CN100998293A - Method for cultivating black fungus with high yield - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for culturing Auricularia auricula with high output includes such steps as preparing mother seed, preparing stock, stock inoculating, preparing the seed to be cultured, laying the culturing bags on ground or beds, loading said seeds to be cultured in said culturing bags, and culturing while managing. A process for laying the culturing bags is also disclosed.

Description

Method for cultivating black fungus with high yield

Technical field:

The invention belongs to cultivating method for mushroom, particularly a kind of method for cultivating black fungus with high yield.

Background technology:

Tradition cultivation of auricularia auricula method adopts segment wood cultivated method, comprises with original seed squeezing into operations such as rod, ground are put, awning mould, and floor space is big, yields poorly canopy mould expense height.

Summary of the invention:

The present invention is intended to solve the problems referred to above that traditional cultivation of auricularia auricula method exists, and a kind of low, instant effect, floor space is little, output is high bacterium bag ground pendulum-type method for cultivating black fungus with high yield of investing is provided.

The technical scheme that addresses the above problem is: a kind of method for cultivating black fungus with high yield, comprise the female kind of preparation, preparation original seed, original seed inoculation step, and also comprise the steps:

A, preparation cultivated species: the ratio in following parts by weight is got material: wood chip 80, soybean cake powder 2, corn flour 2, land plaster 1, husband's skin 15, earlier above-mentioned raw materials is mixed, stirs, adding water again mixes wet, humidity with hold tight back one, degree of being unclamps and can scatter naturally, divide the cultivating bacteria bag of packing into then, to bacterium bag sterilization;

B, the inoculation of bacterium bag: send transfer room with the cultivating bacteria bag behind the sterilization, be cooled to below 28 ℃, under the aseptic condition postvaccinal original seed is inserted cultivating bacteria bag, bacteria is sent out bacterium then, and the bacteria room temperature is controlled at 24 ℃～28 ℃, is stranded 15～20 days bacterium time;

C, bacterium bag ground pendulum:

(i) woods is irritated cultivation down: the area that does not have the level land, select on the sunny side, tree shade, high humidity are arranged, make nearly water source and be difficult for again being put by the place of water logging, to directly swing in the place behind the bacterium bag opening, water 2～3 time water to the bacterium bag every day after 15 days, go out the ear bud and water the water yield to walnut when big and strengthen, keep the auricle production status;

(ii) open-air formula cultivation: accomplish fluently the bacterium bed in advance, the bacterium bed waters sufficient water before the pendulum bag, treating that water oozes to going away gets final product, with the sealing of agricultural chemicals second grass ammonia, spread some grass to bacterium bed surface then, spill one deck lime above again, can put bag by the following method: the blade with sterilization is opened 9-12 V-type mouth around the bacterium bag, about 2 centimetres of knife edge length, opening is with Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and following row's mouth is from 3 centimetres of bacterium bag bottoms, it is about 0.2 centimetre that cutter puts the bacterium bag degree of depth under, bacterium bag inverted pendulum is on the bacterium bed behind the designated port, and a vernalization mouth is opened in bag bottom up, 3 centimetres at interval in bacterium bag;

D, the preceding management of sprouting: after the bacterium bag set, with on the bacterium bedcover, temperature covered the straw screen or mat insulation again when low with plastic foil, start the both sides of film night after 8 days, in order to ventilation, reduce temperature, build daytime, when temperature is higher than more than 23 ℃, opened film daytime every day, and build night, to 15-20 days, when treating that edge of a knife both sides produce black line or coralliform ear bud, plastic foil removed accept sun lights and shine;

E, the back management of sprouting: sun lights is shone after 2 days and is watered to the bacterium bag, and sprinkling method is that discontinuity sprays, and amount few time is many, with drying shrinkage degree of being not behind the ear, treat that the ear bud is gradually big after 10 days, strengthen again and water the water yield, water always grow up to auricularia auriculajudae till, treat after stopping to water that the auricle shrink slightly can gather.

Method for cultivating black fungus with high yield of the present invention has floor space, output and the high outstanding advantage of economic benefit of minimizing, and through comparative trial, its output and economic benefit are respectively 7.9 times and 24.6 times of traditional segment wood cultivated method; The anti-assorted bacterium ability of bacterium bag is strong, and its fruit body auricle hypertrophy, meat is thick, commodity good, and every bag goes out dried ear amount and can reach 40 grams, plants 10,000 bags and needs one mu of floor space, and net profit can reach 10300 yuan, and economic benefit is very considerable; Bacterium bag content after the cultivation can be improved the soil as organic matter, as feed and fuel comprehensive utilization value height.

