CN101180982B - Dual fresh-keeping hoarding method of apple - Google Patents
Dual fresh-keeping hoarding method of apple Download PDFInfo
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- CN101180982B CN101180982B CN2007100191013A CN200710019101A CN101180982B CN 101180982 B CN101180982 B CN 101180982B CN 2007100191013 A CN2007100191013 A CN 2007100191013A CN 200710019101 A CN200710019101 A CN 200710019101A CN 101180982 B CN101180982 B CN 101180982B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double preservation and storage method of apples. The method is implemented according to the following steps that: the collected apples are cleaned; the edible preservative solution is prepared according to a weight portion of 1:5 to 1: 12 of the edible preservative and water, and the cleaned apple are soaked in the edible preservative solution, then the apple surface is dried by air; a cold storage agent coating is evenly coated at the inner surface of a regular carton; a selective transparent film is stick at the inner surface of the canton; the soaked apples are arranged in the carton, packages which are respectively filled with oxygen absorbefacient, carbon dioxide absorbefacient, ethylene absorbefacient and moisture absorbefacient are tiled at the upper surface of a top cardboard cushion coat in the carton; then the carton is sealed. By adopting the method of the invention, the apple preservation quality can be obviously improved, and the preservation period of the apple can be prolonged to five months; the method of the invention has advantages of convenient storage and delivery, low cost, high economic efficiency, and energy conservation, etc.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fruit fresh-keeping packing technique field, relate to a kind of fresh-keeping and preserving method of the apple under natural environmental condition, be specifically related to a kind of dual fresh-keeping hoarding method of apple.
Background technology
How effectively to improve the fresh-retaining preserving effect of apple, prolong the shelf-life of apple significantly, fresh apple after October is then gathered can fresh-retaining preserving up to the March (the fresh-retaining preserving time limit reaches five months) in 1 year, with the orchard worker that adapts to high quality apple Production Regional (as Shaanxi Baishui County, Luochuan County), enterprise, consumer's different demands, be a guardian technique in the modern fresh-retaining preserving technical field of apple.
In Integrated Logistics chains such as the packing of apple, storage, transportation, sale, plastic sheeting freshness protection package, ordinary packing carton are simple because of production technology, cost is low, they also are widely used in the apple fresh-keeping storage, but be to use the method for plastic sheeting freshness protection package and ordinary packing carton, the fresh-retaining preserving time limit is short, fresh-keeping effect is also very general, causes the disease of apple to take place easily, also is not suitable in the modern logistics transportation packing protection to apple.And if long-time fresh-retaining preserving, these two kinds of technology all need be by freezer or air-conditioned cold store, with the storage quality that improves apple, extend the shelf life.But the fresh-retaining preserving effect of freezer preservative, air-conditioned cold store preservative is better, but needs sufficient electric energy to supply with, and cost of equipment is big, power consumption is high, cost is higher, and can not solve the fresh-keeping problem of apple in the logistics transportation.
Summary of the invention
The dual fresh-keeping hoarding method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of apple solves the problem of short, fresh-keeping effect difference of the fresh-retaining preserving time limit of apple under non-freezer, non-air-conditioned cold store condition after gathering.
Technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of dual fresh-keeping hoarding method of apple, and this method is implemented according to following steps,
Step 1, the fresh apple after will gathering are cleaned comprehensively,
Step 2, be 1: 5～1: 12 proportioning according to the weight of edible fresh-keeping agent and water, preparation edible fresh-keeping agent solution, the apple that step 1 was cleaned is immersed in the edible fresh-keeping agent solution, keeps 3～5 minutes, dries apple surface then,
Step 3, evenly be coated with agent for storage of coldness colloid coating layer, and dry coating layer at the carton inner surface,
Step 4, paste the selective permeation film at the carton inner surface of step 3 gained,
Step 5, place bottom cardboard bed course in the carton interior of step 4 gained, place the cardboard spacer at bottom cardboard bed course upper surface, the apple of step 2 gained is placed in the cardboard spacer, on the cardboard spacer, place top cardboard bed course, the packaging bag of oxygen absorber, carbon-dioxide absorbent, ethylene absorbent, moisture absorber being housed in the top even tiling of cardboard bed course upper surface respectively
Step 6, to the carton involution.
Shitosan or soap are selected in the edible fresh-keeping agent for use.
The selective permeation film is selected polyethylene or polyvinylidene chloride film for use, and film thickness is 30～80 microns.
Oxygen absorber is selected organic deoxidant or iron series deoxidizers for use, and its use amount is 1.6～2.1 gram/every kilogram of apples.
