CN101142153A - Improved ceramic slab for facings, and method for its manufacture - Google Patents
Improved ceramic slab for facings, and method for its manufacture Download PDFInfo
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- CN101142153A CN101142153A CNA2005800491144A CN200580049114A CN101142153A CN 101142153 A CN101142153 A CN 101142153A CN A2005800491144 A CNA2005800491144 A CN A2005800491144A CN 200580049114 A CN200580049114 A CN 200580049114A CN 101142153 A CN101142153 A CN 101142153A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010041662 Splinter Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
- B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
- B28B13/022—Feeding several successive layers, optionally of different materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
- B28B23/18—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members for the production of elongated articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/12—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material
- B28B3/123—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material on material in moulds or on moulding surfaces moving continuously underneath or between the rollers, e.g. on an endless belt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B5/00—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping
- B28B5/02—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type
- B28B5/026—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of indefinite length
- B28B5/027—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of indefinite length the moulding surfaces being of the indefinite length type, e.g. belts, and being continuously fed
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
- E04F13/142—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of ceramics or clays
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/08—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
- Insulating Bodies (AREA)
- Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
Abstract
An improved ceramic slab (1) and a method for its manufacture. The slab (1) comprises a continuous ceramic matrix (2) internally incorporating reinforcement fiber (3) having resistance characteristics superior to those of the ceramic matrix itself. The method comprises the following steps: creating, on a support surface (11), a first layer of ceramic powder (5); distributing an assembly of reinforcement fibers (3) over at least an area of the top surface (50) of said first layer (5) of ceramic powder; covering the reinforcement fibers, to create at least a second layer (6) of ceramic powder on said first layer (5), in order to obtain a soft ceramic blank of desired thickness containing the reinforcement fibers; pressing said soft blank to compact the powders and obtain an unfired ceramic slab; subjecting said unfired ceramic slab to firing, to obtain a ceramic slab (1) comprising a continuous ceramic matrix (2) with the reinforcement fibers (3) incorporated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ceramic plate or the ceramic tile that is used for facing and floor basically, and their manufacture method.
Background technology
The ceramic plate that is generally used for facing and floor is known to have high resistance to pressure, surface hardness and wear resistance, and these characteristics are to be provided by the high-temperature calcination process that the constituent material of ceramic mixture and this mixture are carried out.
On the contrary, described ceramic plate has low tensile strength and common brittle behaviour, and this has usually limited its use under the condition with tensile stress or stress in bending state.
Under such condition, because the stress that knocks and especially concentrate, crackle can form in ceramic plate, and because the brittle behaviour of pottery, crackle can propagate into whole ceramic plate step by step, and is cracked up to it.
If described plate is to be used for the external front face of buildings is carried out veneer, what this inherent brittleness of ceramics can be especially is serious, because they generally are to be fixed on overhead very high height by suitable mechanism.
In this case since cracked suddenly (owing to nature or unscheduled event cause) of plate and subsequently its fragment fall from very high height, obviously can cause danger.
For addressing this problem, currently known have two schemes that can select.
First solution of widespread use comprises that net that synthetic materials or metallic substance are made is with the rear surface of epoxy bond at ceramic plate.
By this way, if plate is cracked suddenly, therefore its fragment has prevented the danger to people or thing still by being held in place with their agglutinating nets.
Recently second solution that proposes comprises and makes plate like this: stacked two or more thin plates, and insert resin layer betwixt, thus this resin layer is bonded to described thin plate together and provides mechanical continuity for assembly.By this way, obtain a kind of composite ceramic slab, wherein each independently composing plate as the support of other plates.
Although two kinds of described solutions all provide good effect, their widespread use is subjected to serious limitation, particularly because bonding connection shortage reliability is very high with this cost that is connected of formation.
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of resistance to be better than the enhancing ceramic plate of ceramic plate commonly used in the framework of simple, reasonable and lower cost solution.
Summary of the invention
This purpose realizes that by a kind of like this enhancing ceramic plate this enhancing ceramic plate comprises the successive ceramic matrix, and its inside is combined with the fortifying fibre that resistance is better than ceramic matrix self, promptly differs to be decided to be linear filament.
Especially, the more described ceramic matrix of fortifying fibre has higher tensile strength.
