CN101074767A - Vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect - Google Patents

Vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101074767A
CN101074767A CNA2007100159592A CN200710015959A CN101074767A CN 101074767 A CN101074767 A CN 101074767A CN A2007100159592 A CNA2007100159592 A CN A2007100159592A CN 200710015959 A CN200710015959 A CN 200710015959A CN 101074767 A CN101074767 A CN 101074767A
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burner hearth
combustion
venturi tube
steam boiler
air port
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CNA2007100159592A
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Chinese (zh)
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王树洲
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Abstract

This invention relates to a venturi smoke-free vertical steam boiler, a thermal equipment, including shell, curved pipes and combustion devices, the outside bending pipes is placed in the box, between the introvert pipes form a hot gas cavity, beneath the cavity is the combustion chamber, beneath the combustion chamber is the grate, beneath the grate is the ash chamber, on the combustion chamber has stove door to coal, and on the ash chamber has a gray ash doors, ash chamber is equipped with a tuyere, on the top of combustion chamber has narrow high temperature gas export, above the export has a secondary combustion chamber, the cross section of the secondary combustion chamber is circular, the secondary combustion chamber has a secondary tuyere, on the top of the secondary combustion chamber has high temperature gas export, the high temperature gas export connect hot gas chamber. A rational structure, solve the problem of coal-smoke emission, carry out smokeless emission, high thermal efficiency, conservation of coal resources and the environment.

Description

Vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect, belong to industrial thermal equipment.
Background technology
At present, it is bigger that vertical hand burns the possession share of steam boiler on market, relatively be typically the vertical bent water tube boiler of LSG type, structure comprises shell, curved water pipe and burner, the excurvation water pipe places smoke box, constitute the hot gas body cavity between the interior curved water pipe, the below of hot gas body cavity is the burner hearth of burner, and the below of burner hearth is a fire grate, the below of fire grate is grey chamber, be provided with corresponding with burner hearth adds coal stove door, the corresponding ashpit that is provided with grey chamber, and grey chamber is furnished with once combustion-supporting air port, the high-temperature flue gas that comes up from burner hearth enters the hot gas body cavity, curved water pipe is heated, thereby add water in the hot bending water pipe, obtain water vapour.This boiler is several times to improve a kind of more advanced product that evolving development gets up on the basis of original old-fashioned boiler, bigger radiation heating-surface and convection heating surface are arranged, exhaust gas temperature is lower, " design thermal efficiency is higher " of boiler, according to this structural principle, derive simultaneously tandem product again with multiple model, capacity model between 0.2t/h-2t/h is more, also have some capacity bigger again also be to adopt this structure, drawing and manufacturing inspection operative norm are made in the typing that each boiler for producing producer all has national Ministry of Labour to issue.
In this boiler, whole excurvation water pipes of flue gas transversal flow and interior curved water pipe, and flow process is very long, this design is favourable to improving heat transfer efficiency, but system is easy to dust stratification, although designed ash removing opening, but for normal the heat transfer makes the stable operation of boiler, " the blowing out deashing " that the user is constant, for enterprise workshop in the running is a bigger difficult problem, so though when boiler design, consider as much as possible to improve heat transfer efficiency, in actual use, because dust stratification is serious, the real thermal efficiency is not high.
This boiler is advanced in the design of " pot ", and whole heat transfer system has enough heat transfer areas to flue gas; What use in the design of " stove " but is the combustion technology of original backwardness, in order to reach the rated output power of design, the boiler of this model all is the bituminous coal that uses the opium big fire, so all be that black smoke is billowing during operation, not only waste energy, also contaminated environment, dense flue gas is cooled off by anxious gathering in the good water cooling tube system of conducting heat, the coal tar of a large amount of evaporating states and carbochain body condense rapidly and separate out, be bonded on boiler tube and other all heat-exchange surfaces, long-pending more thick more, be difficult to remove, seriously influence heat-transfer effect, the BTHE that makes boiler is far below theoretical design thermal efficiency.
Obviously, if " stove " that be not complementary do not have " advanced combustion technology ", " advanced boiler " comes even Xian Jin " pot " do not manufacture yet again.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect, rational in infrastructure, can solve the black fume of coal burning emission problem, realize the pure smokeless emission of burning gases, thermal efficiency height is saved coal resource, the protection environment.
Vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect of the present invention,
A kind of vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect, comprise shell, curved water pipe and burner, the excurvation water pipe places smoke box, constitute the hot gas body cavity between the interior curved water pipe, the below of hot gas body cavity is the burner hearth of burner, the below of burner hearth is a fire grate, the below of fire grate is grey chamber, be provided with corresponding with burner hearth adds coal stove door, the corresponding ashpit that is provided with grey chamber, the ash chamber is furnished with once combustion-supporting air port, is the high-temperature flue gas outlet of dwindling with the burner hearth top design, and the top of high-temperature flue gas outlet is provided with the second-time burning burner hearth, the cross section of second-time burning burner hearth is rounded, the second-time burning burner hearth is provided with the combustion-supporting air port of secondary, and the top of second-time burning burner hearth is provided with the high-temperature gas outlet, and the high-temperature gas outlet is communicated with the hot gas body cavity.
Among the present invention:
Be the inclined-plane between the outlet of the hearth wall of second-time burning burner hearth and high-temperature flue gas and be connected, whole formation scattering is coniform, prevents the dead angle, and Venturi tube effect is more remarkable.
Also establish the combustion-supporting air port of secondary in the high-temperature flue gas exit, strengthen combustion-supporting and agitaion, promote the swirling flow burning.
In order to obtain the rotate effect of good burning gases, the tangential direction of the second-time burning burner hearth of the best corresponding circular cross section in the combustion-supporting air port of secondary.
The high-temperature gas outlet is designed to contraction mouth, can obtains better Venturi tube effect.
Do not wait according to the scale situation, the combustion-supporting air port of secondary can distribute a plurality of on the circular cross section of second-time burning burner hearth, and 2-10 suitable, and the air channel that is communicated with the combustion-supporting air port of secondary is communicated with on annular cloth wind box; In like manner, the combustion-supporting air port of secondary the second-time burning burner hearth vertically on the multilayer that also can distribute, the 2-6 layer is suitable.
Can also set up the auxiliary air port of a combustion air that distributes on every side on the hearth wall of burner hearth, promote burning, 2-10 the auxiliary air port of a combustion air that can distribute can be distributed on the same cross section, also can be dispersed on the different cross sections.
Annular cloth wind box, in " between waist " formation " annular passage " of burner, all secondary combustion airs all provide wind regime by " annular passage ", the pressure of wind is provided by equipped blower fan, blower fan can connect three-phase alternating-current supply, also can realize frequency control by frequency converter, finishes air quantity and regulates.
Operation principle:
Venturi tube also is Venturi tube, the sampling that in the flow measurement " jet control system " of deduster, gas, liquid and various instrument and meter, is used to measure physical parameter, it is the important component part of forming sensor, air force " lee face adsorption effect " is arranged, and we utilize " aerodynamic effects " (also claiming " Venturi tube effect ") of Venturi tube to design vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect of the present invention just.
" lee face adsorption effect " just because of Venturi tube effect, make and export the high concentration flue gas that comes up from high-temperature flue gas, be close on the circular inner wall of second-time burning burner hearth, the air-flow that forms an intermediate hollow shape distributes, yet this air-flow distributes and just in time is subjected to injecting at a high speed with tangential direction " disturbance " of the secondary combustion air of this circular distribution, make this air-flow group rotation rapidly, produce oxidizing fire fiercely, be accompanied by the strong agitation and the burning of imflammable gas and oxygen tempestuously, can be released in the chemistry of " fugitive constituent " and become heat energy and be utilized, promptly eliminated flue gas, obtained heat energy again, in this burning system, the temperature in the second-time burning burner hearth can be elevated to rapidly more than 1000 degree, and this has just created fabulous condition for burning more completely.Because high temperature gas flow is the spirality track route, add the high temperature in secondary burner hearth the inside again, the insulation effect of refractory liner is arranged again, residence time and temperature all are guaranteed.4 big key elements of completing combustion have been satisfied: 1. necessary temperature; 2. enough combustion-supporting oxygen; 3. good mixes; 4. enough residence times.Embody to such an extent that improve the whole after-flames of intact, just right, all combustible here, obtain colourless, tasteless, clean, transparent clean gas.Air-flow distribution with the rotation form at last ejects from the high-temperature gas outlet, enters the hot gas body cavity, adds the hot bending water pipe.Sufficient combustion, thermal efficiency height.Because high temperature gas flow has inertia, rotation will continue, and the high temperature gas flow of this burst rotation has also been strengthened the heat-transfer effect with curved water pipe simultaneously, has improved the thermal efficiency more.
