CN104384585A - Machine tool for machining propeller - Google Patents
Machine tool for machining propeller Download PDFInfo
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- CN104384585A CN104384585A CN201410442514.2A CN201410442514A CN104384585A CN 104384585 A CN104384585 A CN 104384585A CN 201410442514 A CN201410442514 A CN 201410442514A CN 104384585 A CN104384585 A CN 104384585A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
- B23C3/16—Working surfaces curved in two directions
- B23C3/18—Working surfaces curved in two directions for shaping screw-propellers, turbine blades, or impellers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a machine tool for machining a propeller. The machine tool comprises a pedestal, a first machining device, a second machining device, and a workbench. The workbench is fixedly arranged on the pedestal, and the first machining device and the second machining device are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the workbench and are connected to the pedestal. The first machining device consists of a base, a support guide frame, an upper machining mechanism and a lower machining mechanism. The base is fixedly connected to the top surface of the pedestal, the support guide frame is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the base, and the upper machining mechanism and the lower machining mechanism are respectively arranged on the upper part and lower part of the support guide frame. The upper machining mechanism comprises an upper fixation frame, an upper Y direction driving device, a slide carriage, and a parallel machining mechanism. The lower machining mechanism comprises a lower fixation frame, a parallel machining mechanism, and a lower Y direction driving device. According to the invention, the machine tool working space is expanded, also the rigidity and machining accuracy of the machine tool are improved, machining of the propeller can be completed by one-time clamping, and the efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lathe, especially relating to a kind of lathe for processing screw, belonging to machinery manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
So far, the processing of large-scale marine propeller adopts following several scheme substantially: 1, first each blade of screw and wheel hub are disassembled independent processing, then used by each assembling parts.The screw that this mode processes limits due to structure, and its symmetry and rigidity are all under some influence, and repeatedly install in addition and there is accumulated error, reliability is poorer than Integral-type screw oar.2, adopt the interlocked numerical controlled milling machine of portal-type multi-shaft, screw is fixed on the workbench in the middle of column, overturn reprocessing another side after processing upper surface, finally adopt a small amount of hand finish.This processing method needs multiple clamping just can complete the processing of whole screw, argosy airscrew diameter, weight comparatively its upset of ambassador and clamping all more difficult, and there is resetting error in multiple clamping, affects the accuracy of manufacture of screw; In addition, mostly propeller blade root is curve form, has overlapping region, and in process, the interference of lathe, cutter and screw and collision problem cannot solve always completely.3, the method using abrasive belt grinding machine and manual grinding to combine is to process screw.Grinding is the finishing operation of general process, completes the fine finishining of part, and surface quality is also better.The operation principle of abrasive belt grinding machine relies on the quick rotation in abrasive band to carry out grinding and polishing to workpiece, but due to current abrasive band and grinding characteristic theoretical research and sbrasive belt grinding complex surface machining technology ripe not enough, add the structure restriction of sbrasive belt grinding self, make the grinding of its how applicable monomer blade.Although manual polishing can complete the grinding and buffing of screw entirety, machining accuracy depends on technical merit and the qualification of workman, work under bad environment, and labour intensity is large, and the subjective destabilizing factor by people affects comparatively large, and efficiency is lower.
For large-scale marine propeller upset difficulty and again clamping bring resetting error, the people such as Zhao Hu in the patent No. of application in 2009 be 200910038368.6 people such as " Six-axis five-linkage propeller machining center " patent and Zhang Shengwen etc. adopt screw laterally to place respectively to avoid overturning in " double power head screw dedicated numerical control specialized nc machine tool and processing method " patent that the patent No. of application in 2012 is 201210233126.6 and make machine tool structure compact and use upper and lower two cover unit head system clamped one times just can complete the processing of whole screw, improve working (machining) efficiency and alleviate labour intensity, certain directive function is provided to the design of large-size propeller machining tool.Along with the development of ocean engineering and defending of sovereignty over territorial waters, both at home and abroad the research and development of argosy propeller processing lathe are also being deepened continuously.At present, the great Han precision optical machinery company of Korea S have developed and can process the marine propeller equipment that diameter is 11 meters, and model is HPMC-110, is can process the maximum equipment of airscrew diameter in the world at present.This lathe adopts planer type structure, and Z axis tiltable, is conducive to the processing of screw overlapping region.Simultaneously its shortcoming can not process the upper and lower surface of screw and planer type structure also has impact to the rigidity of machine tool.Domestic, born by Wuhan Heavy Machines Co., Ltd., " the heavy sevenfive axis turning-milling complex processing lathe of screw " that the Central China University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang Zhongchuan Wartsila Propeller Co., Ltd. research and develop jointly, pass through appraisal of scientific and technological achievements, there is the functions such as seven axle controls, five-axle linkage turning-milling complex processing, on-line measurement, the comprehensive precision milling processing to machining areas such as screw blade face lap, non-overlapped part, blade profile and propeller hub mesopores can be realized, processing diameter reaches 8.5 meters, expansion can reach 12.5 meters, highly reaches 3.3 meters.Its defect is can not simultaneously to the two-way processing in screw two sides, and working (machining) efficiency is not ideal enough.In addition, planer type structure increases construction weight to improve the rigidity of machine tool, makes lathe entirety too clumsy.
