CN100593719C - Method for investigating failure connection of engineering structure by signal focus - Google Patents
Method for investigating failure connection of engineering structure by signal focus Download PDFInfo
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method used signal focalizing to monitor engineering structure connecting failure. It includes the following steps: collecting structure response signal; time inversion processing; sensing signal focalizing; characteristic parameter extracting and structure health identifying. It can increase sensitivity for the structure connecting failure monitoring method based on acoustic excitation, be good for the practicality of the technique, and actualized method.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that engineering structure is monitored, relate in particular to a kind of method that the connection of plate class engineering structure was lost efficacy and monitored.
Two, background technology
Along with to the improving constantly of safety of structure, reliability requirement, the on-line monitoring of structural damage and diagnosis cause people's great attention day by day.The connecting portion of structure is to take place easily to connect the position of losing efficacy, and for disaster or the loss that prevents that structural damage from bringing, must effectively monitor structure.
Structure damage, when defective or geometric properties change, its centre frequency can change thereupon, this moment, corresponding variation also can take place in response of structure under same excitation, according to this principle, can monitor the health status of structure.It is a kind of typical structural damage that the connection of plate structure was lost efficacy, and therefore adopts the response of structure under acoustic wave excitation as characteristic quantity, can investigate the health condition that structure connects.At present, this method has obtained checking in a large amount of experimental studies, proves a kind of feasible structure and connects monitoring method.
The sound wave of propagating in the plate structure is commonly referred to as Lamb wave, and according to the Lamb wave theory, there is mode conversion in sound wave in communication process, and each mode signal has different sensitivitys and response to damage, and the energy of pumping signal decomposes in each mode signal.The amount that can be used as characteristic parameter in the structural response comprises amplitude, phase place, frequency etc., in true plate structure, especially in anisotropic complex composite plate of material structure, the communication process of pumping signal is very complicated, when the different modalities signal is extracted the damage characteristic parameter one by one, because the dispersion of energy, it is less to make that characteristic parameter changes before and after damage; In addition, because sensor acquisition is vibration signal, in true environment, be easy to introduce noise, thereby further make the characteristic parameter reduction, be submerged in fully even in the noise, the existence of these factors has reduced monitoring sensitivity and stability, causes system's erroneous judgement and monitors failure, as shown in Figure 3, characteristic parameter is a signal amplitude among the figure.This problem has seriously hindered the practicability of this technology.For example: it is a very important content in the monitoring structural health conditions that the structure of Flight Vehicle Structure connecting portion connects monitoring, and aircraft work and monitoring of environmental are generally all comparatively complicated, when adopting sound wave that structure is encouraged, just must there be above-mentioned problem in transducing signal, also effectively the connection situation of structure is monitored with regard to being difficult to.Therefore press for the sensitivity optimization technology that research structure connects the monitoring of losing efficacy, improve the stability of monitoring system.
Three, summary of the invention
1, technical matters: technical matters of the present invention provides a kind of method that lost efficacy and monitor that plate class engineering structure is connected, this method has been used sensor/exciter array technology, and the employing theoretical signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) that improves response signal in acoustically-driven system time reversal, simplify the characteristic parameter extraction method, thereby improve the sensitivity of monitoring system.
2, technical scheme: in order to solve above-mentioned technical matters, method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) gather the structural response signal:
Structurally form sensing/excitation array according to the piezoelectric element of monitoring content and area arrangements some, by function generator and power amplifier with the signal loading set to the piezoelectric excitation element of selecting, in structure, excite pumping signal.Signals collecting mode based on sensing/excitation array has two kinds, can adopt according to actual conditions: the one, form a signal transmitting and receiving monitoring channel as driver and sensor respectively by selected any two piezoelectric elements, whole monitoring channels of system have been formed in whole combinations of piezoelectric-array; The 2nd, adopt self-induction type sensing exciting technique, utilize the positive inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric element, when selected piezoelectric element is encouraging, gather the transducing signal of responding to by this piezoelectric element by the electric bridge bridge circuit, formation is the sensing/excitation network of node with the piezoelectric element, and the bridge circuit figure of the schematic diagram of this mode and extraction self-induction signal sees accompanying drawing 1.