Method for cultivating black fungus with high yield of the present invention, fully can industrialization, its investment is little, can employing company adds peasant household's mode and develops, especially woodear is not only nutritious, and also have special food therapy health effect, and can carry out fine finishining to the thick product that reclaims, improve the added value of commodity, so not only can drive the development of household economy, increase income of non-agricultural workers, and can form regional extraordinary product and economic advantages, its social benefit will be very huge.

Embodiment:

Below in conjunction with embodiment in detail the present invention is described in detail.

Its step of the described method for cultivating black fungus with high yield of present embodiment is as follows:

1, preparation is female plants:

Ratio in following parts by weight is got material: peeling potato 20, agar 20, powdered glucose 20 are raw material, potato is cleaned the section shape put the high pressure pan boiling, cross leaching soup, add in the soup and boil again after agar, powdered glucose and suitable quantity of water stir, after leaching soup, with soup packing test tube, sealing test tube mouth and overcoat plastic foil are put autoclave sterilization in the pressure cooker; Get the auricularia auriculajudae that bubble is opened, clean, dry, sterilize, be divided into strip, each test tube is inserted a slice, fermentation then, and fermentation temperature remains between 23 ℃～24 ℃, fermentation time 15～20 days.

2, preparation original seed:

Ratio in following parts by weight is got material: wood chip 80, soybean cake powder 2, corn flour 2, land plaster 1, husband's skin 15, and above-mentioned raw materials and an amount of water are mixed, stir, divide to install in the bottle, into bacterium pot high-temperature sterilization sterilization seals a bottle.

3, original seed inoculation:

Indoor at aseptic inoculation, mother is planted invisible spectro female the kind insert in the original seed bottle that above-mentioned sterilization takes the dish out of the pot, bacteria fermentation then, fermentation temperature remains between 24 ℃～28 ℃, fermentation time 30 days.

4, preparation cultivated species:

Ratio in following parts by weight is got material: wood chip 80, soybean cake powder 2, corn flour 2, land plaster 1, husband's skin 15, earlier above-mentioned raw materials is mixed, stirs, adding water again mixes wet, humidity with hold tight back one, degree of being unclamps and can scatter naturally, packing into then, (60～70 bags of general 100 jin of cultivated species material packing are to bacterium bag sterilization for cultivating bacteria bag.

5, bacterium bag inoculation:

Send transfer room with the cultivating bacteria bag behind the sterilization, be cooled to below 28 ℃, under the aseptic condition original seed in the postvaccinal original seed bottle is inserted cultivating bacteria bag, bacteria is sent out bacterium then, and the bacteria room temperature is controlled between 24 ℃～28 ℃, is stranded 15～20 days bacterium time.

6, bacterium bag ground pendulum:

1. woods is irritated cultivation down: do not have the area on level land, select on the sunny side, have tree shade (seven fens shady forest lands of three fens sun), high humidity, make nearly water source and be difficult for again being put by the place of water logging.Woods is irritated cultivation down, directly swinging in the place behind the bacterium bag opening, can water to the bacterium bag after 15 days, originally will water the short time, and logical get final product went out the ear bud and added big yield to walnut when big every days 2～3, kept auricle energy production status to get final product.

2. open-air formula cultivation: preparation, accomplish fluently the bacterium bed in advance, bacterium bed length is not limit, and 1.4 meters of bacterium beds are wide, and 3 meters of the distances between bacterium bed and the bacterium bed comprise the area that spreads bacterium bag and passageway.Before pendulum bag, the bacterium bed is watered sufficient water, treats that water oozes to going away get final product, seal, spread some grass to bacterium bed surface then, spill one deck lime above again, put by the following method then bag with agricultural chemicals second grass ammonia:

The bacterium bag is stood upside down, blade with sterilization is opened 9-12 V-type mouth around bag, about 2 centimetres of knife edge length, for well, following row is mouthful from 3 centimetres of bacterium bag bottoms with Chinese character pin-shaped, and it is about 0.2 centimetre that cutter puts the bacterium bag degree of depth under, draw poor more mashed well, bacterium bag inverted pendulum is on the bacterium bed behind the designated port, and a vernalization mouth is opened in bag bottom up, 3 centimetres at interval in bacterium bag.