In view of various research approaches above, the processing of large-scale marine propeller is adopt cascaded structure formula lathe mostly.The advantage of cascaded structure is that the motion of lathe each axle is separate, and motion control is simple, and Technical comparing is ripe, and working space is large, and flexibility is good.But serial machine tool is open-chain structure, there is cantilever section, not only bears Tensile or Compressive Loading but also bear bending load, in order to improve the rigidity of system, the weight of component must be increased, make its dynamic performance poor, also constrain increasing substantially of feed speed simultaneously.In addition, in serial machine tool, each link deflection and the superposition of junction deflection make the relative motion error between cutter and workpiece be generally the linear superposition of each coordinates of motion, there is accumulated error.But, parallel institution is just in time to serial machine tool beneficial complement, it has high rigidity, high bearing capacity, high speed, low inertia, advantages of simple structure and simple, there is not serial mechanism accumulated error problem, spatial pose fulfillment capability is strong, especially easily realize six-axis linkage, be very suitable for completing complex-curved processing at Aeronautics and Astronautics, automotive field, as blade, impeller, screw etc., representational be NEOS company of Sweden Tricept series parallel machine, successful Application is on the production line of automobile, aircraft.The characteristic that parallel institution shows makes it very be applicable to processed complex curved surface part and working (machining) efficiency is high, good processing stability.It is existing defects also, and as position forecast is complicated, numerical control programming is complicated, and working space is little.
Large-scale marine propeller is typical complex-curved thin wall component, blade root and wheel hub junction comparatively narrow, there is overlapping region in blade, current propeller processing equipment mostly is conventional serial mechanism, add and man-hour the phenomenons such as flutter, interference and collision easily occur, need to overturn, multiple clamping just can complete the processing of whole screw, working (machining) efficiency and machining accuracy low.How can also improve working (machining) efficiency, machining accuracy, the rigidity of machine tool and stability while the expansion range of work, be an important problem faced by today's numerical control machining large marine propeller.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to be to provide a kind of equipment being suitable for machining large marine propeller, clamped one time just can complete the processing of whole screw, avoids resetting error; Use symmetrical machining can improve working (machining) efficiency and reduce the distortion of screw in process; In conjunction with serial parallel mechanism advantage separately, lathe working space can be expanded, the rigidity of machine tool and machining accuracy can be improved again.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
For processing a lathe for screw, comprise pedestal, the first processing unit (plant), with duplicate second processing unit (plant) of the first processing unit (plant), workbench; Workbench is fixedly installed in the upper planar central of pedestal, and the first processing unit (plant), the second processing unit (plant) are symmetricly set on the both sides of workbench and are connected with the upper plane of pedestal; Line between first processing unit (plant) and the second processing unit (plant) is set to X-direction, and the direction pointing to workbench is positive direction, can determine Y-direction and Z-direction according to right-hand rule;
First processing unit (plant) comprises base, support guide frame, upper strata organisation of working, lower floor's organisation of working; Base is fixedly connected in the upper plane of pedestal, and support guide frame is fixedly installed on the upper surface of base, and upper strata organisation of working and lower floor's organisation of working are separately positioned on above and below support guide frame;
Base is rectangular structure parts, on it, plane is provided with several X being parallel to X-direction to guide ledges, the middle part of the upper plane of base is also provided with and is parallel to the X of X to guide ledges to drive unit, X comprises X to motor cabinet to drive unit, a pair X is to bearing block, X is to drive motors, a pair X is to bearing, X is to ball-screw, X is to shaft coupling, X is to feed screw nut, X is separately fixed at base X-direction in bearing block by said sequence to motor cabinet and a pair X, X is arranged on X respectively to motor cabinet and a pair X in bearing block to drive motors and a pair X to bearing, X to the two ends of ball-screw respectively by a pair X to bearings, X is connected to drive motors to shaft coupling with X to ball-screw by X, X to feed screw nut revolve and at X on ball-screw,
Support guide frame is rectangular structure parts, its center is provided with the hollow part of rectangular shape along the X direction, several X being parallel to X-direction is provided with to direction recess at the lower plane of support guide frame, be provided with pair of parallel in the upper strata Y-direction guide ledges of Y-direction in the upper plane of support guide frame, the upper strata Y-direction direction recess that one is parallel to Y-direction is provided with between a pair upper strata Y-direction guide ledges, upper strata Y-direction direction recess passes straight through to the upper end of hollow part, is provided with pair of parallel in lower floor's Y-direction direction recess of Y-direction in the lower end of hollow part; The X of base is fixed on the middle part of the lower plane of support guide frame to the X of drive unit to feed screw nut, several X of support guide frame coordinate one by one to several X of direction recess and base to guide ledges and are flexibly connected;
Upper strata organisation of working comprises upper strata fixed mount, upper strata Y-direction drive unit, slide carriage, parallel machanism, upper strata fixed mount is movably arranged on the upper end of the hollow part of support guide frame, upper strata fixed mount is rectangular structure part, its center is provided with the fixing inner chamber one of rectangular shape along the X direction, the middle part of two vertical sides of fixing inner chamber one is respectively provided with several supporting shaft hole one, several locating hole one is also provided with in the both sides of supporting shaft hole one, the fixing lug boss of rectangular shape is provided with on the top of upper strata fixed mount, pass in the upper strata Y-direction direction recess that fixing lug boss is movably connected in support guide frame, the position that fixing lug boss passes upper strata Y-direction direction recess is provided with a fixing square hole along the X direction, the center position that fixing lug boss is arranged on the inside of upper strata Y-direction direction recess is provided with a threads of lead screw hole along the Y direction, slide carriage is rectangular structure part, is provided with pair of parallel in the shifting chute of Y-direction at its lower plane, be connected with it in the fixing square hole that slide carriage is through fixing lug boss, a pair shifting chute of slide carriage cooperatively interacts with a pair upper strata Y-direction guide ledges of support guide frame and is flexibly connected, upper