According to the present invention, fortifying fibre is distributed in the described ceramic matrix at least one pottery and the such mode of fiber composite layer that forms between two pure ceramic layers.
In described composite bed, fortifying fibre is separated from one another and be arranged in same basically plane separatedly, and this plane can be parallel with the ceramic plate surface or to the ceramic plate surface tilt.
Especially, fortifying fibre can distribute with random fashion, or preferably distributes in an orderly way to form discontinuous net, and its mesh is limited by fortifying fibre.
Rely on this solution, have inner the enhancing basically, make that its more common complete ceramic plate fragility is littler according to ceramic plate of the present invention.
With regard to this respect, if form crackle in strengthening ceramic plate, its propagation is interrupted when running into the fortifying fibre that has better resistance than ceramic matrix, thereby prevents the plate splinter.
According to the present invention, must make the length of the mesh side edge length of net, to prevent in ceramic plate, existing crackle not run into the linear basically privileged direction of any fortifying fibre along propagation less than the fortifying fibre that limits mesh.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, fortifying fibre distributes with orderly repeat pattern, so that the mesh of discontinuous network is the form of parallelogram, typically is rectangle or square, and all equates each other.
In addition, according to the present invention, fortifying fibre is a steel fiber, is typically linear steel wire section, preferably has the diameter between 0.3 to 0.7mm, and the length between 20 to 200mm, preferred length 40 and 100mm between.
Selectable, described fortifying fibre can be glass fibre, carbon fiber or aramid fiber.
The present invention also comprises the manufacture method of making described enhancing ceramic plate, may further comprise the steps:
A) form first ceramics layer at stayed surface;
B) distribution fortifying fibre assembly on a zone of the top surface of described first ceramics layer at least;
C) cover described fortifying fibre, on described the first layer, to form at least the second ceramics layer, to obtain to comprise the soft ceramic batch with desired thickness of fortifying fibre;
D) the described soft paste material of compacting is with compacted powder and obtain the ceramic plate of not roasting; And it is last
E) ceramic plate to described not roasting carries out roasting, to obtain comprising the enhancing ceramic plate of the continuous ceramic matrix that wherein is combined with fortifying fibre.
According to the present invention, especially, the described step c) that covers fortifying fibre can be by need repeating the step a) and the b of number of times) implement, so that the soft paste material package is drawn together a plurality of ceramics layers, between these ceramics layers, insert fortifying fibre.
With this scheme, not only can be by adopting the discontinuous forming technology of conventional ceramic mould, and can come very simply, rationally and economically make described intensified ceramic plate by the continuous molding technology of describing in the applicant's the European patent application EP 1283097.
Under first kind of situation, described stayed surface is the surface of vertical translation, limited by the upper surface of the counterdie of ceramic die, and in second kind of situation, stayed surface is the surface of horizontal translation that its travelling belt by continuously shaped equipment limits.
According to the present invention, fortifying fibre is distributed on the entire top surface of formed first ceramics layer, and it is plane surface preferably, can be parallel with stayed surface or to its inclination.
Fortifying fibre separates and is distributed on the described top surface separatedly, so that the ceramic body zone that possible crackle can be propagated therein minimizes.
Especially, described fortifying fibre can distribute with random fashion, but preferably distributes in an orderly way to form discontinuous net, and its mesh is limited by fortifying fibre itself, and described mesh preferably has the side dimension less than the staple length that limits mesh.
By this way, by using fortifying fibre isolating and that apply easily, method of the present invention can easily be applicable to the conversion of ceramic plate form.
In addition, advantageously described fortifying fibre make ceramic physical efficiency after pressing step immediately the nature linear expansion, and ceramic body can be shunk when roasting, in roasting process specifically, although high temperature, fortifying fibre (particularly steel fiber or carbon fiber) still keeps their mechanical characteristics constant, and they are embedded in the ceramic body and do not contact with airborne oxygen.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, fortifying fibre distributes with the form of a plurality of parallel horizontally-arrangeds with a plurality of parallel vertical rows, and vertical row and horizontally-arranged are crossing forming described discontinuous network, thereby the mesh of this net is a parallelogram shape.
