Hoisting equipment crackle Lamb wave on-line monitoring system and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of piezoelectricity flexible sensing modular array, is drilled for monitoring mechanical structural fatigue crackle in real time
Change.The invention further relates to a kind of hoisting equipment crackle Lamb wave on-line monitoring comprising above-mentioned piezoelectricity flexible sensing modular array
System and the on-line monitoring method based on the hoisting equipment crackle Lamb wave on-line monitoring system.
Background technology
Hoisting equipment is widely used in equipment manufacturing, port traffic, metallurgical electric power and building etc. as large special equipment
The vital industry of national economy.Hoisting equipment bears big load alternate stress for a long time during service, air, rainwater and
Under seawater corrosion effect, easily crack, and security incident is of common occurrence as caused by crack defect.Meanwhile active service permitted
More hoisting equipments have been enter into the later stage of design service life, or even the overage military service of a part, existing in its metal structure
Potential security risk be present in microcosmic or macroscopic cracking, these hoisting equipments.
Conventional lossless detection method in engineering, such as:Liquid penetrant testing, Magnetic testing, ray detection, ultrasound examination,
EDDY CURRENT, acoustic emission detection etc. are used equally for the detection and positioning of hoisting equipment crackle, but these detection methods also have it
Unique application field and limitation.For example, Magnetic testing is limited by granularity of magnet powder, can only detect with certain opening width
Face crack;Eddy current detection method can only detect surface and near surface crackle, insensitive to immerged crack;X-ray detection pair
Damage as being typically volume type;Ultrasonic echo detection need to carry out scanning to structure, and detection efficiency is low, and closes crackle in detection
When reliability it is not high.In addition, there is detection cycle length, instrument in conventional lossless detection means in the crack detection application of hoisting equipment
The problems such as installation of device equipment is inconvenient, generally requires to stop production and stop work, spend a large amount of manpower financial capacities.
Lamb wave is a kind of supersonic guide-wave propagated in plate structure.When the Lamb wave of propagation runs into damage, can send out
The effects such as raw reflection, scattering, mode conversion and energy absorption, so as to cause the change of Lamb wave transducing signal.Lamb wave has
Have the advantages that propagation attenuation is small, detection range is wide, to the Small loss sensitivity such as crackle in plate structure.Studies in China mechanism develops
There is the output of pumping signal, transducing signal to adopt for integrated master control architecture health monitoring systems based on Lamb wave, the system
The multiple functions such as collection, the scanning of multisensor channel polling, damage monitoring, the initiating structure health prison of large-scale structure part can be achieved
The research and experiment of survey technology.
The existing structural healthy monitoring system based on Lamb wave has the shortcomings that big volume, heavier-weight, power consumption are big, fits
For scientific research and experimental study, it is unsuitable for monitoring hoisting equipment crackle on-line for a long time under actual condition.
Existing system typically uses piezoelectric chip as sensor, using multiple piezoelectric transducer network consistings, realization pair
The monitoring of damage.During installation multiple piezoelectric chips are carried out with stickup, independent line one by one, this method is supervised in hoisting equipment crackle
Problems with during survey be present:A) mode pasted one by one is difficult to ensure that the consistent of each sensor performance, its stability, electrically spy
Property and service life etc. it is unmanageable;B) each sensor needs 2 leads, and working sensor is in high frequency state
Under, it is necessary to use shielding line.The result is that the lead of multiple sensors is more, weight is larger;C) each sensor is individually pasted,
Connect up respectively, the arrangement efficiency of piezoelectric transducer is low.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome drawbacks described above, the present invention realizes the real time on-line monitoring of hoisting equipment crackle using Lamb wave technology,
And develop hoisting equipment crackle Lamb wave on-line monitoring system.
The present invention provides a kind of piezoelectricity flexible sensing modular array, including piezoelectricity flexible sensing modular array includes connecing
Plug-in unit, printed wiring, piezoelectric chip and Kapton, connector welding is on the Kapton printed circuit board top
At the reserved location at end, the printed wiring is printed on by way of the printed circuit board (PCB) on the Kapton;
The piezoelectric chip is pasted at the reserved location of the Kapton, the piezo crystals by high performance conducting resinl
Piece is arranged in order, and the positive and negative electrode of the piezoelectric chip is connected with one end of the printed wiring;The connector and the print
The other end connection of circuit processed, it is contemplated that the complexity of hoisting equipment site environment, respectively in the upper of the Kapton
Lower two side bonds are used for waterproof and etch-proof frivolous flexible material.
