CN101248821A - Process engineering for extracting fishes processing offal fish oil by enzymolysis process - Google Patents
Process engineering for extracting fishes processing offal fish oil by enzymolysis process Download PDFInfo
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- CN101248821A CN101248821A CNA2007100316269A CN200710031626A CN101248821A CN 101248821 A CN101248821 A CN 101248821A CN A2007100316269 A CNA2007100316269 A CN A2007100316269A CN 200710031626 A CN200710031626 A CN 200710031626A CN 101248821 A CN101248821 A CN 101248821A
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Abstract
A process technology using enzymolysis method to extract leftover fish oil from fish processing comprises the following steps: preliminary treatment, in which the leftovers from the fish processing are cleaned and minced; protease hydrolysis, in which neutral protease and papain are hydrolyzed simultaneously; oil-water separation, in which hydrolysate is centrifugally filtered to remove residues, and filtrate undergoes oil-water separation via a centrifuge, thereby obtaining the fish oil and hydrolyzed protein; and fish oil refinement, in which refined fish oil can be obtained after the fish oil is degummed, depickled, decolored and deodorized. The leftovers from the fish processing can be hydrolyzed with the proteases to destroy the associative relation of protein and fat, thereby releasing axunge which undergoes oil-water separation by the tubular centrifuge to obtain the fish oil with high quality, and meanwhile, the protein therein can be fully utilized to produce hydrolyzed protein, so as to change wastes into valuables and synthetically and efficiently utilize the resources of the fish and the processing leftovers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the biotechnology applications and stock of fish comprehensive utilization field, particularly a kind of enzymatic isolation method extracts the technology of fish processing fent fish oil.
Background technology
In fish are processed particularly the fillet process, can produce a large amount of leftover bits and pieces, the tuna of the title of " ocean gold " is arranged, processing is mainly based on raw fish and can, and the leftover bits and pieces that processing produces accounts for 50%～70% of gross weight greatly; China is that Tilapia mossambica is cultured big country, accounts for 69% of world's Tilapia mossambica output in 2005, and freezing Tilapia Fillet is the major product of China outlet Tilapia mossambica, and 1 ton of Tilapia Fillet of every processing approximately will produce 2 tons leftover bits and pieces.The fish processing fent comprises fish head, internal organ, steck, the gill etc., contains amounts of protein in these leftover bits and pieces, and fatty and multiple bioactivator is the resource that is worth development and use.At present; the for want of effective processing method of exhausted most fish processing fent is sold or is thrown away at periphery with the feed of cheapness; this has not only caused the serious environmental pollution; and caused the huge waste of resource; the deep development leftover bits and pieces is produced high value added product, and is all significant for comprehensive utilization and the protection environment of fish.
Grease is one of important composition composition of fish, and the scope of application of fish oil is comparatively extensive, as health food, medicine, feed industry etc.At western developed country, fish oil is widely used in the food such as bread, ice cream, milk, baby milk, sour milk as a kind of food additives.Countries in the world government all takes much count of the food development that is rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), DHA (DHA).Clinical testing shows, be rich in the fish oil of multiple unrighted acids such as EPA and DHA, not only have hypotensive, eliminate tired, prevention of arterial is atherosis and the effect of malignant diseases such as cerebral thrombus, pre-anti-cancer, and can promote baby's intelligence development significantly, improve cerebral function, improving memory, is the good base-material of making angiocardiopathy preventing and baby's intelligence-improving food.People have accepted this product of health-care fish oil basically at present, the PR of domestic fish oil is less, in recent years about 30,000 tons, except that being used for chemical industry and animal husbandry in a large number, the raw material fish oil that present fish oil health products industry is utilized is less than 5%, and the annual sales amount of domestic fish oil health products is about about 3,700,000,000 yuan, and the foreign brand name product accounts for 3,000,000,000 yuan.Because the fish oil quality of domestic production can not satisfy a large amount of decay of the primary raw material enormous legendary fish, which could change into a roc fish resource of the demand of health products raw material and domestic production fish oil, the import volume of fish oil obviously rose in recent years.