Carbon-dioxide absorbent is selected soda lime or silica for use, and its use amount is 3.8～4.9 gram/every kilogram of apples.
Ethylene absorbent is selected travertine or artificial zeolite micropowder for use, and its use amount is 3.7～4.6 gram/every kilogram of apples.
Moisture absorber is selected molecular sieve or silica gel for use, and its use amount is 1.8～2.5 gram/every kilogram of apples.
Coating layer is the agent for storage of coldness colloid layer, and agent for storage of coldness is selected dry ice or supra polymer Sodium Polyacrylate colloid for use.
The dry ice use amount is 3.1～3.6 gram/every kilogram of apples.
In the supra polymer Sodium Polyacrylate colloid, the proportioning of the volume of supra polymer Sodium Polyacrylate and water is 1: 30～1: 40.
The fresh-retaining preserving phase of preservation method of the present invention can reach five months, basic identical with the mouthfeel of the back apple of gathering, glossiness is good, pollution-free, nonhazardous, meet the health edible demand fully, convenient storing, cost are low, high efficiency, energy savings, solved apple fresh-retaining preserving time limit under non-freezer, non-air-conditioned cold store condition after gathering short, fresh-keeping effect is poor, is difficult to guarantee the problem of original quality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the employed natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box of the inventive method;
Fig. 2 is the operating procedure schematic diagram of the inventive method.
Among the figure, 1, common paper casing, 2, coating layer, 3, the selective permeation film, 4, oxygen absorber, 5, carbon-dioxide absorbent, 6, ethylene absorbent, 7, moisture absorber, 8, top cardboard bed course, 9, the apple after edible fresh-keeping agent solution of the present invention is handled, 10, the cardboard spacer, 11, bottom cardboard bed course.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
The natural gas adjusting cardboard box dual fresh-keeping hoarding method is general breathing feature, physiological disturbance mechanism and the natural gas adjusting packing principle according to apple itself, be used in combination apple fresh-keeping treatment technology and natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box technology, overcome poor, the shortcoming such as storage tolerance not of independent use apple fresh-keeping treatment technology fresh-keeping effect, improved the fresh-retaining preserving phase and the apple fresh-keeping quality of independent use natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box technology effectively.
At first, before apple is packed carton into, apple self is implemented the Preservation Treatment technology, improve the ability that apple is resisted disease and pest and microorganism encroach.In operating process, should notice that apple can not damage the apple epidermis.
Secondly, the apple after the Preservation Treatment is packed into after the natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box, apple just obtains the protection of the dual fresh-keeping hoarding method of natural gas adjusting cardboard box and edible fresh-keeping agent.On the one hand, the edible fresh-keeping agent solution has antibiotic, antisepsis, regulates the pore of apple epidermis, prevents the microbial attack apple, suppresses the respiration of apple, reduces the moisture loss in the apple.On the other hand, the natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box is regulated oxygen, carbon dioxide, temperature, the moisture content in the packing case, forms the apple fresh-keeping storage environment of low oxygen, high carbon dioxide, the release of gases such as ethene suppressing, acetaldehyde and microbial growth breeding.Dual fresh-keeping technology by this natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box and edible fresh-keeping agent solution, the fresh-retaining preserving phase of apple is extended to five months, the purpose of the non-freezer that the apple after having realized gathering (straddled over year), the fresh-retaining preserving of non-air-conditioned cold store in five months.
As shown in Figure 1, the natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box structural representation for using in the inventive method.Be provided with top cardboard bed course 8, bottom cardboard bed course 11 and cardboard spacer 10 equally in natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box inside, in cardboard spacer 10, put the apple 9 after edible fresh-keeping agent solution of the present invention is handled successively.Different is the coating layer 2 that scribbles one deck agent for storage of coldness colloid at common paper casing 1 inner surface, inner surface at coating layer 2 also is pasted with one deck selective permeation film 3, puts the packaging bag that oxygen absorber 4, carbon-dioxide absorbent 5, ethylene absorbent 6, moisture absorber 7 are housed in the even tiling of the upper surface of top cardboard bed course 8.
Shitosan or soap are selected in the edible fresh-keeping agent for use, and its solution ratio should be controlled in 1: 5～1: 12 scope.The edible fresh-keeping agent solution has antibiotic, antisepsis, can regulate the pore of apple epidermis, prevents the microbial attack apple, suppresses the respiration of apple, reduces the moisture loss in the apple.
