500 DEG C utilizing the combustion of by-products CO of the carbide preparation and the assistant fuel, thereby further reducing the oxygen and energy consumption of the carbide preparation.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of calcium carbide production method, be specifically related to powdery and contain carbon feedstock and powdery calcic raw material and produce calcium carbide, and utilize calcium carbide to produce the burning preheating powder raw material of by product CO and auxiliary fuel by the partial combustion direct heating in oxygen-containing atmosphere.
Background technology:
Carbide of calcium is commonly called as calcium carbide (CaC
2), the middle of last century is described as the mother of organic synthesis before.Be mainly used in series product such as producing chlorovinyl, vinyl acetate between to for plastic base and acrylic at present, come from carbide acetylene as PVC (polyvinyl chloride) production of China about 70%.In recent years, the surging calcium carbide industrial expansion that stimulated of oil price, China's calcium carbide output was by 4,250,000 tons of 1,177 ten thousand tons of being increased to 2006 in 2002.
Fixed bed-arc process is adopted in traditional calcium carbide production, and the high temperature that utilizes electric arc to produce is heated to block calcium oxide in the fixed bed (also claiming moving-bed or electric furnace) and block coke more than 2000 ℃, stops certain hour and generates the molten state calcium carbide.The mixture of calcium oxide and coke is added by the electric furnace upper end in the production process, and the CO that the two reaction generates discharges from upper of furnace body by the lumpy material slit, and fused product calcium carbide is discharged by furnace bottom, obtains finished product after cooling, fragmentation.
Arc process adopts high-grade electric energy heating, and energy consumption is very high.It is reported that the average current drain of 1 ton of calcium carbide of China's production reaches 3250kWh[Tang Wei, power-saving technology, 1999,17 (1): 38], wherein, about 60% are used for raw material heating and reaction, take away [Zheng Guohan by high temperature calcium carbide furnace gas (comprising CO) emptying about 40%, the calcium carbide progress in Production Technology, modern chemical industry, 1985:22-25].In addition, the electric furnace complex structure, be difficult to amplify, consumed electrode is big, cause dropping into and running cost very high.
It is reported that calcium carbide also can promptly provide heat by burnings such as coal, heavy oil or Sweet natural gases by the hot method preparation of oxygen, substitutes electrode heat supply [Zheng Guohan, calcium carbide progress in Production Technology, modern chemical industry, 1985:22-25].Japan (clear 61-178412) and Germany disclose the hot method of the complete burnt oxygen of shaft furnace, but because the multiplication of coke consumption amount, production cost also is higher than arc process.2005, China (CN1843907A) disclosed a kind of oxygen combustion injection technology with relatively inexpensive fuel auxiliary heat supplying such as coal, Sweet natural gas, heavy oil, by adding fluorite and bushel iron, produces calcium carbide and ferrosilicon simultaneously, and by-product gas CO is used to produce coal gas.But so far, oxygen Re Fashang does not apply [chemical industry Technological Economy, 1990,1:20].
Obviously, the hot method of traditional arc process and oxygen is produced calcium carbide and is all adopted fixed-bed reactor, can only use block raw material (3-20cm), to ensure the discharge of product C O gas, avoids air-flow freely not cause " collapsing bed ".Yet the reaction surface of block raw material is little, speed of reaction is slow, and the residence time in stove is long, throughput is little, and energy consumption of unit product is very high.In addition, the loss of block raw material in getting the raw materials ready is very big, and general about raw material more than 20% can not use [Wei Zemin, calcium carbide industrial energy saving Study on Technology, Chinese chlor-alkali, 1998,7:31] because grinding particle size is too small.The key reason of therefore, calcium carbide production " high investment, high energy consumption, high pollution " is that the mode, the by-product gas CO that adopt block raw material and electric arc heat supply rationally do not utilize.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is intended to solve the problem of calcium carbide production " high investment, high energy consumption, high pollution ", and the contriver develops the calcium carbide production method that a kind of technology is simple, energy consumption is little, raw material sources are extensive, cost is low by a large amount of research and performing creative labour.
Powdery is contained carbon feedstock to described method and powdery calcic raw material mixes, and by containing the carbon feedstock partial combustion, the direct heating mixture is produced calcium carbide.
Described powder raw material be granularity less than 1mm contain carbon feedstock and granularity calcic raw material less than 1mm, preferred granularity is less than 0.3mm.
The mass ratio that contains carbon feedstock and calcic raw material is 0.5-3: 1; Preferred mass ratio is 0.7-2: 1.