strata Y-direction drive unit is provided with along the Y direction in the Y-direction direction recess of upper strata, upper strata Y-direction drive unit comprises upper strata Y-direction motor cabinet, a pair upper strata Y-direction bearing block, upper strata Y-direction drive motors, a pair upper strata Y-direction bearing, upper strata Y-direction ball-screw, upper strata Y-direction shaft coupling, upper strata Y-direction motor cabinet and a pair upper strata Y-direction bearing block are fixed on according to said sequence in the Y-direction on top of support guide frame respectively, upper strata Y-direction drive motors and a pair upper strata Y-direction bearing are arranged in upper strata Y-direction motor cabinet and a pair upper strata Y-direction bearing block respectively, the two ends of upper strata Y-direction ball-screw are respectively by a pair upper strata Y-direction bearings, upper strata Y-direction ball-screw is connected with upper strata Y-direction drive motors by upper strata Y-direction shaft coupling, upper strata Y-direction ball-screw revolves with the threads of lead screw hole of upper strata fixed mount and is connected, parallel machanism is fixedly installed in the fixing inner chamber one of upper strata fixed mount, parallel machanism comprises fixed platform, moving platform, three expansion links, topping machanism, ball pivot, fixed platform is flexibly connected with moving platform by three expansion links, topping machanism is fixedly connected on moving platform, fixed platform is the parts of " work " font, two location-plates be parallel to each other are connected by one piece of connecting plate, a supporting shaft hole two is respectively provided with in the heart in two location-plates, several locating hole two is also provided with for the center of circle with supporting shaft hole two, the supporting shaft hole two of fixed platform both sides is connected by back shaft with the supporting shaft hole one of fixed mount both sides, upper strata, locating hole one is connected by alignment pin with locating hole two, expansion link comprises outer sleeve, inner sleeve, expansion link motor cabinet, expansion link servomotor, shaft coupling one, expansion link ball-screw, bearing, one end of outer sleeve is provided with bearing, the other end is provided with internal spline, expansion link motor cabinet is fixedly connected on one end that outer sleeve is provided with bearing, expansion link servomotor is fixedly installed on expansion link motor cabinet, one end of expansion link ball-screw is connected with expansion link servomotor by shaft coupling one, bearings expansion link ball-screw, one end of inner sleeve is provided with threads of lead screw hole two, its cylindrical is provided with external splines, the other end of ball-screw revolves and in the threads of lead screw hole two of inner sleeve, the external splines of inner sleeve coordinates with the internal spline of outer sleeve and is flexibly connected, one end that outer sleeve is provided with expansion link servomotor is fixedly installed on the connecting plate of fixed platform by ball pivot, the other end of inner sleeve is fixedly connected with moving platform by ball pivot, topping machanism comprises rotary head, rotary head drive motors, spindle servo electric machine, cutter clamping head, rotary head connects perpendicular to moving platform, by be set to around the direction of rotation perpendicular to moving platform axis C to, by perpendicular to C to direction of rotation be set to A to, rotary head drive motors is fixedly connected with rotary head, and drive rotary head around C to, A is to rotation, the other end of rotary head is provided with spindle servo electric machine, one end of spindle servo electric machine is provided with cutter clamping head,
Lower floor's organisation of working comprise lower floor's fixed mount, with the on all four parallel machanism of upper strata organisation of working, lower floor's Y-direction drive unit, lower floor's fixed mount is movably arranged on the lower end of the hollow part of support guide frame, lower floor's fixed mount is rectangular structure part, its center is provided with the fixing inner chamber two of rectangular shape along the X direction, several supporting shaft hole three is respectively provided with in the middle part of two vertical sides of fixing inner chamber two, several locating hole three is provided with in the both sides of supporting shaft hole three, be provided with a pair lower floor's Y-direction guide ledges along the Y direction at the lower plane of lower floor's fixed mount, a pair lower floor's Y-direction guide ledges cooperatively interacts with a pair lower floor's Y-direction direction recess of support guide frame and is flexibly connected, the structure of the parallel machanism of lower floor's organisation of working and mounting means and upper strata organisation of working completely the same, lower floor's Y-direction drive unit comprises lower floor's Y-direction motor cabinet, a pair lower floor's Y-direction bearing block, lower floor's Y-direction drive motors, a pair lower floor's Y-direction bearing, lower floor's Y-direction ball-screw, lower floor's Y-direction shaft coupling, lower floor's Y-direction feed screw nut, lower floor's Y-direction motor cabinet and a pair lower floor's Y-direction bearing block are fixed in the Y-direction of the lower end of the hollow part of support guide frame respectively according to said sequence, lower floor's Y-direction drive motors and a pair lower floor's Y-direction bearing are arranged in lower floor's Y-direction motor cabinet and a pair lower floor's Y-direction bearing block respectively, the two ends of lower floor's Y-direction ball-screw are respectively by a pair lower floor's Y-direction bearings, lower floor's Y-direction ball-screw is connected with lower floor Y-direction drive motors by lower floor's Y-direction shaft coupling, lower floor's Y-direction feed screw nut is fixedly connected on the lower plane of lower floor's fixed mount, lower floor's Y-direction ball-screw revolves with lower floor Y-direction feed screw nut and is connected,
Structure and first processing unit (plant) of the second processing unit (plant) are completely the same;
Workbench comprises table base, turntable, bearing two, fixing tool, electric rotating machine, shaft coupling two, turntable connects the upper plane being arranged on table base by bearing two, electric rotating machine is arranged on the inside of table base, and be connected with turntable by shaft coupling two, fixing tool comprises scroll chuck and fixing end cap, scroll chuck is arranged on a spinstand, screw is fixedly installed in the upper plane of turntable, its wheel hub is fixed by scroll chuck in the lower end of screw, and upper end is fixed by fixing end cap.
Object of the present invention can also be realized further by following technical measures:
Aforesaid a kind of lathe for processing screw, the upper plane of pedestal is provided with two arc orbits, arc orbit with the center of pedestal for the center of circle; The lower plane of the base of the second processing unit (plant) is also provided with several roller, and roller is arranged in two arc orbits, and the distance between roller is equal with the distance between two arc orbits.
Aforesaid a kind of lathe for processing screw, the distance between the locating hole one of the distance between the locating hole two of location-plate to supporting shaft hole two and upper strata fixed mount to supporting shaft hole one, the locating hole three of lower floor's fixed mount are equal to the distance between supporting shaft hole three.