The agent for storage of coldness of coating layer 2 is selected dry ice or supra polymer Sodium Polyacrylate colloid for use, and the dry ice use amount should be controlled at 3.1～3.6 gram/every kilogram of apples, and the proportioning of supra polymer Sodium Polyacrylate and water should be controlled in 1: 30～1: 40 scope.The main effect of agent for storage of coldness is to absorb apple because of endogenous heat and outside heat that respiration produced.
Selective permeation film 3 is selected low-density polyethylene film or polyvinylidene chloride film for use, and film thickness should be controlled at 30～80 microns.The main effect of selective permeation film is to regulate the inside and outside oxygen of natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box, carbon dioxide exchange and infiltration, forms the gaseous environment of low oxygen, high carbon dioxide in packing case.
Oxygen absorber 4 is selected organic deoxidant or iron series deoxidizers for use, and its use amount should be controlled at 1.6～2.1 gram/every kilogram of apples.The main effect of oxygen absorber is to absorb apple because of the unnecessary oxygen that respiration produced, and regulates oxygen gas concentration or content in the natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box.
Carbon-dioxide absorbent 5 is selected soda lime or silica for use, and its use amount should be controlled at 3.8～4.9 gram/every kilogram of apples.The main effect of carbon-dioxide absorbent is to absorb apple because of the excess carbon dioxide that respiration produced, and regulates density of carbon dioxide gas or content in the natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box.
Ethylene absorbent 6 is selected travertine or artificial zeolite micropowder for use, and its use amount should be controlled at 3.7～4.6 gram/every kilogram of apples.The main effect of ethylene absorbent is to absorb apple because of the ethene that respiration produced, and suppresses the respiratory rate and the aging of fresh apple, reduces the contained organic matter fundamental change of apple.
Moisture absorber 7 is selected molecular sieve or silica gel for use, and its use amount should be controlled at 1.8～2.5 gram/every kilogram of apples.The main effect of moisture absorber is to absorb apple because of the moisture (moisture vapor) that respiration, transpiration produced, and regulates moisture or relative humidity in the natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 2, be the dual fresh-keeping hoarding method of apple of the present invention, implement according to following steps,
Step 1, the fresh apple after will gathering are put into clear water lightly, and apple surface is cleaned comprehensively, in operating process, should note damaging the apple epidermis,
Step 2, according to the weight of shitosan and water 1: 10 proportioning, preparation edible fresh-keeping agent solution, the apple that step 1 was cleaned is immersed in the edible fresh-keeping agent solution, kept 3 minutes, and dried apple surface then, the attention apple surface can not have the aqueous solution, in operating process, should note to damage the apple epidermis,, can not adopt the inventive method observing out the apple that physiological disturbance is arranged.
Step 3, the common paper interior that is of a size of 380mm * 240mm * 180mm at length evenly are coated with coating layer, and coating layer is 3.1 gram/every kilogram of apples according to the dry ice use amount, and dries,
Step 4, paste low-density polyethylene film at the carton inner surface of step 3 gained, film thickness is 80 microns,
Step 5, place bottom cardboard bed course in the carton interior of step 4 gained, place the cardboard spacer at bottom cardboard bed course upper surface, 24 red fuji apples (about 5kg apple) of step 2 gained are placed in the cardboard spacer lightly, attention should avoid abrading the apple epidermis in putting the process of apple, on the cardboard spacer, place top cardboard bed course, tile respectively at the middle section of top cardboard bed course upper surface and to put organic deoxidant, its use amount is 1.6 gram/every kilogram of apples; Soda lime, its use amount are 4.9 gram/every kilogram of apples; Travertine micropowder, its use amount are 4.6 gram/every kilogram of apples; Silica gel, its use amount are 2.5 gram/every kilogram of apples.Every kind of absorbent can be selected the non-woven bag packing for use, overlapping placement can not occur.
Step 6, to carton bottom, top involution, guarantee the seal of carton.
Carry out fresh-retaining preserving five months, and also carried out contrast experiment's (data and result are as shown in Table 1 and Table 2) simultaneously.Contrast and experiment shows, use natural gas adjusting cardboard box preservation method proposed by the invention can solve the non-freezer of red fuji apple in three months, the fresh-retaining preserving and the transportation and packing problem of non-air-conditioned cold store after mid or late October gathers separately, has excellent results.Use edible fresh-keeping agent proposed by the invention and natural gas adjusting cardboard box preservation method can solve the non-freezer of red fuji apple in five months, the fresh-retaining preserving and the transportation and packing problem of non-air-conditioned cold store simultaneously, have significant more effect.
