CN101219589B - Stainless steel base self-lubricating composite material and production method - Google Patents
Stainless steel base self-lubricating composite material and production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101219589B CN101219589B CN2007101574588A CN200710157458A CN101219589B CN 101219589 B CN101219589 B CN 101219589B CN 2007101574588 A CN2007101574588 A CN 2007101574588A CN 200710157458 A CN200710157458 A CN 200710157458A CN 101219589 B CN101219589 B CN 101219589B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stainless-steel-based self-lubrication composite material which comprises a stainless steel substrate (1), a middle transitional layer (2), a bronze powder layer (3) and a white lubrication layer (4). The middle transitional layer (2) is an iron plating layer with a thickness of 0.1-0.2mm and grain size of 40-50nm. The invention is improved on the basis of the prior art (non-etching iron plating method), which uses a plating procedure and a plating parameter different from the prior art to form the iron plating alloy on the stainless substrate surface. The invention uses a form of iron-based and iron-based alloy iron metal bond binding to electro-deposit on the stainless steel substrate surface, which not only ensures firm binding with the stainless steel substrate, but also ensures compact binding with the bronze powder layer by sintering and meets using requirements of self-lubrication material in a high-load condition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stainless steel-based composite material manufacturing technology, especially a kind of low cost of manufacture, environmental pollution is little, production efficiency is high stainless steel base self-lubricating composite material and manufacture method.
Background technology:
At present, in high temperature, top load and aqueous medium working environments such as (hydrogenerators), normal working strength height, corrosion-resistant, stainless steel base self-lubricating composite material that self-lubricating effect is good are as axle sleeve, bearing shell etc.The basic structure of stainless steel base self-lubricating composite material is to be disposed with stainless steel base, intermediate layer, copper alloy bisque and self-lubricating layer, and self-lubricating layer has plastic layer again or is added with two kinds of the copper alloy bisques of solid lubricants such as graphite.Because of stainless steel base intensity height, good corrosion resistance, copper alloy powder has corrosion resistance, antifriction quality and high thermal conductivity coefficient etc. preferably again, so stainless steel base, copper alloy bisque all are irreplaceable in stainless steel base self-lubricating composite material, yet, existing production method can not directly combine both, can only realize by intermediate layer, be about to copper alloy bisque sintering on intermediate layer.
Though iron wide material sources, cheap, the patent of invention that China Patent No. ZL94112590.4, name are called " a kind of non-corrosion iron alloy method " also discloses the method that forms the plating iron layer in its metal surface.It is to adopt electrochemical method, be deposited on (metallic bond combination) on the various steel material surfaces with iron-based and ferrous alloy ion-conductance, to form high strength, tempering layer or iron alloy layer that residual stress is little, metallographic is shown as the column microstructure, and crystallite dimension is 15～30nm.But, by disclosed plating program, the formed plating iron alloy-layer of plating parameter, can only satisfy the wearing and tearing reparation of part etc., can not satisfy the instructions for use of stainless steel base self-lubricating composite material.Therefore, up to now, existing stainless steel base self-lubricating composite material all is to adopt expensive copper as intermediate layer, and adopts two kinds of process manufacturings: a kind of is at stainless steel-based surface cyanide electroplating copper alloy; Another kind is at the compound layer of copper alloy of stainless steel base surface explosion.The shortcoming of first kind of process is high pollution, manufacturing cost height, poor bonding strength; The shortcoming of second kind of process also is that manufacturing cost is very high, product quality is difficult to guarantee, main shortcoming is can't realize producing in batches.
Summary of the invention:
Technical problem such as the present invention is that existing in prior technology is seriously polluted, production cost is high in order to have solved, poor reliability, efficient are low; A kind of low pollution (meeting national requirements for environmental protection), low cost of manufacture, reliable in quality, stainless steel base self-lubricating composite material and manufacture method that production efficiency is high are provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of stainless steel base self-lubricating composite material, the stainless steel base 1 that sets gradually is arranged, intermediate layer 2, copper alloy bisque 3 and self-lubricating layer 4, described intermediate layer 2 is plating iron layers, its thickness is 0.1～0.2mm, and crystallite dimension is 40～50nm.
A kind of manufacture method of stainless steel base self-lubricating composite material, step is as follows:
A. the processing stainless steel matrix 1;
B. remove stainless steel base 1 surface and oil contaminant and oxide;
C. to the non-plating position insulation of stainless steel base 1,, form transition plating iron layer 2 with the plating of non-corrosion iron alloy electroplating bath;
Non-corrosion iron alloy electroplating bath prescription is as follows: FeCl
3200g/l, HCl13～17g/l, MnCl
210～15g/l, NiCl
220～25g/l, CoCl
210～15g/l, NaCl10～15g/l;
The plating program:
Symmetrical alternating current activation → interchange plating → interchange transition plating → dc plating;
The plating parameter:
Contrast exchanges activation: V
Just: V
Negative=4～4.5V: 4～4.5V T
Live=50～70 seconds;
Exchange plating: V
Just: V
Negative=5～5.5V: 4～4.5V T
Rise=500～700 seconds;
Interchange transition plating: V
Just: V
Negative=5～5.5V: 1～1.5V T
Hand over=500～700 seconds;
Dc plating: V
Just=7～7.3V T
Directly=3590～3610 seconds;
D. after plating finishes, the stainless steel base 1 that is coated with transition plating iron layer 2 is taken out from coating bath, clean coating surface until cleaning;
E. use the hydrogen shield high temperature sintering furnace, under 800～820 ℃ of conditions, sintered copper alloy powder on transition plating iron layer 2 forms copper alloy bisque 3;