Aforesaid a kind of lathe for processing screw, the distance between the locating hole two of location-plate to supporting shaft hole two is equal to the distance between supporting shaft hole three with the locating hole three of lower floor's fixed mount.
Aforesaid a kind of lathe for processing screw, the stroke of upper strata Y-direction drive unit and lower floor's Y-direction drive unit is equal.
The present invention is respectively equipped with the first processing unit (plant) and the second processing unit (plant) in the both sides of workbench, can process simultaneously, improve production efficiency to screw, cost-saving, parallel machanism has stronger pose fulfillment capability, Multi-axis simultaneous machining can be realized complex-curved, because parallel machanism is limited in scope, therefore subregion machining large marine propeller is adopted, the topping machanism machinable screw individual blade one side of parallel machanism is at X, Z-direction regional space in Y-direction one segment limit, after processing a region, upper strata Y-direction drive unit and lower floor's Y-direction drive unit drive upper strata fixed mount and lower floor's fixed mount to move the next region of continuing machining blade Y-direction along Y-direction respectively, until blade Y-direction in a segment limit of X-direction is whole processed complete, in conjunction with the mobile one side processing that just can complete screw individual blade in X direction of support guide frame, upper strata organisation of working and lower floor's organisation of working can process the upper of individual blade simultaneously, lower two sides, first processing unit (plant) and the second processing unit (plant) can process the upper of two blades simultaneously, lower two sides, process aftertable and rotate the processing that can continue next group blade, therefore the processing of whole screw can be completed, the present invention is by above-mentioned upper and lower, the parallel machanism be symmetrically arranged carrys out machining large marine propeller, the high rigidity of parallel machanism itself, high speed, low inertia makes this lathe have good dynamic performance, reduce machine vibration, there is good flutter stability, be arranged symmetrically with up and down and can just complete the processing of screw above and below by clamped one time, avoid resetting error, improve working (machining) efficiency, and can offset Tool in Cutting add man-hour part axial force thus reduce deformable blade, there is good static mechanical performance, thus improve machining accuracy, left and right bidirectional arrangements can process two blades simultaneously, improves working (machining) efficiency further.First processing unit (plant) and the second processing unit (plant) are arranged symmetrically with and are only suitable for the propeller processing that blade is even number, and when propeller blade is even number, symmetry fixes the base of the first processing unit (plant) and the second processing unit (plant); When propeller blade is odd number, the base of the second processing unit (plant) rotates 180/n degree (n is the screw number of sheets) along the arc orbit of pedestal around propeller center axle on the basis be symmetrically arranged, and then firm banking can process two blades as processing even leaves simultaneously; Add man-hour parallel machanism opposite base to fix, instead of mobile upper strata fixed mount and lower floor's fixed mount in process, can ensure that parallel machanism has good rigidity like this; The fixed platform of fixing parallel machanism is installed with back shaft and alignment pin, parallel machanism can be rotated in XZ direction plane, the propeller processing that parallel machanism pose adapts to different model size can be adjusted like this; In addition, in General layout Plan, use the first processing unit (plant) and second processing unit (plant) of homogenous configuration type, be convenient to modularized design, improve design efficiency.
Advantage and disadvantage of the present invention, by for illustration and explanation for the non-limitative illustration passing through preferred embodiment below, these embodiments, only provide as an example with reference to accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is stereogram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is front view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is left view of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the stereogram of parallel machanism of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the stereogram of workbench of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, comprise pedestal 1, first processing unit (plant) 2, with duplicate second processing unit (plant) 4 of the first processing unit (plant) 2, workbench 3; Workbench 3 is fixedly installed in the upper planar central of pedestal 1, and the first processing unit (plant) 2, second processing unit (plant) 4 is symmetricly set on the both sides of workbench 3 and is connected with the upper plane of pedestal 1; Line between first processing unit (plant) 2 and the second processing unit (plant) 4 is set to X-direction, and the direction pointing to workbench 3 is positive direction, can determine Y-direction and Z-direction according to right-hand rule;
First processing unit (plant) 2 comprises base 21, support guide frame 23, upper strata organisation of working 25, lower floor's organisation of working 29; Base 21 is fixedly connected in the upper plane of pedestal 1, and support guide frame 23 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of base 21, and upper strata organisation of working 25 and lower floor's organisation of working 29 are separately positioned on above and below support guide frame 23;
As shown in Figure 2, base 21 is rectangular structure parts, on it, plane is provided with several X being parallel to X-direction to guide ledges 211, the middle part of the upper plane of base 21 is also provided with and is parallel to the X of X to guide ledges 211 to drive unit 22, X comprises X to motor cabinet 221 to drive unit 22, a pair X is to bearing block 222, X is to drive motors 223, a pair X is to bearing 224, X is to ball-screw 225, X is to shaft coupling 226, X is to feed screw nut 227, X is separately fixed at base 21X direction on to bearing block 222 by said sequence to motor cabinet 221 and a pair X, X is arranged on X respectively to motor cabinet 221 and a pair X in bearing block 222 to drive motors 223 and a pair X to bearing 224, X supports to bearing 224 to the two ends of ball-screw 225 respectively by a pair X, X is connected to drive motors 223 to shaft coupling 226 with X to ball-screw 225 by X, X to feed screw nut 227 revolve and at X on ball-screw 225,