In addition, each vertical row's fortifying fibre preferably is offset with respect to adjacent vertical row's fortifying fibre, the fortifying fibre of each horizontally-arranged similarly is offset with respect to the fortifying fibre of adjacent rows, thereby the mesh of net can have required size arbitrarily, and does not relate to the overlapping of fortifying fibre and be in contact with one another.
According to preferred embodiment, the distance of separating vertical row is constant with the distance of separating horizontally-arranged, and preferred equating, thereby obtains all identical discontinuous network of whole mesh.
Another preferred embodiment according to the present invention, described vertical row and horizontally-arranged tilt to the ceramic plate side, and preferred angle is approximately 45 °.
According to this embodiment, if plate is accepted cutting step, for example after pressing step, the line of cut that then is arranged essentially parallel to the plate side only intersects with fortifying fibre in a limited area, guaranteeing the good quality at final edge, and avoid the problem of ceramic plate stability.
Description of drawings
By read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, with the specification sheets that the mode of non-limiting example provides, further feature and advantage of the present invention will become apparent, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the phantom view according to enhancing ceramic plate of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the side-view of plate among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 a to 3c has schematically shown the series of steps of the manufacture method of plate among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of Fig. 3 b;
Fig. 4 ' is identical with Fig. 4, can select embodiment but show of plate among Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the side-view that is used to form according to the continuously shaped equipment of enhancing ceramic plate of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the vertical view of molding device as shown in Figure 5;
Fig. 7 a to 7d shows the ceramic die in the series of steps in the discontinuous forming process that is used for Fig. 1 ceramic plate;
Fig. 8 is the amplification detail view of Fig. 5;
Embodiment
Strengthen ceramic plate 1, as shown in Figure 1, comprise successive ceramic matrix 2, wherein be combined with fortifying fibre 3.In the example that illustrates especially, described fortifying fibre is the steel wire of straight-line segment, preferably stainless steel; But generally speaking, fortifying fibre can be a resistance than the superior material of ceramic matrix 2 filament of carbon fiber, glass fibre or aramid fiber for example, and differing is decided to be collinear.
As shown in Figure 1, fortifying fibre 3 is distributed in the inside of ceramic matrix, thereby define the pottery between two pure ceramic layers 22 and 21 and the composite bed 20 (also seeing Fig. 2) of fiber, in described composite bed 20, fortifying fibre 3 is located substantially on the same surface, separate and separate, to form a discontinuous net.
By this way, no matter when crackle forms in ceramic plate 1, and it is propagated when running into tensile strength than the higher fortifying fibre 3 of ceramic matrix 2 and is interrupted, thereby prevents ceramic plate 1 splinter.
Shown in special example among Fig. 1, fortifying fibre 3 all is an equal length, and preferably 40mm is between the 100mm, and is same diameter, is preferably 0.3mm between the 0.7mm; In addition, the mesh of the discontinuous network that is limited by fortifying fibre 3 is essentially square.
The side dimension of described mesh is less than the length of fortifying fibre 3, thereby do not exist the crackle can be along propagating the linear basically privileged direction that does not but run into any fortifying fibre 3.
Being used to make the preferred method that aforementioned type strengthens ceramic plate 1 describes in conjunction with Fig. 3 a-3c hereinafter.Described manufacture method comprises the steps:
On stayed surface 11, form the first layer 5 of ceramics powder, its thickness be essentially the soft ceramic body thickness that will form plate 1 half (see Fig. 3 a);
The assembly of distribution fortifying fibre 3 (seeing Fig. 3 b) on the top surface 50 of described the first layer 5;
Cover described fortifying fibre 3, thereby on described the first layer 5, form the second layer 6 of ceramics powder, to obtain comprising the soft ceramic batch of fortifying fibre 3;
Suppress described soft paste material, with powder pressing and obtain the ceramic plate of not roasting;
And the ceramic plate to described not roasting carries out roasting at last, to obtain comprising that inside is combined with the ceramic plate 1 of the continuous ceramic matrix 2 of fortifying fibre 3.
As shown in Figure 4, described manufacture method is included on the surface 50 of the first layer 5 with orderly fashion distribution fortifying fibre 3, and they are separated from one another and separate, to form described discontinuous net.
At length, fortifying fibre 3 along a plurality of parallel longitudinal lines 30 with arrange along a plurality of horizontal parallel lines parallel 31 with the former.
