CN101119084A - Solar energy light-collecting battery - Google Patents

Solar energy light-collecting battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101119084A
CN101119084A CNA2006100297263A CN200610029726A CN101119084A CN 101119084 A CN101119084 A CN 101119084A CN A2006100297263 A CNA2006100297263 A CN A2006100297263A CN 200610029726 A CN200610029726 A CN 200610029726A CN 101119084 A CN101119084 A CN 101119084A
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China
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silicon photocell
concentrator
plate
solar energy
little silicon
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CNA2006100297263A
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Chinese (zh)
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邓运明
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Abstract

The invention provides a solar energy light converging cell, including an optical collector, a small silicon photocell and an automatic sunlight tracker. The optical collector converge the sunlight on the small silicon photocell. The automatic sunlight tracker can follow the sun automatically to ensure the permanent vertical incidence of the sunlight into the Fresnel lens array, the optical collector and the small silicon photocell panel rotate with the rotating of the automatic tracker. Through an optical collector, the invention converge the sunlight on the small silicon photocell panel, thereby greatly reducing the area of the light-electricity converting element and using the electricity generating capacity of the photocell panel sufficiently, so as to deduce the system cost.

Description

Solar energy light-collecting battery
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device of solar generating, relate in particular to a kind of solar energy light-collecting battery.
Background technology
Solar power generation is widely used in family and industrial and agricultural production, is a kind of real green energy resource.Now general with photovoltaic cell module as the device that luminous energy is changed into electric energy, the silicon photocell plate made of the more silicon materials of present usefulness for example, the novel photoelectric pond plate of also useful other materials and new technology development etc.But owing to be in great demand, its price can be in any more, has hindered the penetration and promotion of solar power generation.
The factor that influences the solar power generation popularization is many-sided.For domestic system, its measurement index is the fund of input electricity generation system and the ratio of the electric energy of acquisition.The price of for example every kilowatt hour electric energy if its price is higher than the power supply price in general power plant, just is difficult to promote.The transformation efficiency of present electrooptical device is about 10-30%, and price is higher; In addition, general Salar light-gathering lens are difficult to do very greatly, and it is just very high to have done greatly cost.Above factor has limited the promotion and application of device of solar generating.
It is 1-2 standard sun light intensity (1000w/m doubly that general silicon photocell is subjected to luminous energy power 2), other ordinary silicon photocell also being arranged because the negative pole grid line is closeer relatively, it is subjected to luminous energy power to surpass 2 times, but its efficient begins rapid decline during to 3 times.
The optically focused silicon photocell that special making is also arranged, can under the light intensity about 20 times, work, it is characterized in that managing to reduce the series resistance of battery inherence, as doing the upper surface gate electrode closeer, live width is smaller as far as possible, with the series resistance that reduces to cause owing to sheet resistance, but, require just can meet the demands with vacuum evaporation process and photoetching process as its upper surface gate electrode owing to have than big difference with existing ordinary silicon photocell production technology, cost is very high, is difficult to promote.
Present silicon photocell module as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, generally form by silicon photocell plate 11, toughened glass 12 and sealed plastic plate 13, the silicon photocell plate 11 that polylith is square closely be arranged in one square, and be encapsulated between a transparent toughened glass 12 and the plastic plate sealing together 13.The shortcoming of this silicon photocell module is that the silicon photocell consumption is more, thereby cost is very high.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems referred to above that prior art exists, and the solar energy light-collecting battery that a kind of cost is low, efficient is high is provided.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of solar energy light-collecting battery, comprise concentrator, little silicon photocell plate and solar automatic tracking device, described concentrator, little silicon photocell plate link to each other with solar automatic tracking device upper and lower settings and fixed order, concentrator converges in sunlight on the little silicon photocell plate, solar automatic tracking device can be from the motion tracking sun so that sunlight vertical incidence concentrator all the time, concentrator and little silicon photocell plate are followed the rotation of solar automatic tracking device and are rotated.
Described concentrator can be sphere collector lens, cylinder collector lens, Fresnel Lenses, curved reflector or the reflection mirror array be made up of a plurality of planes.
Described little silicon photocell plate is meant that area is not more than 30 square centimeters fritter monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon photocell.
Described little silicon photocell plate is to cut rectangular tiles or the disk that forms by the ordinary silicon photovoltaic cell module.
Described little silicon photocell plate is a fritter silicon photocell of directly making moulding.
The back side of described little silicon photocell plate can make back of the body electric field.
The upper surface gate electrode spacing of described little silicon photocell plate is the 0.5-4 millimeter, and the gate electrode live width is the 0.01-0.2 millimeter.
