CN101003974A - Method for constructing groundwork for large-scale sinking well in deep water - Google Patents
Method for constructing groundwork for large-scale sinking well in deep water Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a large-size deepwater sunk well foundation construction method. Said method is applicable to deepwater sunk well foundation construction for various applications. Said method includes the following several measures: sunk well steel shell whole body manufacture, whole body sinking, whole body height connection, whole body float-conveyance, heavy anchor positioning, closing bottom portion of steel shell, pouring concrete and deviation correction.
Description
The technical field method for constructing groundwork for large-scale sinking well in deep water is applicable to the deep water construction of Open Caisson Foundation of various uses, the whole manufacturing of the open caisson box hat that is adopted, integral body are gone to river, integral body connects height, whole transportation by driving, the weight anchor navigation system, box hat bottom lock or wellhole increase inflator and guarantee the dried measure of borehole wall concrete, the quick implantation of open caisson of watering to strengthen buoyancy, open caisson is inhaled mud sinking, open caisson deviation rectification technology, key process technology such as clear base, back cover can guarantee that safety, quality, environmental protection and the duration of open caisson construction reaches designing requirement.
Background technology is along with domestic bridge develops to large span, driving direction high-speed, that load increases, have characteristics such as bearing capacity is big, rigidity big, quick construction large-scale, the deep water open caisson foundation is increasing.Reached plant equipment situation at that time at little open caisson characteristics in the past, construction theories such as the miniaturization of being adopted, discretization, equipment simplification no longer are suitable for construction large-scale, the deep water open caisson foundation.Application according to large-scale, deep water open caisson foundation characteristics and maximization construction machinery, should adopt " maximization ", " integration ", " rapid " theory to carry out technological innovation, reach designing requirement to guarantee safety, quality, environmental protection and duration that groundwork for large-scale sinking well in deep water is constructed.
The summary of the invention method for constructing groundwork for large-scale sinking well in deep water, comprise that the whole manufacturing of open caisson box hat, integral body are gone to river, integral body connects height, whole transportation by driving, the weight anchor navigation system, box hat bottom lock or wellhole increase inflator and guarantee the dried measure of borehole wall concrete, the quick implantation of open caisson of watering to strengthen buoyancy, open caisson is inhaled mud sinking, open caisson deviation rectification technology, key process technology such as clear base, back cover.
Method for constructing groundwork for large-scale sinking well in deep water is characterized in that:
(1) the whole manufacturing of open caisson box hat employing, integral body are gone to river, integral body connects height, whole transportation by driving technology, and this technology can guarantee the construction quality of welding of open caisson box hat and Deformation control, realizes waterborne, land parallel construction, accelerating construction progress;
(2) the weight anchor navigation system is my company obtained national inventing patent in 2005 a advanced technology, can guarantee open caisson under the floading condition condition and during quick land riverbed plan-position and vertical position accurate;
(3) the box hat base section or all sealing or wellhole increase inflator to strengthen buoyancy, can guarantee the dried borehole wall concrete that waters, guarantee that concrete joint quality and concrete combine with steel work closely; Also can guarantee the quick implantation of open caisson by adding the venting of water or inflator in the wellhole;
When (4) open caisson is inhaled the mud sinking, purpose monitoring is carried out in borehole wall stress, distortion and relevant soil pressure, frictional resistance, bearing capacity, distortion etc., instruct and arrange to inhale the mud program; In a single day open caisson is offset, also instruct the open caisson deviation rectification construction by above-mentioned measure.
(5) after well sinking puts in place, substrate is monitored, instruct clear base work by the diver with sub aqua diving qualification or underwater camera or underwater robot; Adopt large-scale concrete work ship waterborne, the disposable open caisson back cover that carries out.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 large-scale well-sinking structure chart
Fig. 1-1 shutoff wellhole facade and back cover elevation
Fig. 1-2 shutoff wellhole side and back cover side view
Fig. 1-3 shutoff wellhole plane and back cover plan view
Fig. 1-4 top elevation
Fig. 2 open caisson box hat dividing elements, spelling big unit figure
Fig. 2-1 steel open caisson piecemeal schematic diagram
Fig. 2-2 steel open caisson piecemeal spelling schematic diagram
Fig. 3 open caisson conceptual scheme of going to river
Fig. 3-1 open caisson plan view of going to river
Fig. 3-2 open caisson side view of going to river
Fig. 4 open caisson increases buoyancy measure figure
The whole transportation by driving figure of Fig. 5 open caisson box hat
Fig. 6 weight anchor system layout
Fig. 7-1～Fig. 7-23 open caisson construction block diagram
The assembly unit of the first joint of Fig. 7-1
Illustrate: 1, the assembly unit unit piece of processing and manufacturing coxopodite, (2), (3) joint steel open caisson;
2, arrange the assembly unit harbour of going to river;
3, arrange the assembly unit buttress, backing board is installed;
4, the head of assembly unit coxopodite, (2), (3) sections saves the steel open caisson, and the shutoff bottom plate of 6 wellholes is installed simultaneously.