After the mixing, by containing carbon feedstock partial combustion direct heating, described to contain the oxygenant that the carbon feedstock partial combustion adopted be oxygen-containing gas, O in the oxygen-containing gas
2With the mol ratio that contains C in the carbon feedstock be 0.1-0.6, make the temperature of mixture reach 1700-2300 ℃, preferred range is 1750-1950 ℃; Reacted 0.1-10 minute, and generated calcium carbide.
The described carbon feedstock that contains is coal, coke or the mixing of the two, and the calcic raw material is one or several mixing of lime carbonate, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide or carbide slag.
Described oxygen-containing gas is oxygen, oxygen-rich air or air, can be by regulating oxygen-containing gas and the ratio that contains carbon feedstock, conditioned reaction temperature.
Described powdery contains carbon feedstock and powdery calcic raw material mix after, be preheated to 500-1500 ℃, and then reach 1700-2300 ℃ by containing the temperature of reaction that the carbon feedstock partial combustion makes mixture, generate calcium carbide.
Pining for used pre-heating fuel in advance is calcium carbide process gas product C O or auxiliary fuel, and pining for used oxygenant in advance is oxygen or air.When described pre-heating fuel was calcium carbide process gas product C O, the volume ratio of CO and air was 1: 2.5-4.
Preheating not only can reduce the consumption that contains carbon feedstock in the subsequent reactions, improves the calcium carbide purity in the product, and can reduce the oxygen consumption of reaction.
The fuel used calcium carbide that comprises of preheating is produced by product CO and auxiliary fuel.Described auxiliary fuel comprises geseous fuel and liquid fuel.The by product that CO produces as calcium carbide, its emptying meeting causes atmospheric pollution, and its chemical utilization relates to deep desulfuration and transportation problem, the cost height.The present invention as one of pre-heating fuel, had both prevented atmospheric pollution with CO, had effectively utilized energy again, killed two birds with one stone.
The present invention has following advantage:
Compare with traditional calcium carbide production method, the present invention adopts powder raw material, and raw material sources are wide, utilization ratio is high, speed of reaction is fast, temperature of reaction is low, throughput is big.
Employing contains carbon feedstock partial combustion direct heating and replaces the electric arc heat supply, and reactor is simple, cost is low, and energy consumption of reaction is low.
Utilize by-product gas CO preheating material, make coking, calcined lime and raw material preheating become one energy saving of system.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
120 gram particles are directly directly sprayed in the reactor for the coke of 0.63mm and 66 liters of oxygen for the CaO of 0.63mm, 150 gram particles, make material temperature reach 1750 ℃, react 10 minutes postcooling to normal temperature, take out solid product, gained solid product amount is 192g, calcium carbide content is 68%, and gas forming amount is 237L/kg.
Embodiment 2
Utilize 48 liters calcium carbide production by-product gas CO and 120 liters air combustion, with the 120g granularity is that the calcium oxide of 0.13mm and coke that the 110g granularity is 0.13mm are preheated to 1500 ℃, the oxygen of preheating material and 60 liters sprays into reactor then, make material temperature reach 1750 ℃, react 5 minutes postcooling to normal temperature, take out solid product, gained solid product amount is 149g, calcium carbide content is 78%, and gas forming amount is 274L/kg.
Embodiment 3
With the 120g granularity is that the normal temperature oxidation calcium of 0.13mm, normal temperature coke and 128 liters of oxygen that the 125g granularity is 0.13mm spray in the reactor, make material temperature reach 1950 ℃, react 2 minutes postcooling to normal temperature, take out solid product, gained solid product amount is 144g, calcium carbide content is 88%, and gas forming amount is 309L/kg.
Embodiment 4
With the 120g granularity is that the calcium oxide of 0.16mm, coke and 114 liters of oxygen that the 190g granularity is 0.16mm spray in the reactor, make material temperature reach 1750 ℃, react 7 minutes postcooling to normal temperature, take out solid product, gained solid product amount is 189g, calcium carbide content is 73%, and gas forming amount is 254L/kg.
Embodiment 5
Utilize 48 liters calcium carbide production by-product gas CO and 120 liters air combustion, 215 gram particles directly directly are preheated to 900 ℃ for the coke of 0.40mm for the lime carbonate of 0.40mm, 150 gram particles, preheating material and 36 liters of oxygen spray in the reactor then, make material temperature reach 1750 ℃, react 10 minutes postcooling to normal temperature, take out solid product, gained solid product amount is 193g, calcium carbide content is 66%, and gas forming amount is 232L/kg.
