CN101020276A - Semi-mold precise sheet forming process based on large spot single laser impact - Google Patents
Semi-mold precise sheet forming process based on large spot single laser impact Download PDFInfo
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- CN101020276A CN101020276A CN 200610161353 CN200610161353A CN101020276A CN 101020276 A CN101020276 A CN 101020276A CN 200610161353 CN200610161353 CN 200610161353 CN 200610161353 A CN200610161353 A CN 200610161353A CN 101020276 A CN101020276 A CN 101020276A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to machine building, and is especially semi-mold precise sheet forming process and apparatus based on large spot single laser impact. The process is suitable for precise forming of small area super thin metal sheet, such as metal sheet in aeration instrument, structural steel, titanium alloy, etc. The apparatus includes a laser generator, a control device, a laser beam modulator, a constraint layer, a laser absorbing protection film, a mold, a bench, a bench controller, a fixture, etc. The impact forming process is a non-contact one with high precision, fast plastic deformation, low cost and high efficiency.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to mechanical manufacturing field, refer in particular to a kind of semi-mold precise sheet forming process and device based on large spot single laser, it is applicable to the small size sheet metal, and (≤Φ 120, or≤ 120 * 120, thickness 30 μ m-100 μ m) half module precision form, being particularly suitable for the conventional method ultra-thin plate that is difficult to be shaped, is raw-material convoluted diaphragm, spring diaphragm, stainless steel thin slice etc. as accurate elastic alloy.
Background technology:
The sheet metal plastic molding method is a lot, comprises punching press, explosive forming, contour peening etc.Various meal gold parts are produced in modal drawing, and its shortcoming is the die cost height, and the production cycle is long, and can only be to low-carbon (LC) thin plate, aluminium alloy and red copper and part brass, because the influence of strained rate, forming limit is restricted, and the specimen surface intensity after being shaped reduces.Contour peening is that the impulsive force of utilizing ball ball high speed impact material surface to be produced makes workpiece generation Plastic Forming, advantage is to form along the depth profile residual compressive stress at material surface, thereby improved the anti-fatigue performance of workpiece, shortcoming is that surface of the work roughening, parameter are many and be difficult to accurate control; And explosive forming is the shaping of high explosives impact generated by explosion ripple, and is abnormally dangerous, can not Accurate Shaping.
Patent " the CONTOUR FORMIMG OF METALS BY LASER PEENING " patent No.: the WO0105549 that HACKEL LLOYD of California, USA university and HARRIS FRITZ application is arranged by retrieval, this patent proposes to produce residual stress with laser hammering sheet metal surface, utilize residual stress to discharge again and produce little distortion shaping that little curvature is carried out, the accumulation of the little curvature by the each hammering of each point or implement repeatedly to impact in same point just can obtain larger sized bending.The patent of invention " a kind of laser-impact accurate forming method and device " of people such as the domestic Zhang Yongkang of Jiangsu University application, license number: ZL01134063.0, this patent adopts high-performance laser-impact Precision Forming Technology, and it directly utilizes the intense pulse laser bundle, and (power density is greater than 10
9W/cm
2Pulse width 8ns～30ns) impacts the flexible lamina of surface of the work, make its top layer gasification ionization and form shock wave, because the shock wave pressure peak value that produces surpasses the MATERIALS ' DYNAMIC yield strength, this makes moulding material that obvious plastic deformation take place, this is different from, and local assault does not produce obvious plastic deformation and just macroscopic material distortion in the application residual stress release bending forming, impacts by pointwise then and orderly shock point distribution acquisition large tracts of land complicated shape.Moulding material comprises metal, composite, plastics, and the sheet metal impact forging that is coated with brittle coating (as TiN).Can carry out local bulging to multiple materials such as metal material, inorganic material, macromolecular material and composites effectively.Bending, stretching, plate smoothing, rod member alignment school song are that the multiple forming mode of collection is complicated shaping of no mould of one.These two kinds of methods all are to impact large-area thin plate shaping or the local bulging of single-point single by small size laser beam multiple spot.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of can the small size sheet metal (≤Φ 120, or≤ 120 * 120, thickness 30 μ m-500 μ m) the single laser impact semi-mold precise sheet forming process and the device of half module precision form, the particularly conventional method material forming that is difficult to be shaped.
The present invention realizes by following technical scheme:
It is made up of laser generator, laser beam space modulator, frock clamp system and control system; its manufacturing process is characterised in that the laser beam that is sent by laser generator is transferred to the surface of the work that is installed in the anchor clamps by the laser beam space modulator; the laser absorption diaphragm that sticks on surface of the work is subjected to the shock wave effect of induced with laser and presses to workpiece; add the effect of shaping half module; make workpiece produce plastic deformation fast; form the Accurate Shaping consistent, and the shaping radius of curvature is 0～2 with half module.