The upper surface electrode of described little silicon photocell plate can replace part or all of gate electrode with nesa coating, and when replacing the part gate electrode with nesa coating, electrode spacing can be relaxed to 5 millimeters.
Described little silicon photocell plate is encapsulated between a toughened glass and plastic plate or the metallic heat radiating plate, the lower surface of little silicon photocell plate directly or by one deck heat-conducting insulation material is connected with a metal fin indirectly, when direct connection sheet metal fin, this metal fin can be used as a utmost point of battery.
Described concentrator and little silicon photocell plate can adopt a plurality of composition arrays, and the series connection back was in parallel earlier when a plurality of little silicon photocell plates were formed array, can add the diode that forward is connected between each series connection group and bus in parallel; A plurality of little silicon photocell plates can be distinguished encapsulation separately, also can be packaged into integral body together; The lower surface of a plurality of little silicon photocell plates can be provided with the little metal fin of polylith respectively, also can unify to be provided with a big metal fin; When a plurality of concentrators are formed array, can be according to the kind difference that adopts concentrator, adopt metal framework to connect respectively or the method that sticks with glue knot is connected and fixed.
The present invention impinges upon solar energy on the little silicon photocell plate by a concentrator with converging, has significantly reduced the area of electrooptical device, has made full use of the generating capacity of photovoltaic cell module, thereby has reduced the cost of system.
Figure 3 shows that the equivalent electric circuit of silicon photocell S, its battery equation is as follows:
I = I L - I 0 { cxp [ e ( V + IR S ) AKT ] - 1 } - V R SH
Each symbol is defined as follows in the formula:
A-arbitrary curve fitting constant, it is worth between 1-5;
R SThe series resistance of-battery;
R SHThe parallel resistance of-battery;
The output current of I-battery;
I L-photogenerated current;
I O-diode saturation current;
The e-electron charge;
The terminal voltage of V-battery;
The K-Boltzmann constant;
T-absolute temperature.
According to the equivalent electric circuit of silicon photocell, parallel resistance R under a standard sun light intensity usually SHValue very big, and series resistance R SValue changes very little with light intensity.So V/R in the aforesaid equation SHCan ignore for one.
But under the optically focused condition, parallel resistance R SHValue can sharply descend owing to the surge of photoproduction minority carrier quantum count in the P-N knot, thereby the output current of battery is reduced.This deduction can be by following 5 experiment confirms:
Experiment one: the silicon photocell of common 125mm * 125mm is under a sunlight, and its output voltage is 0.55V, and output current is 4A, and power output is 2.2W.Under 10 times of optically focused conditions, its output voltage is 0.6V, and output current is 8.5A, and power output is 5.1W, and power output is brought up to 2.3 times.
Experiment two: the silicon photocell of common 125mm * 125mm is cut into the fritter battery of 31mm * 31mm, 4 series connection, under a sunlight, its output voltage is 2.2V, and output current is 0.29A, and power output is 0.64W.Under 10 times of optically focused conditions, its output voltage is 2.4V, and output current is 2.25A, and power output is 5.4W, and power output is brought up to 8.4 times.
Experiment three: with 4 parallel connections of above fritter battery, under a sunlight, its output voltage is 0.55V, and output current is 1.14A, and power output is 0.63W.Under 10 times of optically focused conditions, its output voltage is 0.61V, and output current is 2.7A, and power output is 1.65W, and power output is brought up to 2.7 times.
Experiment four: above fritter battery is cut into the fritter battery of 7.75mm * 31mm again, and with its series connection, under a sunlight, its output voltage is 2.2V, and output current is 0.07A, and power output is 0.15W.Under 10 times of optically focused conditions, its output voltage is 2.4V, and output current is 0.63A, and power output is 1.5W, and power output is brought up to 10 times.
Experiment five: will test four series-connected cell sheet, under 20 times of optically focused conditions, its output voltage is 2.4V, and output current is 0.95A, and power output is 2.3W, and power output is brought up to 15 times.
By above five experiments, confirm that the ordinary silicon photocell is under the high power concentrator condition, its parallel resistance can sharply reduce, and ordinary silicon photocell (size 103mm * 103mm, 125mm * 125mm, 152mm * 152mm) can regard the parallel connection of polylith small size battery as, so, can increase its parallel resistance, at this moment just can be used under the optically focused condition as long as large-sized battery is cut into small pieces, size is more little, and the light concentrating times of tolerance is big more.For the ordinary silicon photocell (as grating spacing 2mm, 3mm etc.) of different upper surface gate electrode density, experiment shows that the relative efficiency under high light intensity that upper surface gate electrode density is big is higher.