F. composite self-lubricating layer 4 on copper alloy bisque 3.
The plating parameters optimal scheme of described c step is:
Contrast exchanges activation: V
Just: V
Negative=4V: 4V T
Live=60 seconds;
Exchange plating: V
Just: V
Negative=5V: 4V T
Rise=600 seconds;
Interchange transition plating: V
Just: V
Negative=5V: 1V T
Hand over=600 seconds;
Dc plating: V
Just=7V T
Directly=3600 seconds.
The present invention improves on the basis of prior art (non-corrosion iron alloy method), with plating program unlike the prior art, the plating parameter, forming a layer thickness in stainless steel-based surface is 0.1～0.2mm, crystallite dimension is the plating iron alloy-layer of 40～50nm (be metal smelting 1%), the form electro-deposition of still closing with iron-based and ferrous alloy ionic metal bond is not on stainless steel-based surface, combine firmly with stainless steel base, but also can combine closely by sintering and copper alloy bisque, satisfied the instructions for use of self-lubricating material under high-load condition; Cyanide electroplating copper alloy existing high pollution, expensive problem have been solved; Compare with stainless steel-based blast complex copper alloying technology, technology of the present invention is simple, and manufacturing cost reduces by 70%, can realize producing in batches and constant product quality.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with description of drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Operation as follows:
A. the processing stainless steel matrix 1;
B. remove stainless steel base 1 surface and oil contaminant and oxide;
C. be called the non-plating position insulation of the open method of patent of invention of " a kind of non-corrosion iron alloy method " according to China Patent No. ZL94112590.4, name substantially to stainless steel base 1, with the plating of non-corrosion iron alloy electroplating bath, non-corrosion iron alloy electroplating bath prescription is as follows: FeCl
3200g/l, HCl13～17g/l, MnCl
210～15g/l, NiCl
220～25g/l, CoCl
210～15g/l, NaCl10～15g/l;
The plating program:
Symmetrical alternating current activation → interchange plating → interchange transition plating → dc plating;
The plating parameter:
Contrast exchanges activation: V
Just: V
Negative=4～4.5V: 4～4.5V T
Live=50～70 seconds;
Exchange plating: V
Just: V
Negative=5～5.5V: 4～4.5V T
Rise=500～700 seconds;
Interchange transition plating: V
Just: V
Negative=5～5.5V: 1～1.5V T
Hand over=500～700 seconds;
Dc plating: V
Just=7～7.3V T
Directly=3590～3610 seconds;
Adjust the plating parameter in above-mentioned scope, forming thickness at stainless steel base 1 is 0.1～0.2mm, grain ultrafining, is of a size of the transition plating iron layer 2 of 40～50nm (be metal smelting 1%);
D. after plating finishes, the stainless steel base 1 that is coated with transition plating iron layer 2 is taken out from coating bath, clean coating surface till cleaning;
E. use the hydrogen shield high temperature sintering furnace, under 800～820 ℃ of conditions,, form copper alloy bisque 3 by method sintered copper alloy powder on transition plating iron layer 2 of prior art;
F. composite self-lubricating layer 4 on copper alloy bisque 3.
Formed product is to set gradually stainless steel base 1, intermediate layer 2, copper alloy bisque 3 and self-lubricating layer 4, and described intermediate layer 2 is plating iron layers, and its thickness is 0.1～0.2mm, and crystallite dimension is 40～50nm, is 1% of metal smelting.
Embodiment 2:
Other are all identical with embodiment 1, and the plating parameters optimal scheme that is described c step is:
Contrast exchanges activation: V
Just: V
Negative=4V: 4V T
Live=60 seconds;
Exchange plating: V
Just: V
Negative=5V: 4V T
Rise=600 seconds;
Interchange transition plating: V
Just: V
Negative=5V: 1V T
Hand over=600 seconds;
Dc plating: V
Just=7V T
Directly=3600 seconds.
Described intermediate layer 2 is plating iron layers, and its thickness is 0.15mm, and crystallite dimension is 40～45nm.
Claims (3)
1. stainless steel base self-lubricating composite material, the stainless steel base (1) that sets gradually is arranged, intermediate layer (2), copper alloy bisque (3) and self-lubricating layer (4), it is characterized in that: described intermediate layer (2) is the plating iron layer, its thickness is 0.1～0.2mm, and crystallite dimension is 40～50nm.
