CN101159326A - Cathode material of zinc-nickel secondary batteries and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Cathode material of zinc-nickel secondary batteries and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101159326A
CN101159326A CNA2007101565095A CN200710156509A CN101159326A CN 101159326 A CN101159326 A CN 101159326A CN A2007101565095 A CNA2007101565095 A CN A2007101565095A CN 200710156509 A CN200710156509 A CN 200710156509A CN 101159326 A CN101159326 A CN 101159326A
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China
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zno
zinc
powder
metal
secondary batteries
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CNA2007101565095A
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涂江平
马敏
徐彪
袁永锋
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Zhangjiagang Jiunuojie Technology Co Ltd
Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhangjiagang Jiunuojie Technology Co Ltd
Zhejiang University ZJU
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Priority to CNA2007101565095A priority Critical patent/CN101159326A/en
Publication of CN101159326A publication Critical patent/CN101159326A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The invention discloses a negative material of a zinc-nickel rechargeable battery which is a composite material containing Sn6O4(OH)4-surface-modified ZnO, metal Zn powder and nano-carbon fiber, the quality percentage is 85-95 percent and 4-13 percent for Sn6O4(OH)4-surface-modified ZnO and metal Zn powder respectively, and the rest is for nano-carbon fiber, wherein the quality percentage of Sn6O4(OH)4 in ZnO is 1-25 percent. PTFE, CMC and PVA are added in the present negative material as binder, stirred uniformly with deionized water and then coated in the current collector foam nickel, and by the processes of drying and pressing, a Zn cathode is fabricated. By using the material to fabricate zinc-nickel rechargeable batteries, the batteries have long service life, stable circulation performance, and can be applied to electric tools, transportation means, electric toys, household appliances, communication instruments and lighting equipment etc.

Description

Negative material of zinc-nickel secondary batteries and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to negative material of a kind of zinc-nickel secondary batteries and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Zinc-nickel secondary batteries has the specific energy height, the specific power height, and abundant raw materials, cost is low and can not cause advantages such as environmental pollution, compare with lead-acid battery, nickel-cadmium cell, Ni-MH battery, be the ideal green electrical source of power.It is shorter that but zinc-nickel secondary batteries recycles the life-span, limited the extensive use of this battery.The distortion of negative pole zinc electrode, dendritic growth are the main causes that causes battery cycle life short.The discharging product ZnO of zinc electrode or Zn (OH) 2Can dissolving enter alkaline electrolyte and solubility is bigger, the zincate of generation is because density trends towards the middle and lower part of battery greatly, and reduce deposition arrives the middle and lower part of zinc electrode when charging.Charge and discharge cycles repeatedly can make this phenomenon aggravation, causes the zinc electrode distortion, influences discharge capacity.In addition, the part zincate does not deposit on the zinc electrode during charging, but is deposited in the outside and barrier film of electrolyte, forms dendrite, stings the internal short-circuit that battery diaphragm causes battery easily, reduces cycle life, and influences battery cyclical stability and charge efficiency.
Basic reason according to zinc-nickel secondary batteries dendrite and problem on deformation is the dissolving of ZnO in alkaline electrolyte, and both at home and abroad the researcher proposes to suppress the life-span that the dissolving of ZnO improves zinc-nickel cell, as add Ca (OH) in zinc electrode 2Additive, but additive for electrode itself and their adding method all can not fundamentally stop ZnO to enter into electrolyte, therefore act on limited.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide negative material of a kind of new zinc-nickel secondary batteries and preparation method thereof, can significantly improve the cycle performance and the specific energy of zinc-nickel secondary batteries.
The negative material of zinc-nickel secondary batteries of the present invention is Sn 6O 4(OH) 4The composite material of the ZnO of surface modification, Metal Zn powder and carbon nano-fiber contains the Sn that mass percent is 85-95% 6O 4(OH) 4Metal Zn powder, the surplus of the ZnO of surface modification, 4-13% are carbon nano-fiber, the Sn among the ZnO 6O 4(OH) 4Mass percentage content be 1-25%.
