CN100574989C - Two-sided synchronous high-efficiency milling and casting machine tool for impeller vane - Google Patents
Two-sided synchronous high-efficiency milling and casting machine tool for impeller vane Download PDFInfo
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- CN100574989C CN100574989C CN200810050541A CN200810050541A CN100574989C CN 100574989 C CN100574989 C CN 100574989C CN 200810050541 A CN200810050541 A CN 200810050541A CN 200810050541 A CN200810050541 A CN 200810050541A CN 100574989 C CN100574989 C CN 100574989C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of two-sided synchronous high-efficiency milling and casting machine tool for impeller vane, belong to mechanical manufacturing field.Y is fixed on the lathe bed to travel mechanism to travel mechanism and two X, and two X are coaxial and become symmetrical horizontal vertical to distribute with Y to travel mechanism to travel mechanism; Two abrasive bands become train grinding and polishing tool system and link to each other to travel mechanism with two Z respectively; These two Z link to each other with two columns respectively to travel mechanism; Two columns link to each other to travel mechanism with two X respectively; Turnover fixture is installed on the rotary table, and this turnover fixture can be realized the rotation around turnover fixture central shaft B axle of the clamping of blade and blade; Rotary table links to each other to travel mechanism with Y, and rotary table provides the rotation around its central shaft C axle.Advantage is that not only grinding and polishing efficient is improved significantly, and because blade is two-sided stressed in the grinding and polishing process, has avoided the processing of leaves distortion effectively to the synchronous grinding and polishing processing of blade bilateral profile.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanical manufacturing field.
Background technology
Blade is the typical vital part of steam turbine, the hydraulic turbine, aero-engine, space flight propulsion system, high speed ship propulsion system.With the steam turbine is example, lobe numbers often reaches several thousand in the steam turbine, the structural design of blade is very complicated on the one hand, affect the aeroperformance of flow passage component, the turbine blade long-term work is under the adverse circumstances of high temperature, high pressure, huge centrifugal force, steam power, corrosion and vibration and water droplet erosion on the other hand, defective in any design and the manufacturing all may cause operating efficiency to reduce, even the damage of whole unit, brings heavy economic losses.The design of blade profile, manufacture level and workmanship directly influence performance, efficient and the reliability of turbomachinery.
In recent ten years, along with the fast development of correlation techniques such as computer technology and modern control theory, the flexible process technology and the equipment that are processed as representative with multi-axis linkage numerical control are gradually improved.The multi-axis linkage numerical control process technology has become the main flow forming method that blade is made.The five-shaft high-speed blade milling machine of the NX series five axes, five linkage axes blade profile machining tools of five blade processing centers of the TB of Switzerland power inscription-equine Dai Er company series, Switzerland RIGID company, five machining centers of BX 151 Win-Win of Switzerland Starrag Heckert company, Italian C.B.Ferrari company etc. has been represented the highest level of medium and small in the world blade processing technology at present to a certain extent.Along with improving constantly of China NC Machine research and development level, in recent years, China lathe manufacturing enterprise cooperates with institution of higher learning beginning to take shape independent research and development capacity aspect the blade processing equipment, and provides us homemade blade processing equipment for generating equipment manufacturing enterprise.Neat two lathe Group Co.,Ltd and Tsing-Hua University's cooperation research and development have gone out first in the world five series-parallel machine tools of large-sized gantry formula (XNZ2430), and this lathe is fit to complex-curved processing such as properller, blade of large-sized water turbine very much.Country of Wuhan Heavy Machines Co., Ltd. and Central China University of Science and Technology numerical control system engineering technology research center, the production, teaching ﹠ research of Zhenjiang propeller for vessels factory combine and support to develop cooperatively down successful CKX5680 NC heavy seven axes, five linkage axes turnning and milling composite processing machine tools in country " 863 " plan, have satisfied the process requirements of big warship screw.The employing of XKH series five-axle linked blade machining center X, the Y of the cooperative development of the dynamo-electric institute in Dongfan Steam Turbine Factory and Beijing, Z axle move the resultant motion mode that adds A, the rotation of B axle, by making blade realize the order processing that blade is two-sided, be fit to all kinds of blades of processing vapor turbine, gas turbine and the part of all kinds of long narrow shape special surfaces (as the blade of helicopter etc.) around the continuous gyration of A axle.Harbin Measuring Tool ﹠ Cutting Tool Co., Ltd. and the Harbin Institute of Technology's joint research and development seven-axis linkage and the lathe of connecting, this machine tool main body is six parallel machines of 6-TPS type, realize seven-axis linkage by numerical control rotating platform of series connection on workbench, be used to process middle-size and small-size moving vane and guide vane.BJ University of Aeronautics ﹠ Astronautics has broken through traditional pattern of utilizing rose cutter processed complex curved surface, (with anchor ring is the cutter of effective working surface to adopt the anchor ring cutter, as anchor ring milling cutter, anchor ring emery wheel etc.), contact the some contact processed complex curved surface of replacement rose cutter with the line between the blade surface with the anchor ring cutter, and QMK001 type five coordinate blade processing lathes have been researched and developed with Qinchuan Machinery Development Co Ltd, Shaanxi Prov cooperation, realize the wide line-spacing line contact processing of open type blade, improved working (machining) efficiency.
