CN101000070A - Permanent magnetism and turbine composite bearing - Google Patents
Permanent magnetism and turbine composite bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN101000070A CN101000070A CN 200610137656 CN200610137656A CN101000070A CN 101000070 A CN101000070 A CN 101000070A CN 200610137656 CN200610137656 CN 200610137656 CN 200610137656 A CN200610137656 A CN 200610137656A CN 101000070 A CN101000070 A CN 101000070A
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- magnetic ring
- turbine
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- overcoat
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Abstract
The invention discloses a permanent magnet (PM)-turbine combined bearing, composed of lining and jacket where axial-magnetized annular PMs are arranged, where each end surface of the annular PM on the lining is a convex surface and that of the annular PM on the jacket is a concave surface, and the like poles of the annular PMs on the lining and jacket are opposite and axially isolated at a gap, and the lining and jacket generate both radial and axial repulsions to implement relative suspension of the lining and jacket; two ends of the lining (or jacket) are separately configured with a turbine, so that when the lining (or jacket) rotates at high speed, the turbine rotates and presses fluid into the gap between the lining and jacket to form high pressure air spring or static liquid layer, extremely suppressing relative jumping and swinging of the lining and jacket, so as to extremely improve bearing operation stability and reliability. And it has characters of compact structure, high rigidity, large unit-volume bearing ability, high operating stability and wide use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnetic suspension bearing, particularly a kind of permanent magnetism and turbine composite bearing.
Background technique
The rotating sleeve of magnetic suspension bearing and fixed cover rely on that magnetic force is relative to suspend, do not have when therefore working abrasion, noiseless, pollution-free, not transmitting vibrations, exempt to lubricate, non-maintaining, the life-span is long.
Magnetic suspension bearing has electromagnetic type, magneto, electromagnet and permanent magnet combined type, permanent magnetism and high temperature superconductor combined type.The magnetic force that electromagnetic type utilizes electric current to produce makes suspend relative with overcoat of interior cover of bearing.Electromagnetic type magnetic bearing structure complexity, and need the complicated circuit control system of configuration one cover just can make its interior cover running reach satisfied precision and stability.The electromagnet and permanent magnet combined type is equally also very complicated.Permanent magnetism and high temperature superconductor combined type magnetic bearing structure are more complicated, and manufacture cost is high.The permanent magnetism type magnetic suspension bearing only makes suspend relative with overcoat of interior cover of bearing with the magnetic force of permanent magnet, in general, the magneto suspension bearing is simple in structure with respect to foregoing alternate manner suspension bearing, and cost is low.Existing magneto is (perhaps axial) magnetic suspension bearing radially, structure is also fairly simple, but the existing permanent magnetism type magnetic suspension bearing that has radial and axial magnetic suspension function simultaneously, structure is complicated, per unit volume bearing capacity (ratio of bearing capacity value and bearing volume) is little, rigidity little (bearing capacity of bearing changes little with the space change of interior cover and overcoat), more discontented is because component manufacturing and assembly error are inevitable, stability is poor when causing bearing to run up, be circular runout and axial runout severity, even pivoted housing can take place and fixed cover collides or scratches, so poor practicability is difficult to be applied to wide field.
Summary of the invention
Problem such as the objective of the invention is to solve that existing magnetic bearing structure complexity, per unit volume bearing capacity are little, run stability can be poor, application is limited to, designed a kind of permanent magnetism and turbine composite bearing, compact structure, rigidity are greatly, the per unit volume bearing capacity is big, run stability is high, purposes is wide.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention is made up of interior cover and overcoat, at interior cover and overcoat the axial charging annular permanent magnet is set, in the crowning all formed of each end face of the annular permanent magnet that puts by two annular conical surfaces, and described both ends of the surface symmetry; The concave surface that the both ends of the surface of the annular permanent magnet that puts outward are made up of two annular conical surfaces, the tapering of ring awl is identical with the both ends of the surface tapering of inner sleeve shape permanent magnet; In cover to leave a gap same polarity vertically relative with the overcoat annular permanent magnet; Interior cover (or overcoat) is gone up two ends and is being overlapped a turbine respectively admittedly.