Each vertical row's 30 fortifying fibre 3 is with respect to adjacent row's 30 fiber 3 skews, and is same, and the fiber 3 of each horizontally-arranged 31 is with respect to adjacent row's 31 fiber 3 skews.
In addition, distance P between the vertical row 30 and the distance P between the horizontally-arranged 31 ' be constant, be equal to each other, and less than the length of each fortifying fibre 3, to obtain to have the discontinuous network of square mesh, these mesh all equate, and side edge length is less than the described length of fortifying fibre 3.
Shown in the special example of Fig. 4, vertical row 30 and horizontally-arranged 31 are parallel to the edge of first ceramic layer 5 respectively, thereby are parallel to the edge of the reinforcement plate 1 of manufacturing.But these rows 30 and 31 also can be to the edge tilt of plate 1, and special the angle of inclination can be essentially 45 ° as shown in Fig. 4 ', and its reason will be described hereinafter.
According to first preferred embodiment of this method, as shown in Fig. 5 and 6, strengthen ceramic plate 1 and make by continuously shaped equipment 8.
Shown in molding device 8 schematically comprise: travelling belt 80; The first ceramics powder distribution device 81; The distribution apparatus 82 that is used for fortifying fibre 3; The second ceramics powder distribution device 83; Successive powder pressing device 84; And the last cutting unit 85 in described compaction apparatus 84 downstreams.
In the use, first distribution device 81 is provided for stacking successive first ceramics layer on the upper surface 11 of progressive band 80; Then, the distribution apparatus 82 that is positioned at first distribution device, 81 downstreams will be that identical fortifying fibre 3 is distributed on the top surface 50 of first powder bed 5 all, so that form the discontinuous network that conforms to aforementioned form.
Especially, as shown in Figure 8, vertical row 30 and horizontally-arranged 31 tilt to the side of first ceramics layer 5 with 45 ° angle basically.
In the downstream of distribution apparatus 82, second distribution device 83 is stacked second successive layers 6 of ceramics powder on the surface 50 of the first layer 5, to cover fortifying fibre 3; The described second layer 6 can present pattern effect in body of powder or on its top surface.
In this way, comprise fortifying fibre 3 ceramics powder be with 7 to be formed continuously, and on the travelling belt between the compaction apparatus 84 80, move ahead, 84 pairs of ceramics powders of described compaction apparatus are suppressed with what form compacting and are with 7 '.Described compaction apparatus 84 has been described in European patent application EP 1283097, can be with reference to this application to obtain more details.
At last, compaction band 7 ' is sent to cutting unit 85, and cutting unit 85 is repaired its edges and it is divided into separately the not assembly of roasting plate 9.
Especially, as shown in Figure 8, describedly will be divided into not that the step of roasting plate 9 is along carrying out with being with the vertical line of cut A of 7 ' side with 7 '; Like this, because fortifying fibre 3 distributes along longitudinal wire 30 that tilts to compaction band 7 ' side and x wire 31 as mentioned above, therefore described line of cut A intersects with fortifying fibre 3 in limited area, so that the edge quality of final not roasting plate 9 is fine, and does not damage its stability.
When cutting step stopped, roasting plate 9 can finally not modified, and can use ceramic die to carry out further pressing step at drying and the calcination steps of accepting routine with before obtaining final intensified ceramic plate 1.
Behind cutting step, the edge of plate 1 can smoothed and polishing.
According to alternate embodiments, shown in Fig. 7 a to 7d, make enhancing ceramic plate 1 by the digital process of using conventional ceramic mould 10.
Described mould 10 comprises the template 100 with die cavity 101, and the bottom of die cavity 101 is by removable counterdie 102 closures, and removable patrix 103 vertically aligns with removable counterdie 102.
Common removable loading tray (not shown) can be united with mould 10, to discharge the ceramic powder materials to die cavity 101 inside.
In the use, usually make circulation and start from when the upper surface 11 of the counterdie 102 of mould 10 and template 100 top coplanes.
At this moment, loading tray is advanced to die cavity 101 tops; Subsequently, as shown in Fig. 7 a, half the distance of soft ceramic body thickness that counterdie 102 descends and is substantially equal to be used for to form plate 1, thus first ceramics layer 5 descends to fill die cavity 101, contacts with the surface 11 of counterdie 102.
