CN101081701A

CN101081701A - Humic acid in peat particle and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN101081701A
Application number: CN 200710055809
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵红艳; 张则友
Original assignee: Northeast Normal University
Current assignee: Northeast Normal University
Priority date: 2007-06-28
Filing date: 2007-06-28
Publication date: 2007-12-05
Anticipated expiration: 2027-06-28
Also published as: CN100556812C

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of soil and fertilizer, and is especially one kind of organic material comprising turf and humate and its preparation process. The organic material is granular organic fertilizer prepared through spraying humate to turf and granulating, the turf is grass peat with medium decomposition degree and ash content below 50 %, and the humate is potassium humate, sodium humate or ammonium humate from turf, lignite or weathered coal. The organic material of the present invention can increase organic matter content in soil, improve soil aggregate structure of and proportion among solid phase, liquid phase and gas phase in soil, promote plant growth, raise potash fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer utilizing rate and raise agricultural product quality, has other advantages, and is suitable for various types of soil.

Description

Humic acid in peat particle and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to soil and fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of organic materials of forming by peat, humate and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

The control land deterioration, improving the soil organism is secular basic measures.Organic matter is the important indicator of soil fertility, and it can influence physics, the chemistry and biology character of soil, keeps and improves Soil structure, supplies with soil microorganisms with carbon source, promotes its procreation activity.Therefore, organic in fertilizer, composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and BB fertilizer, be an important index.At present, improving the method for the soil organism, usually is to increase organic materials or add the various granulated fertilizers of being made by these organic materialss in the middle of soil.

The main material that China makes fertilizer derives from the following aspects: 1, the ight soil in the ight soil of plant poultry, pig farm and cattle farm and air-dry after sheep excrement etc., by fermentation, dry-matter after the degerming, deodorizing; 2, the animal waste of slaughterhouse, osteoderm factory is as bone meal, fish meal, Pi Fen etc.; 3, the cake fertilizer of the various oil plants of oil pressing factory, the scrap residues behind the fermented grain of grain distillery, antibiolics, the tankage in sugar refinery, molasses etc.; 4, contain the peat of soil ulmin more than 40%; 5, municipal wastes after treatment; 6, valuable sapropel etc.

In the middle of above-mentioned organic materials, the organic content of peat is higher, and peat is widely distributed, reserves are big, stable in properties, does not need through particular processing, can be under physical environment by microbiological degradation, thus form easily by the nutritive substance of plant absorbing.Therefore, it is leading in the middle of organic materials, has purposes widely, as: peat is directly as a kind of soil improvement agent on agricultural, and improvement aeolian sandy soil (desert soil) has been obtained effect preferably; Peat is subjected to generally approving as one of main raw material of fertilizer, compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and organic bio-fertilizer; After the peat granulation, can also be widely used as a kind of raw material of BB fertilizer.

China carries out the soil testing and fertilizer recommendation technology at present, according to the condition of local soil,, transport to the locality with granular various types of inorganic fertilizers and the organic fertilizer of making in advance, the scene is mixed with the compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that is fit to local edaphic condition, and this just requires the organic materials granulation.About the peat process for granulating, Gao Yuanzhe in 1997, a kind of production method of granulated turf has been invented on the gold and silver mountain, it is characterized in that: the block peat composed of rotten mosses of moisture more than 85% of at first mining being excavated that contain passes through natural drying, its moisture content is controlled at 75%, mechanical pelleting then, the granulation time is 10-15 minute, make it be particulate state, heat drying is dried after the granulation, and bake out temperature is at 80 ℃-150 ℃, and drying time is 5-8 minute, peat composed of rotten mosses moisture after the oven dry remains on 50-55%, the peat composed of rotten mosses after will drying the at last gradation that sieves, peat composed of rotten mosses particle diameter is 0.5-6mm, the peat composed of rotten mosses behind the gradation directly packs packing and forms product.This is a kind of agglomeration technique at peat.After the peat particle enters soil, rely on peat to decompose under field conditions (factors), discharge organic matter, this process is slow relatively, and most peat slant acidity, and nutrient is single relatively, the problem of slow so this peat particle exists.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of integrate improve the soil, nutrition, stimulation and the humic acid in peat particle nursed one's health.It also has five effects greatly of humic acids concurrently except having the effect of peat particulate, the structure of promptly improving the soil, improve the chemical fertilizer utilising efficiency, stimulate the plant physiology metabolism, strengthen adverse-resistant characteristic and improve sub-real mass.