Further experiment shows, the ordinary silicon photocell that ordinary silicon photocell of making for polysilicon and monocrystalline silicon are made has above same experimental result.
And the wider range that allows for the resistivity of making photronic silicon materials, the scope that allows for the surperficial square resistance of P/N knot is broad also, and these parameters can be the same with the ordinary silicon photocell.
In addition, under same light concentrating times, the concentrator cell size is more little, and is favourable more to heat radiation, but unfavorable more for being packaged into the concentrator cell assembly.After weighing the advantages and disadvantages, get 10 times of optically focused conditions, ordinary silicon photocell (125mm * 125mm) be cut into 16 little side's sheets to be advisable with a slice, the corresponding concentrator of each little side's sheet, as long as the hot spot that converges of concentrator drops on little side's sheet battery,, power output there is not influence substantially if hot spot is more a little bit smaller than little side's sheet cell area, if hot spot than little side's sheet cell area more greatly, power output can corresponding reduction.In this case, power output is as testing as described in two, and efficient is approximately 8.4 times.If the solar tracking system precision is higher, also 1/16 small pieces can be cut into 2 again, become 1/32 small pieces, these 2 series connection, its efficient rises to 10 times, is a kind of comparatively ideal state.
The corresponding a slice concentrator of each baby battery sheet, this is not high to the uniformity requirement that converges hot spot, and is insensitive to converging the hot spot off-center yet.If corresponding concentrator of four small pieces battery series component that cuts into according to experiment three method, then the inhomogeneities of optically focused hot spot will have a strong impact on electric current output, if at this moment will test little side's sheet that four described small pieces make 15.5mm * 15.5mm into, corresponding concentrator of generous group that four little side's sheet batteries like this are composed in series, it is insensitive then concentrator to be converged the inhomogeneities of hot spot, but still to hot spot off-center position sensing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of prior art solar energy light-collecting battery;
Fig. 2 is the structure vertical view of concentrator cell shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the equivalent circuit diagram of silicon photocell;
Fig. 4 is the existing photronic structural representation of 125 * 125mm ordinary silicon;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of 31 * 31mm baby battery sheet of being cut into by silicon photocell shown in Figure 4;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of solar energy light-collecting battery one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of concentrator cell shown in Figure 6;
Fig. 8 is the mechanical connecting structure schematic diagram of concentrator cell shown in Figure 6;
Fig. 9 is the vertical view of mechanical connecting structure shown in Figure 8.
Embodiment
Solar energy light-collecting battery of the present invention, the comparatively single concentrator cell that can form by single concentrator, single little silicon photocell plate and solar automatic tracking device, the also concentrator array that can form by a plurality of concentrators, little silicon photocell plate array and modularized integrated concentrator cell that solar automatic tracking device is formed that a plurality of little silicon photocell plate is formed.Concentrator converges in sunlight on the little silicon photocell plate, solar automatic tracking device can be from the motion tracking sun so that sunlight vertical incidence concentrator all the time, concentrator and little silicon photocell plate are followed the rotation of solar automatic tracking device and are rotated.Concentrator wherein can be sphere collector lens, cylinder collector lens, Fresnel Lenses (comprising the cylinder Fresnel Lenses), curved reflector (for example spherical reflector and parabolic reflector) or reflection mirror array of being made up of a plurality of planes etc.Little silicon photocell plate wherein is meant that area is not more than 30 square centimeters fritter monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon photocell.It can be to cut rectangular tiles or the disk that forms by the ordinary silicon photovoltaic cell module.It also can be the fritter silicon photocell of directly making moulding.Be cut into the square fritter (as shown in Figure 5) of 31mm * 31mm as silicon photocell piece (as shown in Figure 4), the perhaps rectangular tiles of 15.5 * 31mm, the perhaps disk of diameter 30mm etc. by 125mm * 125mm commonly used.Shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5,31 is upper surface main electrode line, and 32 is the upper surface grid line.The back side of little silicon photocell plate can make or not make back of the body electric field, and the upper surface gate electrode spacing of little silicon photocell plate is the 0.5-4 millimeter, and the gate electrode live width is the 0.01-0.2 millimeter.The upper surface electrode of little silicon photocell plate can replace part or all of gate electrode with nesa coating, and when replacing the part gate electrode with nesa coating, electrode spacing can be relaxed to 5 millimeters.Little silicon photocell plate is encapsulated between a toughened glass and plastic plate or the metal fin, the lower surface of little silicon photocell plate can connect a metal fin directly or indirectly, when direct connection sheet metal fin, this metal fin can be used as a utmost point of battery.
