CN101254572A - Method diffusion welding titanium alloy and copper alloy using niobium central layer - Google Patents
Method diffusion welding titanium alloy and copper alloy using niobium central layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101254572A CN101254572A CNA2008100467121A CN200810046712A CN101254572A CN 101254572 A CN101254572 A CN 101254572A CN A2008100467121 A CNA2008100467121 A CN A2008100467121A CN 200810046712 A CN200810046712 A CN 200810046712A CN 101254572 A CN101254572 A CN 101254572A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for welding titanium alloy and copper alloy. A method for diffusion-welding titanium alloy and copper alloy by using niobium intermediate layer is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting niobium foil or powder as the intermediate layer for connecting a titanium alloy sheet and a copper alloy sheet, and cleaning the surfaces to be welded of the titanium alloy sheet and the copper alloy sheet; (2) arranging the niobium intermediate layer between the titanium alloy sheet and the copper alloy sheet, putting the whole into a graphite mold, transferring the graphite mold into a vacuum welding furnace, and applying a pre-pressure of 0.5 to 2 MPa to compress the mold; and (3) vacuuming the vacuum welding furnace, heating when the vacuum degree is larger than 5*10<-3> Pa with a speed of 2 to 10 DEG C/min to 700 to 850 DEG C, keeping the temperature for 30 to 60 min, applying an axial pressure of 5 to 10 MPa before keeping the temperature, decreasing the temperature when reaching the temperature-keeping time, discharging the pressure and cooling. The method can achieve high-strength connection between titanium alloy and copper alloy, and is suitable for high-strength connection of various kinds of titanium and copper alloys.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for a kind of weld metal titanium alloy and copper alloy.
Background technology
Development of modern science and technology often requires the different parts of same member to bear different conditions of work, and is not only uneconomical with the member that single metal material manufacturing is such, and is impossible sometimes.If can be combined into member to several different metals and make metal on the member different parts as far as possible is the best material section that can bear the relevant work condition, just can maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, bring into play the potentiality of various materials to greatest extent.
Titanium alloy is as a kind of important structural material, and advantage such as have that proportion is little, intensity is high, heat-resisting and corrosion resistance is good is able to extensive use in fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, petrochemical industry, medical treatment, but owing to cost an arm and a leg, has limited further and applied.Copper alloy has good ductility and processability, and electrical conductivity height, thermal conductivity are good, but has hindered its application in the deficiency aspect non-oxidizability, fusing point and the hardness.Therefore, the interconnection technique of research titanium alloy and copper alloy is given full play to the two performance advantage separately, is one of effective way of further widening titanium, copper alloy application.For example, titanium-carbon/carbon-copper composite material can combine the corrosion resistance of titanium alloy and the satisfactory electrical conductivity of copper alloy together as a kind of critical piece of metal anode, can replace traditional graphite anode, and its life-span is improved more than 10 times, and is energy-conservation more than 20%.
Diffusion welding (DW) is a kind of efficient ways that connects dissimilar metal and alloy, compares with other welding method, and the quality that it has welding point is good, the weldment bulk deformation is little, operating process is simple, technological parameter is easily transferred advantages such as easily control.But, between titanium alloy and the copper alloy since physical properties such as fusing point, thermal conductivity, thermal coefficient of expansion exist than big-difference, and the lattice types difference of the two, atomic radius is also mutually far short of what is expected, titanium alloy is difficult to realize reliable the connection with the direct contact diffusion welding (DW) of copper alloy, and the problem that produces during welding mainly contains:
The intersolubility of titanium and copper is little, easily forms the intermetallic compound of multiple fragility, and joint fragility is increased; Hydrogen-absorbing ability when titanium and copper high temperature is all very strong, easily produces fragility hydride, can significantly reduce the plasticity and the toughness of welding point; The thermal coefficient of expansion of titanium and copper differs nearly one times, can produce bigger stress during welding, and cracking phenomena very easily takes place the weldment of acquisition; Titanium and copper is easily oxidation all, and oxide-film can weaken the interface binding ability between titanium and the copper.
Summary of the invention
For solve the problem that direct Pervasion Weld Technology exists when connecting titanium and copper, the invention provides a kind of method of utilizing niobium intermediate layer Diffusion Welding titanium alloy and copper alloy, this method can realize that titanium alloy is connected with the high strength of copper alloy.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of method of utilizing niobium intermediate layer Diffusion Welding titanium alloy and copper alloy may further comprise the steps:
1) select niobium paper tinsel or niobium powder as the intermediate layer that connects titanium alloy sheet and alcu alloy film, the surface to be welded of cleaning titanium alloy sheet and alcu alloy film;
2) the niobium intermediate layer is placed between titanium alloy sheet and the alcu alloy film, integral body is put into graphite jig, then graphite jig is moved in the vacuum brazing stove, is positioned between the graphite seaming chuck and graphite push-down head in the stove, and applies the precompression compacting of 0.5～2MPa;
3) to the vacuum welding stove evacuation, when vacuum greater than 5 * 10
-3During Pa, begin heating, be incubated 30～60min after being warming up to 700～850 ℃, heating rate is 2～10 ℃/min, and applies the axial compressive force of 5～10MPa before insulation; After reaching temperature retention time, begin cooling, removal pressure and cool off with stove.