Concrete summary of the invention is as follows:

The humic acid in peat particle that the present invention mentions is the organic granulated fertilizer that forms by behind the humate spray peat, by granulation, and wherein granulation peat is that resolution is medium, ash oontent is at the meadow peat below 50%.Humate can be potassium humate, Sodium salts humic acids or the humic acids ammonia of humic acids content at the peat more than 15% or brown coal or weathered coal, and concrete production technique is as follows:

The first step: the preparation of humate

Raw material pulverizing: select humic acids content at the peat more than 15% or weathered coal or brown coal, first natural air drying is crushed to 1～2mm (removing undersized silt) with pulverizer then, and is standby;

Oxygen is separated extraction: according to the content of humic acids in peat or brown coal or the weathered coal, potassium hydroxide solution with 0.5%～2% or sodium hydroxide solution and ammoniacal liquor oxidation peat or weathered coal or brown coal, ratio prescription according to mass ratio 1: 7.5～20 mixes, fully stir heated and boiled 10～20 minutes.

Cooling precipitation: quiescent setting half a day to one day draw the supernatant liquor on top, be humate stoste with the siphon method.

Dilution neutralization: it is 0.1 ‰～1 ‰ that above-mentioned humic acids stoste is diluted to concentration, and with in sulfuric acid or the calcium superphosphate and diluent, makes its pH adjust to 6～8 (according to the soil of being used), promptly becomes humate.

Second step: the preparation of humic acid in peat particle

Select materials, get the raw materials ready: select that resolution is medium, ash oontent is at the meadow peat below 50%, and its moisture controlled is 55～85%, standby.

Granulation, integer: to above-mentioned peat, on one side the spraying liquid humate, the fly cutter of use extruding on one side carries out granulation, the polishing method was carried out integer 3～10 minutes.Peat and liquid humate are 1: 0.05～0.1 by weight proportion during sprinkling.

Dry, cooling: the said products descended dry 20～30 minutes at 70～150 ℃, and naturally cooling just is a finished product.The specification of product is: circularity is at 1～5mm, and intensity is at 15～30N, and is moisture 1～10%.

Humic acid in peat particle of the present invention is the organic granulated fertilizer that a kind of peat and humate mixing granulation form.It has the dual-use function of peat and humic acids, specifically, it can increase the soil organism, improve soil aggregate and solid-liquid gas three-phase ratio, stimulating plant growth, improve utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, impel the phosphorus of indissoluble to be converted into the phosphorus of Yi Rong, it can also improve crop quality simultaneously, improve the seed quality, reconcile the soil acid or alkali environment, but and natural degradation easy to use, cost lower, nontoxic, have no side effect.It can be used as a kind of raw material of BB fertilizer, can also with any proportioning of other fertilizer, also can directly be used as soil improvement agent as one of raw material of various fertilizers, composite organic-inorganic fertilizer.It is applicable to various soil types, is particularly suitable for the soil of poor soil, sandy soil, saline-alkali soil or degeneration.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is preparation technology's schema of humic acid in peat particle.