As shown in Figure 3, support guide frame 23 is rectangular structure parts, its center is provided with the hollow part 235 of rectangular shape along the X direction, several X being parallel to X-direction is provided with to direction recess 231 at the lower plane of support guide frame 23, be provided with pair of parallel in the upper strata Y-direction guide ledges 232 of Y-direction in the upper plane of support guide frame 23, the upper strata Y-direction direction recess 234 that one is parallel to Y-direction is provided with between a pair upper strata Y-direction guide ledges 232, upper strata Y-direction direction recess 234 passes straight through to the upper end of hollow part 235, be provided with pair of parallel in lower floor's Y-direction direction recess 236 of Y-direction in the lower end of hollow part 235, the X of base 21 is fixed on the middle part of the lower plane of support guide frame 23 to the X of drive unit 22 to feed screw nut 227, several X of support guide frame 23 coordinate one by one to several X of direction recess 231 and base 21 to guide ledges 211 and are flexibly connected,
Upper strata organisation of working 25 comprises upper strata fixed mount 26, upper strata Y-direction drive unit 24, slide carriage 27, parallel machanism 28, upper strata fixed mount 26 is movably arranged on the upper end of the hollow part 235 of support guide frame 23, upper strata fixed mount 26 is rectangular structure part, its center is provided with the fixing inner chamber 1 of rectangular shape along the X direction, a supporting shaft hole 1 is respectively provided with in the heart in two vertical sides of fixing inner chamber 1, a locating hole 1 is also provided with for the center of circle with supporting shaft hole 1, the fixing lug boss 261 of rectangular shape is provided with on the top of upper strata fixed mount 26, pass in the upper strata Y-direction direction recess 234 that fixing lug boss 261 is movably connected in support guide frame 23, the position that fixing lug boss 261 passes upper strata Y-direction direction recess 234 is provided with a fixing square hole 264 along the X direction, the center position that fixing lug boss 261 is arranged on the inside of upper strata Y-direction direction recess 234 is provided with a threads of lead screw hole 1 along the Y direction, slide carriage 27 is rectangular structure part, is provided with pair of parallel in the shifting chute 271 of Y-direction at its lower plane, be connected with it in the fixing square hole 264 that slide carriage 27 is through fixing lug boss 261, a pair shifting chute 271 of slide carriage 27 cooperatively interacts with a pair upper strata Y-direction guide ledges 232 of support guide frame 23 and is flexibly connected, upper strata Y-direction drive unit 24 is provided with along the Y direction in upper strata Y-direction direction recess 234, upper strata Y-direction drive unit 24 comprises upper strata Y-direction motor cabinet 241, a pair upper strata Y-direction bearing block 242, upper strata Y-direction drive motors 243, a pair upper strata Y-direction bearing 244, upper strata Y-direction ball-screw 245, upper strata Y-direction shaft coupling 246, upper strata Y-direction motor cabinet 241 and a pair upper strata Y-direction bearing block 242 are fixed in the Y-direction on the top of support guide frame 23 according to said sequence respectively, upper strata Y-direction drive motors 243 and a pair upper strata Y-direction bearing 244 are arranged in upper strata Y-direction motor cabinet 241 and a pair upper strata Y-direction bearing block 242 respectively, the two ends of upper strata Y-direction ball-screw 245 support respectively by a pair upper strata Y-direction bearing 244, upper strata Y-direction ball-screw 245 is connected with upper strata Y-direction drive motors 243 by upper strata Y-direction shaft coupling 246, upper strata Y-direction ball-screw 245 revolves with the threads of lead screw hole 1 of upper strata fixed mount 26 and is connected, as shown in Figure 4, parallel machanism 28 is fixedly installed in the fixing inner chamber 1 of upper strata fixed mount 26, parallel machanism 28 comprises fixed platform 81, moving platform 82, three expansion links 83, topping machanism 84, ball pivot 85, fixed platform 81 is flexibly connected with moving platform 82 by three expansion links 83, topping machanism 84 is fixedly connected on moving platform 82, fixed platform 81 is the parts of " work " font, two location-plates be parallel to each other 812 are connected by one piece of connecting plate 811, a supporting shaft hole 2 814 is respectively provided with in the heart in two location-plates 812, several locating hole 2 813 is also provided with for the center of circle with supporting shaft hole 2 814, the supporting shaft hole 2 814 of fixed platform 81 both sides is connected by back shaft with the supporting shaft hole 1 of upper strata fixed mount 26 both sides, locating hole 1 is connected by alignment pin with locating hole 2 813, expansion link 83 comprises outer sleeve 831, inner sleeve 832, expansion link motor cabinet 833, expansion link servomotor 834, shaft coupling 1, expansion link ball-screw 836, bearing 837, one end of outer sleeve 831 is provided with bearing 837, the other end is provided with internal spline, expansion link motor cabinet 833 is fixedly connected on one end that outer sleeve 831 is provided with bearing 837, expansion link servomotor 834 is fixedly installed on expansion link motor cabinet 833, one end of expansion link ball-screw 836 is connected with expansion link servomotor 834 by shaft coupling 1, bearings expansion link ball-screw 836, one end of inner sleeve 832 is provided with threads of lead screw hole 2 838, its cylindrical is provided with external splines, the other end of ball-screw revolves and in the threads of lead screw hole 2 838 of inner sleeve 832, the external splines of inner sleeve 832 coordinates with the internal spline of outer sleeve 831 and is flexibly connected, one end that outer sleeve 831 is provided with expansion link servomotor 834 is fixedly installed on the connecting plate 811 of fixed platform 81 by ball pivot 85, the other end of inner sleeve 832 is fixedly connected with moving platform 82 by ball pivot 85, topping machanism 84 comprises rotary head 841, rotary head drive motors 842, spindle servo electric machine 843, cutter clamping head 844, rotary head 841 connects perpendicular to moving platform 82, by be set to around the direction of rotation perpendicular to moving platform 82 axis C to, by perpendicular to C to direction of rotation be set to A to, rotary head drive motors 842 is fixedly connected with rotary head 841, and drive rotary head 841 around C to, A is to rotation, the other end of rotary head 841 is provided with spindle servo electric machine 843, one end of spindle servo electric machine 843 is provided with cutter clamping head 844.