The thickness in described niobium intermediate layer (niobium paper tinsel or niobium powder) is 50～100 μ m.
Purity 〉=99% of described niobium paper tinsel, niobium powder, the particle mean size of niobium powder are 5～20 μ m.
Described titanium alloy disk is Ti-6Al-4V alloy, Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy or Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al alloy.
Described copper alloy disk is oxygen-free copper, bronze, brass or copper-nickel alloy.
The present invention carries out vacuum diffusion welding by adding niobium intermediate layer between titanium alloy and copper alloy and connects, and on the one hand, can prevent the generation of compound between brittle metal when titanium alloy directly is connected with copper alloy, improves the toughness and the bond strength of joint; On the other hand, physical properties such as the thermal coefficient of expansion of niobium and thermal conductivity are between titanium alloy and copper alloy, and it plays the effect of alleviating joint stress and reducing joint deformation between titanium, copper alloy, thereby can effectively improve strength of joint.Utilize preparation method of the present invention, can realize that the high strength of multiple titanium, copper alloy connects.For example, the Nb paper tinsel that adopts 50 μ m is as the intermediate layer, and the tensile strength of the weldment joint of Diffusion Welding Ti-6Al-4V alloy and oxygen-free copper reaches 107MPa, exceeds 40MPa than the intensity of the direct welding body that does not add the Nb paper tinsel.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the assembling schematic diagram of Diffusion Welding titanium alloy of the present invention and copper alloy;
Fig. 2 is the micro-structure diagram that the present invention adds the linkage interface of Diffusion Welding titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) and copper alloy (oxygen-free copper) behind the niobium paper tinsel intermediate layer;
Fig. 3 is the micro-structure diagram of the linkage interface of direct Diffusion Welding titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) and copper alloy (oxygen-free copper);
Among the figure: 1-graphite seaming chuck; The last solder mask of 2-; 3-graphite round jacket; 4-graphite push-down head; 5-vacuum brazing stove push-down head; 6-vacuum brazing stove seaming chuck; 7-titanium alloy sheet; 8-niobium intermediate layer; The 9-alcu alloy film; Solder mask under the 10-.
The specific embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention not only is confined to the following examples.
Embodiment 1: titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) is connected with copper alloy (oxygen-free copper),
A kind of method of utilizing niobium intermediate layer Diffusion Welding titanium alloy and copper alloy may further comprise the steps:
1) removing surface of workpiece before the welding: select the niobium paper tinsel as the intermediate layer that connects Ti-6Al-4V alloy and oxygen-free copper disk, the niobium intermediate layer is purity 99%, thickness 50 μ m, diameter 25mm; Weldment is Ti-6Al-4V alloy and the oxygen-free copper disk of diameter 25mm; The welding surface of Ti-6Al-4V alloy, oxygen-free copper disk and niobium paper tinsel is smooth with the processing of equipment such as surface grinding machine, grinder, and the abrasive paper for metallograph that is respectively 1000#, 1500# and 2000# with granularity polishes smooth step by step then; With deionized water Ti-6Al-4V alloy, oxygen-free copper disk and niobium paper tinsel are rinsed well then, and cleaned 10min with the acetone ultrasonic wave, standby.
2) weldment assembles, goes into stove: as shown in Figure 1, niobium intermediate layer 8 being placed between titanium alloy sheet 7 (Ti-6Al-4V alloy) and the alcu alloy film 9 (oxygen-free copper disk), the oxygen-free copper disk is placed bottom, place the niobium intermediate layer then, is the Ti-6Al-4V alloy topmost; The whole workpiece that assembles is put into graphite jig, be positioned between graphite seaming chuck 1 and the graphite push-down head 4, placing solder mask 2 between graphite seaming chuck 1 and the titanium alloy sheet 7, solder mask 10 under placing between graphite push-down head 4 and the alcu alloy film 9; Then the weldment that assembles is put between vacuum brazing stove seaming chuck 6 in the vacuum brazing stove and the vacuum brazing stove push-down head 5 and applies the precompression compacting of 0.5MPa.Among Fig. 1: label 3 is the graphite round jacket of graphite jig.Last solder mask 2, following solder mask 10 are respectively the Graphite pads of diameter 25mm, thickness 1.5mm.