The preparation method of zinc-nickel secondary batteries negative material may further comprise the steps: contain by mass percentage and measure ZnO, SnCl 2, Metal Zn powder and carbon nano-fiber, SnCl 2Consumption be 1~25% of ZnO quality; With SnCl 2Be dissolved in dense HCl, after dissolving fully,, make SnCl with the deionized water dilution 2Concentration at 0.1~10g/L; Add ZnO, fully stir, filtration, washing, centrifugation obtain Sn 6O 4(OH) 4Finishing ZnO is with Sn 6O 4(OH) 4Surface modification ZnO and Metal Zn powder and carbon nano-fiber fully mix.
In above-mentioned zinc-nickel secondary batteries negative material, adding a small amount of PTFE, CMC and PVA is binding agent, is coated in the collector nickel foam after evenly with deionized water and stirring, and drying, compression moulding can make the zinc negative pole.
With the zinc electrode of preparation and the β-Ni (OH) of pasting compression moulding on nickel foam 2Electrode, barrier film are formed square zinc-nickel cell, and electrolyte is for containing 1.6 M K 2BO 3, the saturated 4M KOH of the ZnO mixed aqueous solution of 0.9 M KF and 0.1M LiOH.Through in 25 ± 2 ℃ of environment with 0.05CA charging 20h, shelve 10min, 0.1C A is discharged to 1.2V, activate 1 circulation after, with the 0.1C A 10h that charges, shelve 10min again, 0.2C A is discharged to 1.2V, 8 circulations.With 0.4C A charging 3h, shelve 10min then, 5C A is discharged to 1.2V.The charge-discharge performance of zinc-nickel secondary batteries and the variation of cyclical stability are measured in circulation repeatedly.
The present invention adopts Sn 6O 4(OH) 4Surface modification ZnO, Metal Zn powder and carbon nano-fiber are as the Zinc-nickel battery negative active material.Surface modification thing Sn 6O 4(OH) 4Be the alkaline metal oxide of current potential calibration, will change metal Sn into, in battery operated voltage range, exist with the metal Sn form all the time in preceding 10 duty cycle of battery.The trim on ZnO surface will form one physical barriers, and to reduce the direct contact surface of ZnO and alkaline electrolyte long-pending, suppresses the dissolving of ZnO, can reduce the distortion and the dendrite problem of Zn electrode effectively, improves the cycle performance of zinc-nickel secondary batteries; The high potential of metal Sn can also improve Zn electrode mixing overpotential of hydrogen evolution, suppresses the liberation of hydrogen and the self discharge effect of zinc-nickel secondary batteries.But Sn 6O 4(OH) 4Poorly conductive is modified at the contact resistance between the ZnO surface meeting raising ZnO particle, and the charge efficiency of ZnO is descended, and the discharge capability of Zn reduces.Directly adding Metal Zn powder can significantly improve the conductivity between the finishing ZnO particle, improves the conductance of Zn electrode, especially at Sn 6O 4(OH) 4Before thoroughly changing metal Sn into, this effect is better significantly.Simultaneously the specific energy of Metal Zn is than the high 161mAh/g of ZnO, other conductive agents relatively, and the adding of Metal Zn powder not only can not reduce the specific energy and the specific power of battery, and the effect of raising is arranged on the contrary.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circulation discharge performance curve of zinc-nickel secondary batteries.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Get 8g ZnO, 1g SnCl 2, 0.44g Metal Zn powder and 0.088g carbon nano-fiber, with SnCl 2Be dissolved in dense HCl, after dissolving fully,, make SnCl with the deionized water dilution 2Concentration at 6.5g/L, add ZnO, fully stir, filtration, washing, centrifugation obtain Sn 6O 4(OH) 4Finishing ZnO, Sn 6O 4(OH) 4Mass percentage content is 10%, with Sn 6O 4(OH) 4Surface modification ZnO and Metal Zn powder and carbon nano-fiber fully mix, and get the negative material of zinc-nickel secondary batteries.Adding a little P TFE, CMC and PVA in the material that mixes is binding agent, is coated in the collector nickel foam after evenly with deionized water and stirring, and drying, compacting, shear forming are of a size of: 20 * 20 * 0.4mm 3, make zinc electrode.