Annotate: the shutoff bottom plate adopts steel work, for round crown or oval.
Fig. 7-2 gasbag watering
Illustrate: 1, the back anchor is set, arranges rear haulage;
2, arrange air bag, remove buttress;
3, slippage steel open caisson is gone to river;
Fig. 7-3 is transportation by driving for the first time
Illustrate: transportation by driving steel open caisson is to the assembly unit harbour.
Fig. 7-4 harbour connects height
Illustrate: 1, precast block (4)--the assembly unit unit piece of (6) joint steel open caisson;
2, hang ship spelling (4)--(6) joint steel open caisson.
Fig. 7-5 is transportation by driving for the second time
Illustrate: transportation by driving steel open caisson is located to the pier position.
The position grappling of Fig. 7-6 pier
Illustrate: 1, arrange station keeping ship, side anchor;
2, grappling steel open caisson.
The dried packing concrete in Fig. 7-7 pier position
Illustrate: 1, dried packing fills concrete in the steel caisson wall;
Fig. 7-8 denidation sinks
Illustrate: 1, adjust the open caisson position, sinking discharges water in the open caisson shutoff wellhole;
2, open caisson implantation is checked the off normal situation;
3, cut off the shutoff bottom plate, open caisson is inhaled mud and is sunk down into the stable degree of depth.
The dried packing concrete of Fig. 7-9
Illustrate: the dried packing of gradation fills the interior concrete of steel caisson wall to the top.
Fig. 7-10 connects high open caisson the 7th joint
Fig. 7-11 open caisson is inhaled mud for the second time
Fig. 7-12 connects high open caisson the 8th, 9 joints
Fig. 7-13 open caisson is inhaled mud for the third time
Fig. 7-14 connects high open caisson the 10th, 11 joints
Fig. 7-15 open caisson is inhaled mud for the 4th time and is sunk
Fig. 7-16 connects high open caisson the 12nd, 13 joints
Fig. 7-17 open caisson is inhaled mud for the 5th time and is sunk
Fig. 7-18 connects high open caisson the 14th, 15 joints
Waterproof cofferdam, Fig. 7-19 mounting shaft top
Fig. 7-20 open caisson is inhaled mud for the 6th time and is sunk
The clear base of Fig. 7-21
Illustrate: clear base, submarine inspection.
Fig. 7-22 back cover
Illustrate: arrange platform, the subregion back cover.
Fig. 7-23 bearing platform construction figure
Illustrate: bearing platform construction, cofferdam demolition.
(above accompanying drawing is only given an example for the explanation job practices, and job practices has versatility)
Specific embodiment method for constructing groundwork for large-scale sinking well in deep water, comprise that the whole manufacturing of open caisson box hat, integral body are gone to river, integral body connects height, whole transportation by driving, the weight anchor navigation system, box hat bottom lock or wellhole increase inflator and guarantee the dried measure of borehole wall concrete, the quick implantation of open caisson of watering to strengthen buoyancy, open caisson is inhaled mud sinking, open caisson deviation rectification technology, key process technology such as clear base, back cover.The specific embodiment is as follows:
One, the whole manufacturing of open caisson box hat, integral body are gone to river, integral body connects height, whole transportation by driving
According to designing requirement the open caisson box hat is carried out dividing elements, carry out the big unit manufacturing, and do welding quality detection and unit examination assembly by standard in steel work factory; Selection has the suitable place of the condition of going to river, and whole spelling open caisson box hat or spelling open caisson box hat coxopodite (depending on according to open caisson box hat height and the condition of going to river) are carried out welding quality and watertightness and detected.The open caisson box hat adopts air bag method, slideway method or dock method integral body to go to river; If coxopodite is gone to river, then adopt large-scale floating crane integral body to connect high open caisson box hat at predetermined assembly unit harbour, adopt main tugboat, group's tugboat the whole transportation by driving of open caisson box hat to be located to the pier position, and it is transferred to the weight anchor navigation system then.