The present invention has the non magnetic axle sleeve of a supporting revolving shaft, a turbine is overlapped at the axle sleeve two ends respectively admittedly, admittedly overlap the annular permanent magnet of an axial charging on the cylindrical of non magnetic axle sleeve middle part, be called internal magnetic ring, internal magnetic ring also can be combined into alternately by the toroidal magnet polarity of two axial chargings, and the multipole vertically polarity of perhaps whole internal magnetic ring magnetizes alternately.The crowning that the both ends of the surface of internal magnetic ring all are made up of two annular conical surfaces, and both ends of the surface symmetry.Non magnetic axle sleeve, turbine, internal magnetic ring constitute interior cover of the present invention.
Outer magnetic ring is arranged in both ends of the surface external symmetry at described internal magnetic ring, every big gap of the non magnetic sleeve outer circle of boring ratio in the outer magnetic ring, the outer magnetic ring axial charging, outer magnetic ring also can be combined into alternately by the toroidal magnet polarity of two axial chargings, and the multipole vertically polarity of perhaps whole outer magnetic ring magnetizes alternately.The concave surface that the face that outer magnetic ring is relative with internal magnetic ring is made up of two annular conical surfaces, the other end of outer magnetic ring is the plane, it is relative that the face that outer magnetic ring is relative with internal magnetic ring leaves a gap same polarity vertically, the cylindrical of outer magnetic ring is than every big gap width of cylindrical of internal magnetic ring, and the material of outer magnetic ring, size and performance parameter are identical; Cylindrical cover magnetic conduction cylinder at outer magnetic ring; The outside end face of the end face of magnetic conduction cylinder and outer magnetic ring; There is the magnetic conduction disk of bellmouth orifice at the affixed center of end face of being close to the outside end face of outer magnetic ring and magnetic conduction cylinder, the end diameter of its bellmouth orifice is than every big gap of cylindrical of axle sleeve, do not wipe when the Outside diameter size of bellmouth orifice will make turbine put into and bump the loudspeaker hole wall, the exterior edge face of magnetic conduction disk flushes with the exterior edge face of turbine, and the cylindrical of magnetic conduction disk is identical with the cylindrical of magnetic conduction cylinder; Outer magnetic ring, magnetic conduction cylinder, magnetic conduction disk have constituted overcoat of the present invention.
During assembling, interior cover and overcoat peace are required to compress vertically, under cooling protection, take welding procedure that magnetic conduction cylinder and magnetic conduction disk are welded then, also can use Bolt Connection with the pressure frock.
Because inside and outside magnet ring is relative with the male and fomale(M﹠F) same polarity vertically, and the flow direction in the internal magnetic ring is identical with flow direction in the magnetic conduction cylinder, thereby make interior cover and be enclosed within radially outward, axially all produce repulsive force, suspend relative of cover in reaching with overcoat, and have stability.
The carrier of interplanting supporting rotating shaft in of the present invention, overcoat is as fixed cover; If the turbine that puts in removing, design the hole and the nest of turbine and magnetic conduction disk in addition, turbine and magnetic conduction disk is affixed, the interior cover of bearing of the present invention also can be made the fixed cover of support fixation axle, and the shape of the face that original internal magnetic ring is relative with outer magnetic ring is changed mutually, be beneficial to fluid in bearing between the overcoat crack flow, so, overcoat originally is as rotating sleeve, and interior cover originally is as fixed cover, and the function of promptly interior cover, overcoat can be exchanged simultaneously.
If the rotating speed of supported rotating shaft is low in the reality, beat and swing very for a short time, perhaps in vacuum environment, so, use the present invention need not dispose turbine, becomes pure permanent-magnet suspension bearing.