Table 1 adopts the contrast experiment's data and the result of natural gas adjusting cardboard box preservation method separately
| The initial measured value of the red fuji apple after in mid or late October, 2006 gathers: (1) hardness (mean value): 9.48 (10 5Pa) (2) sugar content (mean value): 12.25 (%) | |
| 1, on November 26th, 2006 (1 month) contrast and experiment | |
| Do not adopt 1. hardness (mean value) of natural gas adjusting cardboard box preservation method: 9.11 (10 5Pa) 2. sugar content (mean value): 12.60 (%) are conclusion 3.: the apple dehydration is serious, and surperficial shrinkage, stalk to occur hollow, and the surface does not have the phenomenon of fading; Meat is loose, and fruit juice is more, does not have fragranced substantially, no commodity value. | Adopt 1. hardness mean value of natural gas adjusting cardboard box preservation method: 10.40 (10 5Pa) 2. sugar content mean value: 12.29 (%) are conclusion 3.: apple does not have damage, does not have obvious dehydration, does not have and fade, and flat surfaced is shrinkage not, and glossiness is good; Fruit is fresh, and meat is crisp firmly, fruit juice abundant, free from extraneous odour, no aftertaste, and back apple mouthfeel is basic identical with gathering.This fresh-retaining preserving technology is pollution-free to apple, nonhazardous, meets the health edible demand fully. |
| 2, on December 27th, 2006 (2 months) contrast and experiment | |
| Do not adopt 1. hardness (mean value) of natural gas adjusting cardboard box preservation method: 8.68 (10 5Pa) 2. sugar content (mean value): 15.94 (%) are conclusion 3.: the apple dehydration is serious, the serious shrinkage in surface, and matt substantially, the surface does not have the phenomenon of fading substantially; Meat is loose, and fruit juice is less, does not have fragranced substantially, no commodity valency | Adopt 1. hardness (mean value) of natural gas adjusting cardboard box preservation method: 10.51 (10 5Pa) 2. sugar content (mean value): 14.90 (%) are conclusion 3.: apple does not have damage, does not have obvious dehydration, does not have and fade, and flat surfaced is shrinkage not, and glossiness is good; Fruit is fresh, and meat is loose slightly, fruit juice is abundant, free from extraneous odour, no aftertaste, |
| Value. | Back apple mouthfeel is basic identical with gathering.This fresh-retaining preserving technology is pollution-free to apple, nonhazardous, meets the health edible demand fully. |
| 3, on January 27th, 2007 (3 months) contrast and experiment | |
| Do not adopt 1. hardness (mean value) of natural gas adjusting cardboard box preservation method: 8.18 (10 5Pa) 2. sugar content (mean value): 12.75 (%) are conclusion 3.: the apple dehydration is very serious, and all shrinkages of surface have the sugar of oozing, a phenomenon of fading, and are matt substantially; Meat is loose, and fruit juice is few, does not have fragranced substantially, no commodity value. | Adopt 1. hardness (mean value) of natural gas adjusting cardboard box preservation method: 9.38 (10 5Pa) 2. sugar content (mean value): 12.13 (%) are conclusion 3.: apple does not have damage, does not have obvious dehydration, does not have and fade, and flat surfaced is shrinkage not, and glossiness is good; Fruit is fresh, and meat is crisp firmly, fruit juice abundant, free from extraneous odour, no aftertaste, and back apple mouthfeel is basic identical with gathering.This fresh-retaining preserving technology is pollution-free to apple, nonhazardous, meets the health edible demand fully. |
| 4, on February 27th, 2007 (4 months) contrast and experiment | |
| Do not adopt natural gas adjusting cardboard box preservation method conclusion: the apple dehydration is very serious, all shrinkages of surface, and epidermis obviously rots, and can not eat. | Adopt natural gas adjusting cardboard box preservation method conclusion: existing obviously rotten, the disease of apple epidermis, there is obvious shrinkage on the surface, and low in glossiness, meat are sent out silk floss, fruit juice is few, free from extraneous odour, no aftertaste.This fresh-retaining preserving technology is pollution-free to apple, nonhazardous, meets the health edible demand fully.Can not satisfy four months |
| The fresh-retaining preserving requirement. |
Table 2 adopts the contrast experiment's data and the result of dual fresh-keeping hoarding method of the present invention
| The initial measured value of the red fuji apple after in mid or late October, 2006 gathers: (1) hardness (mean value): 10.39 (10 5Pa) (2) sugar content (mean value): 11.93 (%) | |
| 1, on February 27th, 2007 (4 months) contrast and experiment |