Can adjust the size of beam diameter, surge and formative radius by changing laser parameters such as laser pulse width, energy and laser beam space modulator, add the effect of shaping half module, just can obtain the sample that is shaped accurately.
The sample system is by the transparent restraint layer and the laser absorption protection mould film of surface of the work.The pulse width of the laser beam that the modulator in the laser generator of the semi-mold precise sheet forming device of large spot single laser produces is 10ns～30ns.When laser generator sends laser, the workbench that folder carries the sample system by workstation control system to treating that impact position does three-dimensional motion, thereby reach the purpose of control impact position.
The present invention proposes the semi-mold precise sheet forming technology of large spot single laser, utilize the laser beam space modulator adjust laser spot diameter for Φ 0.5-120 or≤ 120 * 120, utilize intense pulse laser bundle (power density 〉=10
7W/cm
2The laser absorption diaphragm on impact specimen surface of pulse width 10ns～30ns) makes its top layer gasification ionization and forms shock wave, because the shock wave pressure peak value that produces surpasses the MATERIALS ' DYNAMIC yield strength; add the effect of shaping half module, single laser impact makes the whole Accurate Shaping of sheet metal.Moulding material comprises permanent alloy, structural steel, the titanium alloy etc. of playing.
The present invention has following technical advantage:
(1) adopt spot diameter that the laser beam space modulator adjusts laser-impact from Φ 0.5-Φ 120, like this laser-impact can make small size sheet metal (≤Φ 120, or≤ 120 * 120, thickness 30 μ m-100 μ m) the accurate Integratively shaping of half module.
(2) single laser impact semi-mold precise sheet forming device employing generation pulse width is the intense laser beam of 10ns～30ns pulse energy 0.1J～50J, the peak pressure of shock wave reaches several Gpa magnitudes, add the effect of shaping half module, single laser impact just can whole Accurate Shaping.
(3) semi-mold precise sheet forming of large spot single laser is accurate, in the impact forging process, is contactless, and plastic deformation is ultrafast, and cost is low, the efficient height.Be configured as the example estimation with the laser-impact die, just can save half mould.
(4) sheet metal laser-impact half module shaping rear surface has formed very dark high amplitude residual compressive stress, can significantly improve fatigue life.Because laser-impact forms hardened layer and high-amplitude residual compressive stress at material surface, therefore improved the stability of material forming, no resilience.Impact back material surface quality simultaneously and improve, reduce as surface roughness, hardness raising, grain refinement, workpiece anti-fatigue performance and anti-stress corrosion performance significantly improve.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is based on the semi-mold precise sheet forming device schematic diagram of large spot single laser impact.
Fig. 2 is the metal sheet profiled profile of large spot laser-impact.
Fig. 3 is a large spot laser single-impact thin plate half module shaping sample.
1. laser generator control device 2. laser generators 3. laser beams 4. laser beam space modulators 5. restraint layers 6. laser absorption diaphragms 7. samples 8. half modules 9. workbench 10. anchor clamps 11. Worktable control devices 12. steam vents
The specific embodiment
Describe the details and the working condition of the concrete device that the present invention proposes in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
Fig. 1 carries out large spot laser single-impact thin plate half module building mortion with the inventive method; comprise laser generator control device (1), laser generator (2), laser beam (3), laser beam space modulator (4), restraint layer (5), laser absorption diaphragm (6), sample (7), half module (8), workbench (9), anchor clamps (10), Worktable control device (11) and steam vent (12), wherein the laser beam space modulator is made up of concavees lens, convex lens and homogenizer etc.The laser beam (3) that laser generator (2) produces is through laser beam space modulator (4); be radiated on the sheet metal that is coated with restraint layer (5) and laser absorption diaphragm (6); sample (7) is placed on the half module (8); utilize the chucking appliance system on the workbench (containing anchor clamps) (9) to clamp sample (7), can freely adjust the sample (7) on the anchor clamps (10) and the relative position of laser beam (3) by Worktable control device (10).
Fig. 2 is the metal sheet profiled profile of large spot laser-impact; form by restraint layer (5), laser absorption diaphragm (6), sample (7), half module (8), workbench (9), anchor clamps (10), Worktable control device (11) and steam vent (12); the volume expansion of restraint layer (5) constraint high-temperature plasma; laser absorption diaphragm (6) works to improve laser absorption rate and the protection sample is avoided laser ablation, is provided with steam vent (12) on half module (8).Fig. 3 is a large spot laser single-impact titanium-alloy thin-plate half module shaping sample.With daily used more 45# stainless steel 50 μ m thin plate impact forgings is example: the surface microhardness in 45# stainless steel 50 μ m sheet laser shock peening districts changes relatively, laser parameter: energy 12.1J, pulsewidth 30ns, spot diameter Φ 6mm, coating layer thickness 40 μ m, K9 glass is as restraint layer, measure its microhardness with Vickers, the matrix average hardness is 313HV, and the impact zone hardness range is 376～488HV, mean value is 413HV, has improved about 32%.Low-frequency fatigue test is to carry out on INSTRON1341 point liquid servo fatigue testing machine, and test frequency is 15Hz, maximum load 16KN, and minimum load 1.6KN has on average improved about 60% the fatigue life of six roots of sensation test specimen, and high energy reaches more than one times.Under 95% confidence level, the median fatigue life of laser impact intensified processing test specimen be not the impact test piece median fatigue life 1.11～2.13 times.