The effect that the present invention is useful is:
1. from overall structure: first, internal magnetic ring of the present invention, outer magnetic ring if respectively by whole permanent magnet single axial magnetize that internal magnetic ring and whole permanent magnet single axial magnetize that outer magnetic ring makes the time, the main flux of outer magnetic ring links to each other by the magnetic conduction cylinder and is connected into semiclosed shape, internal magnetic ring of the present invention, outer magnetic ring is if all be combined into alternately by the toroidal magnet polarity of two axial chargings respectively, the multipole vertically polarity of the perhaps whole internal magnetic ring composition that magnetizes alternately, main flux in the outer magnetic ring also becomes semiclosed shape by the magnetic conduction disk, these two kinds of structures, main flux in the outer magnetic ring all surrounds inner magnetic sleeve, so the leakage field minimum, the magnetic force utilization ratio is the highest.Second, remove crack and turbine influent stream gap between the interior overcoat, there is not any space again, extremely many permanent magnets have been assembled in the inner space of bearing, be exactly not dispose turbine, become pure permanent-magnet suspension bearing, compare with the existing magnetic suspension bearing that has radial and axial bearing function simultaneously, the present invention is simple and compact for structure, and the per unit volume bearing capacity is big, rigidity is big; The configuration turbine, compare with the more existing magnetic suspension bearing that has radial and axial bearing function simultaneously, structure of the present invention is still simple, compare with existing other similar bearing, structure of the present invention is perhaps complicated, but the configuration turbine has improved the performance (seeing useful effect explanation 2) of magnetic suspension bearing widely, has widened its application area.In addition, forming component of the present invention is ring, disc, cylindrical shape, good manufacturability.
2. when overlapping (or overcoat) high speed rotating in the present invention, the turbine at two ends, the gap that fluid (not corroding the surface-treated metal and the fluid of permanent magnet: as air, inert gas, light water, the liquid wet goods) spinning of environment of living in is gone between interior cover and the overcoat forms high pressure air cushion or quiet liquid layer, greatly strengthened the relative suspending power of interior cover and overcoat, contained that greatly the relative of interior cover and overcoat beat, swing, the rotating speed of axle is high more, effect is good more, thereby has greatly improved stability, the reliability of bearing operation.
3. the present invention removes turbine, and based on the actual application requirements, crack between cover, the overcoat in the design both can be used as single-acting shock absorber or damper and used, and can be used as multidirectional absorber or damper again and used.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention 2;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention 3;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention 4;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention 5;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention 6;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention 7;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention 8.
Embodiment
Mode of execution 1: show as Fig. 1, the present invention has the non magnetic axle sleeve 6 of a supporting revolving shaft, a turbine 5,9 is overlapped at axle sleeve 6 two ends respectively admittedly, admittedly overlap the annular permanent magnet 2 of an axial charging on the cylindrical of axle sleeve middle part, be called internal magnetic ring, the crowning that its both ends of the surface all are made up of two ring awls (tapering is determined according to radial and axial requirement for bearing capacity) face, and both ends of the surface symmetry.Non magnetic axle sleeve 6, turbine 5,9, internal magnetic ring 2 constitute the interior cover of bearing of the present invention.
At two outer magnetic rings 4,7 of both ends of the surface external symmetry configuration of internal magnetic ring 2, circle is than every big gap of non magnetic axle sleeve 6 cylindricals, outer magnetic ring 4,7 axial chargings in the outer magnetic ring 4,7.The concave surface that outer magnetic ring 4,7 and internal magnetic ring 2 relative faces are made up of two ring awl (the both ends of the surface tapering of tapering and inner sleeve shape permanent magnet is identical) faces, the other end of outer magnetic ring 4,7 is planes, it is relative that outer magnetic ring 4,7 and internal magnetic ring 2 relative faces leave a gap same polarity vertically, and the cylindrical of outer magnetic ring 4,7 is than every big gap of cylindrical of internal magnetic ring 2.Material, size and the performance parameter of two outer magnetic rings 4,7 are identical.At the tight cover of the cylindrical one magnetic conduction cylinder 1 of outer magnetic ring 4,7, the end face of magnetic conduction cylinder flushes with the outside end face (plane) of outer magnetic ring 4,7.There is the magnetic conduction disk 3,8 of bellmouth orifice at the affixed center of end face of being close to the outside end face of outer magnetic ring 4,7 and magnetic conduction cylinder 1, the end diameter of its bellmouth orifice is than every big gap of cylindrical of non magnetic axle sleeve 6, do not wipe when the Outside diameter size of bellmouth orifice is put into turbine 5,9 and bump the loudspeaker hole wall, the exterior edge face of magnetic conduction disk 3,8 flushes with the exterior edge face of turbine 5,9, and the cylindrical of magnetic conduction disk 3,8 is identical with the cylindrical of magnetic conduction cylinder 1.Outer magnetic ring 4,7, magnetic conduction cylinder 1, magnetic conduction disk 3,8 have constituted the overcoat of this invention.