| The method that only adopts antistaling agent is hardness (mean value) 1.: 8.35 2. sugar contents (mean value): 12.30 (%) the 3. proportioning of antistaling agent solution are 1: 10.4. the dehydration of conclusion apple is serious, all shrinkages of surface, and the surface has oozes sugared phenomenon, does not have a phenomenon of fading substantially; Meat is more loose, and fruit juice is more, also preserves fragranced, free from extraneous odour, no aftertaste, no commodity value. | The method that natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box and antistaling agent are adopted in combination is hardness (mean value) 1.: 10.25 2. sugar contents (mean value): 11.81 (%) the 3. proportioning of antistaling agent solution are 1: 10.4. conclusion: apple does not have obvious dehydration, does not have and fade, and flat surfaced is shrinkage not, and glossiness is good; Fruit is fresh, and meat is crisp firmly, fruit juice abundant, free from extraneous odour, no aftertaste, and back apple mouthfeel is basic identical with gathering.This dual fresh-keeping hoarding technology is pollution-free to apple, nonhazardous, meets the health edible demand fully. |
| 2, on March 29th, 2007 (5 months) contrast and experiment | |
| The method that only adopts antistaling agent is hardness (mean value) 1.: 7.90 (10 5Pa) | The method of natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box and antistaling agent is adopted in combination |
| 2. sugar content (mean value): 12.35 (%) the 3. proportioning of antistaling agent solution are 1: 10.4. serious, all shrinkages of surface of conclusion apple dehydration, fruity, mouthfeel almost completely lose, no commodity value, no edibility. | 1. hardness (mean value): 10.12 (10 5Pa) 2. sugar content (mean value): 12.39 (%) the 3. proportioning of antistaling agent solution are 1: 10.4. conclusion: apple does not have obvious dehydration, and flat surfaced is shrinkage not, and glossiness is better; Fruit comparatively fresh, meat are more crisp, fruit juice is abundanter, free from extraneous odour, no aftertaste, and mouthfeel is better, and fragranced is general.This dual fresh-keeping hoarding technology is pollution-free to apple, nonhazardous, meets the health edible demand fully. |
Embodiment 2
Step 1, the fresh apple after will gathering are put into clear water lightly, and apple surface is cleaned comprehensively, in operating process, should note damaging the apple epidermis,
Step 2, according to the weight of edible fresh-keeping agent shitosan and water 1: 5 proportioning, preparation edible fresh-keeping agent solution, the apple that step 1 was cleaned is immersed in the edible fresh-keeping agent solution, kept 4 minutes, dry apple surface then, the attention apple surface can not have the aqueous solution, in operating process, should note to damage the apple epidermis
Step 3, the common paper interior that is of a size of 380mm * 240mm * 180mm at length evenly are coated with coating layer, and coating layer is 3.4 gram/every kilogram of apples according to the dry ice use amount, and dries,
Step 4, paste polyvinylidene chloride film at the carton inner surface of step 3 gained, film thickness is 50 microns,
Step 5, place bottom cardboard bed course in the carton interior of step 4 gained, place the cardboard spacer at bottom cardboard bed course upper surface, 24 red fuji apples (about 5kg apple) of step 2 gained are placed in the cardboard spacer lightly, attention should avoid abrading the apple epidermis in putting the process of apple, on the cardboard spacer, place top cardboard bed course, tile respectively at the middle section of top cardboard bed course upper surface and to put organic deoxidant, its use amount is 2.1 gram/every kilogram of apples; Soda lime, its use amount are 3.8 gram/every kilogram of apples; Artificial zeolite micropowder, its use amount are 4.6 gram/every kilogram of apples; Silica gel, its use amount are 1.8 gram/every kilogram of apples.Every kind of absorbent can be selected the non-woven bag packing for use, overlapping placement can not occur.
Step 6, to carton bottom, top involution, guarantee the seal of carton.
Natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box and antistaling agent dual mode are adopted in combination, and detection data and conclusion in the time of five months are:
1. hardness (mean value): 10.12 (10
5Pa)
2. sugar content (mean value): 12.09 (%)
3. the proportioning of antistaling agent solution is 1: 5.
4. conclusion: apple does not have obvious dehydration, and flat surfaced is shrinkage not, and glossiness is better; Fruit comparatively fresh, meat are more crisp, fruit juice is abundanter, free from extraneous odour, no aftertaste, and mouthfeel is better, and fragranced is general.This dual fresh-keeping hoarding technology is pollution-free to apple, nonhazardous, meets the health edible demand fully.