Two, weight anchor navigation system
The weight anchor navigation system is my company obtained national inventing patent in 2005 a technology, can guarantee open caisson under the floading condition condition and during quick land riverbed plan-position and vertical position accurate.This method is promptly: following current is to respectively establishing a station keeping ship in the open caisson upstream and downstream, heavy anchor or concrete anchor join by major diameter anchor chain and station keeping ship, and station keeping ship joins by major diameter main push-towing rope, pocket cable and open caisson, forms following current to anchorage system; The open caisson crossing current is to adopting heavy anchor or concrete anchor to form anchorage system.Following current is located on the station keeping ship to anchorage elevator unit or hydraulic haulage system, and side direction anchorage elevator unit or hydraulic haulage system are located at the open caisson end face, adjusts the accurate location that anchorage is realized the steel open caisson by hoist engine or hydraulic haulage system.
Three, the dried borehole wall concrete that waters during the open caisson floading condition
The caisson wall concrete is the agent structure of open caisson, will bear huge working load and operation load in work progress and after the completion, so job practices must guarantee that borehole wall concrete quality reaches code requirement.For conventional concrete, adopt the 9 dried job practicess of watering, can guarantee concrete compactness, be convenient to detect, can guarantee that again New-old concrete seam quality, concrete and steel work combine closely, the pouring concrete that wets in the water then is difficult to reach above-mentioned quality requirement.The flocculation concrete can adopt wet method, but the cost costliness of watering in the water.
In order to guarantee that ability waters borehole wall concrete, should take measures to increase open caisson buoyancy, concrete measure: the one, in borehole bottom it is sealed, increase buoyancy; The 2nd, add a cover the formation inflator on wellhole top, increase buoyancy.The wellhole quantity that needs is determined its principle: buoyancy abundance, symmetric arrangement according to calculating.The height of borehole bottom enclosed construction should be more than the soil body end face that sinks to reaching behind the open caisson implantation after stablizing the degree of depth, to guarantee the smooth implantation of open caisson.Two kinds of enclosed constructions all are provided with the device that adds water fast or emit gas, guarantee that open caisson reaches the requirement of quick implantation; Also to be convenient to simultaneously dismounting, make things convenient for and inhale mud behind the open caisson implantation and sink.
Four, the quick implantation of open caisson
Open caisson should guarantee that open caisson can cross flood safely at implantation and reach the stable degree of depth in dry season.Riverbed face absolute altitude under a period of time before the steel open caisson land riverbed (about 7 d) interior periodic measurement caisson cutting edge and wash away variation.Must throw the low side in riverbed during when the riverbed absolute altitude discrepancy in elevation and to fill out the rubble levelling until washing away dynamic equilibrium greater than 1.0m.When steel open caisson and riverbed face differ 3～5m, the riverbed face is thrown the rubble levelling and reached when dynamically washing away balance, adjust anchorage anchor line position, steel open caisson plane and verticality are accurately located, prepare the land riverbed.In the steel open caisson land riverbed process, because the upstream side of open caisson washes away, back-silt in the downstream, make that upstream and downstream, riverbed side absolute altitude is not the same, can adjust the open caisson plane discrepancy in elevation this moment by inequality water filling in the branch storehouse of the wellhole of sealing and the borehole wall, and make about the downstream 20cm of the position deflection design attitude of open caisson when implantation, offsetting upstream slippage in the well sinking process, in the hope of can be at last near design attitude.Open all then that wellhole shutoff base plate water valve discharges water or the inflator valve is emitted gas, make open caisson fall into the riverbed fast.The initial stage of sinking should be specifically noted that selects wellhole to inhale the mud position, avoids open caisson to tilt and displacement, makes open caisson steadily sink down into the stable degree of depth, in time tissue filling borehole wall concrete.
Five, the open caisson steel concrete borehole wall connects height and inhales mud and sink
The steel concrete borehole wall connects height and is generally the 6m/ joint, for improving efficiency of construction, accelerating construction progress, can adopt the circulation construction organization mode that connects to sink again after high two joints or the more piece.Connect high hydraulic pressure integrated climbform, the pre-colligation composition of reinforcing bar block, the rapid construction organizational form of integral hoisting of adopting.The integrated climbform system mainly is made up of four parts: template system, support system, anchor system, Work platform system.In work progress, do not remove, until the steel bar concrete open caisson that climbs connect high sink to finishing till.