Referring to Fig. 6, cooperation is referring to Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, solar energy light-collecting battery of the present invention is generally made modularized integrated concentrator cell, and it comprises the concentrator array of being made by a plurality of Fresnel Lenses 21, little silicon photocell plate array 22 and solar automatic tracking device (not illustrating).Concentrator array 21, little silicon photocell plate array 22 link to each other with solar automatic tracking device upper and lower settings and fixed order, solar automatic tracking device can be from the motion tracking sun so that sunlight vertical incidence concentrator array all the time, concentrator array and photovoltaic cell module array are followed the rotation of solar automatic tracking device and are rotated.Concentrator array among the present invention and little silicon photocell plate array can be the array of 2 * 4 arrays or 3 * 6 arrays or other form, and Fig. 6 is to 2 * 4 arrays that are embodiment illustrated in fig. 9.
Concentrator array 21 is made up of at least two (present embodiment is 8) concentrators 211, and little silicon photocell plate array 22 is made up of the little silicon photocell plate 221 identical with concentrator quantity.Little silicon photocell plate in concentrator in the concentrator array 21 and the little silicon photocell plate array 22 is corresponding one by one to be provided with, and each little silicon photocell plate 221 lays respectively on the optically focused hot spot of each concentrator 211.The series connection back is in parallel earlier when connecting into array for all little silicon photocell plates of forming little silicon photocell plate array, can add the diode that forward is connected between each series connection group and bus in parallel.
All little silicon photocell plates 221 of forming little silicon photocell plate array 22 all are encapsulated between a toughened glass 23 and one deck plastic plate (or a heat-dissipating metal sheet) 24, each little silicon photocell plate 221 lays respectively on the optically focused hot spot of each concentrator, and all less than the caustic surface area of each concentrator 211, the caustic surface of each concentrator can cover each little silicon photocell plate to the area of each little silicon photocell plate 221 fully.When adopting heat-dissipating metal sheet, isolate with insulating barrier between heat-dissipating metal sheet and the little silicon photocell plate array, make with resin vacuum hotpressings such as EVA and cohere sealing up and down.The present invention also can directly or by one deck heat-conducting insulation material connect a little heat-dissipating metal sheet respectively indirectly at the lower surface of each little silicon photocell plate of forming little silicon photocell plate array, when direct connection heat-dissipating metal sheet, little heat-dissipating metal sheet such as aluminium sheet can be used as a utmost point of cell panel, and the heat that is beneficial on the silicon chip is delivered on the big heat-dissipating metal sheet surface fast.Adopt this method, under 10 times of optically focused conditions, do not need to force cooling.
Each concentrator 211 among the present invention is closely aligned forms a square concentrator array 21 together.The face type of each concentrator can make the light spot energy that converges on each little silicon photocell plate 221 even, and the area of each concentrator is greater than 4 times of each little silicon photocell plate area.Can be connected and fixed as Fig. 8, use metal framework 31 shown in Figure 9 between each concentrator 211 of composition concentrator array 21.Also each concentrator all can be fixed on the higher toughened glass of a bulk strength.
Solar energy light-collecting battery of the present invention can make existing silicon light cost of electricity-generating reduce more than 70%.

Claims (10)

1. solar energy light-collecting battery, it is characterized in that: comprise concentrator, little silicon photocell plate and solar automatic tracking device, described concentrator, little silicon photocell plate link to each other with solar automatic tracking device upper and lower settings and fixed order, concentrator converges in sunlight on the little silicon photocell plate, solar automatic tracking device can be from the motion tracking sun so that sunlight vertical incidence concentrator all the time, concentrator and little silicon photocell plate are followed the rotation of solar automatic tracking device and are rotated.
2. solar energy light-collecting battery as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described concentrator can be sphere collector lens, cylinder collector lens, Fresnel Lenses, curved reflector or the reflection mirror array be made up of a plurality of planes.
3. solar energy light-collecting battery as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described little silicon photocell plate is meant that area is not more than 30 square centimeters fritter monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon photocell.
4. solar energy light-collecting battery as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described little silicon photocell plate is to cut rectangular tiles or the disk that forms by the ordinary silicon photovoltaic cell module.
5. solar energy light-collecting battery as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described little silicon photocell plate is a fritter silicon photocell of directly making moulding.
6. solar energy light-collecting battery as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the back side of described little silicon photocell plate can make back of the body electric field.
7. solar energy light-collecting battery as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the upper surface gate electrode spacing of described little silicon photocell plate is the 0.5-4 millimeter, and the gate electrode live width is the 0.01-0.2 millimeter.