A kind of system of hoisting equipment crackle Lamb wave on-line monitoring, including foregoing piezoelectricity flexible sensing modularization battle array
Row, multicircuit switch, hardware excitation/acquisition module and system software.
Multicircuit switch member uses fast-acting relay and high voltage analog switch Mixed Design, realizes that multichannel high pressure activation is believed
Number being switched fast between low pressure reception signal.
Hardware excitation/acquisition module includes central processing unit, pumping signal generating unit, linear prower amplifier unit and adopted
Collect signal processing unit, central processing unit is used for the logic control of each unit module and the high-speed data communication with computer;Swash
Encourage signal generating unit and produce sinusoidal modulation signal to be loaded onto stimulus sensor;Linear prower amplifier unit is used to send out signal
High-voltage signal caused by raw unit needed for broadband low-voltage signal Linear Amplifer to excitation piezoelectricity flexible sensing modular array;Adopt
Collection signal processing unit includes filter circuit, pre-amplification circuit and A/D sample circuits, and the collection for obtaining high s/n ratio is believed
Number.
System software has good human-computer interaction interface, and basic function by geodesic structure including being defined, signal excitation/collection
Parameter setting, scanning path definition, gathered data visualization, characteristic parameter extraction, the inquiry of historical data, realize that hoisting equipment splits
The reliable on-line monitoring of line.
A kind of method of hoisting equipment crackle Lamb wave on-line monitoring, is supervised online using the hoisting equipment crackle Lamb wave
The system of survey, specifically comprises the following steps:
The first step:Piezoelectricity flexible sensing modular array is formed, will be every in the piezoelectricity flexible sensing modular array
Individual piezoelectric chip is accordingly fixed on tested hoisting equipment by way of bonding;
Second step:By modular array and system matching connection, system hardware is set and piezoelectricity flexible sensing modularization battle array
The joint of matching is arranged, so as to by the connector male on each piezoelectricity flexible sensing modular array top and hoisting equipment crackle
Supporting connector female connection in Lamb wave on-line monitoring system hardware;
3rd step:The hoisting equipment crackle Lamb wave monitoring system produces pumping signal and is loaded into the piezoelectricity flexibility
On sensing module array, while read the monitoring signals of the piezoelectricity flexible sensing modular array;
4th step:System software is analyzed the monitoring signals, handled, and is extracted Signal of Cracks and is shown.
The present invention provides a kind of piezoelectricity flexible sensing array using modularized design, overcomes multiple pressures in the prior art
Electric chip carries out stickup, the technical problem of independent line one by one, by connector, printed wiring and piezoelectric chip and polyimides
Film etc. is all integrated in a modular array, so as to be carried out using Active Lamb Wave method to the crackle of hoisting equipment
In line monitoring, using modular construction, the stability of monitoring can be realized, each piezoelectric chip centralized arrangement, piezoelectric chip it
Between wiring it is simple, efficiency is higher.And use modularized design so that whole sensing device is simple in construction, lighter in weight, has
Solves technical problem of the prior art to effect.
Hoisting equipment crackle Lamb wave on-line monitoring system based on piezoelectricity flexible sensing technology, including piezoelectricity flexible sensing
Modular array, multicircuit switch, hardware excitation/acquisition module and system software, have sensor it is easy for installation, wiring letter
List, system host small volume and less weight, it is low in energy consumption the advantages that, hoisting equipment crackle Lamb wave on-line monitoring method is proposed based on this,
To by geodesic structure Scanning speed, faster, damage quantitative result is more accurate.Hand is provided for hoisting equipment crackle on-line monitoring
Section, technical support is provided for the safe operation of hoisting equipment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition frame chart of hoisting equipment crackle Lamb wave on-line monitoring system.
Fig. 2 is piezoelectricity flexible sensing modular array schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Sound wave is encouraged on the certain point of thin plate, waveform conversion can occur when the upper and lower interface of Acoustic Wave Propagation to plate, fold
The ripple formed after adding is called Lamb wave.When Lamb wave is propagated in the structure, the various damages of inside configuration can cause stress concentration,
Crack Extension, and then cause the scattering of Lamb wave signal and the absorption of energy propagated in the structure, therefore Lamb wave can be used to
Damage in structure is monitored.The present invention is monitored on-line using Active Lamb Wave method to the crackle of hoisting equipment.