The machining accuracy of blade profile and surface quality directly influence machine performance.Adopting multi-axis linkage numerical control machine tooling blade profile at present is a kind of main flow trend, and Milling Process rear blade surface presents the scallop face that leaves tool marks.In order to guarantee the surface quality of blade profile, often need to carry out grinding and polishing processing (the grinding and polishing here is meant grinding and polishing).The also main handwork that relies on the workman of the grinding and polishing of blade processing at present, work under bad environment, the molecule harm workers'health that produces, simultaneously artificial grinding and polishing efficient is low, the grinding and polishing time accounts for about 40%～50% of total process time, manual grinding and polishing is bigger to workman's degree of dependence, and the blade grinding and polishing effect often qualification with the workman is different and different.Manual grinding and polishing processing is had relatively high expectations to workman's operative skill, and experienced operator's production technology needs practice for a long time to grope and accumulate and could form, because production-scale continuous expansion will inevitably face experienced operator's problem of shortage.Manufacturing industry is changed to technology-intensive industries by labor-intensive production gradually, adopts automation grinding and polishing technology, and the efficient and the surface quality that improve the blade grinding and polishing become the problem that presses for solution.
Chinese scholars generally adopts the abrasive band as the grinding and polishing instrument, carries out the research of the complex-curved grinding and polishing process automation of blade.External research starting aspect blade grinding and polishing automation early, representative is six Shaft and NC Machining Test abrasive belt grinding machine (model MTS-600/CNC-6 that are used for blade grinding and polishing processing that German Metabo company developed in 1986, MTS-800/CNC-6 etc.), this lathe has also increased a pressure axis N on the basis of traditional X, Y, Z and A, B, C axle, need give the empirical value of N axle setting pressure during programming.Italy C.B.Ferrari company recent development MY13 type five-shaft high-speed blade grinding machine, lathe is configured as the basic layout that the five-axle linked blade process equipment generally adopts, with the abrasive band as instrument, by the continuous revolution of 360 ° on A axle, the resultant motion that is equipped with X, Y, Z and B axle realizes blade grinding and polishing processing.
China has obtained some important achievements in research, and progressively has been applied in blade processing enterprise from the eighties of last century blade digital control abrasive band grinding and polishing process that begins one's study the nineties.Xinan Science and Technology Univ. is at the present situation of China's aero-engine titanium alloy blade Strengthening and Polishing, the existing abroad basis that is used for the two-dimentional machinery exciting shake table of vibrating strengthening and polishing, the design philosophy of 3 D electromagnetic exciting Strengthening and Polishing shake table has been proposed, calculate the three-dimensional vibrating enhanced polissoir of having researched and developed no guide rail support by theoretical modeling, dynamic analysis, titanium alloy blade is immersed in the polishing fluid, utilizes resonance to realize the Strengthening and Polishing processing of blade.The deficiency that Southern Yangtze University can't change with the blade profile error at the force value of Metabo company six Shaft and NC Machining Test abrasive belt grinding machine N axles, under the UG environment, developed blade profile error analysis module, set up the functional relation between grinding normal force and the profile error, utilized UG/OPEN API programming tool to develop blade sbrasive belt grinding cutter spacing data computation and machining simulation module under the UG environment.Zhitong Robot System Co., Ltd., Langfang City with the artificial platform development of ABB industrial machine the blade polishing system of forming by industrial robot, abrasive band grinding and polishing machine and laser scanner.Adopt industrial robot clamping processing of leaves mode for middle-size and small-size blade, finish by industrial robot that complicated spatial movement realizes the blade grinding and polishing between blade and the fixing grinding and polishing abrasive band; For large-scale blade, then adopt the processing mode of industrial robot clamping grinding and polishing instrument, drive the grinding and polishing instrument by industrial robot and carry out the grinding and polishing of blade profile.