Embodiment 6
Utilize 48 liters calcium carbide production by-product gas CO and 120 liters air combustion, with the 120g granularity is the calcium oxide of 0.13mm and pulverized coal preheating to 1300 that the 145g granularity is 0.13mm ℃, the oxygen of preheating material and 73 liters sprays into reactor then, make material temperature reach 1800 ℃, react 5 minutes postcooling to normal temperature, take out solid product, gained solid product amount is 164g, calcium carbide content is 71%, and gas forming amount is 249L/kg.
Embodiment 7
Utilize 5 liters CH
4Air combustion with 50 liters, with the 159g granularity is that the calcium hydroxide of 0.13mm and coke that the 140g granularity is 0.13mm are preheated to 500 ℃, the oxygen of preheating material and 116 liters sprays into reactor then, make material temperature reach 1750 ℃, react 5 minutes postcooling to normal temperature, take out solid product, gained solid product amount is 152g, calcium carbide content is 77%, and gas forming amount is 272L/kg.
Embodiment 8
Utilize the air combustion of 8 gram diesel oil and 140 liters, with the 188g granularity is that the carbide slag of 0.13mm and coke that the 126g granularity is 0.13mm are preheated to 900 ℃, the oxygen of preheating material and 68 liters sprays into reactor then, make material temperature reach 1750 ℃, react 5 minutes postcooling to normal temperature, take out solid product, gained solid product amount is 174g, calcium carbide content is 68%, and gas forming amount is 238L/kg.
Embodiment 9
With the 120g granularity is that the calcium oxide of 0.16mm, coal dust and 570 litres of air that the 340g granularity is 0.16mm spray in the reactor, make material temperature reach 1750 ℃, react 7 minutes postcooling to normal temperature, take out solid product, gained solid product amount is 189g, calcium carbide content is 73%, and gas forming amount is 254L/kg.
Embodiment 1-9 adopts carbon raw material direct heating mode to prepare calcium carbide, and preparation temperature and modern fine coal electricity generation boiler temperature classes are seemingly, therefore prepare the calcium carbide technology with present heated by electrodes and compare, avoided the power loss in coal → heat → electricity → thermal process, save energy consumption more than 50%; Embodiment 1-11 adopts powder raw material, prepares the calcium carbide technology with present block raw material, heated by electrodes and compares, and has improved the treatment capacity of Reaktionsofen, can save energy 10% again.
Embodiment 2 and 5-8 produce the raw materials such as the pre-hot coal of air combustion, lime carbonate, calcium hydroxide, carbide slag of by product CO or auxiliary fuel by calcium carbide, avoided present technology to need to prepare the high energy consumption process of raw material by coking and calcined lime, and kept the sensible heat of coke and calcium oxide, can save energy 10% again.
Claims (10)
1. a calcium carbide production method is characterized in that: powdery is contained carbon feedstock and the mixing of powdery calcic raw material, by containing carbon feedstock partial combustion direct heating mixture, produce calcium carbide.
2. calcium carbide production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: granularity is contained carbon feedstock and granularity less than the powdery of 1mm mix less than the powdery calcic raw material of 1mm, the mass ratio that contains carbon feedstock and calcic raw material is 0.5-3: 1; After the mixing, by containing carbon feedstock partial combustion direct heating, described to contain the oxygenant that the carbon feedstock partial combustion adopted be oxygen-containing gas, O in the oxygen-containing gas
2With the mol ratio that contains C in the carbon feedstock be 0.1-0.6, make the temperature of mixture reach 1700-2300 ℃, reacted 0.1-10 minute, generate calcium carbide.
3. calcium carbide production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described powdery contains the temperature of reaction that the carbon feedstock partial combustion makes mixture system and reaches 1750-1950 ℃.
4. calcium carbide production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described powdery contains the granularity of carbon feedstock and powdery calcic raw material less than 0.3mm.
5. calcium carbide production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described carbon feedstock that contains is coal, coke or the mixing of the two, and the calcic raw material is one or several mixing of lime carbonate, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide or carbide slag.
6. calcium carbide production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described mass ratio that contains carbon feedstock and calcic raw material is 0.7-2: 1.
7. calcium carbide production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described oxygen-containing gas is oxygen, oxygen-rich air or air.