Add the stainless steel heat-resistant fiber in the refractory lining of second-time burning burner hearth, both strengthened the elevated temperature strength of furnace lining, can adjust the thermal conductivity factor of inner lining material again, both can keep this regional trouble-free burning temperature, guarantee heat transfer efficiency again, the two gets both.As seen, the burning of " cleaning " of the present invention makes the part of " pot " thoroughly eliminate dust stratification.
Vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect of the present invention, simple in structure, cost is low; long service life, combustion efficiency is good, has solved the black fume of coal burning emission problem well; realized the pure smokeless emission of burning gases, thermal efficiency height is saved coal resource; coal saving rate reaches 30%, and lingemann blackness is 0, does not with the naked eye observe at all; discharge without any flue dust, reach pure smokeless operational effect, and fully need not any dust arrester; environment has been protected in no black smoke discharging.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, existing vertical steam boiler structural representation.
The vertical view of Fig. 2, Fig. 1.
The structure of Fig. 3, Venturi tube and air force schematic diagram.
Fig. 4, the embodiment of the invention 1 are in conjunction with burner burning operating condition schematic diagram.
Two body structure schematic diagrames of Fig. 5, the embodiment of the invention 1.
Cross-sectional structure and theory of combustion schematic diagram that Fig. 6, second-time burning hearth portion are divided.
Cross-sectional structure and theory of combustion schematic diagram that Fig. 7, the embodiment of the invention 2 second-time burning hearth portion are divided.
Among the figure: A, add coal stove door B, curved water pipe C, hot gas body cavity D, shell E, smoke box F, aditus laryngis G, chimney H, manhole a, entrance b, c, contraction section d, cylindric aditus laryngis e, scattering cone f, low-pressure area g, air-flow 1, fire grate 2, coal-fired 3, add coal stove door 4, refractory lining 5, metal shell 6, insulation material 7, annular cloth wind box 8, high-temperature flue gas 9, the combustion-supporting air channel 10 of secondary, second-time burning burner hearth 11, high-temperature gas outlet 12, high-temperature gas 13, smoke box 14, hot gas body cavity 15, curved water pipe 16, high-temperature flue gas outlet 17, burner hearth 18, the auxiliary air port 19 of combustion air, ashpit 20, air channel F1, a combustion air F2, secondary combustion air B1, B2, blower fan P1, P2, P3, P4 air-flow blind area.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described in conjunction with above-mentioned accompanying drawing.
Shown in Figure 3 is the structure and the air force principle of Venturi tube.
Inject the air-flow of certain pressure and certain flow rate from the porch of Venturi tube, air-flow is from entrance a, gradually reduced through contraction section b, c, density maximum when arriving cylindric throat d place, it is maximum that flow velocity also reaches, and air-flow g upwards sprays through aditus laryngis with cylindrical then, but be close to the internal chamber wall of scattering cone e with conical form, with hollow tubaeform upwards diffusion and injection, the air force of Venturi tube that Here it is " lee face adsorption effect ".How does this phenomenon form? this is because air-flow is compressed and quickens during through the cylindric d of throat, incipient is upwards to spray with cylindrical at that moment, be exactly because spray after the acceleration of this strand air-flow, on flaring lee face, be pumped into low-pressure area, air-flow is affixed to lee face and becomes tubaeformly, has been formed centrally low-pressure area f in the air-flow of injection, and trends towards " vacuum ", the aerodynamic effects of Venturi tube that Here it is is called for short " Venturi tube effect ".
Fig. 4, shown in Figure 6 be the embodiment of the invention 1 structure and the theory of combustion.
Vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect of the present invention, comprise metal shell 5, curved water pipe 15 and burner, the excurvation water pipe places smoke box 13, constitute hot gas body cavity 14 between the interior curved water pipe, the below of hot gas body cavity 14 is the burner hearth 17 in the burner, the below of burner hearth 17 is a fire grate 1, the below of fire grate 1 is grey chamber, add coal stove door 3 with burner hearth 17 corresponding being provided with, the corresponding ashpit 19 that is provided with grey chamber, the ash chamber is furnished with once combustion-supporting air port, the hearth wall surrounding of burner hearth 17 also is distributed with the auxiliary air port 18 of combustion air one time, provide combustion air by air channel 20, with burner hearth 17 top design is the high-temperature flue gas outlet of dwindling 16, the top of high-temperature flue gas outlet 16 is provided with second-time burning burner hearth 10, the cross section of second-time burning burner hearth 10 is rounded, second-time burning burner hearth 10 is provided with the combustion-supporting air port of secondary, provide combustion air by the combustion-supporting air channel 9 of secondary, the tangential direction of the second-time burning burner hearth of the combustion-supporting air port of secondary corresponding circle shape cross section, the hearth wall of second-time burning burner hearth 10 is the inclined-plane with 16 of high-temperature flue gas outlets and is connected, the top of second-time burning burner hearth 10 is provided with high-temperature gas outlet 11, high-temperature gas outlet 11 is a contraction mouth, high-temperature gas outlet 11 is communicated with hot gas body cavity 14, high-temperature flue gas exports 16 places and also is provided with the combustion-supporting air port of the secondary of spline structure, and the air channel that is communicated with the combustion-supporting air port of secondary is communicated with on annular cloth wind box 7.
In the diagram, the hearth wall of burner hearth 17 is equivalent to the air flow inlet section a of Venturi tube, contraction section b, the c that is equivalent to Venturi tube tiltedly takeed at the top of burner hearth 17, high-temperature flue gas outlet 16 is equivalent to the cylindric aditus laryngis d of Venturi tube, the coniform scattering cone e that is equivalent to of scattering that the inclined-plane that the hearth wall of second-time burning burner hearth 10 and high-temperature flue gas outlet are 16 is connected to form, the inclined-plane is the lee face of Venturi tube, and the hearth wall of second-time burning burner hearth 10 is equivalent to the extension of the end scattering cone of Venturi tube ".Burner among the present invention just is equivalent to a distortion " Venturi tube ", has made full use of Venturi tube effect.
As shown in Figure 5, the present invention can be two body structures, upper furnace body and lower furnace body can be divided into two unit to be made separately, fabrication and installation are convenient, easily repair and replacement, upper furnace body comprise the above part of high-temperature flue gas outlet, and the part below the upper furnace body is a lower furnace body, adpting flange is set respectively on last lower furnace body, assembles by flange and form.On the plane between two bodies of heater up and down, place " alumina silicate needle punched blanket " and, seal during assembling, will go up lower flange with bolt then and tighten fixing getting final product as mat.
In the practice, can directly use typing drawing, manufacturing process and the test stone of the LSG series of products of the national Ministry of Labour promulgation of above narrating.Adjust a lower fire grating, grey chamber and fire door, be made into lower furnace body two parts, convenient enforcement.The furnace lining high-temperature flame-proof pouring material of second-time burning burner hearth adds an amount of stainless steel heat-resistant fiber, gains in strength.Make the built-in mould of cast with book iron plate according to true form and size during the upper furnace body construction, the combustion-supporting eddy flow of secondary air channel is welded with heat resisting steel, strict alignment is wanted in the combustion-supporting air channel of upper furnace body and lower furnace body, goes above leading to swimmingly with the combustion air that guarantees lower furnace body.Put into stir water material feeding with the jolt ramming of plug-in type vibrating head, and note insulation and maintenance.
The course of work:
The high-temperature flue gas that comes up from burner hearth 17, under combustion-supporting, the perturbation action of secondary combustion air, in second-time burning burner hearth 10, form rotation, the swirling flow burning, at high temperature flue gas being carried out oxygenation mixes, thereby the flammable composition in the flue gas is burnouted for a full due, can thoroughly reach the operational effect of " pure smokeless ".
Shown in Figure 7 is the cross-sectional structure and the theory of combustion that the second-time burning hearth portion is divided in the embodiment of the invention 2, and the second-time burning burner hearth of the vertical circular cross section in the combustion-supporting air port of secondary has P1, P2, P3, P4 air-flow blind area this moment, and combustion efficiency is inferior.