In sum, on the one hand, existing blade processing equipment generally adopts single tool heads, to the pattern that blade bilateral profile can only take order to process, promptly at a time can only process the one-sided profile of blade.On the other hand, that blade shape has occurred in recent years is curved, wide, turn round, thin characteristics, and blade is as thin wall component, if it is excessive to add the one-sided cutting force that bears man-hour, will inevitably produce bigger distortion, but also might produce flutter, cause the reduction of blade processing precision inevitably.In order to avoid blade effectively because of the mismachining tolerance brought of distortion, during the processing slim vane generally the non-process side in slim vane adopt supplemental support.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of two grinding and polishing tool systems that have, can carry out the lathe of synchronous high-efficiency milling and casting simultaneously to blade bilateral profile, improve blade grinding and polishing efficient, avoid the blade processing distortion.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes: comprise lathe bed, two columns in a symmetrical arrangement, two abrasive bands in a symmetrical arrangement become train grinding and polishing tool system, two Z in a symmetrical arrangement to vertically to travel mechanism, two X in a symmetrical arrangement to travel mechanism, Y to travel mechanism, turnover fixture, rotary table, it is characterized in that Y is fixed on the lathe bed to travel mechanism to travel mechanism and two X, two X are coaxial and become symmetrical horizontal vertical to distribute with Y to travel mechanism to travel mechanism; Two abrasive bands become train grinding and polishing tool system and link to each other to travel mechanism with two Z respectively; Two Z link to each other with two columns respectively to travel mechanism; Two columns link to each other to travel mechanism with two X respectively; Turnover fixture is installed on the rotary table, and turnover fixture can be realized the rotation around turnover fixture central shaft B axle of the clamping of blade and blade; Rotary table links to each other to travel mechanism with Y, and rotary table provides the rotation around its central shaft C axle.
Said abrasive band becomes train grinding and polishing tool system and comprises abrasive band, tool palette, is installed in two regulating wheels, the driving wheel on the tool palette and changes wheel mechanism; Saidly change the contact wheel that wheel mechanism comprises cross slideway, four sliding bars and four different-diameters; Said cross slideway can rotate around its central shaft, and the end of four sliding bars that slide in the cross slideway is equipped with the different-diameter contact wheel respectively.
The said wheel mechanism that changes can will have the contact wheel withdrawal now by sliding bar according to the vane curvature change in radius, and the cross slideway turns to required contact wheel around its central shaft and is horizontal, and sliding bar promotes required contact wheel blade surface is pressed in the abrasive band.
Said X to travel mechanism comprise X to drive motors, X to screw/nut pair, X to slide block/slideway pair.X connects to the screw/nut parafacies to drive motors and X, and X links to each other to slide block with X to the screw/nut pair, and X moves to slideway along X to slide block.
Said Y to travel mechanism comprise Y to drive motors, Y to screw/nut pair, Y to slide block/slideway pair.Y connects to the screw/nut parafacies to drive motors and Y, and Y links to each other to slide block with Y to the screw/nut pair, and Y moves to slideway along Y to slide block.
Said Z to travel mechanism comprise Z to drive motors, Z to screw/nut pair, Z to slide block/slideway pair.Z connects to the screw/nut parafacies to drive motors and Z, and Z links to each other to slide block with Z to the screw/nut pair, and Z moves to slideway along Z to slide block.
Said two Z on motion control carry out interlock control to travel mechanism, Y to travel mechanism, turnover fixture, rotary table to travel mechanism, two X, realize blade bilateral profile is carried out synchronous grinding and polishing processing.