8. calcium carbide production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described powdery is preheated to 500-1500 ℃ after containing carbon feedstock and the mixing of powdery calcic raw material.
9. calcium carbide production method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: pining for used pre-heating fuel in advance is calcium carbide process gas product C O or auxiliary fuel, and pining for used oxygenant in advance is oxygen or air.
10. calcium carbide production method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: when described pre-heating fuel was calcium carbide process gas product C O, the volume ratio of CO and air was 1: 2.5-4.
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101175402A CN101327928A (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2008-08-01 | Calcium carbide production method |
| PCT/CN2009/072770 WO2010012193A1 (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2009-07-15 | Method and system for the production of calcium carbide |
| CN200980123693.0A CN102066248B (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2009-07-15 | Method and system for the production of calcium carbide |
| CA2730754A CA2730754C (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2009-07-15 | Method and system for producing calcium carbide |
| JP2011520306A JP5498494B2 (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2009-07-15 | Carbide manufacturing method and system |
| US13/017,207 US20110123428A1 (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2011-01-31 | Method and system for producing calcium carbide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101175402A CN101327928A (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2008-08-01 | Calcium carbide production method |
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| CN101327928A true CN101327928A (en) | 2008-12-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNA2008101175402A Pending CN101327928A (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2008-08-01 | Calcium carbide production method |
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| WO2010012193A1 (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2010-02-04 | 北京化工大学 | Method and system for the production of calcium carbide |
| CN101817525A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-09-01 | 山西亿众公用事业有限公司 | Process and device for producing calcium carbide by using powder raw materials through two-stage method |
| WO2010099640A1 (en) * | 2009-03-04 | 2010-09-10 | Jia Huiping | Method and equipment of producing iron by smelting-reduction |
| CN101830464A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-09-15 | 山西亿众公用事业有限公司 | Technique for producing calcium carbide and cogeneration by two-stage method and device thereof |
| WO2010105385A1 (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-09-23 | Bayer Technology Services Gmbh | Coal gasification with additional production of useful materials |
| CN102249233A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2011-11-23 | 宁夏兴平精细化工股份有限公司 | Process for synthesizing calcium carbide smelting raw material by extruding semi-coke, calcined coal and lime powder |
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| CN105776218A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-20 | 神雾环保技术股份有限公司 | Calcium carbide preparation system and method |
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- 2008-08-01 CN CNA2008101175402A patent/CN101327928A/en active Pending
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| CN102066248A (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2011-05-18 | 北京化工大学 | Method and system for the production of calcium carbide |
| WO2010012193A1 (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2010-02-04 | 北京化工大学 | Method and system for the production of calcium carbide |
| WO2010099640A1 (en) * | 2009-03-04 | 2010-09-10 | Jia Huiping | Method and equipment of producing iron by smelting-reduction |
| WO2010105385A1 (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-09-23 | Bayer Technology Services Gmbh | Coal gasification with additional production of useful materials |
| CN101817525A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-09-01 | 山西亿众公用事业有限公司 | Process and device for producing calcium carbide by using powder raw materials through two-stage method |
| CN101830464A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2010-09-15 | 山西亿众公用事业有限公司 | Technique for producing calcium carbide and cogeneration by two-stage method and device thereof |
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| CN103303922A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2013-09-18 | 李远明 | Production method for calcium carbide and calcium carbide production system used in same |
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| CN102674351B (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2014-07-09 | 贵州开磷（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for producing calcium carbide from ardealite |
| CN102674351A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-09-19 | 贵州开磷（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for producing calcium carbide from ardealite |
| CN103272536A (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2013-09-04 | 北京化工大学 | Composite bed reactor and method for combined production of calcium carbide, gas and tar |
| CN103272536B (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2016-05-04 | 北京化工大学 | Composite bed reactor and the method for a kind of coproduction calcium carbide, coal gas and tar |
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| CN103864075A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-06-18 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for catalytically synthesizing calcium carbide |
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| CN105293497A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-02-03 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Calcium carbide smelting process by oxygen heating method |
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| CN105776218A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-20 | 神雾环保技术股份有限公司 | Calcium carbide preparation system and method |
| CN106430199A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-02-22 | 贵州大学 | Method for producing calcium carbide by calcium sulfate |
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| CN107083491A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-08-22 | 安徽工业大学 | The technique that a kind of carbothermy produces magnesium metal and calcium carbide simultaneously |
| CN107083491B (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2018-11-27 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of technique that carbothermy produces magnesium metal and calcium carbide simultaneously |
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