Fish oil is a pith of leftover bits and pieces comprehensive utilization, the method of producing fish oil at present has milling process, light alkali hydrolysis method, solvent method, water law etc., enzymatic isolation method is a kind of new trial, be to utilize protease that the hydrolysis of protein is destroyed the marriage relation of protein and fat, thereby discharge grease.This method action condition gentleness, produce oil quality height can make full use of the fish albumen hydrolysis solution that protease hydrolytic produces simultaneously, thereby is the better method of extracting fish oil in the aquatic products processing leftover bits and pieces.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the technology that a kind of enzymatic isolation method extracts fish processing fent fish oil, with protease hydrolytic fish processing fent, destroy the marriage relation of protein and fat, thereby discharge grease, obtain high-quality fish oil through tube centrifuge water-oil separating.Can make full use of simultaneously protein production protein hydrolysate wherein, reach the purpose that turns waste into wealth, comprehensively, efficiently utilizes fish and processing fent resource.
The technical solution used in the present invention is for achieving the above object: enzymatic isolation method extracts the technology of fish processing fent fish oil, step by the following method:
(1) pre-treatment: the fish processing fent blends after cleaning;
(2) protease hydrolytic:
Adopt the hydrolysis simultaneously of the two enzymes of neutral proteinase and papain, meat and water are 1: 1.5～1: 2 by weight, pH6.8～7.0,50～55 ℃ of temperature, hydrolysis time 2.5～3 hours, neutral proteinase 1400IU/g raw material, papain 1100IU/g raw material is warming up to 85～90 ℃ of enzymes 10 minutes of going out after the hydrolysis;
(3) water-oil separating: hydrolyzate removes slag through centrifugal filtration, and filtrate is carried out water-oil separating through centrifuge, obtains fish oil and protein hydrolysate;
(4) pyloric fat acid: step (3) gained fish oil is through coming unstuck, obtaining refined fish oil after depickling, decolouring and the deodorization.
Coming unstuck of described fish oil is the phosphoric acid degumming that adds the concentration 8 0% of oil mass 1% in fish oil; Described depickling is the NaOH depickling that adds the concentration 30% of oil mass 2% in fish oil; Described decolouring is the activated decoloration that adds oil mass 10% in fish oil; Described deodorization is to carry out decompression distillation 15 minutes under the condition of 85 ℃ of temperature.
It is 25%～30% that the protein hydrolysate that described step (3) obtains is concentrated into solid content through vacuum, carries out spray-drying, obtains the protein hydrolysate powder, and protein content is 80～88%.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention takes processing approach along separate routes to the fish processing fent, has realized making full use of of protein and fatty two aspects, and is significant for processing of aquatic products comprehensive utilization and protection environment;
2, craft science of the present invention is reasonable, utilizes biological enzyme to be hydrolyzed, the course of reaction gentleness, be easy to control, fish oil recovery rate height, fish oil quality is good, has improved utilization ratio of raw materials;
3, the fish oil of the present invention's preparation also can further be treated as and be rich in DHA (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) health-care fish oil, can be developed into to have and prevent and functional products such as treatment angiocardiopathy, brain tonic and intelligence development, have vast market prospect.
4, to separate albumen be the product that natural fish albumen obtains through bio-enzyme degradation to the fish and water that obtains of the present invention; be rich in the amino acid, the small peptide that are easy to absorb, have certain health care functions; contain multiple nutrients health-care components such as taurine, vitamin and mineral matter simultaneously; can powdery, variforms such as liquid and pasty state exist; can be widely used as nutraceutical, seafood condiment, dilated food etc., also can be used as patient's foodstuff.
5, the fish-bone drying that obtains of technology of the present invention is pulverized and can be prepared the ultra micro fishbone dust.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described further in conjunction with the implementing process example:
1, after tunny head thaws and cleans, in the basin of strap clamp layer,, kindred is separated through 80-90 ℃ of poach 10-15 minute.Manually edible parts such as meat are separated with bone, rub through meat grinder, in the reactor of belt stirrer according to following condition enzymolysis: 50 ℃ of temperature, the weight ratio of meat and water is 1: 2, pH6.8, neutral proteinase 1400IU/g raw material, papain 1100IU/g raw material adds 2 kinds of enzymes simultaneously, hydrolysis 2.5 hours, after hydrolysis finishes, be warming up to the 85-90 ℃ of enzyme 10 minutes of going out, hydrolyzate is after link-suspended basket centrifuge filters, and filtrate is carried out water-oil separating by tube centrifuge, oil phase adds the phosphoric acid degumming of the concentration 80% of oil mass 1%, the NaOH depickling that adds the concentration 30% of oil mass 2%, the activated decoloration of adding oil mass 10%, 85 ℃ of decompression distillation deodorizations of temperature 15 minutes, obtain refined fish oil, DHA and EPA content are respectively 25.10% and 4.45%; It is about 25% that water is concentrated into solid content through vacuum, carries out spray-drying again, obtains tuna protein hydrolysate powder, protein content 88%.Wherein neutral proteinase is the bacillus subtilis neutral proteinase.
