CN101157578A

CN101157578A - White mushroom compost storage and deacidizing utilization method after fermentation

Info

Publication number: CN101157578A
Application number: CNA2007100463446A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄建春
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-09-25
Filing date: 2007-09-25
Publication date: 2008-04-09
Anticipated expiration: 2027-09-25
Also published as: CN100569063C

Abstract

The invention relates to a storage and deoxidized utilization method for agaricus bisporus nourishment after fermentation. The nourishment gets selected first. After the primary fermentation and the secondary fermentation, the nourishment is aired or dried for storage. The air temperature can be below 70DEG when drying. The nourishment gets stacked for storage in dry places until the nourishment is aired or dried. The deoxidized utilization method for the nourishment is specifically shown as follows: the store nourishment is added with water for deoxidization and added with lime rinsing with pH value 8. Moreover, the water content of the nourishment is adjusted to 62 percent and the height and the width of the nourishment stack are 1.3-1.5m and 2.3-2.5m respectively. Then, the stack is covered by plastic film for two days to three days. Afterwards, the nourishment gets disinfected and extended on the bedstead of a mushroom chamber after water absorption and deoxidization. Pasteurization is done and the room temperature and the nourishment temperature are made between 58DEG to 62DEG for six hours to eight hours; at length, the nourishment gets cooled and inseminated. The method resolves the imbalance of the concentrated demand and supply of the material in production seasons, thus the utilization ratio of the equipment is improved.

Description

Material culture of agaricus bisporus fermentation back storage utilizes method with reduction

Technical field

The present invention relates to the cultivation technique of Twospore Mushroom, preserve and reduce the method for utilizing after the fermentation of particularly a kind of material culture of agaricus bisporus.

Background technology

Twospore Mushroom is a kind of typical saprophytic fungus, and natural wild Twospore Mushroom often is grown on the excrement grass organic matter that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and therefore often is called as straw rotting fungus.Since the artificial culture Twospore Mushroom so far, Twospore Mushroom still be grown in contain excrement, the grass culture material on.Because the poor ability of Twospore Mushroom mycelia decomposition of cellulose and xylogen, directly decompose and utilize culture material to have any problem.Therefore, material culture of agaricus bisporus is fermentation reactor system in advance, allows a large amount of breedings of beneficial microorganism such as the plain decomposer of some fibre, and fermentations such as straw in the compost, cow dung are decomposed, and becomes nutritive substance simple in structure, that Twospore Mushroom absorbs easily.Meta-bolites of microorganism and tropina also become the required nutrient of Twospore Mushroom growth.Culture material can kill off the insect pests and assorted bacterium by the composting thermophilic fermentation simultaneously, improves the physicochemical character of culture material.By biology, the chemical reaction of culture material fermenting process, produce the culture medium that is suitable for the Twospore Mushroom growth with good physicochemical character.

Early stage culture material fermentation reactor system is called long-term fermentation, at the outdoor composting that will carry out 28～30 days (d), wants turning during this period 5～6 times.There is the people to study successfully the Secondary Fermentation technical matters abroad, is about to the composting culture material and is divided into one time fermentation and two stages of Secondary Fermentation in nineteen fifty.One time fermentation is that the starting material of preparation are prewetted, and mixes, and piles shape outdoor building in accordance with regulations, by microbial activities, makes compost produce 60 ℃～80 ℃ high temperature, by turning several times, makes it even.Secondary Fermentation is after the culture material one time fermentation finishes, strictly controlled temperature and air in cultivating chamber or special facility, utilize thermophilic actinomycete at 45 ℃～55 ℃ fermentation maturities, four-stage such as this process is by temperature equilibrium, sterilization, become thoroughly decomposed, cooling carries out.One time fermentation needs 12～16d, and Secondary Fermentation needs 7～12d.