Embodiment 3
Step 1, the fresh apple after will gathering are put into clear water lightly, and apple surface is cleaned comprehensively, in operating process, should note damaging the apple epidermis,
Step 2, according to the weight of edible fresh-keeping agent shitosan and water 1: 12 proportioning, preparation edible fresh-keeping agent solution, the apple that step 1 was cleaned is immersed in the edible fresh-keeping agent solution, kept 5 minutes, dry apple surface then, the attention apple surface can not have the aqueous solution, in operating process, should note to damage the apple epidermis
Step 3, the common paper interior that is of a size of 380mm * 240mm * 180mm at length evenly are coated with coating layer, and coating layer is 1: 30 according to the proportioning of the volume of supra polymer Sodium Polyacrylate and water, and dries,
Step 4, paste low-density polyethylene film at the carton inner surface of step 3 gained, film thickness is 30 microns,
Step 5, place bottom cardboard bed course in the carton interior of step 4 gained, place the cardboard spacer at bottom cardboard bed course upper surface, 24 red fuji apples (about 5kg apple) of step 2 gained are placed in the cardboard spacer lightly, attention should avoid abrading the apple epidermis in putting the process of apple, on the cardboard spacer, place top cardboard bed course, tile respectively at the middle section of top cardboard bed course upper surface and to put iron series deoxidizers, its use amount is 1.8 gram/every kilogram of apples; Silica, its use amount are 4.3 gram/every kilogram of apples; Artificial zeolite micropowder, its use amount are 4.2 gram/every kilogram of apples; Molecular sieve, its use amount are 2.1 gram/every kilogram of apples.Every kind of absorbent can be selected the non-woven bag packing for use, overlapping placement can not occur.
Step 6, to carton bottom, top involution, guarantee the seal of carton.
Natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box and antistaling agent dual mode are adopted in combination, and detection data and conclusion in the time of five months are:
1. hardness (mean value): 10.14 (10
5Pa)
2. sugar content (mean value): 12.19 (%)
3. the proportioning of antistaling agent solution is 1: 12.
4. conclusion: apple does not have obvious dehydration, and flat surfaced is shrinkage not, and glossiness is better; Fruit comparatively fresh, meat are more crisp, fruit juice is abundanter, free from extraneous odour, no aftertaste, and mouthfeel is better, and fragranced is general.This dual fresh-keeping hoarding technology is pollution-free to apple, nonhazardous, meets the health edible demand fully.
Embodiment 4
Step 1, the fresh apple after will gathering are put into clear water lightly, and apple surface is cleaned comprehensively, in operating process, should note damaging the apple epidermis,
Step 2, according to the weight of edible fresh-keeping agent soap and water 1: 8 proportioning, preparation edible fresh-keeping agent solution, the apple that step 1 was cleaned is immersed in the edible fresh-keeping agent solution, kept 4 minutes, dry apple surface then, the attention apple surface can not have the aqueous solution, in operating process, should note to damage the apple epidermis
Step 3, the common paper interior that is of a size of 380mm * 240mm * 1 80mm at length evenly are coated with coating layer, and coating layer is 1: 40 mixed solution coating according to the weight proportion of supra polymer Sodium Polyacrylate and water, and dries,
Step 4, paste the low-density polyvinylidene chloride film at the carton inner surface of step 3 gained, film thickness is 60 microns,
Step 5, place bottom cardboard bed course in the carton interior of step 4 gained, place the cardboard spacer at bottom cardboard bed course upper surface, 24 red fuji apples (about 5kg apple) of step 2 gained are placed in the cardboard spacer lightly, attention should avoid abrading the apple epidermis in putting the process of apple, on the cardboard spacer, place top cardboard bed course, tile respectively at the middle section of top cardboard bed course upper surface and to put iron series deoxidizers, its use amount is 1.6 gram/every kilogram of apples; Silica, its use amount are 3.8 gram/every kilogram of apples; Travertine micropowder, its use amount are 4.6 gram/every kilogram of apples; Molecular sieve, its use amount are 2.5 gram/every kilogram of apples.Every kind of absorbent can be selected the non-woven bag packing for use, overlapping placement can not occur.
Step 6, to carton bottom, top involution, guarantee the seal of carton.
Natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box and antistaling agent dual mode are adopted in combination, and detection data and conclusion in the time of five months are:
1. hardness (mean value): 10.10 (10
5Pa)
2. sugar content (mean value): 12.29 (%)
3. the proportioning of antistaling agent solution is 1: 8.