As shown in figure 1, hoisting equipment crackle Lamb wave on-line monitoring system includes piezoelectricity flexible sensing modular array, more
Road change-over switch, hardware excitation/acquisition module and system software.
Multicircuit switch member uses fast-acting relay and high voltage analog switch Mixed Design, realizes that multichannel high pressure activation is believed
Number being switched fast between low pressure reception signal.
Hardware excitation/acquisition module includes central processing unit, pumping signal generating unit, linear prower amplifier unit and adopted
Collect signal processing unit etc..Central processing unit is used for the logic control of each unit module and the high-speed data communication with computer;
Pumping signal generating unit produces sinusoidal modulation signal to be loaded onto stimulus sensor;Linear prower amplifier unit is used for signal
High-voltage signal needed for low-voltage signal Linear Amplifer in broadband caused by generating unit to excitation piezoelectricity flexible sensing modular array;
Gathering signal processing unit includes filter circuit, pre-amplification circuit and A/D sample circuits etc., for obtaining adopting for high s/n ratio
Collect signal.
System software has good human-computer interaction interface, and basic function by geodesic structure including being defined, signal excitation/collection
Parameter setting, scanning path definition, gathered data visualization, characteristic parameter extraction, the inquiry of historical data etc., realize hoisting equipment
The reliable on-line monitoring of crackle.
As shown in Fig. 2 piezoelectricity flexible sensing modular array includes 2,6 connector 1, printed wiring and of piezoelectric chip 3
Kapton 4.12 core connectors 1 are welded at the reserved location on Kapton printed circuit board top, track
Road 2 is printed on by way of printed circuit board (PCB) on Kapton 4;Piezoelectric chip 3 by high performance conducting resinl, such as
High performance epoxide-resin glue, it is pasted at the reserved location of Kapton 4, arranges 6 piezoelectric chips 3 altogether, these pressures
Electric chip 3 is arranged in order, and the positive and negative electrode of piezoelectric chip 3 is connected with one end of printed wiring 2;12 core connectors 1 and track
The other end connection on road 2, it is contemplated that the complexity of hoisting equipment site environment, glued respectively in the both sides up and down of Kapton
Connect and be used for waterproof and etch-proof frivolous flexible material, the quantity of piezoelectric chip can be arranged as needed, so as to according to piezoelectricity
The situation of chip constructs appropriate connector.
Relative to prior art, piezoelectric chip uses modularized design, overcomes multiple piezoelectric chips in the prior art and enters
Row is pasted one by one, the technical problem of independent line, by connector, printed wiring and piezoelectric chip and Kapton etc. all
It is integrated in a modular array, so as to monitored on-line using Active Lamb Wave method to the crackle of hoisting equipment
In, using modular construction, the stability of monitoring can be realized, each piezoelectric chip centralized arrangement, the cloth between piezoelectric chip
Line is simple, and efficiency is higher.And use modularized design so that whole sensing device is simple in construction, lighter in weight, effectively solves
Determine technical problem of the prior art.
The method of hoisting equipment crackle Lamb wave on-line monitoring comprises the following steps:
The first step:Piezoelectricity flexible sensing modular array is formed, will be every in the piezoelectricity flexible sensing modular array
Individual piezoelectric chip is accordingly fixed on tested hoisting equipment by way of bonding;
Second step:By modular array and system matching connection, system hardware is set and piezoelectricity flexible sensing modularization battle array
The joint of matching is arranged, so as to by the connector male on each piezoelectricity flexible sensing modular array top and hoisting equipment crackle
Supporting connector female connection in Lamb wave on-line monitoring system hardware;
3rd step:The hoisting equipment crackle Lamb wave monitoring system produces pumping signal and is loaded into the piezoelectricity flexibility
On sensing module array, while the monitoring signals of piezoelectricity flexible sensing modular array belonging to reading;
4th step:System software is analyzed the monitoring signals, handled, and is extracted Signal of Cracks and is shown.
By said system and monitoring method, the on-line monitoring of large-area sheet structural crack can be achieved, ensureing refitting
Standby safety and reliability, reduce disaster occurrence probability, avoid serious accident, reduce operation and maintenance cost etc.
Aspect is significant.