Had the people to introduce material culture of agaricus bisporus Secondary Fermentation technology at home afterwards, and made the Twospore Mushroom per unit area yield increase substantially, average per unit area yield improves 20%～30%.During the last ten years, Twospore Mushroom Secondary Fermentation technology obtains big area and promotes on a large scale, and the development that promotes domestic Twospore Mushroom production has been produced vital role.But, the fermentation of the culture material of present domestic Twospore Mushroom production exists still that batching is extensive, the nutrient proportioning is unreasonable, operation (pasteurization, the temperature of becoming thoroughly decomposed do not reach requirement, deficiency of time etc.) lack of standardization situation, also have the culture material of many regional culture Twospore Mushroomes still to continue to use backward long-term zymotechnique, cause the culture material ripening degree poor, assorted bacterium, worm's ovum are seriously polluted, have had a strong impact on output.Because the mushroom farming disperses the composting culture material, rural environment is exerted a certain influence simultaneously.

Because Twospore Mushroom production is subjected to the restriction in season, make the culture material fermentation reactor system time comparatively concentrated, and the labor force of Twospore Mushroom production base relatively lacks, so just produced comparatively outstanding contradiction.Simultaneously, the feed of mushroom compost batch production production and peasant cultivating bisporous mushroom under natural climate condition is concentrated needs the contradiction of material (in annual early October～early December) also comparatively outstanding.Therefore, exploitation material culture of agaricus bisporus fermentation back storage and reduction utilize technology, are to solve lack of labor and the culture material fermentation reactor system time comparatively concentrates, Twospore Mushroom is produced and concentrated the effective ways that need the contradiction that (confession) expect season.

Summary of the invention

Task of the present invention provides a kind of material culture of agaricus bisporus fermentation back storage and utilizes method with reduction, and it has solved Twospore Mushroom production causes the culture material fermentation reactor system time to be concentrated and Twospore Mushroom is produced and concentrated the particularly thorny problem that expect of needing season because of being subject to seasonal restrictions.

Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

A kind of material culture of agaricus bisporus fermentation back storage utilizes method with reduction, at first match culture material, fermentation technique adopts batch production to concentrate fermentation, one time fermentation is that the starting material of preparation are prewetted, mix pre-heap,, make compost produce 60 ℃～80 ℃ high temperature by microbial activities, by turning several times, make it even; Secondary Fermentation is strictly controlled temperature and an air in cultivating chamber, utilizes thermophilic actinomycete at 45 ℃～55 ℃ fermentation maturities, and four-stage such as this process is by temperature equilibrium, sterilization, become thoroughly decomposed, cooling carries out;

Culture material behind the Secondary Fermentation is dried or dry storage, and air themperature was lower than 70 ℃ when culture material adopted oven dry, treat that culture material dries or dries after, be packed in bag or bundling or in bulkly be stacked on dry place's preservation;

The concrete grammar that the culture material reduction is utilized is as follows:

Add the water reduction at 3～4 days culture materials of Twospore Mushroom before suitable sowing date with storage, the lime clear water that in culture material, adds pH value 8.5, adjust the water content to 62% of culture material, because of the dry suction difficulty of culture material, so water transfer speed is slow, the water transfer time is 2 days, recycling from culture material effusive water in case nutrient loss, after treating culture material moisture abundance, the culture material composting is got up, and material stack height is 1.3m～1.5m, and the stockpile width is 2.3m～2.5m, to cultivate stockpile and cover with plastics film the back well, the composting time is 2d～3d;

Then culture material is sterilized, culture material is through after evenly suction is reduced fully, culture material is laid on equably on the bedstead in mushroom room, thickness is at 18cm～20cm, feed steam or with coal stove heating carrying out pasteurization, make room temperature and material temperature rise to 58 ℃～62 ℃, keep 6h～8h, after pasteurization with the airtight again 24h in mushroom room;

With culture material cooling sowing, open mushroom door window and ventilate at last, when treating that the culture material temperature is reduced to 26 ℃, spray the lime clear water of a little pH value 8～9 on the culture material top layer, sow routinely again.

Adopt material culture of agaricus bisporus fermentation back storage of the present invention to utilize method with reduction, can solve Twospore Mushroom and produce the concentrated contradiction that needs (confession) material in season, the peasant is produced the scale and the enthusiasm of Twospore Mushroom, usage ratio of equipment is improved in mushroom compost production plant, and the Twospore Mushroom production of current development China is had significant promoter action.

