CN1007500B - 浴缸用的复合板或层压板的生产方法 - Google Patents

浴缸用的复合板或层压板的生产方法

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Publication number
CN1007500B
CN1007500B CN86104657A CN86107866A CN1007500B CN 1007500 B CN1007500 B CN 1007500B CN 86104657 A CN86104657 A CN 86104657A CN 86107866 A CN86107866 A CN 86107866A CN 1007500 B CN1007500 B CN 1007500B
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Prior art keywords
flow index
melt flow
abs
making sheet
bathtub
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Expired
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CN86104657A
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CN86107866A (zh
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威廉·克莱普施
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Senoplast Klepsch and Co GmbH
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Senoplast Klepsch and Co GmbH
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Application filed by Senoplast Klepsch and Co GmbH filed Critical Senoplast Klepsch and Co GmbH
Publication of CN86107866A publication Critical patent/CN86107866A/zh
Publication of CN1007500B publication Critical patent/CN1007500B/zh
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
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    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
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    • B22D11/0605—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two belts, e.g. Hazelett-process
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Bathtubs, Showers, And Their Attachments (AREA)

Abstract

浴缸用的层压板的生产方法，包括通过制板模具共挤压出一层苯乙烯-丁二烯-丙烯晴共聚物(ABS)支撑层及一层聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA丙烯酸酯类有机玻璃)覆盖层。形成覆盖层的丙烯酸酯类有机玻璃按DIN 53735标准测定的熔体流体流动指数MFI230℃/3.8至多为2.0，而丙烯酸酯类有机玻璃和构成支撑层的ABS通过不同分布材料槽直接导入模具中。