After this step, loading tray is recalled, and with to previous embodiment in similar mode is described, fortifying fibre 3 is distributed on the top surface 50 of the first layer 5 (seeing Fig. 7 b).
At this moment, loading tray advances once more, and as shown in Fig. 7 c, counterdie 12 descends once more, makes second ceramics layer 6 descend to cover fortifying fibre 3.
(see Fig. 7 d) at last, patrix 103 descends with the soft ceramic body of compacting, thereby obtains not roasting plate 9, subsequently, this not roasting plate 9 in kiln, carry out can accepting common additional step before dry and the roasting, for example decorate or repair.
Claims (42)
1. an enhanced ceramic plate is characterized in that, this enhanced ceramic plate comprises that inside is combined with the continuous ceramic matrix (2) of fortifying fibre (3), and the resistance of this fortifying fibre (3) is better than the resistance of ceramic matrix itself.
2. ceramic plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the tensile strength of fortifying fibre (3) is higher than ceramic matrix (2).
3. ceramic plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, fortifying fibre (3) is distributed in the inside of ceramic matrix (2), is positioned at least one pottery and composite bed (20) of fiber between two pure ceramic layers (21,22) with formation.
4. ceramic plate as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, in composite bed (20), fortifying fibre with basically in same plane, separate and mode at interval distributes.
5. ceramic plate as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that described plane is arranged essentially parallel to the surface of ceramic plate (1).
6. ceramic plate as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that described plane is to the surface tilt of ceramic plate (1).
7. ceramic plate as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, fortifying fibre (3) is with form distribution at random.
8. ceramic plate as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, fortifying fibre (3) distributes with orderly fashion, and to form discontinuous net, its mesh is limited by fortifying fibre (3).
9. ceramic plate as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the side edge length of the mesh of net is less than the length of the fortifying fibre (3) that limits mesh.
10. ceramic plate as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the mesh of net is a parallelogram shape.
11. ceramic plate as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, the mesh of net all equates basically.
12. ceramic plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described fortifying fibre (3) is a steel fiber.
13. ceramic plate as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that, described steel fiber (3) is linear steel wire section.
14. ceramic plate as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, the diameter of described steel wire section is between 0.3mm and 0.7mm.
15. ceramic plate as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, the length of steel wire section is between 20mm and 200mm.
16. ceramic plate as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, the length of steel wire section is between 40mm and 100mm.
17. ceramic plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described fortifying fibre (3) is selected from the group that comprises carbon fiber, aramid fiber and glass fibre.
18. a manufacture method that is used to make according to the enhancing ceramic plate (1) of claim 1 is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
A) go up formation first ceramics layer (5) at stayed surface (11);
B) assembly of distribution fortifying fibre (3) on a zone of the top surface (50) of described first ceramics layer (5) at least;
C) cover fortifying fibre, form at least the second ceramics layer (6) to go up, so that obtain comprising the soft ceramic batch with desired thickness of fortifying fibre at described the first layer (5);
D) the described soft paste material of compacting is with compacted powder and obtain the ceramic plate of not roasting;
E) ceramic plate to described not roasting carries out roasting, to obtain to comprise the ceramic plate (1) of the continuous ceramic matrix (2) that is combined with fortifying fibre (3).
19. method as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, step c) by repeating step a) and b) implement, to obtain to comprise the soft paste material of a plurality of ceramics layers, wherein fortifying fibre (3) inserts between described a plurality of ceramics layers.
20. method as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, fortifying fibre (3) is distributed on the entire top surface (50) of first ceramics layer (5).
21. method as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, the top surface (50) of the first layer (5) is a plane surface.
22. method as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that, described top surface (50) is parallel to the stayed surface (11) that forms first ceramics layer (5) thereon.
23. method as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that, described top surface (50) tilts to stayed surface (11).
24. method as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, the fortifying fibre of described each assembly (3) is to separate and distribution separatedly.
25. method as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, fortifying fibre (3) distributes with random fashion.
26. method as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, fortifying fibre (3) distributes to form discontinuous net with orderly fashion, and its mesh is limited by fortifying fibre (3).
27. method as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that, the mesh side edge length of discontinuous network is less than the length of the fortifying fibre (3) that limits mesh.