Embodiment 2:
Get 5g ZnO, 0.625g SnCl 2, 0.55g Metal Zn powder and 0.08g carbon nano-fiber, with SnCl 2Be dissolved in dense HCl, after dissolving fully,, make SnCl with the deionized water dilution 2Concentration at 6.5g/L; Add ZnO, fully stir, filtration, washing, centrifugation obtain Sn 6O 4(OH) 4Finishing ZnO, Sn 6O 4(OH) 4Mass percentage content is 10%, with Sn 6O 4(OH) 4Surface modification ZnO and Metal Zn powder and carbon nano-fiber fully mix, and get the negative material of zinc-nickel secondary batteries.Adding a little P TFE, CMC and PVA in the material that mixes is binding agent, is coated in the collector nickel foam after evenly with deionized water and stirring, and drying, compacting, shear forming are of a size of: 20 * 20 * 0.4mm 3, make zinc electrode.
Embodiment 3:
Get 10g ZnO, 1.25g SnCl 2, 1.65g Metal Zn powder and 0.11g carbon nano-fiber, with SnCl 2Be dissolved in dense HCl, after dissolving fully,, make SnCl with the deionized water dilution 2Concentration at 6.5g/L; Add ZnO, fully stir, filtration, washing, centrifugation obtain Sn 6O 4(OH) 4Finishing ZnO, Sn 6O 4(OH) 4Mass percentage content is 10%, with Sn 6O 4(OH) 4Surface modification ZnO and Metal Zn powder and carbon nano-fiber fully mix, and get the negative material of zinc-nickel secondary batteries.Adding a little P TFE, CMC and PVA in the material that mixes is binding agent, is coated in the collector nickel foam after evenly with deionized water and stirring, and drying, compacting, shear forming are of a size of: 20 * 20 * 0.4mm 3, make zinc electrode.
The positive pole of all embodiment is the β-Ni (OH) of pasting compression moulding on nickel foam 2Electrode, positive electrode capacity is excessive than capacity of negative plates, makes battery capacity can reflect the utilance of negative material.Adopt the zinc electrode among the microporous polyolefin film parcel embodiment,, inject and contain 1.6 M K with the positive pole square electrolysis tank of packing into 2BO 3, the saturated 4 M KOH electrolyte of the ZnO of 0.9M KF and 0.1M LiOH are made zinc-nickel secondary batteries.Cell activation is handled the back, and (with 0.05C charging 20h, shelve 10min, 0.1C A is discharged to 1.2V, 1 circulation.With 0.1C A charging 10h, shelve 10min again, 0.2C A is discharged to 1.2V, 8 circulations), with 0.4C A current charges, with 5C A discharge, the charge-discharge performance of zinc-nickel secondary batteries is measured in circulation under 20 ± 2 ℃ of ambient temperatures.
Fig. 1 is the circulation discharge performance curve of zinc-nickel secondary batteries, wherein curve 1 is the discharge performance curve of embodiment 1, curve 2 is the discharge performance curve of embodiment 2, curve 3 is the discharge performance curve of embodiment 3, curve 4 is not for adding the Zn powder, the circulation discharge performance curve of the zinc-nickel secondary batteries that the mixture that has only surface modification ZnO and carbon nano-fiber is made as negative electrode active material.
As seen from Figure 1, add discharge capacity of the cell behind the Zn powder apparently higher than the battery that does not add the Zn powder, the discharge capacity that wherein adds the battery of 15% Zn powder keeps the highest in preceding 22 circulations, cyclical stability is better, only several cycles slightly reduces in the back, and average size is the highest, is 332mAh/g.The average discharge capacity of the battery of the Zn powder of adding 10% is than the low 26mAh/g of average discharge capacity of the battery of the Zn powder of adding 15%.The average discharge capacity of battery that adds 5% Zn powder is minimum in the battery of these three embodiment, but still than the high 57mAh/g of average discharge capacity of the battery that does not add the Zn powder.
Be it can also be seen that by Fig. 1 discharge capacity is just than higher after nearly 20 circulations for the battery that does not add the Zn powder, this should be owing to be modified at the Sn on ZnO surface in initial several cycles 6O 4(OH) 4Also thoroughly do not change metal Sn into, its poorly conductive causes.Battery behind the adding Zn powder all is significantly higher than the control cell that does not add the Zn powder in the discharge capacity of initial cycle (preceding 5 circulations), especially the battery discharge capacity after two or three circulations that adds 15% Zn powder has just reached higher value, this is because adding Metal Zn powder can significantly improve the conductivity between the finishing ZnO particle, improve the conductance of Zn electrode, and the Zn powder itself has higher capacity, the Zn electrode capacity is had the growth effect, and these two effect comprehensive functions cause.