During assembling, interior cover and overcoat peace are required to compress vertically, under cooling protection, take welding procedure that magnetic conduction cylinder and magnetic conduction disk are welded then, also can use Bolt Connection with the pressure frock.
Because it is relative that internal magnetic ring 2 and outer magnetic ring 4,7 leave a bearing play same polarity conical surface vertically, and the flow direction in the internal magnetic ring 2 is identical with flow direction in the magnetic conduction cylinder 1, so on the conical surface of internal magnetic ring 2 and outer magnetic ring 4,7, both produced axially mutual repulsive force, produced radially repulsive force mutually again.And because material, size and the performance parameter of outer magnetic ring 4,7 is identical, thereby magnetic repulsion equal and opposite in direction, direction are opposite, so overlap suspend relative with overcoat in the present invention, have stability radial and axial.Interior cover (or overcoat) is gone up two ends and is being overlapped a turbine respectively admittedly, when interior cover (or overcoat) high speed rotating, turbine (does not corrode the surface-treated metal and the fluid of permanent magnet: as air with the fluid of described bearing environment of living in, inert gas, light water, liquid wet goods) gap in spinning is gone between cover and the overcoat forms high pressure air cushion or quiet liquid layer, greatly strengthened the relative suspending power of interior cover and overcoat, contained that greatly interior cover and the relative of overcoat beat, swing, thereby greatly improved the stability of bearing operation, reliability, the rotating speed of axle is high more, and work of the present invention is good more.
Mode of execution 2: show as Fig. 2.If the rotating speed of supported rotating shaft is low in the reality, beat and swing very little, perhaps in vacuum environment, so, use mode of execution 1 described bearing need not dispose turbine 5 and 9, become and the non magnetic axle sleeve 6 in the mode of execution 1, magnetic conduction disk 3 and 8 corresponding Fig. 2 of making into are shown shown in non magnetic axle sleeve 11, magnetic conduction disk 10 and 12, become pure permanent-magnet suspension bearing.
Mode of execution 3: show as Fig. 3.When needs bearing outside of the present invention rotates, and when interior cover is fixed, for driving fluid, the interior edge face of the outer magnetic ring that helps rotating in the bearing play, compresses, make the axle sleeve in the mode of execution 16, magnetic conduction disk 3 and 8, turbine 5 and 9, internal magnetic ring 2, outer magnetic ring 4 and 7 non magnetic axle sleeve 15, magnetic conduction disk 17 and 19, turbine 16 and 20, internal magnetic ring 13, the outer magnetic ring 14 and 18 of Fig. 3 shown in showing into successively, the recessed end face of internal magnetic ring 13 is the recessed end surface shape of former outer magnetic ring 4 and 7, and outer magnetic ring 14 and 18 convex surface are the convex surface shape of former internal magnetic ring 2.Make turbine 16 and 20 affixed with magnetic conduction disk 19 and 17 respectively, make the interior circle of turbine 16 and 20 and the every face of cylindrical of axle sleeve 15 separate a gap.
Mode of execution 4: show as Fig. 4.If the rotating speed of supported rotating shaft is low in the reality, beat and swing very little, perhaps in vacuum environment, so, use mode of execution 3 described bearings need not dispose turbine 16 and 20, become and, become pure permanent-magnet suspension bearing the non magnetic axle sleeve 15 in the mode of execution 3, magnetic conduction disk 17 and 19 corresponding non magnetic axle sleeve 11 shown in Figure 2, the magnetic conduction disks 10 and 12 of making into.