4. conclusion: apple does not have obvious dehydration, and flat surfaced is shrinkage not, and glossiness is better; Fruit comparatively fresh, meat are more crisp, fruit juice is abundanter, free from extraneous odour, no aftertaste, and mouthfeel is better, and fragranced is general.This dual fresh-keeping hoarding technology is pollution-free to apple, nonhazardous, meets the health edible demand fully.
Embodiment 5
Step 1, the fresh apple after will gathering are put into clear water lightly, and apple surface is cleaned comprehensively, in operating process, should note damaging the apple epidermis,
Step 2, be 1: 5 proportioning according to the weight of edible fresh-keeping agent soap and water, preparation edible fresh-keeping agent solution, the apple that step 1 was cleaned is immersed in the edible fresh-keeping agent solution, kept 3 minutes, dry apple surface then, the attention apple surface can not have the aqueous solution
Step 3, the common paper interior that is of a size of 380mm * 240mm * 180mm at length evenly are coated with coating layer, and coating layer is 3.6 grams/every kilogram of apple coating according to the dry ice use amount, and dries,
Step 4, paste low-density polyethylene film at the carton inner surface of step 3 gained, film thickness is 40 microns,
Step 5, place bottom cardboard bed course in the carton interior of step 4 gained, place the cardboard spacer at bottom cardboard bed course upper surface, 24 red fuji apples (about 5kg apple) of step 2 gained are placed in the cardboard spacer lightly, attention should avoid abrading the apple epidermis in putting the process of apple, on the cardboard spacer, place top cardboard bed course, tile respectively at the middle section of top cardboard bed course upper surface and to put organic deoxidant, its use amount is 1.7 gram/every kilogram of apples; Soda lime, its use amount are 4.5 gram/every kilogram of apples; Artificial zeolite micropowder, its use amount are 4.0 gram/every kilogram of apples; Silica gel, its use amount are 2.2 gram/every kilogram of apples.Every kind of absorbent can be selected the non-woven bag packing for use, overlapping placement can not occur.
Step 6, with adhesive tape to carton bottom, top involution, guarantee the seal of carton.
Natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box and antistaling agent dual mode are adopted in combination, and detection data and conclusion in the time of five months are:
1. hardness (mean value): 10.13 (10
5Pa)
2. sugar content (mean value): 12.30 (%)
3. the proportioning of antistaling agent solution is 1: 5.
4. conclusion: apple does not have obvious dehydration, and flat surfaced is shrinkage not, and glossiness is better; Fruit comparatively fresh, meat are more crisp, fruit juice is abundanter, free from extraneous odour, no aftertaste, and mouthfeel is better, and fragranced is general.This dual fresh-keeping hoarding technology is pollution-free to apple, nonhazardous, meets the health edible demand fully.
Embodiment 6
Step 1, the fresh apple after will gathering are put into clear water lightly, and apple surface is cleaned comprehensively, in operating process, should note damaging the apple epidermis,
Step 2, according to the weight of edible fresh-keeping agent soap and water 1: 12 proportioning, preparation edible fresh-keeping agent solution, the apple that step 1 was cleaned is immersed in the edible fresh-keeping agent solution, kept 5 minutes, and dried apple surface then, the attention apple surface can not have the aqueous solution, in operating process, should note to damage the apple epidermis,, can not adopt the inventive method observing out the apple that physiological disturbance is arranged.
Step 3, the common paper interior that is of a size of 380mm * 240mm * 180mm at length evenly are coated with coating layer, and coating layer is 1: 35 mixed solution coating according to the proportioning of the volume of supra polymer Sodium Polyacrylate and water, and dries,
Step 4, paste low density polyethylene (LDPE) or polyvinylidene chloride film at the carton inner surface of step 3 gained, film thickness is 70 microns,
Step 5, place bottom cardboard bed course in the carton interior of step 4 gained, place the cardboard spacer at bottom cardboard bed course upper surface, 24 red fuji apples (about 5kg apple) of step 2 gained are placed in the cardboard spacer lightly, attention should avoid abrading the apple epidermis in putting the process of apple, on the cardboard spacer, place top cardboard bed course, tile respectively at the middle section of top cardboard bed course upper surface and to put iron series deoxidizers, its use amount is 2.1 gram/every kilogram of apples; Silica, its use amount are 4.9 gram/every kilogram of apples; Travertine micropowder, its use amount are 4.4 gram/every kilogram of apples; Molecular sieve, its use amount are 1.8 gram/every kilogram of apples.Every kind of absorbent can be selected the non-woven bag packing for use, overlapping placement can not occur.