28. method as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that, fortifying fibre (3) is distributed as a plurality of parallel vertical rows (30) and a plurality of parallel horizontally-arranged (31) that tilts with respect to vertical row (30).
29. method as claimed in claim 28, it is characterized in that, each vertical row's (30) fortifying fibre (3) is with respect to adjacent vertical row's (30) fortifying fibre (3) skew, and the fortifying fibre (3) of each horizontally-arranged (31) is with respect to fortifying fibre (3) skew of adjacent rows (31).
30. method as claimed in claim 28 is characterized in that, described vertical row (30) separates with constant distance (P), and is same, and horizontally-arranged (31) separates with constant distance (P ').
31. method as claimed in claim 30 is characterized in that, separates vertical row's (30) distance (P) and the distance of separation horizontally-arranged (31) (P ') and equates.
32. method as claimed in claim 28 is characterized in that, described vertical row (30) and horizontally-arranged (31) tilt to the side of ceramic plate (1).
33. method as claimed in claim 32 is characterized in that, described vertical row (30) and horizontally-arranged (31) tilt with 45 ° of sides to ceramic plate (1) basically.
34. method as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, the stayed surface (11) that forms first ceramics layer (5) thereon is the translation surface.
35. method as claimed in claim 34 is characterized in that, described stayed surface (11) in the vertical direction translation.
36. method as claimed in claim 34 is characterized in that, described stayed surface (11) translation in the horizontal direction.
37. method as claimed in claim 35 is characterized in that, described stayed surface (11) is limited by the upper surface of the counterdie (102) of ceramic die (10).
38. method as claimed in claim 36 is characterized in that, described stayed surface (11) is limited by the travelling belt (80) of continuous pressing device.
39. method as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, the not modification step of roasting plate is arranged after step c).
40. method as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, the not step of the compacting second time of roasting plate is arranged after step c).
41. method as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, has to cut the not step of roasting plate after step c).
42. method as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, has the edge of pair ceramic plate (1) to carry out step level and smooth and polishing after step d).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT000030A ITRE20050030A1 (en) | 2005-03-24 | 2005-03-24 | CERAMIC SHEET PERFORMED FOR COVERINGS AND METHOD FOR ITS MANUFACTURE |
| ITRE2005A000030 | 2005-03-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101142153A true CN101142153A (en) | 2008-03-12 |
Family
ID=35709214
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2005800491144A Pending CN101142153A (en) | 2005-03-24 | 2005-11-16 | Improved ceramic slab for facings, and method for its manufacture |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1866261B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101142153A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE406339T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE602005009407D1 (en) |
| IT (1) | ITRE20050030A1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT1866261E (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2007134248A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006099894A1 (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101717268A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-06-02 | 上海美标陶瓷有限公司 | Blank for mending ceramic paste preforms and preparation method and mending process thereof |
| CN102001124A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2011-04-06 | 徐平 | Ceramic sheet cascading, dry-pressing and forming device and use method thereof |
| CN103874564A (en) * | 2011-10-07 | 2014-06-18 | 萨克米伊莫拉机械合作社合作公司 | Device and method for processing a layer of powder material |
| CN105818256A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-08-03 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 | Ceramic press powder grating and ceramic brick forming system and production line using same |
| CN102186790B (en) * | 2008-10-17 | 2016-08-24 | Bsh家用电器有限公司 | Sheet material and the method being used for manufacturing sheet material |
| CN108025453A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2018-05-11 | ***股份公司 | Feedway for press |
| CN109476037A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2019-03-15 | 萨克米伊莫拉机械合作社合作公司 | Machine and method for compacting ceramic powders |
| CN109890585A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2019-06-14 | 萨克米伊莫拉机械合作社合作公司 | Machine and method for compacted powder material |
