CN101091921A - Method for preparing oxidation catalyst of cyclopropene - Google Patents
Method for preparing oxidation catalyst of cyclopropene Download PDFInfo
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- CN101091921A CN101091921A CNA2006100279123A CN200610027912A CN101091921A CN 101091921 A CN101091921 A CN 101091921A CN A2006100279123 A CNA2006100279123 A CN A2006100279123A CN 200610027912 A CN200610027912 A CN 200610027912A CN 101091921 A CN101091921 A CN 101091921A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method for propylene epoxidation catalyst, which solves the questions that the propylene epoxidation catalyst is easy to produce other titanium outside the skeleton in the former technology, reducing the use rate of ultra-oxygen compound, reducing the relatively content of component with active titanium in the activator in the molding process, covering titanium active center, and reducing effect of activator. The invention uses molding oxidation silicon as carrier then putting titanium into the organic solvent; lastly adopting the scheme about water vapour and organic silicon to solve the problem, which can be used in epoxypropane propane industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of oxidation catalyst of cyclopropene.
Background technology
Expoxy propane is important basic chemical industry raw material, is the third-largest organic chemical industry's product that output is only second to polypropylene and acrylonitrile in the acryloyl derivative.Chlorohydrination and conjugated oxidation (Halcon method) are the main method of present industrial production PO.These two kinds of methods account for more than 99% of world's total productive capacity, and wherein conjugated oxidation surpasses about 60%.
Chlorohydrination is a raw material with propylene and chlorine, and flow process is shorter, technical maturity, operational load elasticity is big, product selectivity is good, yield is high, produce safer, less demanding to raw material propylene purity, small investment.Disadvantage is that equipment is had corrosion, produces in the production and contains the waste water of calcium chloride, and consume a large amount of chlorine.Domestic each production of propylene oxide enterprise all adopts this method at present.Conjugated oxidation has been that the conjugated oxidation of raw material has been obtained development rapidly with iso-butane or ethylbenzene, and has become one of key industry method of present production expoxy propane since 1969 realize industrialization.The advantage of this method is the pollution that overcome chlorohydrination, corrode and need shortcomings such as chlorine resource; Shortcoming is a long flow path, investment is big, the co-product amount is big, makes the production of expoxy propane be subjected to the restriction in joint product market.
As everyone knows, titaniferous porous silica material has good catalytic activity to the selective oxidation of hydro carbons, can be as the catalyst of propylene to prepare epoxy propane.
Disclosing with unformed silica in EP0345856 and US4367342 is carrier, preparation TiO
2/ SiO
2The method of catalyst: at first, be carrier, in inert atmosphere, feed TiCl with the silica of drying
4Gas, reaction temperature is greater than 130 ℃.Then, pass through following processing successively: roasting under 500～700 ℃ the condition, hydrolysis under 150～400 ℃ of conditions is carried out silanization with hexa methyl silazane at last, and the silanization temperature is at 100～425 ℃.With unformed silica is carrier, and the preparation method is easy, yet its maximum shortcoming is: unformed silica specific area and pore volume are less, make the appendix amount of titanium oxide little, and the interior diffusion of catalyst is also poor simultaneously.
The synthetic method of titaniferous micro-pore zeolite TS-1 has been described: at first, be the colloidal silica solution of feedstock production titaniferous in the U.S. Pat 4410501 with the aqueous solution, organic titanate and the organosilicon acid esters of TPAOH.Then, directly synthetic again by hydrothermal crystallizing.TS-1 has MFI structure micro-pore zeolite, and its aperture has only 0.55 nanometer, the oxidation reaction that can not catalysis has big molecule to participate in.With the organic peroxide is oxidant, and TS-1 does not have catalytic activity fully.
U.S. Pat 5783167 discloses the synthetic method of titanium-containing mesoporous material Ti-MCM-41: with cetyltrimethyl ammonium, TMAH, silica and organic titanate is raw material, about 135 ℃, prepare the Ti-MCM-41 of titaniferous by hydrothermal crystallizing.
SUMITOMO CHEMICAL (Sumitomo) also disclose a kind of synthetic method with titanium-containing catalyst Ti-MCM-41 of mesoporous feature feature (JP2000-107604, JP2000-107605, JP2000-117101, US6211388, ZL99111662.4).Its synthetic method is similar in appearance to the U.S. Pat 5783167 disclosed methods that prepare Ti-MCM-41.Difference is to have adopted solvent-extracted method removed template method in the SUMITOMO CHEMICAL (US6211388 and ZL99111662.4), according to the titaniferous/SiO of Sumitomo patent description
2Catalyst, its aperture are at 10～41 , and 90% pore volume comes from the hole of aperture at 5～200 , and pore volume is greater than 0.2cm
3/ g, and a diffraction maximum is arranged at the low-angle of X-ray powder diffraction collection of illustrative plates, its interplanar distance is greater than 18 , and catalyst has also passed through the silanization processing.