Claims (1)
1. the method that is shaped of a large spot laser single-impact thin plate half module; the laser beam (3) that it is characterized in that laser generator (2) generation is through laser beam space modulator (4); be radiated on the sheet metal that is coated with restraint layer (5) and laser absorption diaphragm (6); the laser absorption diaphragm (6) that sticks on surface of the work is subjected to the shock wave effect of induced with laser and presses to sheet metal; effect according to the shaping half module; single laser impact makes the whole Accurate Shaping of sheet metal; wherein utilize laser beam space modulator (4) adjust laser spot diameter be Ф 0.5-120 or≤ 120 * 120, the power density of laser beam 〉=10
7W/cm
2, pulse width 10ns～30ns, the shaping radius of curvature is 0～2, sheet metal thickness 30 μ m-100 μ m.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200610161353 CN101020276A (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2006-12-22 | Semi-mold precise sheet forming process based on large spot single laser impact |
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| CN 200610161353 CN101020276A (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2006-12-22 | Semi-mold precise sheet forming process based on large spot single laser impact |
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| CN101020276A true CN101020276A (en) | 2007-08-22 |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102417952A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-04-18 | 江苏大学 | Laser thermomechanical effect strengthening method and laser thermomechanical effect strengthening system for automotive LED (light-emitting diode) headlight molds |
| CN103317227A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-09-25 | 江苏大学 | Laser mask shock forming device based on plasticine mould and method of laser mask shock forming device |
| CN103526008A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-01-22 | 江苏大学 | Laser shock wave reinforcing method and apparatus |
| CN104308361A (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2015-01-28 | 江苏大学 | Laser shock device and laser shock method for manufacturing morphology of surface micro-protrusions |
| CN104759758A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-08 | 江苏大学 | Device and method for reinforcing high-performance water pump material through laser-generated cavitation |
| CN105364312A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-02 | 江苏大学 | Metal sheet connection device based on laser shock deformation and method thereof |
| CN105458496A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-04-06 | 江苏大学 | Synchronous welding and forming method and device for laser shock metal foil plates |
| CN104308361B (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2017-01-04 | 江苏大学 | A kind of laser-impact manufactures the apparatus and method of surface microprotrusion pattern |
| CN111055018A (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2020-04-24 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Drag reduction microstructure machining system and method |
| CN114603252A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-10 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for assisting laser shock micro-forming by medium-frequency electromagnetic induction heating |
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2006
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102417952B (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-07-17 | 江苏大学 | Laser thermomechanical effect strengthening method and laser thermomechanical effect strengthening system for automotive LED (light-emitting diode) headlight molds |
| CN102417952A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-04-18 | 江苏大学 | Laser thermomechanical effect strengthening method and laser thermomechanical effect strengthening system for automotive LED (light-emitting diode) headlight molds |
| CN103317227B (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2015-07-08 | 江苏大学 | Laser mask shock forming device based on plasticine mould and method of laser mask shock forming device |
| CN103317227A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-09-25 | 江苏大学 | Laser mask shock forming device based on plasticine mould and method of laser mask shock forming device |
| CN103526008A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-01-22 | 江苏大学 | Laser shock wave reinforcing method and apparatus |
| CN104308361B (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2017-01-04 | 江苏大学 | A kind of laser-impact manufactures the apparatus and method of surface microprotrusion pattern |
| CN104308361A (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2015-01-28 | 江苏大学 | Laser shock device and laser shock method for manufacturing morphology of surface micro-protrusions |
| CN104759758A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-08 | 江苏大学 | Device and method for reinforcing high-performance water pump material through laser-generated cavitation |
| CN105364312A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-02 | 江苏大学 | Metal sheet connection device based on laser shock deformation and method thereof |
| CN105458496A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-04-06 | 江苏大学 | Synchronous welding and forming method and device for laser shock metal foil plates |
| CN111055018A (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2020-04-24 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Drag reduction microstructure machining system and method |
| CN111055018B (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2020-11-17 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Anti-drag microstructure machining method |
| CN114603252A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-10 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for assisting laser shock micro-forming by medium-frequency electromagnetic induction heating |
| CN114603252B (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2024-04-09 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for auxiliary laser shock micro-forming by medium-frequency electromagnetic induction heating |
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