The invention provides a kind of brand-new two-sided synchronous high-efficiency milling and casting machine tool for impeller vane.This lathe is made of two X, Y and two Z shifting axle and B, C turning cylinder.Y direction is the vertical of blade, adopts the two Z axle construction with respect to the vertical symmetric arrangement of blade, and a cover grinding and polishing tool system is installed on each Z axle.Rotation by B axle and C axle guarantees to be in all the time in the XZ plane perpendicular to the plane of blade generation line and the intersection (being blade grinding and polishing track) of blade profile curved surface, position relation about the bilateral profile (intrados and convex surface) that guarantees blade simultaneously is in all the time, corresponding with two grinding and polishing tool systems respectively.The grinding and polishing abrasive band in the XZ face along the grinding and polishing orbiting motion that generates, the synchronous grinding and polishing processing of bilateral of the whole profile of mobile realization blade by Y-axis.
Advantage of the present invention:
(1) the present invention has broken the pattern of the single tool heads of traditional employing to the two-sided order processing of blade, has proposed to adopt two tool heads to the two-sided synchronous high-efficiency milling and casting that carries out of blade.Single tool heads in traditional blade processing process and the one-sided profile of blade (intrados or convex surface) are in up and down position relation, change into and adopt two grinding and polishing tool systems to be symmetrically arranged with respect to blade profile, simultaneously to the synchronous grinding and polishing processing of blade bilateral profile, not only grinding and polishing efficient is improved significantly, and, avoided the processing of leaves distortion effectively because blade is two-sided stressed in the grinding and polishing process.
(2) the present invention adopts the abrasive band as the grinding and polishing instrument, and adopt becoming the train tool system provides the contact wheel of different size according to the variation of spoon of blade radius of curvature, has improved the grinding and polishing instrument adaptability complex-curved to blade.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a general structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that abrasive band of the present invention becomes train grinding and polishing tool system structural representation.
The specific embodiment
Y is fixed on the lathe bed 1 to travel mechanism to travel mechanism and two X, and two X are coaxial and become symmetrical horizontal vertical to distribute with Y to travel mechanism to travel mechanism; Two abrasive bands become train grinding and polishing tool system 9 and link to each other to travel mechanism with two Z respectively; These two Z link to each other with two columns 14 respectively to travel mechanism; Two columns link to each other to travel mechanism with two X respectively; Turnover fixture 10 is installed on the rotary table 16, and this turnover fixture can be realized the rotation around turnover fixture central shaft B axle of the clamping of blade and blade; Rotary table links to each other to travel mechanism with Y, and rotary table provides the rotation around its central shaft C axle.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
General structure of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, this lathe by two X to promptly laterally, Y is to promptly vertically constituting with two Z shifting axles and B, C turning cylinder.Y direction is the vertical of blade, adopts the two Z axle construction with respect to the vertical symmetric arrangement of blade, a cover abrasive band is installed on each Z axle becomes train grinding and polishing tool system.
Two Z to promptly vertically to drive motors 13, two Z to screw/nut pair 12, two Z to slideway 15 respectively symmetry be fixed on two columns 14.Z links to each other to screw/nut secondary 12 with Z to drive motors 13, and Z links to each other to slide block 11 with Z to screw/nut pair 12.Two abrasive bands become train grinding and polishing tool system 9 respectively symmetry be fixed on two Z on slide block 11.Z makes Z to slide block 11 along Z to slideway 15 move by Z to screw/nut pair 12 to drive motors 13, realizes that the abrasive band becomes the Z of train grinding and polishing tool system 9 to motion.
Two X to drive motors 7, two X to screw/nut pair 6, two X to slideway 8 respectively symmetry be fixed on the lathe bed 1.X links to each other to screw/nut secondary 6 with X to drive motors 7, and X links to each other to slide block 5 with X to screw/nut pair 6.Two columns 14 symmetry respectively are fixed on two X on slide block 5.X makes X to slide block 5 along X to slideway 8 move by X to screw/nut pair 6 to drive motors 7, realizes that the abrasive band becomes the X of train grinding and polishing tool system 9 to motion.
The clamping of turnover fixture 10 realization blades and blade are around the rotation of anchor clamps central shaft B axle.Turnover fixture 10 is installed on the rotary table 16, and rotary table 16 is realized the rotation of blade around rotary table central shaft C axle.