Mode of execution 5: show as Fig. 5.The toroidal magnet polarity that the internal magnetic ring of the bearing of mode of execution 1 is become by two axial chargings is combined into alternately, perhaps becoming the multipole vertically polarity of whole internal magnetic ring magnetizes alternately, outer magnetic ring is also correspondingly pressed the internal magnetic ring making method and is made, and internal magnetic ring always same polarity is relative with outer magnetic ring.The internal magnetic ring 2, the outer magnetic ring 4 and 7 that are about among Fig. 1 make internal magnetic ring shown in Figure 5 21 and 24, outer magnetic ring 22-23-25-26 successively into.Because main flux by the magnetic conduction cylinder, can not make the magnetic conduction cylinder 1 among Fig. 1 into the less magnetic cylinder 27 of cylindrical shown in Figure 5, and make into magnetic cylinder 27 cylindricals the magnetic conduction disk cylindrical among Fig. 1 onesize accordingly.The advantage of present embodiment is to have dwindled the bearing radial dimension.
Mode of execution 6: show as Fig. 6.If the rotating speed of supported rotating shaft is low in the reality, beat and swing very for a short time, perhaps in vacuum environment, so, use mode of execution 5 described bearings need not dispose turbine, become pure permanent-magnet suspension bearing.
Mode of execution 7: show as Fig. 7.The toroidal magnet polarity that the internal magnetic ring of the bearing of mode of execution 3 is become by two axial chargings is combined into alternately, perhaps becoming the multipole vertically polarity of whole internal magnetic ring magnetizes alternately, outer magnetic ring is also correspondingly pressed the internal magnetic ring making method and is made, and internal magnetic ring always same polarity is relative with outer magnetic ring.The internal magnetic ring 13, the outer magnetic ring 14 and 18 that are about among Fig. 3 make internal magnetic ring shown in Figure 7 28 and 31, outer magnetic ring 29-30-32-33 successively into.Because main flux by the magnetic conduction cylinder, can not make the magnetic conduction cylinder 1 among Fig. 1 into the less magnetic cylinder 27 of cylindrical shown in Figure 5, and make into magnetic cylinder 27 cylindricals the magnetic conduction disk cylindrical among Fig. 1 onesize accordingly.The advantage of present embodiment is to have dwindled the bearing radial dimension.
Mode of execution 8: show as Fig. 8.If the rotating speed of supported rotating shaft is low in the reality, beat and swing very for a short time, perhaps in vacuum environment, so, use mode of execution 7 described bearings need not dispose turbine, become pure permanent-magnet suspension bearing.
Claims (6)
1. permanent magnetism and turbine composite bearing, it is characterized in that: it is made up of interior cover and overcoat, at interior cover and overcoat the axial charging annular permanent magnet is set, in the crowning all formed of each end face of the annular permanent magnet that puts by two annular conical surfaces, and described both ends of the surface symmetry; The concave surface that the both ends of the surface of the annular permanent magnet that puts outward are made up of two annular conical surfaces, the tapering of ring awl is identical with the both ends of the surface tapering of inner sleeve shape permanent magnet; In cover to leave a gap same polarity vertically relative with the overcoat annular permanent magnet; In cover or put two ends outward and overlapping a turbine respectively admittedly.
2. permanent magnetism according to claim 1 and turbine composite bearing, it is characterized in that: the present invention has the non magnetic axle sleeve of a supporting revolving shaft, a turbine is overlapped at its two ends respectively admittedly, admittedly overlap the annular permanent magnet of an axial charging on the cylindrical of non magnetic axle sleeve middle part, be called internal magnetic ring, internal magnetic ring also can be combined into alternately by the toroidal magnet polarity of two axial chargings, and the multipole vertically polarity of perhaps whole internal magnetic ring magnetizes alternately.The crowning that the both ends of the surface of internal magnetic ring all are made up of two annular conical surfaces, and both ends of the surface symmetry.Non magnetic axle sleeve, turbine, internal magnetic ring constitute interior cover of the present invention.