7, the preceding management of sprouting:

With good conditionsi, bacterium bag opening in the bacterium chamber or vacant house put 5-7 days, beginning in the 4th day watering earthward increases temperature, swings in the bacterium bed after 7 days, also can limit opening edge pendulum.3 centimetres at interval in bacterium bag is put 1.4 meters wide, and length is as the criterion with the sprinkling irrigation distance, after the bacterium bag sets, with on the bacterium bedcover, cover woven straw or straw with the thick plastic foil in three roads again, temperature is lower than below 20 ℃, and start the both sides of film night after 8 days, in order to ventilation, reduce temperature, build daytime.When temperature was higher than more than 23 ℃, opened film daytime every day, and build night, is interrupted management several times like this, and the time reaches 15-20 days, and edge of a knife both sides promptly produce black line or coralliform ear bud, at this moment woven straw and plastic foil can be removed, and accepts sun lights and shine.

8, sprout back management: accept sun lights and shine and can water to the bacterium bag two days later, water and want time volume water, the ear bud is gradually big after 10 days, and this moment, the water yield strengthened, and wanted discontinuity to spray but water, water always grow up to auricularia auriculajudae till.When temperature is higher than more than 28 ℃, since morning 9 discontinuity water at 4 in afternoon, water the water yield at every turn and will decide with auricularia auriculajudae moisture content, size and temperature height, approximately whenever, watered when temperature is high ten minutes, be interrupted half an hour to 1 hour, this cries sees the ear feedwater, keeps behind the ear not drying shrinkage for spending.The pouring management is after more than 20 day like this, and auricle is promptly ripe, can gather.Generally adopting and stay for a short time greatly, is that bacterium piece extexine gets rid of with the big basal part of the ear of maturation portion, and the bacterium bag upper bottom portion or the whole body produce not scale ear bud, and available cutter is cut it is cut off and exposed the ear bud, notes not hindering the microtia bud under the eardrum; As find bacterium bag bottom pollution microbes, and the bacterium position bacterium bag of mixing can be taken off light, accept sunlight and be exposed to the sun, and spray the assorted bacterium medicine that goes out.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of method for cultivating black fungus with high yield comprises the female kind of preparation, preparation original seed, original seed inoculation step, it is characterized in that also comprising the steps:

A, preparation cultivated species: the ratio in following parts by weight is got material: wood chip 80, soybean cake powder 2, corn flour 2, land plaster 1, husband's skin 15, earlier above-mentioned raw materials is mixed, stirs, adding water again mixes wet, humidity with hold tight back one, degree of being unclamps and can scatter naturally, divide the cultivating bacteria bag of packing into then, to bacterium bag sterilization;

B, the inoculation of bacterium bag: send transfer room with the cultivating bacteria bag behind the sterilization, be cooled to below 28 ℃, under the aseptic condition postvaccinal original seed is inserted cultivating bacteria bag, bacteria is sent out bacterium then, and the bacteria room temperature is controlled at 24 ℃～28 ℃, is stranded 15～20 days bacterium time;

C, bacterium bag ground pendulum:

(i) woods is irritated cultivation down: the area that does not have the level land, select on the sunny side, tree shade, high humidity are arranged, make nearly water source and be difficult for again being put by the place of water logging, to directly swing in the place behind the bacterium bag opening, water 2～3 time water to the bacterium bag every day after 15 days, go out the ear bud and water the water yield to walnut when big and strengthen, keep the auricle production status;

(ii) open-air formula cultivation: accomplish fluently the bacterium bed in advance, the bacterium bed waters sufficient water before the pendulum bag, treating that water oozes to going away gets final product, with the sealing of agricultural chemicals second grass ammonia, spread some grass to bacterium bed surface then, spill one deck lime above again, can put bag by the following method: the blade with sterilization is opened 9-12 V-type mouth around the bacterium bag, about 2 centimetres of knife edge length, opening is with Chinese character pin-shaped arrangement, and following row's mouth is from 3 centimetres of bacterium bag bottoms, it is about 0.2 centimetre that cutter puts the bacterium bag degree of depth under, bacterium bag inverted pendulum is on the bacterium bed behind the designated port, and a vernalization mouth is opened in bag bottom up, 3 centimetres at interval in bacterium bag;

D, the preceding management of sprouting: after the bacterium bag set, with on the bacterium bedcover, temperature covered the straw screen or mat insulation again when low with plastic foil, start the both sides of film night after 8 days, in order to ventilation, reduce temperature, build daytime, when temperature is higher than more than 23 ℃, opened film daytime every day, and build night, to 15-20 days, when treating that edge of a knife both sides produce black line or coralliform ear bud, plastic foil removed accept sun lights and shine;

E, the back management of sprouting: sun lights is shone after 2 days and is watered to the bacterium bag, and sprinkling method is that discontinuity sprays, and amount few time is many, with drying shrinkage degree of being not behind the ear, treat that the ear bud is gradually big after 10 days, strengthen again and water the water yield, water always grow up to auricularia auriculajudae till, treat after stopping to water that the auricle shrink slightly can gather.