The employed system hardware part of this method is identical with the hardware components of classic method monitoring system, generally by forming with the lower part: control computer, piezoelectric excitation/sensor array, function generator, power amplifier, charge amplifier/voltage amplifier and data collector;
(2) handle time reversal:
The attenuation degree of the structural response signal energy that collects according to step (1), select regular hour length formation time window, energy of the signal of window intercepting is the main part of whole response signal gross energy when making this, with the time signal counter-rotating in the window, and carry out energy and amplify the energy attenuation that causes when propagating with compensating signal;
(3) transducing signal focuses on:
Structural response signal time reversal that step (2) is obtained amplifies output by power amplifier, is loaded on the piezoelectric excitation element, just can receive the structural response focus signal on corresponding sensor;
(4) characteristic parameter extraction and structural health conditions identification:
Selected once more excitation/sensing element combination, repeat step (1) to step (3), finish until all channel monitorings, from resulting each structural response focus signal, extract characteristic parameter, again the characteristic parameter that extracts is input to software judgement system in the control computer as input quantity, can analyze, judge the health condition that monitored structure connects, the software judgement system can be identical with the classic method system.
In step (4), when in to each structural response focus signal, extracting characteristic parameter, become a main crest because transducing signal focuses on, therefore original each mode focuses in the main crest the response of damage, can only extract each characteristic parameter respectively at main crest.
Ultimate principle of the present invention is: a major reason of characteristic parameter reduction is exactly the mode conversion of Lamb wave and the dispersion of energy in the acoustically-driven response of plate structure, therefore damage the wave form varies that causes and be dispersed in each mode signal, corresponding energy is also disperseed.In view of the above, each mode signal is focused on can be so that signal energy be concentrated, the wave form varies that damage causes is superimposed upon on the focus signal, the variable quantity of characteristic parameter obtains amplifying thereupon, simultaneously, because noise signal energy is not enhanced, therefore characteristic parameter relevant with damage in the response signal is improved to the sensitivity that damages.
As shown in Figure 2, anti-during with its signal after (being called phase conjugate in the frequency domain) focus method was meant and received the time-domain signal that battle array receives the sound source emission time reversal, launch again, arrive first promptly that the back is sent out, the back is to sending out earlier.This method can make the energy of signal obtain focusing on room and time, realizing sound-source signal reconstruct by this focusing, is that a kind of priori of medium and sensor array character and structure that do not need just can realize the method that the sound wave self-adaptation focuses on and detects.In the present invention, the time-reversal focusing principle is joined structure to be connected in the monitoring of losing efficacy, unconditional self focusing property by means of this method, the Complex Response signal focus of structure is become the crest of single mode, thereby the structural response that damage is brought is embodied a concentrated reflection of on main crest, make the characteristic parameter energy of dispersion be focused on amplification, sensitivity and stability have been improved, meanwhile, with time domain signal characteristics during as characteristic parameter, as signal amplitude, phase place, frequency displacement etc., because only need be at the main crest of investigating signal, the leaching process of characteristic parameter is simplified greatly.
3, beneficial effect: (1) method of the present invention has improved the sensitivity that connects the inefficacy monitoring method based on the structure of acoustically-driven, helps the practicability of this technology.Shown in Fig. 3,4, when being characteristic parameter with the signal amplitude, for same situation, the characteristic parameter variable quantity that adopts the inventive method to obtain has reached 0.962V, and the parameter that classic method obtains variation two only has 0.514V; (2) method of the present invention need not change or increase equipment and parameter in implementation procedure, utilizes the existing hardware system just can realize; (3) implementation method of the present invention is simple, need not to know the priori of monitoring target and sensor array; (4) the present invention can simplify the temporal signatures Parameter Extraction, as signal amplitude, phase place, frequency displacement etc., shown in Fig. 3,4, when being characteristic parameter with signal amplitude, phase shift etc., variable quantity and due in that the inventive method only need be extracted peak-peak get final product, and in the classic method, because each mode signal is to the sensitivity difference of damage, choose any mode signal as investigating object, how going accurately, the selected mode signal in location still has problems.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is self-induction type piezoelectric sensing exiting principle figure and bridge circuit figure, and wherein (a) is self-induction type piezoelectric sensing exiting principle figure, and (b) for extracting the bridge circuit figure of self-induction signal, mark is described as follows among the figure: V
PBe the sensing voltage of piezoelectric element, C
PBe equivalent capacity, R
PBe leakage resistance, V
InBe extrinsic motivated voltage, piezoelectric element and C
1Be composed in series the bridge measurement arm, C
RWith C
1Series connection constitutes the reference arm of bridge circuit, V
SIt promptly is the piezoelectric element self-induction signal that extracts by bridge circuit;
Fig. 2 is the time-reversal focusing schematic diagram, and wherein (a) is the damage sensing process synoptic diagram based on piezoelectric-array, the structural response counter-rotating focusing process synoptic diagram during (b) for the existence damage;
Fig. 3 is the structural response signal graph that classic method obtains, and wherein (a) is the pumping signal synoptic diagram, (b) is Lamb wave excitation response and the partial, detailed view of structure before and after damage;
Fig. 4 is the structural response signal graph that adopts method of the present invention to obtain;
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of the inventive method.