3. permanent magnetism according to claim 1 and turbine composite bearing, it is characterized in that: outer magnetic ring is arranged in the both ends of the surface external symmetry at described internal magnetic ring, every big gap of the non magnetic sleeve outer circle of boring ratio in the outer magnetic ring, the outer magnetic ring axial charging, outer magnetic ring also can be combined into alternately by the toroidal magnet polarity of two axial chargings, and the multipole vertically polarity of perhaps whole outer magnetic ring magnetizes alternately.The concave surface that the face that outer magnetic ring is relative with internal magnetic ring is made up of two annular conical surfaces, the other end of outer magnetic ring is the plane, it is relative that the face that outer magnetic ring is relative with internal magnetic ring leaves a gap same polarity vertically, the cylindrical of outer magnetic ring is than every big gap width of cylindrical of internal magnetic ring, and the material of outer magnetic ring, size and performance parameter are identical; Cylindrical cover magnetic conduction cylinder at outer magnetic ring; The outside end face of the end face of magnetic conduction cylinder and outer magnetic ring; There is the magnetic conduction disk of bellmouth orifice at the affixed center of end face of being close to the outside end face of outer magnetic ring and magnetic conduction cylinder, the end diameter of its bellmouth orifice is than every big gap of cylindrical of axle sleeve, do not wipe when the Outside diameter size of bellmouth orifice will make turbine put into and bump the loudspeaker hole wall, the exterior edge face of magnetic conduction disk flushes with the exterior edge face of turbine, and the cylindrical of magnetic conduction disk is identical with the cylindrical of magnetic conduction cylinder; Outer magnetic ring, magnetic conduction cylinder, magnetic conduction disk have constituted overcoat of the present invention.
4. permanent magnetism according to claim 1 and turbine composite bearing is characterized in that: the carrier of interplanting supporting rotating shaft in described, and overcoat is as fixed cover; As if the turbine that puts in removing, design the hole and the nest of turbine and magnetic conduction disk in addition, turbine and magnetic conduction disk is affixed, and described interior cover also can be made the fixed cover of support fixation axle, and overcoat is as rotating sleeve.The function of cover, overcoat can be exchanged simultaneously promptly.
5. permanent magnetism according to claim 1 and turbine composite bearing is characterized in that: using in some cases, can not dispose turbine.
6. permanent magnetism according to claim 1 and turbine composite bearing is characterized in that: remove turbine, become unidirectional or multidirectional absorber, can also become unidirectional or multidirectional damper.
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CNB2006101376563A CN100489327C (en) | 2006-11-02 | 2006-11-02 | Permanent magnetism and turbine composite bearing |
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CNB2006101376563A CN100489327C (en) | 2006-11-02 | 2006-11-02 | Permanent magnetism and turbine composite bearing |
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CN101000070A true CN101000070A (en) | 2007-07-18 |
CN100489327C CN100489327C (en) | 2009-05-20 |
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CNB2006101376563A Expired - Fee Related CN100489327C (en) | 2006-11-02 | 2006-11-02 | Permanent magnetism and turbine composite bearing |
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CN102374233A (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2012-03-14 | 刘新广 | Permanent-magnetic electric suspension bearing |
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CN103185073A (en) * | 2012-01-02 | 2013-07-03 | 张玉宝 | Magnetic bearing and method for improving utilization of magnetic energy of magnetic bearing |
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CN101571161B (en) * | 2008-05-04 | 2012-08-01 | 刘新广 | Magnetic sliding bearing |
CN101619746B (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2012-09-12 | 刘新广 | Nonequilibrium magnetic sliding bearing |
CN102374233A (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2012-03-14 | 刘新广 | Permanent-magnetic electric suspension bearing |
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CN111677753A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-18 | 张华文 | Vibration compensation type roller bearing for ultrahigh rotating speed rotor |
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