1994 the Nature magazine (Vol.368,1994,321) introduced the synthetic of a kind of novel molecular sieve containing titanium Ti-HMS with mesoporous feature.Ti-HMS synthetic is that the mixed solution with water and ethanol is a solvent, with organic titanate and organosilicon acid esters be raw material, to adopt positive lauryl amine or positive cetylamine be the template agent, synthetic at ambient temperature.
Be raw material with the organic titanate, have the shortcoming of two aspects by the direct synthesizing titanium-containing catalysis material of hydro-thermal method: the one, because the hydrolysis rate of esters of silicon acis and titanate esters is inconsistent, the hydrolysis rate of titanate esters is very fast, causes TiO easily
2Precipitate and the outer titanium species of generation skeleton.And when catalytic reaction, the existence of the outer titanium species of skeleton can cause the decomposition of oxidant-per-compound, reduces the effective rate of utilization of oxidant.The 2nd, for fixed bde catalyst, must make it have certain shape and intensity through forming processes.When moulding, generally adopting aluminium oxide or Ludox is binding agent.Yet the adding of binding agent such as Ludox can reduce the relative amount of titaniferous active component in the catalyst, and even more serious is that adhesive silicon sol may cover the titanium activated centre, and the activity of such catalysts after the moulding is reduced.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to prepare oxidation catalyst of cyclopropene in the conventional art, easily generate the outer titanium species of skeleton, reduce the effective rate of utilization of per-compound, and the binding agent that adds during moulding has reduced the relative amount of titaniferous active constituent in the catalyst, cover the titanium activated centre, the problem that activity of such catalysts is reduced provides a kind of preparation method of new oxidation catalyst of cyclopropene.The synthetic oxidation catalyst of cyclopropene of this method has the good characteristics of catalysis epoxidation performance.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of preparation method of oxidation catalyst of cyclopropene may further comprise the steps:
A) be raw material with solid oxidation silicon and Ludox, add pore-foaming agent and water, mediate evenly, moulding, drying, in 480～600 ℃ of roastings 2～10 hours, obtain silica support, wherein the weight ratio of silica is 1～9 in solid oxidation silicon and the Ludox;
B) silica support that a) step is obtained is put at least a organic solvent that is selected from toluene, ethylbenzene, hexane, heptane or isopropylbenzene, add titanium source and organic amine, wherein the weight ratio of solvent and silica support is 1～10, and the constitutive molar ratio of reactant mixture is SiO
2/ TiO
2=10～100, TiO
2/ organic amine=0.3～2 is under 60～150 ℃ of conditions at crystallization temperature, stirs crystallization 1～48 hour, obtains the molecular sieve containing titanium product liquid;
C) the above-mentioned synthetic molecular sieve containing titanium product liquid that obtains after filtration, with behind the absolute ethanol washing, roasting is 1～10 hour under 400～800 ℃ of conditions; Under 100～400 ℃ of conditions, fed steam treatment 0.5～10 hour then; Roasting 1～10 hour under 400～800 ℃ of conditions at last obtains catalyst Precursors;
D) catalyst Precursors is under nitrogen atmosphere, add at least a organosilicon that is selected from hexamethyl chlorine silazane, seven methyl chloride silazane, trim,ethylchlorosilane, dimethylchlorosilane, tetramethyl-disilazane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, trimethyl methoxy silane, dimethyldimethoxysil,ne or the trimethylethoxysilane, under 100～450 ℃ of conditions, reacted 0.5～24 hour, obtain oxidation catalyst of cyclopropene, wherein the weight ratio of organosilicon and catalyst Precursors is 0.01～0.2.
In the technique scheme, the preferred version of solid oxidation silicon is 300～1500 meters for its specific area
2/ gram, more preferably scheme is to be selected from least a in MCM-41, HMS, SBA-15 or the macro porous silica gel.Titanium source preferred version is for being selected from butyl titanate, tetraisopropyl titanate or titanium tetrachloride.The organic amine preferred version is for being selected from triethylamine, diethylamine, propylamine, ethamine, di-n-propylamine or tetrapropyl amine bromide.The pore-foaming agent preferred version is for being selected from polyethylene glycol, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, PEO, active carbon or sesbania powder.
Prepare the problem that exists in the oxidation catalyst of cyclopropene process at conventional art, the present invention proposes first synthetic silica carrier, in organic solvent, the titanium load is got on then, handle through water vapour and organosilicon again.The purpose of surface silicon alkanisation is to reduce the silicon hydroxyl of catalyst surface, improves the hydrophobicity of catalyst surface.The hydrophobic raising of catalyst can reduce the absorption of the oxidation product of polarity at catalyst surface, also can avoid the loss of load titanium on the catalyst.