Open caisson adopts not draining to inhale mud sinking method in covering layer, promptly adopts air suction dredge sucking-off silt to reduce mud face absolute altitude in wellhole, and open caisson is progressively sunk.Accomplish that the mud face evenly reduces in the open caisson when inhaling the mud construction, partly inhale sky and cause founding for fear of caisson cutting edge, when in flour sand, fine sand layer, inhaling mud, the mud face absolute altitude of middle wellhole generally must not be lower than sword pin 1m, the mud face of wellhole must not be lower than the sword pin all around, and simultaneously the soil under the partition wall should be inhaled sky in order to avoid put and influence well sinking.Open caisson is inhaled the mud deslagging and is adopted silt particle eliminator new technology that water is separated with silt particle, water continuation circulation after the separation enters in the open caisson, silt particle then is transported to the appointed place discharging by transport barge, and pollution and the quarrel body precipitation around open caisson avoiding directly discharging water body form unbalanced soil pressure, cause the open caisson inclination.The well sinking ancillary method takes jetting to help heavy, air curtain sinking etc., accepts or rejects according to actual conditions.When heavy 10 suction mud sink, purpose monitoring is carried out in borehole wall stress, distortion and relevant soil pressure, frictional resistance, bearing capacity, distortion etc., instruct and arrange to inhale the mud program.
Six, the correction of well sinking deviation
Open caisson is in (in about 14m) easily run-off the straight when more shallow of burying, and all the inclination situation may occur at four direction; When going into to go up deeply, gradually stable.In the sinking process, owing to wash away, make open caisson upstream side riverbed face low, riverbed, downstream face height, open caisson are gradually from downstream upstream direction slippage.
Correcting the method for inclination, all is to inhale mud separately in the higher side of open caisson generally, reaches the purpose of vertical subsidence with the discrepancy in elevation of eliminating mud face in the wellhole.But this kind correcting method very easily makes open caisson to opposite lopsidedness as can not correctly grasping, and forms upstream and downstream (or north-south) and alternately tilts.Trace it to its cause, though be that it is vertical that open caisson often recovers yet, waits to continue to inhale mud to recovering vertical because the mud face has been inhaled flatly, a then opposite side's mud face has been inhaled into dell, even evenly inhale mud later, but open caisson is to opposite lopsidedness.Correcting method is preferably: though open caisson does not recover plumbness when the mud face is inhaled at ordinary times, also should stop one-sided suction mud, inhale mud symmetrically and evenly and use instead.
Differ as the geology soft or hard, or during the outer riverbed of open caisson discrepancy in elevation great disparity, then must note the trend of open caisson in the sinking process at any time, even because at this moment in the open caisson mud face smooth, open caisson is also can be to geology soft or the low square neck in riverbed is oblique.
Prevent the method that is offset, should be in open caisson water during the sinking implantation, downstream locate with suitable estimator; When washing away when making the riverbed that the big discrepancy in elevation be arranged,, absorb the silt particle levelling with the major diameter suction dredge at the downstream higher position at lower, upstream riprap protection; Absorb the wellhole silt particle in the sinking process symmetrically and evenly.
Seven, open caisson is inhaled in the mud sinking process and is prevented founding
Slight founding appears in wellhole in the well sinking process, not necessarily causes adverse consequences, but a large amount of founding but can cause major accident.After the founding, open caisson collapses under the outer riverbed, and open caisson is tilted; Quicksand pours in the open caisson, and head escalates in the open caisson, and the inside and outside head difference of open caisson is excessive, and structures such as caisson wall steel concrete and waterproof cofferdam, open caisson top are wrecked.For preventing founding, should strictly observe relevant operational procedure, and what time followingly note:
1, in time grasps the inner mud degree of depth and the mud face discrepancy in elevation of inhaling of open caisson, adjust at any time and inhale the mud position;
2, open caisson enters the covering layer initial stage, for satisfying head balance requirement inside and outside the open caisson, and must be with water pumper moisturizing in open caisson;
When 3, the sword pin gos deep into covering layer, bury the connection steel pipe of the diameter 250mm of some underground at the borehole wall, with water level inside and outside the balance open caisson.
4, forbid to impel well sinking with the way of jetting,, also will forbid even sink to meeting difficulty in sword foot position.Around in the wellhole during jetting, discharge jet does not also allow to sword pin oblique cutting.