Cloth wind box can be passed through in each combustion-supporting air channel, realizes that as required cloth wind distributes, and provides cloth pneumatic power by same power source, simplifies auxiliary equipment.Air feed system can be equipped with the automation frequency-changing control system, realizes automation mechanized operation.Mode as the available frequency control of adjusting of wind supply quantity solves, that is changes the method control wind supply quantity of the rotating speed of blower fan by the frequency that changes fan power.Utilize flue gas sensor (the industrial electronic retail department all has commercially available), as zirconium dioxide flue gas sensor, it presents " gas sensitive effect " to carbon monoxide, as long as it is exactly anoxic that flue gas is arranged, as long as anoxic just certainly leads to carbon monoxide, so the content of detection CO gas how much, also just directly reflected " air distribution coefficient " and the combustion conditions of combustion apparatus inside.The content of CO gas is become on the voltage signal input terminal that voltage signal is input to frequency converter, can utilize the voltage signal controlled frequency to change, the frequency conversion out-put supply is exactly the power supply of air blast.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect, comprise shell, curved water pipe and burner, the excurvation water pipe places smoke box, constitute the hot gas body cavity between the interior curved water pipe, the below of hot gas body cavity is the burner hearth of burner, the below of burner hearth is a fire grate, the below of fire grate is grey chamber, be provided with corresponding with burner hearth adds coal stove door, the corresponding ashpit that is provided with grey chamber, the ash chamber is furnished with once combustion-supporting air port, it is characterized in that the burner hearth top is provided with the high-temperature flue gas outlet of dwindling, and the top of high-temperature flue gas outlet is provided with the second-time burning burner hearth, the cross section of second-time burning burner hearth is rounded, the second-time burning burner hearth is provided with the combustion-supporting air port of secondary, and the top of second-time burning burner hearth is provided with the high-temperature gas outlet, and the high-temperature gas outlet is communicated with the hot gas body cavity.
Being the inclined-plane between 2, vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect according to claim 1, the hearth wall that it is characterized in that the second-time burning burner hearth and high-temperature flue gas outlet is connected.
3, vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that the high-temperature flue gas exit is provided with the combustion-supporting air port of secondary.
4, vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that the tangential direction of the second-time burning burner hearth of the combustion-supporting air port of secondary corresponding circle shape cross section.
5, vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that the high-temperature gas outlet is contraction mouth.
6, according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 described vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect, it is characterized in that the combustion-supporting air port of secondary is distributed with 2-10 on the circular cross section of second-time burning burner hearth, the air channel that is communicated with the combustion-supporting air port of secondary is communicated with on annular cloth wind box.
7, vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect according to claim 6, it is characterized in that the combustion-supporting air port of secondary the second-time burning burner hearth vertically on be distributed with the 2-6 layer.
8, vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that the hearth wall surrounding of burner hearth is distributed with the auxiliary air port of combustion air one time.
9, vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect according to claim 7 is characterized in that the hearth wall of burner hearth is distributed with the auxiliary air port of 2 one 10 combustion airs on every side.
CNA2007100159592A 2007-06-16 2007-06-16 Vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect Pending CN101074767A (en)

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CNA2007100159592A CN101074767A (en) 2007-06-16 2007-06-16 Vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNA2007100159592A CN101074767A (en) 2007-06-16 2007-06-16 Vertical smokeless steam boiler of Venturi tube effect

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CN101074767A true CN101074767A (en) 2007-11-21

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107062207A (en) * 2017-04-28 2017-08-18 张久明 A kind of flue gas and flying dust second-time burning heat recovery method and device
CN112121553A (en) * 2020-09-03 2020-12-25 刘思达 High-efficiency environment-friendly coal-fired power generation device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107062207A (en) * 2017-04-28 2017-08-18 张久明 A kind of flue gas and flying dust second-time burning heat recovery method and device
CN112121553A (en) * 2020-09-03 2020-12-25 刘思达 High-efficiency environment-friendly coal-fired power generation device
CN112121553B (en) * 2020-09-03 2022-02-25 烟台亿通生物能源有限公司 High-efficiency environment-friendly coal-fired power generation device

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