Step 6, to carton bottom, top involution, guarantee the seal of carton.
Natural gas adjusting fresh-keeping corrugated box and antistaling agent dual mode are adopted in combination, and detection data and conclusion in the time of five months are:
1. hardness (mean value): 10.15 (10
5Pa)
2. sugar content (mean value): 12.35 (%)
3. the proportioning of antistaling agent solution is 1: 12.
4. conclusion: apple does not have obvious dehydration, and flat surfaced is shrinkage not, and glossiness is better; Fruit comparatively fresh, meat are more crisp, fruit juice is abundanter, free from extraneous odour, no aftertaste, and mouthfeel is better, and fragranced is general.This dual fresh-keeping hoarding technology is pollution-free to apple, nonhazardous, meets the health edible demand fully.
In sum, the fresh-keeping storage period of fresh-keeping method of the present invention can reach five months, substantially identical with the mouthfeel of the rear apple of gathering, glossiness is good, pollution-free, nonhazardous, meet the edible requirement of health fully, convenient storing, cost are low, high efficiency, the saving energy, have solved the problem of short, fresh-keeping weak effect of apple fresh-keeping shelf-life under non-freezer, non-air-conditioned cold store condition after gathering. Through to five months fresh-keeping storage of apple, basic guarantee the original quality of apple, have significant economic benefit and promotional value.
Claims (8)
1. the dual fresh-keeping hoarding method of an apple, it is characterized in that: this method is implemented according to following steps,
Step 1, the fresh apple after will gathering are cleaned comprehensively,
Step 2, be 1: 5～1: 12 proportioning according to the weight of edible fresh-keeping agent and water, preparation edible fresh-keeping agent solution, the apple that step 1 was cleaned is immersed in the edible fresh-keeping agent solution, keeps 3～5 minutes, dries apple surface then,
Step 3, evenly be coated with agent for storage of coldness colloid coating layer (2), and dry coating layer (2) at the carton inner surface,
Step 4, paste selective permeation film (3) at the carton inner surface of step 3 gained,
Step 5, place bottom cardboard bed course (11) in the carton interior of step 4 gained, place cardboard spacer (10) at bottom cardboard bed course (11) upper surface, the apple of step 2 gained is placed in the cardboard spacer (10), go up placement top cardboard bed course (8) at cardboard spacer (10), the packaging bag of oxygen absorber (4), carbon-dioxide absorbent (5), ethylene absorbent (6), moisture absorber (7) is housed respectively in the even tiling of top cardboard bed course (8) upper surface
Step 6, to the carton involution;
Shitosan or soap are selected in described edible fresh-keeping agent for use;
Described selective permeation film (3) is selected polyethylene or polyvinylidene chloride film for use, and film thickness is 30～80 microns.
2. dual fresh-keeping hoarding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described oxygen absorber (4) is selected organic deoxidant or iron series deoxidizers for use, and its use amount is 1.6～2.1 gram/every kilogram of apples.
3. dual fresh-keeping hoarding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described carbon-dioxide absorbent (5) is selected soda lime or silica for use, and its use amount is 3.8～4.9 gram/every kilogram of apples.
4. dual fresh-keeping hoarding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described ethylene absorbent (6) is selected travertine or artificial zeolite micropowder for use, and its use amount is 3.7～4.6 gram/every kilogram of apples.
5. dual fresh-keeping hoarding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described moisture absorber (7) is selected molecular sieve or silica gel for use, and its use amount is 1.8～2.5 gram/every kilogram of apples.
6. dual fresh-keeping hoarding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described coating layer (2) is the agent for storage of coldness colloid layer, and agent for storage of coldness is selected dry ice or supra polymer Sodium Polyacrylate colloid for use.
7. dual fresh-keeping hoarding method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described dry ice use amount is 3.1～3.6 gram/every kilogram of apples.
8. dual fresh-keeping hoarding method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: in the described supra polymer Sodium Polyacrylate colloid, the proportioning of the volume of supra polymer Sodium Polyacrylate and water is 1: 30～1: 40.
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| CN104738156A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-07-01 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | Edible fruit and vegetable preservative and using method thereof |
| CN105076354B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2018-09-11 | 田芳 | A kind of preservation method of apple |
| CN108353997A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-08-03 | 河南科技学院 | A kind of method of the fresh-keeping chicken of ice temperature combination antistaling agent |
| CN110371493B (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-12-07 | 广东广益科技实业有限公司 | Deoxidant and its preparing process |
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