Eight, the clear base of open caisson, back cover
After caisson cutting edge sinks down into design elevation, the soil layer in the wellhole, under sword pin and the partition wall is cleared up, to form the pan bottom shape of sealing, its bottom of a pan size meets design requirement.Clear base adopts jetting, suction mud to hocket, note control mud face height 11 and do not want undue disturbance sword underfooting soil layer, in order to avoid cause founding, dell, abrupt slope, Dou Kan do not have below partition wall and the wellhole, should clear up the positions such as shearing resistance groove of open caisson simultaneously emphatically, make it well to bond stressed with the back cover concrete.The monitoring of clear base is finished by the diver with sub aqua diving qualification or underwater camera or underwater robot.
Adopt large-scale concrete work ship waterborne, the disposable open caisson back cover that carries out.
Nine, bearing platform construction
Cushion cap is constructed by the prevention of mass concrete scheme.
Claims (2)
1, method for constructing groundwork for large-scale sinking well in deep water, comprise that the whole manufacturing of open caisson box hat, integral body are gone to river, integral body connects height, whole transportation by driving, the weight anchor navigation system, box hat bottom lock or wellhole increase inflator and guarantee the dried measure of borehole wall concrete, the quick implantation of open caisson of watering to strengthen buoyancy, open caisson is inhaled mud sinking, open caisson deviation rectification technology, key process technology such as clear base, back cover.
2, according to the described method for constructing groundwork for large-scale sinking well in deep water of claim one, it is characterized in that:
(1) open caisson box hat employing integral body is made, integral body connects height, integral body is gone to river, whole transportation by driving technology, and this technology can guarantee the construction quality of welding of open caisson box hat and Deformation control, realizes waterborne, land parallel construction, accelerating construction progress;
(2) the weight anchor navigation system is my company obtained national inventing patent in 2005 a technology, and in time plan-position and the vertical position during the land riverbed is accurate fast under the floading condition condition can to guarantee open caisson;
(3) the box hat base section or all sealing or wellhole increase inflator to strengthen buoyancy, can guarantee the dried borehole wall concrete that waters, guarantee that concrete joint quality and concrete combine with steel work closely; Also can guarantee the quick implantation of open caisson by adding the venting of water or inflator in the wellhole;
When (4) open caisson is inhaled the mud sinking, purpose monitoring is carried out in borehole wall stress, distortion and relevant soil pressure, frictional resistance, bearing capacity, distortion etc., instruct and arrange to inhale the mud program; In a single day open caisson is offset, also instruct the open caisson deviation rectification construction by above-mentioned measure;
(5) after well sinking puts in place, substrate is monitored, instruct clear base work by the diver with sub aqua diving qualification or underwater camera or underwater robot; Adopt large-scale concrete work ship waterborne, the disposable open caisson back cover that carries out.
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| WO2009094912A1 (en) * | 2008-01-24 | 2009-08-06 | Cixin Ding | Caisson structure and method of sinking the caisson structure into the ground exactly |
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| WO2010148962A1 (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2010-12-29 | Ding Cixin | Peripheral support system for supporting sunk well and construction method thereof |
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| CN101918643A (en) * | 2008-01-24 | 2010-12-15 | 丁慈鑫 | Caisson structure and method of sinking the caisson structure into the ground exactly |
| CN101918643B (en) * | 2008-01-24 | 2012-10-10 | 丁慈鑫 | Caisson structure and method of sinking the caisson structure into the ground exactly |
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| CN108487279A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-09-04 | 郑州水务建筑工程股份有限公司 | A kind of control in irregular well sinking and method for correcting error |
| CN109403325A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-03-01 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | The more well foundations of major diameter steel reinforced concrete combinatorial cylinders distributing and its construction method |
| CN109403325B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2024-05-17 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Large-diameter steel-concrete combined cylinder dispersed multi-open caisson foundation and construction method thereof |
| CN109386006A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-02-26 | 上海绿地建设(集团)有限公司 | Suitable for the hydraulic steel cylinder caisset and caisson construction technology for exempting from resonance hammer construction |
| CN112523243A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-03-19 | 派利有限公司 | Caisson template |
| CN112523243B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2024-06-18 | 派利欧洲公司 | Caisson template |
| CN110924413A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-27 | 安庆市水利水电规划设计院 | River-damming-resistant well group and construction method thereof |
| CN111139855A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-05-12 | 孙华章 | Bottom concrete caisson capable of self-weight forced landing and construction method |
| CN111456066A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-07-28 | 中铁大桥勘测设计院集团有限公司 | Novel self-correcting open caisson and correcting method thereof |
| CN111794260A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-10-20 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | Construction method for sinking initial stage of open caisson |
| CN111926846A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-13 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | Initial deflection correction construction method for sinking bed of deep-water large-section open caisson foundation |
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