2. the manufacture method of a stainless steel base self-lubricating composite material, step is as follows:
A. processing stainless steel matrix (1);
B. remove stainless steel base (1) surface and oil contaminant and oxide;
C. to the non-plating position insulation of stainless steel base (1),, form transition plating iron layer (2) with the plating of non-corrosion iron alloy electroplating bath;
Non-corrosion iron alloy electroplating bath prescription is as follows: FeCl
3200g/l, HCl 13～17g/l, MnCl
210～15g/l, NiCl
220～25g/l, CoCl
210～15g/l, NaCl 10～15g/l;
The plating program:
Symmetrical alternating current activation → interchange plating → interchange transition plating → dc plating;
The plating parameter:
Symmetrical alternating current activation: V
Just: V
Negative=4～4.5V: 4～4.5V T
Live=50～70 seconds;
Exchange plating: V
Just: V
Negative=5～5.5V: 4～4.5V T
Rise=500～700 seconds;
Interchange transition plating: V
Just: V
Negative=5～5.5V: 1～1.5V T
Hand over=500～700 seconds;
Dc plating: V
Just=7～7.3V T
Directly=3590～3610 seconds;
D. after plating finished, the stainless steel base (1) that will be coated with transition plating iron layer (2) took out from coating bath, cleaned coating surface until cleaning;
E. use the hydrogen shield high temperature sintering furnace, under 800～820 ℃ of conditions, go up the sintered copper alloy powder, form copper alloy bisque (3) at transition plating iron layer (2);
F. go up compound or sintered self-lubricated layer (4) at copper alloy bisque (3).
3. the manufacture method of stainless steel base self-lubricating composite material according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the plating parameter of described c step is:
Symmetrical alternating current activation: V
Just: V
Negative=4V: 4V T
Live=60 seconds;
Exchange plating: V
Just: V
Negative=5V: 4V T
Rise=600 seconds;
Interchange transition plating: V
Just: V
Negative=5V: 1V T
Hand over=600 seconds;
Dc plating: V
Just=7V T
Directly=3600 seconds.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101574588A CN101219589B (en) | 2007-10-16 | 2007-10-16 | Stainless steel base self-lubricating composite material and production method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101574588A CN101219589B (en) | 2007-10-16 | 2007-10-16 | Stainless steel base self-lubricating composite material and production method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101219589A CN101219589A (en) | 2008-07-16 |
| CN101219589B true CN101219589B (en) | 2011-12-21 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102896829A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-30 | 顾建 | Self-lubricating copper alloy powder compound material |
| CN105568335B (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2019-06-28 | 江门职业技术学院 | A kind of technique that steel substrate surface prepares FeNiCoCuCr high entropy alloy coating |
| CN111850625B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-07-27 | 暨南大学 | Electroplating liquid for direct electrodeposition of iron on magnesium alloy surface and electroplating process thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2223280A (en) * | 1988-09-14 | 1990-04-04 | Daido Metal Co | Sliding bearing material |
| US5424138A (en) * | 1993-01-19 | 1995-06-13 | Daido Metal Co., Ltd. | Copper-alloy slide bearing for low-rigidity housing and method for producing same |
| US5482782A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1996-01-09 | Daido Metal Company Ltd. | Sliding-contact material excellent in corrosion resistance and wear resistance, and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN1912410A (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2007-02-14 | 大连三环复合材料技术开发有限公司 | High temp resistance self-lubricating bearing and manufacturing method |
-
2007
- 2007-10-16 CN CN2007101574588A patent/CN101219589B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2223280A (en) * | 1988-09-14 | 1990-04-04 | Daido Metal Co | Sliding bearing material |
| US5424138A (en) * | 1993-01-19 | 1995-06-13 | Daido Metal Co., Ltd. | Copper-alloy slide bearing for low-rigidity housing and method for producing same |
| US5482782A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1996-01-09 | Daido Metal Company Ltd. | Sliding-contact material excellent in corrosion resistance and wear resistance, and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN1912410A (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2007-02-14 | 大连三环复合材料技术开发有限公司 | High temp resistance self-lubricating bearing and manufacturing method |
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|---|---|
| CN101219589A (en) | 2008-07-16 |
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Address after: Jinzhou Xingmin friendship Street District of Dalian City, Liaoning province 116100 No. 396 Patentee after: Dalian Sanhuan Composite Material Technology Development Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Dong''s Iron Plating Co., Ltd., Daliann Maritime University Address before: Jinzhou Xingmin friendship Street District of Dalian City, Liaoning province 116100 No. 396 Patentee before: Dalian Sanhuan Composite Material Technology Development Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Dong''s Iron Plating Co., Ltd., Daliann Maritime University |
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Address after: 116200 Dalian Sanhuan composite material technology development Limited by Share Ltd, thirty Lingang New Industrial Zone, Pu Wan New District, Liaoning, Dalian Patentee after: Dalian Sanhuan Composite Material Technology Development Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Dong''s Iron Plating Co., Ltd., Daliann Maritime University Address before: Jinzhou Xingmin friendship Street District of Dalian City, Liaoning province 116100 No. 396 Patentee before: Dalian Sanhuan Composite Material Technology Development Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Dong''s Iron Plating Co., Ltd., Daliann Maritime University |