On the fixed bed reaction evaluating apparatus, carry out the active and selectivity investigation of propylene catalytic epoxidation, the evaluating catalyst condition is as follows: loaded catalyst 5.0 grams, liquid propene flow 80 Grams Per Hours, flow 60 Grams Per Hours of the cumene solution of 40% dicumyl peroxide (CHP), 90 ℃ of reaction temperatures, reaction pressure 3.0MPa.
Adopt preparation method of the present invention to obtain can be used for the catalyst of preparing epoxypropane by epoxidation of propene, have dicumyl peroxide conversion ratio height, the characteristics that the expoxy propane selectivity is high have obtained better technical effect.
The invention will be further elaborated below by embodiment.
The specific embodiment
[embodiment 1]
(pore volume is greater than 0.8 milliliter/gram, and specific area is 350 meters for 70 gram macro porous silica gels
2/ gram), 15 gram Macrogol 4000s and 75 grams, 40% Ludox fully mix and mediate extruded moulding.Mold compound is 120 ℃ of dryings 24 hours, 550 ℃ of roastings 3 hours.Afterwards, add 400 milliliters of toluene, 20 gram triethylamines, 40 gram butyl titanates, under 95 ℃ of conditions, stirring reaction 12 hours.After reaction finishes, with 500 milliliters of ethanol washings.Then, 600 ℃ of roastings 5 hours, under 250 ℃ of conditions, water flowing steam 1 hour; After 4 hours, be cooled to 250 ℃ 600 ℃ of roastings, under nitrogen atmosphere, feed 10 gram trim,ethylchlorosilane reactions 6 hours, obtain catalyst A.
[embodiment 2]
(pore volume is greater than 0.8 milliliter/gram, and specific area is 510 meters for 70 gram macro porous silica gels
2/ gram), 20 gram methyl celluloses and 110 grams, 30% Ludox fully mix and mediate extruded moulding.Mold compound is 140 ℃ of dryings 24 hours, 550 ℃ of roastings 3 hours.Afterwards, add 500 milliliters of isopropylbenzenes and 20 gram diethylamine, 40 gram butyl titanates, under 70 ℃ of conditions, stirring reaction 6 hours.After reaction finishes, with 500 milliliters of ethanol washings.Then, 550 ℃ of roastings 5 hours; Under 400 ℃ of conditions, water flowing steam 3 hours; After 4 hours, being cooled to 200 ℃ 600 ℃ of roastings, is carrier gas with the high pure nitrogen, feeds 15 gram trim,ethylchlorosilane reactions 4 hours, obtains catalyst B.
[embodiment 3]
The mixed solution that 38 gram hexadecyltrimethylammonium chlorides (CTMACl), 47 gram TMAHs (TEAOH) and 200 gram water are formed is added in the container of band agitating device, at room temperature after the stirring and dissolving, add 200 grams, 40% Ludox, at room temperature, stirred aging at least 1 hour.Then 120 ℃ of crystallization 48 hours.Afterwards, isolate solid product, after 80 ℃ of dryings, 70 ℃ of stir process twice, at last 120 ℃ of dryings, XRD analysis shows that dry products has mesoporous MCM-41 feature with 100 milliliters of ethanol, and its surface area is 970 meters
2/ gram.
Getting all, above-mentioned dried sample fully mixes with 15 gram sesbania powder, 100 gram 25% Ludox and suitable quantity of water and mediates extruded moulding.Mold compound is 150 ℃ of dryings 12 hours, 530 ℃ of roastings 6 hours.Afterwards, add 300 milliliters of toluene, 18 gram triethylamines and 45 gram butyl titanates, under 97 ℃ of conditions, stirring reaction 10 hours.After reaction finishes, with 500 milliliters of ethanol washings.Then, 550 ℃ of roastings 6 hours; Under 400 ℃ of conditions, water flowing steam 2 hours; After 4 hours, being cooled to 200 ℃ 600 ℃ of roastings, is carrier gas with the high pure nitrogen, feeds 20 grams, seven methyl chloride silazane reaction 14 hours, obtains catalyst C.
[embodiment 4]
10 gram butyl titanates, the 208 positive tetraethyl orthosilicates of gram and 300 milliliters of ethanol are mixed, and continuous stirring 0.5 hour then, joins in the above-mentioned solution in the mixed solution with 65 gram cetylamines, 200 milliliters of ethanol and 5 gram water, and continues to stir 5 hours.Final solid product separates after filtration, spend deionised water after, drying at room temperature 24 hours.Show that through XRD analysis this material has mesoporous feature, its surface area is 1100 meters
2/ gram.