Description

本发明涉及适用于用深拉法生产嵌件浴缸所用的复合板或层压板的生产方法，该方法可由通过制板模具共挤出一层苯乙烯-丁二烯-丙烯腈共聚物（ABS）的支撑层及一层聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA，丙烯酸酯类有机玻璃）的覆盖层来实现。
迄今就人们熟悉的这类方法的程度而言，需加以组合的材料是先进行挤压，然后在适配器中拼起来并配粘合在一起，然后才通过制板模具一起挤压成形。只需要进行粘合的各种材料在给定温度下具有相近的粘滞性，则上述方法不会遇到任何困难。这种情况，正如ABS/与丙烯酸酯有机玻璃这两种材料，如果按西德工业标准DIN53735所测定的熔体流动指数MFI230℃/3.8约为6时就是如此。
对按传统的方法生产的材板经深拉延而制成的浴缸的寿命进行研究，其结果表明，大约经过500次热水冷水交替循环之后，在丙烯酸酯有机玻璃表面上可观察到第一批细小裂纹。这数值只能满足普通要求，而问题在于既要大大增加浴缸交替盛装热水和冷水的次数而又不致造成浴缸的明显损坏。令人惊奇地发现采用溶体流动指数较低的丙烯酸酯有机玻璃就是实现上述既定目标的基本先决条件。
我们所发现的解决办法，从一开始就不是显而易见的，其原因是，因为适用于与ABS一起共挤压的各种丙烯酸酯类有机玻璃即使在熔体流动指数MFI彼此差别很大时，其已知的机械性能如抗弯强度、抗张强度、抗冲击性、布氏硬度及刻痕硬度却彼此则相差甚微。因此，完全没有理由认为了延长浴缸的使用寿命而改用熔体流动指数MFI较低丙烯酸 酯类有机玻璃。况且，这种尝试还面临着担心是否能够采用传统的方法将熔体流动指数较低的丙烯酸酯类有机玻璃与ABS进行共挤压。因此，为使必需的试验顺利地进行，首先必须找出对有关的材料对进行共挤压的方法。为此目的，终于发现应用多浇注***模具是行得通的办法。令人惊奇地发现，所进行的试验显示当熔体流动指数降至低于大约2的数值时，由这种层压板材料制成的浴缸的寿命突然增加。因此作为本发明基础的解决上述问题的办法就归结于形成覆盖的丙烯酸酯有机玻璃按DIN    53735标准测定的熔体流动指数MFI230℃/3.8至多为2.0，而且丙烯酸酯有机玻璃与构成支撑层的ABS是在不同的分布材料槽中直接导入制板模具中的，而该分布材料槽的阔度基本上相当于制板模具的阔度。
现参考附图对本发明作详细说明。
图1为实施本发明方法的装置之简图。
图2说明浴缸的耐用性与所使用的丙烯酸酯有机玻璃的熔体流动指数的依赖关。
图1所示的设备即为所称之多浇注***模具装置。为此通常是将要制成层压板的片层材料首先固定其宽度与厚度，并只在最接近挤压模具的出料道的区域与层压板的其他片层材料粘合。相反，传统的工序是将不同塑料的各个片层材料在送进模具之前先拼在一起，然后通过所述模具共同进行挤压。
图1所示为本发明的设备的主要部分的简图中制板模具的上唇1与下唇2，及上模体3与下模体4，在该模体中装配了多个分布材料槽。在所述的图示中，层压板是由4个片层组成的，即覆盖层、上过渡层、下过渡层及支撑层，它们是在分布材料槽5、7、9及11中依次形成的。形成片层的材料是通过装在模体内而其宽度约为层压板之宽度的连通道供应，而由延伸到各个供应材料分布槽的宽度的反压杆决定其厚度。分布材料槽5、7、9及11分别与反压杆6、8、10及12相关联的。
本发明的重要特点是，在各个分布材料槽中形成的片层材料只是在模具的出口处直接拼配在一起。该出料口包括上唇1及下唇2。由于在出料口处直接拼配，它们的流变性能保持不变而没有反向效应。
制造浴缸的层压板片层所用的独立材料的流变性能的差异是值得考虑的，特别是当用丙烯酸酯有机玻璃覆盖层铺于单层或多层ABS支撑层上时，所使用的丙烯酸酯有机玻璃的熔体流动指数的值应较低。这种以既宽又厚的板形式的材料的双层压制共挤压，只有在层状的结构中各层片一经拼配在一起之后，马上就被制板模具坚固的外壁的动作所固定时才能合理地实现。另一方面，由图2可以看出采用熔体流动指数较低的丙烯酸酯有机玻璃的优点。图2中纵坐标为按照有关的欧洲标准化委员会（CEN）规范所规定的浴缸在出现第一批细小裂纹前所能耐受的交替的盛装热水与冷水的循环次数。在这种试验中，严格规定试验的条件为将95℃热水和12℃的冷水交替盛装于浴缸中。
图2中所展示的令人惊奇的是，当铺在ABS支撑层上的丙烯酸酯有机玻璃覆盖层的熔体流动指数低于2时，浴缸对周期性地交替盛装热水和冷水而出现细小裂纹的耐受力，显著增加。在制备层压板尚不致出现问题的情况下，最佳熔体流动指数约为1。熔体流动指数是按DIN35735标准测定的，它表明在限定条件下一定时间内压入模具中的样品质量。在本发明的情况下，规定为熔体流动指数MFI230℃/3.8，意即测试设备的温度为230℃而被测材料的质量负荷为3.8±0.02公斤。
如上所述，浴缸对交替盛装热水和冷水的耐受力强烈地依赖于丙烯酸酯有机玻璃的熔体流动指数，这显然是令人惊奇的，因为材料的一般机械性能根本没有显示出这种关系。

Claims (2)

1、一种浴缸用的复合板或层压板的生产方法，所述方法包括通过一个制板模具共挤压出一层苯二烯-丁二烯-丙烯腈共聚物(ABS)支撑层与一层直接粘合的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA，丙烯酸酯类有机玻璃)覆盖层，其特征在于，其中形成覆盖层的丙烯酸酯类有机玻璃按DIN53735标准测定的熔体流动指数MFI230℃/3.8至多为2，同时，丙烯酸酯类有机玻璃与形成支撑层的ABS通过不同分布材料槽直接导入制板模具中，该槽的阔度基本上与制板模具的阔度相等。
2、按照权利要求1所述层压板的生产方法，其特征是，其中所述丙烯酸酯类有机玻璃的最佳熔体流动指数约为1。
CN86104657A 1985-11-14 1986-11-13 浴缸用的复合板或层压板的生产方法 Expired CN1007500B (zh)

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