It is easy that zinc-nickel secondary batteries of the present invention has the preparation method, and cost is low, and the significant advantage of effect can Be widely used in driving the fields such as electric tool, the vehicles, household electrical appliance, communication apparatus and lighting apparatus.

Claims (2)

1. the negative material of zinc-nickel secondary batteries is characterized in that it is Sn 6O 4(OH) 4The composite material of the ZnO of surface modification, Metal Zn powder and carbon nano-fiber contains the Sn that mass percent is 85-95% 6O 4(OH) 4Metal Zn powder, the surplus of the ZnO of surface modification, 4-13% are carbon nano-fiber, the Sn among the ZnO 6O 4(OH) 4Mass percentage content be 1-25%.
2. the preparation method of zinc-nickel secondary batteries negative material according to claim 1 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps: contain by mass percentage and measure ZnO, SnCl 2, Metal Zn powder and carbon nano-fiber, SnCl 2Consumption be 1~25% of ZnO quality; With SnCl 2Be dissolved in dense HCl, after dissolving fully,, make SnCl with the deionized water dilution 2Concentration at 0.1~10g/L; Add ZnO, fully stir, filtration, washing, centrifugation obtain Sn 6O 4(OH) 4The ZnO of finishing is with Sn 6O 4(OH) 4The ZnO of surface modification and Metal Zn powder and carbon nano-fiber fully mix, and obtain the negative material of zinc-nickel secondary batteries.
CNA2007101565095A 2007-11-06 2007-11-06 Cathode material of zinc-nickel secondary batteries and preparation method thereof Pending CN101159326A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101841034A (en) * 2010-05-27 2010-09-22 复旦大学 Negative material for zinc-nickel battery and method for preparing same
CN102208630A (en) * 2011-05-16 2011-10-05 卢国骥 Method for preparing zinc cathode sheet of alkaline zinc base secondary battery
CN102484246A (en) * 2009-08-07 2012-05-30 鲍尔热尼***公司 Carbon fiber zinc negative electrode
CN103022472A (en) * 2012-12-17 2013-04-03 湖南丰日电源电气股份有限公司 Large-power zinc-nickel mixed battery cathode slurry and preparation method thereof
CN103647048A (en) * 2013-12-10 2014-03-19 北京理工大学 Preparation method of high-rate lithium ion battery negative electrode material
CN107403967A (en) * 2017-07-25 2017-11-28 中南大学 A kind of method of inorganic matter modification zinc oxide nano composite material

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102484246A (en) * 2009-08-07 2012-05-30 鲍尔热尼***公司 Carbon fiber zinc negative electrode
US9947919B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2018-04-17 Zincfive Power, Inc. Carbon fiber zinc negative electrode
US10763495B2 (en) 2009-08-07 2020-09-01 Zincfive Power, Inc. Carbon fiber zinc negative electrode
CN101841034A (en) * 2010-05-27 2010-09-22 复旦大学 Negative material for zinc-nickel battery and method for preparing same
CN102208630A (en) * 2011-05-16 2011-10-05 卢国骥 Method for preparing zinc cathode sheet of alkaline zinc base secondary battery
CN103022472A (en) * 2012-12-17 2013-04-03 湖南丰日电源电气股份有限公司 Large-power zinc-nickel mixed battery cathode slurry and preparation method thereof
CN103022472B (en) * 2012-12-17 2015-03-11 湖南丰日电源电气股份有限公司 Large-power zinc-nickel mixed battery cathode slurry and preparation method thereof
CN103647048A (en) * 2013-12-10 2014-03-19 北京理工大学 Preparation method of high-rate lithium ion battery negative electrode material
CN103647048B (en) * 2013-12-10 2015-10-14 北京理工大学 Preparation method of high-rate lithium ion battery negative electrode material
CN107403967A (en) * 2017-07-25 2017-11-28 中南大学 A kind of method of inorganic matter modification zinc oxide nano composite material
CN107403967B (en) * 2017-07-25 2019-07-26 中南大学 A kind of method of inorganic matter modification zinc oxide nanocomposite

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