Lower floor's organisation of working 29 comprise lower floor's fixed mount 291, with the on all four parallel machanism 292 of upper strata organisation of working 25, lower floor's Y-direction drive unit 293, lower floor's fixed mount 291 is movably arranged on the lower end of the hollow part 235 of support guide frame 23, lower floor's fixed mount 291 is rectangular structure part, its center is provided with the fixing inner chamber 2 911 of rectangular shape along the X direction, a supporting shaft hole 3 914 is respectively provided with in the heart in two vertical sides of fixing inner chamber 2 911, a locating hole 3 913 is also provided with for the center of circle with supporting shaft hole 3 914, a pair lower floor's Y-direction guide ledges 912 is provided with along the Y direction at the lower plane of lower floor's fixed mount 291, a pair lower floor's Y-direction guide ledges 912 cooperatively interacts with a pair lower floor's Y-direction direction recess 236 of support guide frame 23 and is flexibly connected, the structure of the parallel machanism 292 of lower floor's organisation of working 29 and mounting means and upper strata organisation of working 25 completely the same, lower floor's Y-direction drive unit 293 comprises lower floor's Y-direction motor cabinet 931, 934 932, a pair lower floor's Y-direction bearing, lower floor's Y-direction drive motors 933, a pair lower floor's Y-direction bearing 934, lower floor's Y-direction ball-screw 935, lower floor's Y-direction shaft coupling 936, lower floor's Y-direction feed screw nut 937, lower floor's Y-direction motor cabinet 931 and a pair 934 932, lower floor's Y-direction bearing are fixed in the Y-direction of the lower end of the hollow part 235 of support guide frame 23 respectively according to said sequence, lower floor's Y-direction drive motors 933 and a pair lower floor's Y-direction bearing 934 are arranged in lower floor's Y-direction motor cabinet 931 and a pair 934 932, lower floor's Y-direction bearing respectively, the two ends of lower floor's Y-direction ball-screw 935 support respectively by a pair lower floor's Y-direction bearing 934, lower floor's Y-direction ball-screw 935 is connected with lower floor Y-direction drive motors 933 by lower floor's Y-direction shaft coupling 936, lower floor's Y-direction feed screw nut 937 is fixedly connected on the lower plane of lower floor's fixed mount 291, lower floor's Y-direction ball-screw 935 revolves with lower floor Y-direction feed screw nut 937 and is connected, distance between the locating hole 1 of the distance between the locating hole 2 813 of location-plate 812 to supporting shaft hole 2 814 and upper strata fixed mount 26 to supporting shaft hole 1, the locating hole 3 913 of lower floor's fixed mount 291 are equal to the distance between supporting shaft hole 3 914.
Structure and first processing unit (plant) 2 of the second processing unit (plant) 4 are completely the same; The upper plane of pedestal 1 is provided with two arc orbits 11, arc orbit 11 with the center of pedestal 1 for the center of circle; The lower plane of the base 21 of the second processing unit (plant) 4 is also provided with several roller 41, and roller 41 is arranged in two arc orbits 11, and the distance between roller 41 is equal with the distance between two arc orbits 11.
As shown in Figure 5, workbench 3 comprises table base 31, turntable 32, bearing 2 33, fixing tool 34, electric rotating machine 35, shaft coupling 2 36, turntable 32 connects the upper plane being arranged on table base 31 by bearing 2 33, electric rotating machine 35 is arranged on the inside of table base 31, and be connected with turntable 32 by shaft coupling 2 36, fixing tool 34 comprises scroll chuck 341 and fixing end cap 342, scroll chuck 341 is arranged on turntable 32, screw 5 is fixedly installed in the upper plane of turntable 32, its wheel hub is fixed by scroll chuck 341 in the lower end of screw 5, upper end is fixed by fixing end cap 342.
Adjust the position of parallel machanism 28 respectively with alignment pin and back shaft according to screw model, around back shaft rotating upper layer fixed mount 26 and lower floor's fixed mount 291, adjust to correct position, alignment pin is aimed at the locating hole 2 813 inserting the locating hole 1 of upper strata fixed mount 26 and the fixed platform 81 on upper strata, the locating hole 2 813 inserting the locating hole 3 913 of lower floor's fixed mount 291 and the fixed platform 81 of lower floor aimed at by alignment pin in addition, and namely the Z-direction position of upper and lower like this layer organisation of working fixes.
Support guide frame 23 can realize X-direction by X to drive unit 22 and move, X drives X bottom support guide frame 23 to feed screw nut 227 under the drive of X to drive motors 223 to the X of drive unit 22 to ball-screw 225, support guide frame 23 moves in guide ledges 211 in X direction at X, for regulating topping machanism 84 relative to the position of screw 5, regulate X-direction apart from rear and fixing.
Upper strata organisation of working 25 realizes the movement of Y-direction by upper strata Y-direction drive unit 24, the upper strata Y-direction ball-screw 245 of upper strata Y-direction drive unit 24 drives the threads of lead screw hole 1 of upper strata fixed mount 26 under the drive of upper strata Y-direction drive motors 243, upper strata fixed mount 26 drives slide carriage 27 to move along upper strata Y-direction guide ledges 232, the Y-direction realizing upper strata fixed mount 26 moves, also fixing after regulating the position of upper strata Y-direction.
Lower floor's organisation of working 29 realizes the movement of Y-direction by lower floor's Y-direction drive unit 293, lower floor's Y-direction ball-screw 935 of lower floor's Y-direction drive unit 293 drives lower floor's Y-direction feed screw nut 937 of lower floor's fixed mount 291 under the drive of lower floor's Y-direction drive motors 933, lower floor's fixed mount 291 moves along lower floor's Y-direction direction recess 236, the Y-direction realizing lower floor's fixed mount 291 moves, also fixing after regulating the position of lower floor's Y-direction.