3) vacuum diffusion welding, come out of the stove: to the vacuum welding stove evacuation, when vacuum greater than 5 * 10
-3During Pa, begin heating, the heating rate with 10 ℃/min is warming up to 800 ℃ earlier, rises to 850 ℃ with 2 ℃/min then, is incubated 30min, applies the axial compressive force of 5MPa before insulation; After reaching temperature retention time, begin cooling, removal pressure and cool off with stove.
Fig. 2 is the microstructure that adds the linkage interface of Diffusion Welding Ti-6Al-4V alloy and oxygen-free copper behind the niobium intermediate layer, compare with the joint interface (Fig. 3) of direct Diffusion Welding, after adding the niobium paper tinsel, the interface of welding point is clear, smooth, deformation quantity is little, and does not have compound transition layer between tangible brittle metal.The tensile strength test experiments shows, the strength of welded joint that adds the niobium intermediate layer reaches 107MPa, exceeds 40MPa than the intensity of the direct welding body that does not add the Nb paper tinsel.
Embodiment 2: titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) is connected with copper alloy (bronze),
A kind of method of utilizing niobium intermediate layer Diffusion Welding titanium alloy and copper alloy may further comprise the steps:
1) removing surface of workpiece before the welding: select the niobium paper tinsel as the intermediate layer that connects Ti-6Al-4V alloy and bronze disk, the niobium intermediate layer is purity 99%, thickness 100 μ m, diameter 25mm; Weldment is Ti-6Al-4V alloy and the bronze disk of diameter 25mm; The welding surface of Ti-6Al-4V alloy, bronze disk and niobium paper tinsel is smooth with the processing of equipment such as surface grinding machine, grinder, and the abrasive paper for metallograph that is respectively 1000#, 1500# and 2000# with granularity polishes smooth step by step then; With deionized water Ti-6Al-4V alloy, bronze disk and niobium paper tinsel are rinsed well then, and cleaned 10min with the acetone ultrasonic wave, standby.
2) weldment assembles, goes into stove: the niobium intermediate layer being placed between Ti-6Al-4V alloy and the bronze disk, bronze disk is placed bottom, place the niobium intermediate layer then, is the Ti-6Al-4V alloy topmost; The whole workpiece that assembles is put into graphite jig, be positioned between graphite seaming chuck and the graphite push-down head, between graphite seaming chuck and titanium alloy sheet (Ti-6Al-4V alloy), place and go up solder mask, solder mask under placing between graphite push-down head and the alcu alloy film (bronze disk); Then the weldment that assembles is put between vacuum brazing stove seaming chuck in the vacuum brazing stove and the vacuum brazing stove push-down head and applies the precompression compacting of 2MPa.Last solder mask, following solder mask are respectively the Graphite pads of diameter 25mm, thickness 1.5mm.
3) vacuum diffusion welding, come out of the stove: to the vacuum welding stove evacuation, when vacuum greater than 5 * 10
-3During Pa, begin heating, the heating rate with 10 ℃/min is warming up to 650 ℃ earlier, rises to 700 ℃ with 2 ℃/min then, is incubated 60min, applies the axial compressive force of 10MPa before insulation; After reaching temperature retention time, begin cooling, removal pressure and cool off with stove.
Embodiment 3: titanium alloy (Ti-5Al-2.5Sn) is connected with copper alloy (brass),
A kind of method of utilizing niobium intermediate layer Diffusion Welding titanium alloy and copper alloy may further comprise the steps:
1) removing surface of workpiece before the welding: select the niobium powder as the intermediate layer that connects Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy and brass disk, the niobium intermediate layer is purity 99%, particle mean size 5 μ m, shop layer thickness 100 μ m, diameter 25mm; Weldment is Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy and the brass disk of diameter 25mm, the welding surface of Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy and brass disk is smooth with the processing of equipment such as surface grinding machine, grinder, and the abrasive paper for metallograph that is respectively 1000#, 1500# and 2000# with granularity polishes smooth step by step then; With deionized water Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy, brass disk are rinsed well then, and cleaned 10min with the acetone ultrasonic wave, standby.
2) weldment assembles, goes into stove: niobium intermediate layer (niobium powder) being placed between Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy and the brass disk, the brass disk is placed bottom, place the niobium intermediate layer then, is the Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy topmost; The whole workpiece that assembles is put into graphite jig, be positioned between graphite seaming chuck and the graphite push-down head, between graphite seaming chuck and titanium alloy sheet (Ti-5Al-2.5Sn alloy), place and go up solder mask, solder mask under placing between graphite push-down head and the alcu alloy film (brass disk); Then the weldment that assembles is put between vacuum brazing stove seaming chuck in the vacuum brazing stove and the vacuum brazing stove push-down head and applies the precompression compacting of 0.5MPa.Last solder mask, following solder mask are respectively the Graphite pads of diameter 25mm, thickness 1.5mm.