| CN112358227A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-12 | 佛山市山有海科技有限公司 | Rock plate reinforcing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN113905862A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2022-01-07 | ***陶瓷股份公司 | Method for producing ceramic slabs or tiles |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITMO20070231A1 (en) * | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-11 | System Spa | PROCESS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF SOLAR PANELS. |
| ITPD20110104A1 (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2012-10-08 | Cooperativa Ceramica D Imola S C | PROCEDURE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF CERAMIC SHEETS OF LARGE SIZE |
| DE102016118754A1 (en) * | 2016-10-04 | 2018-04-05 | Christoph Theißen | Ceramic composite panel |
| IT202100011354A1 (en) * | 2021-05-04 | 2022-11-04 | Sacmi Tech S P A | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR FINISHING PRODUCTS OF COMPACTED CERAMIC POWDER |
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| GB1536663A (en) * | 1975-10-28 | 1978-12-20 | Cape Boards & Panels Ltd | Fibre-reinforced articles |
| EP0024360A1 (en) * | 1979-08-16 | 1981-03-04 | Rütgerswerke Aktiengesellschaft | Cladding element for façade surfaces |
| BE896126A (en) * | 1983-03-10 | 1983-07-01 | Eurosteel Sa | Reinforced industrial floors made of concrete - which contains reinforcing fibres, so continuous floors can be laid free from shrinkage grooves |
| DE4002601C2 (en) * | 1990-01-30 | 2002-08-29 | Krueger & Schuette Kerapid | Prefabricated, transportable, self-supporting component such as plate, wall or molded part |
| JP2736374B2 (en) * | 1991-10-07 | 1998-04-02 | 三重アサノコンクリート株式会社 | Method for joining and integrating dissimilar materials and method for producing concrete with surface finishing layer using the same |
| BE1009314A3 (en) * | 1995-04-10 | 1997-02-04 | Bekaert Sa Nv | Making a continuous floor construction. |
| JPH11100939A (en) * | 1997-09-26 | 1999-04-13 | Yoshikawa Kaiji Kogyo Kk | Reinforced concrete or reinforced concrete slab and fiber strip to be used therefor |
| CA2494853C (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2010-05-25 | Toncelli, Dario | Process for the manufacture of slabs and panels of ceramic material and product obtained therefrom |
| ITRE20030015A1 (en) * | 2003-02-17 | 2004-08-18 | Sacmi | "METHOD AND PLANT FOR THE FORMING OF CERAMIC TILES OR SLABS" |
-
2005
- 2005-03-24 IT IT000030A patent/ITRE20050030A1/en unknown
- 2005-11-16 DE DE602005009407T patent/DE602005009407D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-11-16 CN CNA2005800491144A patent/CN101142153A/en active Pending
- 2005-11-16 AT AT05807609T patent/ATE406339T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-11-16 WO PCT/EP2005/012364 patent/WO2006099894A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2005-11-16 RU RU2007134248/04A patent/RU2007134248A/en unknown
- 2005-11-16 EP EP05807609A patent/EP1866261B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-11-16 PT PT05807609T patent/PT1866261E/en unknown
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| CN102001124A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2011-04-06 | 徐平 | Ceramic sheet cascading, dry-pressing and forming device and use method thereof |
| CN103874564A (en) * | 2011-10-07 | 2014-06-18 | 萨克米伊莫拉机械合作社合作公司 | Device and method for processing a layer of powder material |
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| CN105818256A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-08-03 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 | Ceramic press powder grating and ceramic brick forming system and production line using same |
| CN109476037A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2019-03-15 | 萨克米伊莫拉机械合作社合作公司 | Machine and method for compacting ceramic powders |
| US11084184B2 (en) | 2016-06-13 | 2021-08-10 | Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Societa' Cooperativa | Machine and method for compacting ceramic powder |
| CN109890585A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2019-06-14 | 萨克米伊莫拉机械合作社合作公司 | Machine and method for compacted powder material |
| CN113905862A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2022-01-07 | ***陶瓷股份公司 | Method for producing ceramic slabs or tiles |
| CN113905862B (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2023-08-25 | ***陶瓷股份公司 | Method for producing ceramic plates or tiles |
| CN112358227A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-12 | 佛山市山有海科技有限公司 | Rock plate reinforcing agent and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE406339T1 (en) | 2008-09-15 |
| WO2006099894A1 (en) | 2006-09-28 |
| EP1866261B1 (en) | 2008-08-27 |
| EP1866261A1 (en) | 2007-12-19 |
| ITRE20050030A1 (en) | 2006-09-25 |
| DE602005009407D1 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
| PT1866261E (en) | 2008-10-28 |
| RU2007134248A (en) | 2009-04-27 |
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