Parallel machanism 28 couples together formation closed loop configuration by fixed platform 81, moving platform 82, three expansion links 83, expansion link servomotor 834 drives expansion link ball-screw 836 to rotate, the rotary motion of expansion link ball-screw 836 is converted to the rectilinear motion of inner sleeve 832 by inner sleeve 832 and being connected of expansion link ball-screw 836, thus drives the pose change of moving platform 82 by the change of the length of three expansion links 83.Rotary head 841 is connected with moving platform 82, and auxiliary parallel machanism is to improve operating flexibility, and rotary head drive motors 842 can drive rotary head 841 around C to, A to rotation, and spindle servo electric machine 843 carry its tools clamping head 844 rotates.
Table base 31 is installed turntable 32, connect with bearing 2 33 direct friction avoiding contact surface between them, larger radial load can be born simultaneously, simultaneously axial good rigidly, screw 5 is arranged on turntable 32, the upper plane of screw 5 is fixed by fixing end cap 342, wheel hub 51 bottom it is fixed by scroll chuck 341, thus realize screw 5 and there is no relative motion with turntable 32, be beneficial to raising positioning precision, in the process of processing, rotated by electric rotating machine 35, turntable 32 is driven to rotate, turntable 32 carrying screws 5 rotates, be convenient to process each blade.
After screw 5 and first, second processing unit (plant) are fixed on desired location respectively, wait for that digital control system starts.
Quiet coordinate system O-XYZ build on fixed platform 81, moving coordinate system O'-X'Y'Z' build on moving platform 82, by the size and dimension reasonable disposition topping machanism 84 of screw 5 angle with avoid interfere and have good processing characteristics, the tie point coordinate of rotary head 841 and moving platform 82 can be drawn according to the size of rotary head 841 and pose, afterwards the coordinate of each pin joint in moving coordinate system of moving platform 82 can be determined, on moving platform 82, the vectorial R' of any point in moving coordinate system can by coordinate transform in the quiet coordinate system of fixed platform 81, if T is the direction cosine matrix of fixed platform 81 pose, P is the coordinate of moving coordinate system initial point in quiet coordinate system, then coordinate transform formula is
, the bar long vector of expansion link 83 can be expressed as in quiet coordinate system
(i=1,2,3).
Obtain thus, the long computing formula of bar of expansion link 83
(i=1,2,3).
So just can control lever length drive moving platform 82 by expection regular movement, thus realize expection Tool in Cutting track.When program is run, three expansion link servomotors 834 drive moving platform 82 to move, and realize multi-shaft interlocked; Rotary head drive motors 842 drives two rotating shaft to rotate, and auxiliary parallel machanism 28 realizes the motion of cutter; Spindle servo electric machine 3-19 drive shaft cutter rotates.Like this, up and down the serial parallel mechanism that, left and right is arranged symmetrically with respectively can realize the symmetrical one group of blade of large-scale marine propeller 4-6 sheet and process at the Z-direction curved surface area of X, Y-direction one segment limit under digital control system controls.
Man-hour is added at the Z-direction curved surface area completing propeller blade X-direction and a bit of scope of Y-direction, upper strata Y-direction drive unit 24 and lower floor's Y-direction drive unit 293 drive upper strata fixed mount 26 and lower floor's fixed mount 291 along Y-direction translation one segment distance respectively, and then make it fixing, continue other Y, the Z-direction curved surface area of that segment limit of blade X-direction of processing screw 5.Repeat said process, the curved surface area processing of that segment limit of propeller blade X-direction can be completed.
After the whole curved surface area processing of the Y-direction and Z-direction that complete propeller blade X-direction one segment limit, under digital control system controls, a support guide frame 23 mobile segment distance is in X direction driven to drive unit 22 by X, and then make it fixing, continue the blade X of processing screw 5 to another segment limit, repeat above-mentioned steps, until about screw two blade above and below and wheel hub all processed complete.Then, upper and lower layer organisation of working gets back to initial position, waits for subsequent operation.
After processing a pair blade above, under digital control system controls, electric rotating machine 35 starts, driven rotary platform 32 rotates, screw 5 rotates to an angle 360/n ° (n is the screw number of sheets) along with turntable 32, repeat the operating process of three steps above, just can complete down the processing of a pair blade.
Repetition like this, completes until whole screw 5 is processed.