3) vacuum diffusion welding, come out of the stove: to the vacuum welding stove evacuation, when vacuum greater than 5 * 10
-3During Pa, begin heating, the heating rate with 10 ℃/min is warming up to 800 ℃ earlier, rises to 850 ℃ with 2 ℃/min then, is incubated 30min, applies the axial compressive force of 5MPa before insulation; After reaching temperature retention time, begin cooling, removal pressure and cool off with stove.
Embodiment 4: titanium alloy (Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al) is connected with copper alloy (copper-nickel alloy),
A kind of method of utilizing niobium intermediate layer Diffusion Welding titanium alloy and copper alloy may further comprise the steps:
1) removing surface of workpiece before the welding: select the niobium powder as the intermediate layer that connects Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al alloy and copper-nickel alloy circle, the niobium intermediate layer is purity 99%, particle mean size 20 μ m, shop layer thickness 50 μ m, diameter 25mm; Weldment is that diameter is Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al alloy and the copper-nickel alloy disk of 25mm, the welding surface of Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al alloy and copper-nickel alloy disk is smooth with the processing of equipment such as surface grinding machine, grinder, and the abrasive paper for metallograph that is respectively 1000#, 1500# and 2000# with granularity polishes smooth step by step then; With deionized water Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al alloy and copper-nickel alloy disk are rinsed well then, and cleaned 10min with the acetone ultrasonic wave, standby.
2) weldment assembles, goes into stove: niobium intermediate layer (niobium powder) being placed between Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al alloy and the copper-nickel alloy disk, the copper-nickel alloy disk is placed bottom, place the niobium intermediate layer then, is the Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al alloy topmost; The whole workpiece that assembles is put into graphite jig, be positioned between graphite seaming chuck and the graphite push-down head, between graphite seaming chuck and titanium alloy sheet (Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al alloy), place and go up solder mask, solder mask under placing between graphite push-down head and the alcu alloy film (copper-nickel alloy disk); Then the weldment that assembles is put between vacuum brazing stove seaming chuck in the vacuum brazing stove and the vacuum brazing stove push-down head and applies the precompression compacting of 2MPa.Last solder mask, following solder mask are respectively the Graphite pads of diameter 25mm, thickness 1.5mm.
3) vacuum diffusion welding, come out of the stove: to the vacuum welding stove evacuation, when vacuum greater than 5 * 10
-3During Pa, begin heating, the heating rate with 10 ℃/min is warming up to 650 ℃ earlier, rises to 700 ℃ with 2 ℃/min then, is incubated 60min, applies the axial compressive force of 10MPa before insulation; After reaching temperature retention time, begin cooling, removal pressure and cool off with stove.
Claims (5)
1. method of utilizing niobium intermediate layer Diffusion Welding titanium alloy and copper alloy is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
1) select niobium paper tinsel or niobium powder as the intermediate layer that connects titanium alloy sheet and alcu alloy film, the surface to be welded of cleaning titanium alloy sheet and alcu alloy film;
2) the niobium intermediate layer is placed between titanium alloy sheet and the alcu alloy film, integral body is put into graphite jig, then graphite jig is moved in the vacuum brazing stove, is positioned between the graphite seaming chuck and graphite push-down head in the stove, and applies the precompression compacting of 0.5～2MPa;
3) to the vacuum welding stove evacuation, when vacuum greater than 5 * 10
-3During Pa, begin heating, be incubated 30～60min after being warming up to 700～850 ℃, heating rate is 2～10 ℃/min, and applies the axial compressive force of 5～10MPa before insulation; After reaching temperature retention time, begin cooling, removal pressure and cool off with stove.
2. a kind of method of utilizing niobium intermediate layer Diffusion Welding titanium alloy and copper alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the thickness in described niobium intermediate layer is 50～100 μ m.
3. a kind of method of utilizing niobium intermediate layer Diffusion Welding titanium alloy and copper alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: purity 〉=99% of described niobium paper tinsel, niobium powder, the particle mean size of niobium powder are 5～20 μ m.
4. a kind of method of utilizing niobium intermediate layer Diffusion Welding titanium alloy and copper alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described titanium alloy disk is Ti-6A1-4V alloy, Ti-5A1-2.5Sn alloy or Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al alloy.
5. a kind of method of utilizing niobium intermediate layer Diffusion Welding titanium alloy and copper alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described copper alloy disk is oxygen-free copper, bronze, brass or copper-nickel alloy.
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| CN114101888A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-01 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Zirconium alloy low-temperature diffusion bonding method |
| CN114260534A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-01 | 合肥聚能电物理高技术开发有限公司 | Vacuum brazing method for connecting Ti-6Al-4V and CuZrCr |
| CN115106639A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-27 | 西安理工大学 | Method for connecting multi-bronze/two-phase titanium alloy bimetal |
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