Embodiment

(being not limited only to following several):

Embodiment 1:

Select resolution 20%, humic acids content is 20% peat, natural air drying is crushed to 2mm with pulverizer then to moisture 35%, take by weighing the peat 1kg on sieve top, add 20% ammonia soln 1250ml, stir, be heated to boiling, reaction 10min.Quiescent setting one day extracts supernatant liquor with siphonage, is diluted to 1/10000, and the sulfuric acid with 0.5% is neutralized to pH 6, is the liquid humate.Select resolution 25%, ash oontent is at 30% meadow peat, first natural air drying, with its moisture controlled 55%; sending among the blender, is 1: 0.05 by weight proportion, Yi Bian add above-mentioned humate; stir on one side; deliver in the tablets press, with fly cutter method granulation 3min, after the polishing integer; deliver in the drying machine; dry 25min under 70 ℃ comes out can pack after the cooling.

Embodiment 2:

Selecting humic acids content is 30% brown coal, and natural air drying is crushed to 2mm with pulverizer then to moisture 20%, takes by weighing the brown coal 1kg on sieve top, adds 1% sodium hydroxide solution 1500ml, stirs, and is heated to boiling, reaction 10min.Quiescent setting one day extracts supernatant liquor with siphonage, is diluted to 5/10000, and the sulfuric acid with 0.5% is neutralized to pH 7, is the liquid humate.Select resolution 25%, ash oontent is at 20% meadow peat, first natural air drying, with its moisture controlled 65%; sending among the blender, is 1: 0.08 by weight proportion, Yi Bian add above-mentioned humate; stir on one side; deliver in the tablets press, with fly cutter method granulation 4min, after the polishing integer; deliver in the drying machine; dry 30min under 100 ℃ comes out can pack after the cooling.

Embodiment 3:

Selecting humic acids content is 40% weathered coal, and natural air drying is crushed to 2mm with pulverizer then to moisture 20%, takes by weighing the weathered coal 1kg on sieve top, adds 2% potassium hydroxide solution 1000ml, stirs, and is heated to boiling, reaction 15min.Quiescent setting one day extracts supernatant liquor with siphonage, is diluted to 3/10000, and the sulfuric acid with 0.5% is neutralized to pH 8, is the liquid humate.Select resolution 25%, ash oontent is at 25% meadow peat, first natural air drying, with its moisture controlled 60%; sending among the blender, is 1: 0.1 by weight proportion, Yi Bian add above-mentioned humate; stir on one side; deliver in the tablets press, with fly cutter method granulation 4min, after the polishing integer; deliver in the drying machine; dry 25min under 150 ℃ comes out can pack after the cooling.

Claims

1, the preparation method of humic acid in peat particle is characterized in that concrete technical process is as follows:

The first step: the preparation of humate

Raw material pulverizing: select humic acids content at the peat more than 15% or weathered coal or brown coal, first natural air drying is crushed to pulverizer then, and is standby;

Oxygen is separated extraction: potassium hydroxide solution with 0.5%～2% or sodium hydroxide solution and ammoniacal liquor oxidation peat or weathered coal or brown coal, according to the ratio prescription mixing of mass ratio 1: 7.5～20, fully stir heated and boiled 10～20 minutes;

The cooling precipitation: quiescent setting, draw the supernatant liquor on top with the siphon method, be humate stoste;

Dilution neutralization: it is 0.1 ‰～1 ‰ that above-mentioned humic acids stoste is diluted to concentration, and with in sulfuric acid or the calcium superphosphate and diluent, makes its pH adjust to 6～8, promptly becomes humate;

Second step: the preparation of humic acid in peat particle

Select materials, get the raw materials ready: select that resolution is medium, ash oontent is at the meadow peat below 50%, and its moisture controlled is 55～85%, standby;

Granulation, integer: above-mentioned peat is sprayed the aforesaid liquid humate, and the fly cutter of use extruding simultaneously carries out granulation, the polishing method was carried out integer 3～10 minutes, and peat and liquid humate are 1: 0.05～0.1 by weight proportion during sprinkling;

Dry, cooling: the said products is 70～150 ℃ of drying, coolings then down.

2, press the humic acid in peat particle of preparation method's preparation of the described humic acid in peat particle of claim 1.