Y is fixed on the lathe bed 1 to slideway 3 to screw/nut pair 2, Y to drive motors 17, Y.Y links to each other to screw/nut secondary 2 with Y to drive motors 17, and Y links to each other to slide block 4 with Y to screw/nut pair 2.Rotary table 16 is fixed on Y on slide block 4.Y makes Y to slide block 4 along Y to slideway 3 move by Y to screw/nut pair 2 to drive motors 17, and the Y that realizes blade is to motion.
The structure of abrasive band change train grinding and polishing tool system 9 comprises abrasive band 904, tool palette 905, is installed in 902, one driving wheels of two regulating wheels 906 on the tool palette 905 and changes wheel mechanism as shown in Figure 2; Change that wheel mechanism comprises cross slideway 903, the contact wheel 901 of the different-diameter of four sliding bars identical that in cross slideway 903, slide, four sliding bar ends with sliding bar 908.Change wheel mechanism and can will have contact wheel 901 withdrawals now by sliding bar 908 according to the vane curvature change in radius, cross slideway 903 turns to required contact wheel around its central shaft 907 and is horizontal, and sliding bar promotes required contact wheel blade surface is pressed in abrasive band 904.
Rotation by B axle and C axle guarantees to be in all the time in the XZ plane perpendicular to the plane of blade generation line and the intersection (being blade grinding and polishing track) of blade profile curved surface, position relation about the bilateral profile (intrados and convex surface) that guarantees blade simultaneously is in all the time, corresponding with two grinding and polishing tool systems respectively.The grinding and polishing abrasive band in the XZ face along the grinding and polishing orbiting motion that generates, the synchronous grinding and polishing processing of bilateral of the whole profile of mobile realization blade by Y-axis.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of two-sided synchronous high-efficiency milling and casting machine tool for impeller vane is characterized in that Y is fixed on the lathe bed to travel mechanism to travel mechanism and two X, and two X are coaxial and become symmetrical horizontal vertical to distribute with Y to travel mechanism to travel mechanism; Two abrasive bands become train grinding and polishing tool system and link to each other to travel mechanism with two Z respectively, and this abrasive band becomes train grinding and polishing tool system and comprises abrasive band, tool palette, is installed in two regulating wheels, the driving wheel on the tool palette and changes wheel mechanism; Saidly change the contact wheel that wheel mechanism comprises cross slideway, four sliding bars and four different-diameters; Said cross slideway can rotate around its central shaft, and the end of four sliding bars that slide in the cross slideway is equipped with the different-diameter contact wheel respectively; These two Z link to each other with two columns respectively to travel mechanism; Two columns link to each other to travel mechanism with two X respectively; Turnover fixture is installed on the rotary table, and this turnover fixture can be realized the rotation around turnover fixture central shaft B axle of the clamping of blade and blade; Rotary table links to each other to travel mechanism with Y, and rotary table provides the rotation around its central shaft C axle.
2, two-sided synchronous high-efficiency milling and casting machine tool for impeller vane according to claim 1 is characterized in that X comprises to travel mechanism: X connects to the screw/nut parafacies to drive motors and X, and X links to each other to slide block with X to the screw/nut pair, and this X moves to slideway along X to slide block.
3, two-sided synchronous high-efficiency milling and casting machine tool for impeller vane according to claim 1 is characterized in that Y comprises to travel mechanism: Y connects to the screw/nut parafacies to drive motors and Y, and Y links to each other to slide block with Y to the screw/nut pair, and this Y moves to slideway along Y to slide block.
4, two-sided synchronous high-efficiency milling and casting machine tool for impeller vane according to claim 1 is characterized in that Z comprises to travel mechanism: Z connects to the screw/nut parafacies to drive motors and Z, and Z links to each other to slide block with Z to the screw/nut pair, and this Z moves to slideway along Z to slide block.
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| CN200810050541A CN100574989C (en) | 2008-03-26 | 2008-03-26 | Two-sided synchronous high-efficiency milling and casting machine tool for impeller vane |
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| CN200810050541A CN100574989C (en) | 2008-03-26 | 2008-03-26 | Two-sided synchronous high-efficiency milling and casting machine tool for impeller vane |
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| CN100574989C true CN100574989C (en) | 2009-12-30 |
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- 2008-03-26 CN CN200810050541A patent/CN100574989C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| SU929409A1 (en) * | 1978-01-06 | 1982-05-23 | Казанский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Авиационный Институт Им.А.Н.Туполева | Polishing machine for simultaneous two-side working of blade tip |
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