Five, embodiment
As shown in Figure 5, the method for utilizing signal focus that engineering structure connection inefficacy is monitored of present embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) gather the structural response signal:
Structurally form sensing/excitation array according to the piezoelectric element of monitoring content and area arrangements some, by function generator and power amplifier with the signal loading set to the piezoelectric excitation element of selecting, in structure, excite pumping signal.When adopting first kind of signals collecting mode, utilize another selected piezoelectric element, amplify the structural response signals collecting in control computer through charge amplifier as sensor; When adopting self-sensing exciting technique mode, on exciting element, build bridge circuit and amplify through voltage follower and voltage amplifier, with the structural response signals collecting in control computer;
The hardware components that the present embodiment method is made is identical with the hardware components of classic method monitoring system, generally by forming with the lower part: control computer, piezoelectric excitation/sensing network, function generator, power amplifier, charge amplifier/voltage amplifier and data collector;
(2) handle time reversal:
The attenuation degree of the structural response signal energy that collects according to step (1), select regular hour length formation time window, energy of the signal of window intercepting is the main part of whole response signal gross energy when making this, with the time signal counter-rotating in the window, and amplify the energy attenuation that causes when propagating with compensating signal;
(3) transducing signal focuses on:
To amplify by power amplifier and be loaded on the piezoelectric excitation element through the structural response signal of intercepting after time reversal, on corresponding sensor, just can receive the structural response focus signal;
(4) characteristic parameter extraction and structural health conditions identification:
Selected once more excitation/sensing element combination, repeat step (1) to step (3), finish until all channel monitorings, from resulting each structural response focus signal, extract characteristic parameter, again the characteristic parameter that extracts is input to software judgement system in the control computer as input quantity, can analyze, judge the health condition that monitored structure connects, the software judgement system can be identical with the classic method system.
In step (4), when in to each structural response focus signal, extracting characteristic parameter, become a main crest because transducing signal focuses on, therefore original each mode focuses in the main crest the response of damage, can only extract each characteristic parameter respectively at main crest.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of signal focus that utilizes connects the method that lost efficacy and monitor to plate class engineering structure, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) gather the structural response signal:
Structurally form sensing/excitation array according to the piezoelectric element of monitoring content and area arrangements some, by function generator and power amplifier with the signal loading set to selected piezoelectric excitation element, in structure, excite pumping signal and collection;
(2) handle time reversal:
The attenuation degree of the structural response signal energy that collects according to step (1), select time length formation time window, the concentration of energy that makes response signal reverse the signal in the time window in this time window, and carry out energy and amplify the energy attenuation that causes when propagating with compensating signal;
(3) transducing signal focuses on:
Structural response signal time reversal that step (2) is obtained amplifies output by power amplifier, is loaded on the piezoelectric excitation element, receives the structural response focus signal on corresponding sensor;
(4) characteristic parameter extraction and structural health conditions identification:
Selected once more excitation/sensing element combination, repeat step (1) to step (3), finish until all channel monitorings, from resulting each structural response focus signal, extract characteristic parameter, again the characteristic parameter that extracts is input to software judgement system in the control computer as input quantity, can analyzes, judge the health condition that monitored structure connects.
2, the signal focus that utilizes as claimed in claim 1 connects the method that lost efficacy and monitor to plate class engineering structure, it is characterized in that, in step (4), when in to each structural response focus signal, extracting characteristic parameter, transducing signal focuses on becomes a main crest, only extracts each characteristic parameter respectively at main crest.
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| CN105738478A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-07-06 | 湖北工业大学 | Steel plate Lamb wave detection imaging method based on linear array focusing-time reversal |
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| CN101615392B (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2011-12-28 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Method for realizing reverberant field focusing by using random array |
| WO2009156705A2 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-30 | France Telecom | Method of estimating the quality of focusing of a signal pre-equalized by time reversal |
| CN101645264B (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2012-03-14 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Optimal active time-reversal focusing method based on iterative least square/pre-filtering |
| CN102998370A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-03-27 | 南京邮电大学 | Monitoring method for time reversal damage to no-datum Lamb wave of engineering structure |
| CN103149383B (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2015-07-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | Structure impact zone image alarm method based on number sequence and time reversal |
| CN105403622A (en) * | 2015-11-07 | 2016-03-16 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Sheet material damage identifying and positioning method |
| CN113804765A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2021-12-17 | 金陵科技学院 | Method and system for positioning multiple damage areas of seal head part of pressure vessel |
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