According to method of the present invention, can realize material culture of agaricus bisporus batch production, specialized production, change the culture material preparation method small and comprehensive that falls behind.The culture material for preparing is supplied to the cultivation family, and supporting popularization culturing high yield double-sporophyte mushroom, can alleviate the labour intensity of the cultivating bisporous mushroom of peasant, improve quality and the output capacity of unit surface and the quality of bright mushroom of culture material, reduce the disadvantageous effect of Twospore Mushroom production, strengthen the market competitiveness of the cultivating bisporous mushroom of suburbs peasant rural environment.

Embodiment

The present invention is that a kind of material culture of agaricus bisporus fermentation back storage utilizes method with reduction, at first matches culture material, and the culture material formulation components comprises straw, does starting material such as cow dung, dried poultrymanure, rapeseed cake, urea, sulphur ammonium, gypsum, calcium superphosphate, lime.

Fermentation is concentrated in the batch production of fermentation technique process using.One time fermentation is that the starting material of preparation are fully prewetted, and mixes heap in advance, by microbial activities, makes compost produce 60 ℃～80 ℃ high temperature, by turning several times, makes it even.Secondary Fermentation is strictly controlled temperature and an air in cultivating chamber, utilizes thermophilic actinomycete at 45 ℃～55 ℃ fermentation maturities, and four-stage such as this process is by temperature equilibrium, sterilization, become thoroughly decomposed, cooling carries out.

Characteristics of the present invention are that the culture material behind the Secondary Fermentation is dried or dry storage, and the culture material Secondary Fermentation finished the back and dried the back storage in 3～5 days, and in case of overcast and rainy continuously, the most handy drying plant is dried it.Air themperature should be lower than 62 ℃ when culture material adopted oven dry.After treating that culture material dries or dries, be packed in bag or bundling or in bulkly be stacked on dry place's preservation.

Add the water reduction at 3～4 days culture materials of Twospore Mushroom before suitable sowing date with storage.The lime clear water that in culture material, adds pH value 8.5, the water content to 62% of adjustment culture material.Because culture material is relatively drier, suction is difficult, so the water transfer velocity ratio is slower, and the water transfer time generally needs 2 days.Effusive water should reuse from culture material, in case nutrient loss.After treating culture material moisture abundance, the culture material composting is got up, material stack height is 1.3m～1.5m, and the stockpile width is 2.3m～2.5m.To cultivate stockpile and cover with plastics film the back well, the composting time is 2d～3d.

Then culture material is carried out disinfection.Culture material is laid on culture material on the bedstead in mushroom room equably through after the even fully suction reduction, and thickness feeds steam or carries out pasteurization with the coal stove heating at 18cm～20cm, makes room temperature and material temperature rise to 58 ℃～62 ℃, keeps 6h～8h.After pasteurization with the airtight again 24h in mushroom room.

At last with culture material cooling sowing.Open mushroom door window and ventilate, when treating that the culture material temperature is reduced to 26 ℃ of left and right sides, spray the lime clear water of a little pH value 8～9 on the culture material top layer, sow routinely again.

Send out all operations routinely of bacterium and management of producing mushroom.

Certainly, those skilled in the art in the present technique field will be appreciated that, the foregoing description only is to be used for illustrating the present invention, and be not as limitation of the invention, as long as in connotation scope of the present invention, all will drop in the scope of claim of the present invention conversion, the modification of the foregoing description.

Claims

1. a material culture of agaricus bisporus fermentation back storage utilizes method with reduction, at first match culture material, fermentation technique adopts batch production to concentrate fermentation, one time fermentation is that the starting material of preparation are prewetted, mix pre-heap,, make compost produce 60 ℃～80 ℃ high temperature by microbial activities, by turning several times, make it even; Secondary Fermentation is strictly controlled temperature and an air in cultivating chamber, utilizes thermophilic actinomycete at 45 ℃～55 ℃ fermentation maturities, and four-stage such as this process is by temperature equilibrium, sterilization, become thoroughly decomposed, cooling carries out;

It is characterized in that, the culture material behind the Secondary Fermentation is dried or dry storage, air themperature was lower than 70 ℃ when culture material adopted oven dry, treat that culture material dries or dries after, be packed in bag or bundling or in bulkly be stacked on dry place's preservation;