2, leftovers of tilapia blends through meat mincer, in the reactor of belt stirrer according to following condition enzymolysis: 50 ℃ of temperature, the weight ratio of meat and water are 1: 1.5, pH6.8, neutral proteinase 1400IU/g raw material, papain 1100IU/g raw material adds 2 kinds of enzymes simultaneously, hydrolysis 3 hours, after hydrolysis finishes, be warming up to the 85-90 ℃ of enzyme 10 minutes of going out, hydrolyzate is after link-suspended basket centrifuge filters, filtrate is carried out water-oil separating by tube centrifuge, obtains tilapia oil and liquid fish respectively.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of enzymatic isolation method extracts the technology of fish processing fent fish oil, step by the following method:
(1) pre-treatment: the fish processing fent blends after cleaning;
(2) protease hydrolytic:
Adopt the hydrolysis simultaneously of the two enzymes of neutral proteinase and the sub-protease of pawpaw, meat and water are 1: 1.5～1: 2 by weight, pH6.8～7.0,50～55 ℃ of temperature, hydrolysis time 2.5～3 hours, neutral proteinase 1400IU/g raw material, papain 1100IU/g raw material is warming up to 85～90 ℃ of enzymes 10 minutes of going out after the hydrolysis;
(3) water-oil separating: hydrolyzate removes slag through centrifugal filtration, and filtrate is carried out water-oil separating through centrifuge, obtains fish oil and protein hydrolysate;
(4) pyloric fat acid: step (3) gained fish oil is through coming unstuck, obtaining refined fish oil after depickling, decolouring and the deodorization.
2, extract the technology of fish processing fent fish oil according to the described enzymatic isolation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that coming unstuck of described fish oil is the phosphoric acid degumming that adds the concentration 80% of oil mass 1% in fish oil; Described depickling is the NaOH depickling that adds the concentration 30% of oil mass 2% in fish oil; Described decolouring is the activated decoloration that adds oil mass 10% in fish oil; Described deodorization is to carry out decompression distillation 15 minutes under the condition of 85 ℃ of temperature.
3, extract the technology of fish processing fent fish oil according to the described enzymatic isolation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that it is 25%～30% that protein hydrolysate that described step (3) obtains is concentrated into solid content through vacuum, carry out spray-drying, obtain the protein hydrolysate powder, protein content is 80～88%.
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| CNA2007100316269A CN101248821A (en) | 2007-11-19 | 2007-11-19 | Process engineering for extracting fishes processing offal fish oil by enzymolysis process |
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| CNA2007100316269A CN101248821A (en) | 2007-11-19 | 2007-11-19 | Process engineering for extracting fishes processing offal fish oil by enzymolysis process |
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Cited By (30)
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| CN101940240A (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2011-01-12 | 大连工业大学 | Method for preparing fish oil ethyl ester microcapsule from fish pomace |
| CN102212597A (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-10-12 | 李世泰 | Method for producing collagen polypeptide, natural pigment and fish oil by using fish skin and fish scale |
| CN102260585A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2011-11-30 | 泰祥集团技术开发有限公司 | Method for extracting fish oil from squid viscera by using animal proteolytic enzyme |
| CN102284197A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2011-12-21 | 泰祥集团技术开发有限公司 | Method for demulsifying delicious tuna juice |
| CN102839047A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2012-12-26 | 连云港职业技术学院 | Method for extracting fish oil and producing taurine seafood condiments by using hairtail and leftovers of hairtail |
| CN102888274A (en) * | 2012-10-04 | 2013-01-23 | 宁波兰洋水产食品有限公司 | Method for extracting crude fish oil from hairtail silvery fat |
| CN102925279A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2013-02-13 | 湖北金鲤鱼食品有限公司 | Technology of extracting and refining fish oil from internal organs of silver carps |
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| CN104745301A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-01 | 海南省粮油科学研究所 | Method for improving quality of tilapia mossambica oil |
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Open date: 20080827 |