8. solar energy light-collecting battery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the upper surface electrode of described little silicon photocell plate can replace part or all of gate electrode with nesa coating, when replacing the part gate electrode with nesa coating, electrode spacing can be relaxed to 5 millimeters.
9. solar energy light-collecting battery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described little silicon photocell plate is encapsulated between a toughened glass and plastic plate or the metallic heat radiating plate, the lower surface of little silicon photocell plate directly or by one deck heat-conducting insulation material is connected with a metal fin indirectly, when direct connection sheet metal fin, this metal fin can be used as a utmost point of battery.
10. as claim 1 or 9 described solar energy light-collecting batteries, it is characterized in that: described concentrator and little silicon photocell plate can adopt a plurality of composition arrays, the series connection back was in parallel earlier when a plurality of little silicon photocell plates were formed array, can add the diode that forward is connected between each series connection group and bus in parallel; A plurality of little silicon photocell plates can be distinguished encapsulation separately, also can be packaged into integral body together; The lower surface of a plurality of little silicon photocell plates can be provided with the little metal fin of polylith respectively, also can unify to be provided with a big metal fin; When a plurality of concentrators are formed array, can be according to the kind difference that adopts concentrator, adopt metal framework to connect respectively or the method that sticks with glue knot is connected and fixed.
CNA2006100297263A 2006-08-03 2006-08-03 Solar energy light-collecting battery Pending CN101119084A (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102436266A (en) * 2011-11-15 2012-05-02 华中科技大学 Focusing system possessing brand new and simple tracking system
CN102664211A (en) * 2012-05-27 2012-09-12 成都聚合科技有限公司 Enhanced type heavy-current-resistant condensation photovoltaic cell
CN102945867A (en) * 2012-10-22 2013-02-27 国电科技环保集团股份有限公司 Photovoltaic cell for receiving circular light spots and preparation method thereof
CN106653885A (en) * 2017-03-07 2017-05-10 成都聚合科技有限公司 Square high-current-resistant concentrated photovoltaic battery chip
CN106684171A (en) * 2017-03-07 2017-05-17 成都聚合科技有限公司 Dual I-section type large current resistant concentrating photovoltaic battery chip
CN106684170A (en) * 2017-03-07 2017-05-17 成都聚合科技有限公司 Hollow-square high-current-resistant concentrator photovoltaic battery chip
CN106684169A (en) * 2017-03-07 2017-05-17 成都聚合科技有限公司 Single-I-type high-current-resistant concentrating photovoltaic battery chip
CN106684168A (en) * 2017-03-07 2017-05-17 成都聚合科技有限公司 L-type large current resistant concentrating photovoltaic cell chip
CN106847948A (en) * 2017-03-07 2017-06-13 成都聚合科技有限公司 A kind of pair of resistance to high current Condensation photovoltaic battery chip of I types
CN108494359A (en) * 2018-05-28 2018-09-04 北京民利储能技术有限公司 A kind of solar electrical energy generation module and power generator of high optically focused

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102436266A (en) * 2011-11-15 2012-05-02 华中科技大学 Focusing system possessing brand new and simple tracking system
CN102664211A (en) * 2012-05-27 2012-09-12 成都聚合科技有限公司 Enhanced type heavy-current-resistant condensation photovoltaic cell
CN102945867A (en) * 2012-10-22 2013-02-27 国电科技环保集团股份有限公司 Photovoltaic cell for receiving circular light spots and preparation method thereof
CN106653885A (en) * 2017-03-07 2017-05-10 成都聚合科技有限公司 Square high-current-resistant concentrated photovoltaic battery chip
CN106684171A (en) * 2017-03-07 2017-05-17 成都聚合科技有限公司 Dual I-section type large current resistant concentrating photovoltaic battery chip
CN106684170A (en) * 2017-03-07 2017-05-17 成都聚合科技有限公司 Hollow-square high-current-resistant concentrator photovoltaic battery chip
CN106684169A (en) * 2017-03-07 2017-05-17 成都聚合科技有限公司 Single-I-type high-current-resistant concentrating photovoltaic battery chip
CN106684168A (en) * 2017-03-07 2017-05-17 成都聚合科技有限公司 L-type large current resistant concentrating photovoltaic cell chip
CN106847948A (en) * 2017-03-07 2017-06-13 成都聚合科技有限公司 A kind of pair of resistance to high current Condensation photovoltaic battery chip of I types
CN108494359A (en) * 2018-05-28 2018-09-04 北京民利储能技术有限公司 A kind of solar electrical energy generation module and power generator of high optically focused
CN108494359B (en) * 2018-05-28 2023-08-29 北京民利储能技术有限公司 High-concentration solar power generation module and power generation device

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Application publication date: 20080206