Getting all, above-mentioned dried samples, 10 gram Macrogol 2000s 0 and 90 gram 30% Ludox and suitable quantity of water fully mix and mediate extruded moulding.Mold compound is 120 ℃ of dryings 12 hours, 550 ℃ of roastings 3 hours.Afterwards, add 500 milliliters of toluene and 11 gram ethamine, 40 gram butyl titanates, under 80 ℃ of conditions, stirring reaction 2 hours.After reaction finishes, with 500 milliliters of ethanol washings.Then, 550 ℃ of roastings 3 hours; Under 400 ℃ of conditions, water flowing steam 3 hours; After 4 hours, being cooled to 150 ℃ 650 ℃ of roastings, is carrier gas with the high pure nitrogen, feeds 10 gram hexamethyl chlorine silazane reactions 5 hours, obtains catalyst D.
[embodiment 5]
Catalyst A, B, C, D that embodiment 1～4 is made carry out propylene ring oxidation reaction activity and selectivity investigation on the fixed bed reaction evaluating apparatus.Loaded catalyst 5.0 grams, liquid propene flow 80 Grams Per Hours, cumene solution flow 60 Grams Per Hours of 40% dicumyl peroxide (CHP), 90 ℃ of reaction temperatures, reaction pressure 3.0MPa, the post analysis product was formed in 10 hours.Reaction result sees Table 1.
Table 1
| Embodiment | Catalyst | Dicumyl peroxide conversion ratio % | Expoxy propane selectivity % |
| Embodiment 1 | A | 99.3 | 96.2 |
| Embodiment 2 | B | 96.2 | 95.3 |
| Embodiment 3 | C | 95.6 | 98.8 |
| Embodiment 4 | D | 98.8 | 98.6 |
Claims (6)
1, a kind of preparation method of oxidation catalyst of cyclopropene may further comprise the steps:
A) be raw material with solid oxidation silicon and Ludox, add pore-foaming agent and water, mediate evenly, moulding, drying, in 480～600 ℃ of roastings 2～10 hours, obtain silica support, wherein the weight ratio of silica is 1～9 in solid oxidation silicon and the Ludox;
B) silica support that a) step is obtained is put at least a organic solvent that is selected from toluene, ethylbenzene, hexane, heptane or isopropylbenzene, add titanium source and organic amine, wherein the weight ratio of solvent and silica support is 1～10, and the constitutive molar ratio of reactant mixture is SiO
2/ TiO
2=10～100, TiO
2/ organic amine=0.3～2 is under 60～150 ℃ of conditions at crystallization temperature, stirs crystallization 1～48 hour, obtains the molecular sieve containing titanium product liquid;
C) the above-mentioned synthetic molecular sieve containing titanium product liquid that obtains after filtration, with behind the absolute ethanol washing, roasting is 1～10 hour under 400～800 ℃ of conditions; Under 100～400 ℃ of conditions, fed steam treatment 0.5～10 hour then; Roasting 1～10 hour under 400～800 ℃ of conditions at last obtains catalyst Precursors;
D) catalyst Precursors is under nitrogen atmosphere, add at least a organosilicon that is selected from hexamethyl chlorine silazane, seven methyl chloride silazane, trim,ethylchlorosilane, dimethylchlorosilane, tetramethyl-disilazane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, trimethyl methoxy silane, dimethyldimethoxysil,ne or the trimethylethoxysilane, under 100～450 ℃ of conditions, reacted 0.5～24 hour, obtain oxidation catalyst of cyclopropene, wherein the weight ratio of organosilicon and catalyst Precursors is 0.01～0.2.
2, the preparation method of oxidation catalyst of cyclopropene according to claim 1, the specific area that it is characterized in that solid oxidation silicon is 300～1500 meters
2/ gram.
3, the preparation method of oxidation catalyst of cyclopropene according to claim 2 is characterized in that solid oxidation silicon is selected from least a in MCM-41, HMS, SBA-15 or the macro porous silica gel.
4, the preparation method of oxidation catalyst of cyclopropene according to claim 1 is characterized in that the titanium source is selected from butyl titanate, tetraisopropyl titanate or titanium tetrachloride.
5, the preparation method of oxidation catalyst of cyclopropene according to claim 1 is characterized in that organic amine is selected from triethylamine, diethylamine, propylamine, ethamine, di-n-propylamine or tetrapropyl oxyammonia.
6, the preparation method of oxidation catalyst of cyclopropene according to claim 1 is characterized in that pore-foaming agent is selected from polyethylene glycol, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, PEO, active carbon or sesbania powder.
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| WO2012010491A1 (en) | 2010-07-19 | 2012-01-26 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Epoxidation process |
| CN102807537A (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2012-12-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing propylene oxide |
| CN102895994A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2013-01-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Ti-SBA-15 molecular sieve, modified Ti-SBA-15 molecular sieve, their preparation methods and preparation method of epoxy propane |
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