When the number of sheets of screw 5 is odd number, the roller 41 on the second processing unit (plant) 4 rotates along arc orbit 11, can realize the object of machining blade while of both sides.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments, and all employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop in the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (5)
1., for processing a lathe for screw, it is characterized in that: comprise pedestal, the first processing unit (plant), with duplicate second processing unit (plant) of the first processing unit (plant), workbench; Described workbench is fixedly installed in the upper planar central of pedestal, and described first processing unit (plant), the second processing unit (plant) are symmetricly set on the both sides of workbench and are connected with the upper plane of pedestal; Line between first processing unit (plant) and the second processing unit (plant) is set to X-direction, and the direction pointing to workbench is positive direction, can determine Y-direction and Z-direction according to right-hand rule;
Described first processing unit (plant) comprises base, support guide frame, upper strata organisation of working, lower floor's organisation of working; Described base is fixedly connected on the upper plane of pedestal, and described support guide frame is fixedly installed on the upper surface of base, and described upper strata organisation of working and lower floor's organisation of working are separately positioned on above and below support guide frame;
Described base is rectangular structure parts, on it, plane is provided with several X being parallel to X-direction to guide ledges, the middle part of the upper plane of described base is also provided with and is parallel to the X of X to guide ledges to drive unit, described X comprises X to motor cabinet to drive unit, a pair X is to bearing block, X is to drive motors, a pair X is to bearing, X is to ball-screw, X is to shaft coupling, X is to feed screw nut, described X is separately fixed at base X-direction in bearing block by said sequence to motor cabinet and a pair X, described X is arranged on X respectively to motor cabinet and a pair X in bearing block to drive motors and a pair X to bearing, X to the two ends of ball-screw respectively by a pair X to bearings, X is connected to drive motors to shaft coupling with X to ball-screw by X, X to feed screw nut revolve and at X on ball-screw,
Described support guide frame is rectangular structure parts, its center is provided with the hollow part of rectangular shape along the X direction, several X being parallel to X-direction is provided with to direction recess at the lower plane of support guide frame, be provided with pair of parallel in the upper strata Y-direction guide ledges of Y-direction in the upper plane of support guide frame, the upper strata Y-direction direction recess that one is parallel to Y-direction is provided with between described a pair upper strata Y-direction guide ledges, described upper strata Y-direction direction recess passes straight through to the upper end of hollow part, be provided with pair of parallel in lower floor's Y-direction direction recess of Y-direction in the lower end of described hollow part, the X of described base is fixed on the middle part of the lower plane of support guide frame to the X of drive unit to feed screw nut, several X of described support guide frame coordinate one by one to several X of direction recess and base to guide ledges and are flexibly connected,
Described upper strata organisation of working comprises upper strata fixed mount, upper strata Y-direction drive unit, slide carriage, parallel machanism, described upper strata fixed mount is movably arranged on the upper end of the hollow part of support guide frame, described upper strata fixed mount is rectangular structure part, its center is provided with the fixing inner chamber one of rectangular shape along the X direction, the middle part of two vertical sides of described fixing inner chamber one is respectively provided with several supporting shaft hole one, several locating hole one is also provided with in the both sides of supporting shaft hole one, the fixing lug boss of rectangular shape is provided with on the top of upper strata fixed mount, pass in the upper strata Y-direction direction recess that described fixing lug boss is movably connected in support guide frame, the position that described fixing lug boss passes upper strata Y-direction direction recess is provided with a fixing square hole along the X direction, the center position that described fixing lug boss is arranged on the inside of upper strata Y-direction direction recess is provided with a threads of lead screw hole along the Y direction, described slide carriage is rectangular structure part, is provided with pair of parallel in the shifting chute of Y-direction at its lower plane, be connected with it in the fixing square hole that described slide carriage is through fixing lug boss, a pair shifting chute of described slide carriage cooperatively interacts with a pair upper strata Y-direction guide ledges of support guide frame and is flexibly connected, upper strata Y-direction drive unit is provided with along the Y direction in the Y-direction direction recess of upper strata, described upper strata Y-direction drive unit comprises upper strata Y-direction motor cabinet, a pair upper strata Y-direction bearing block, upper strata Y-direction drive motors, a pair upper strata Y-direction bearing, upper strata Y-direction ball-screw, upper strata Y-direction shaft coupling, described upper strata Y-direction motor cabinet and a pair upper strata Y-direction bearing block are fixed on according to said sequence in the Y-direction on top of support guide frame respectively, upper strata Y-direction drive motors and a pair upper strata Y-direction bearing are arranged in upper strata Y-direction motor cabinet and a pair upper strata Y-direction bearing block respectively, the two ends of upper strata Y-direction ball-screw are respectively by a pair upper strata Y-direction bearings, upper strata Y-direction ball-screw is connected with upper strata Y-direction drive motors by upper strata Y-direction shaft coupling, upper strata Y-direction ball-screw revolves with the threads of lead screw hole of upper strata fixed mount and is connected, described parallel machanism is fixedly installed in the fixing inner chamber one of upper strata fixed mount, described parallel machanism comprises fixed platform, moving platform, three expansion links, topping machanism, ball pivot, described fixed platform is flexibly connected with moving platform by three expansion links, described topping machanism is fixedly connected on moving platform, described fixed platform is the parts of " work " font, two location-plates be parallel to each other are connected by one piece of connecting plate, a supporting shaft hole two is respectively provided with in the heart in described two location-plates, several locating hole two is also provided with for the center of circle with supporting shaft hole two, the supporting shaft hole two of described fixed platform both sides is connected by back shaft with the supporting shaft hole one of fixed mount both sides, upper strata, described locating hole one is connected by alignment pin with locating hole two, described expansion link comprises outer sleeve, inner sleeve, expansion link motor cabinet, expansion link servomotor, shaft coupling one, expansion link ball-screw, bearing, one end of described outer sleeve is provided with bearing, the other end is provided with internal spline, described expansion link motor cabinet is fixedly connected on one end that outer sleeve is provided with bearing, described expansion link servomotor is fixedly installed on expansion link motor cabinet, one end of described expansion link ball-screw is connected with expansion link servomotor by shaft coupling one, described bearings expansion link ball-screw, one end of described inner sleeve is provided with threads of lead screw hole two, its cylindrical is provided with external splines, the other end of described ball-screw revolves and in the threads of lead screw hole two of inner sleeve, the external splines of described inner sleeve coordinates with the internal spline of outer sleeve and is flexibly connected, one end that described outer sleeve is provided with expansion link servomotor is fixedly installed on the connecting plate of fixed platform by ball pivot, the other end of described inner sleeve is fixedly connected with moving platform by ball pivot, described topping machanism comprises rotary head, rotary head drive motors, spindle servo electric machine, cutter clamping head, described rotary head connects perpendicular to moving platform, by be set to around the direction of rotation perpendicular to moving platform axis C to, by perpendicular to C to direction of rotation be set to A to, described rotary head drive motors is fixedly connected with rotary head, and drive rotary head around C to, A is to rotation, the other end of described rotary head is provided with spindle servo electric machine, one end of described spindle servo electric machine is provided with cutter clamping head,
Described lower floor organisation of working comprise lower floor's fixed mount, with the on all four parallel machanism of upper strata organisation of working, lower floor's Y-direction drive unit, described lower floor fixed mount is movably arranged on the lower end of the hollow part of support guide frame, described lower floor fixed mount is rectangular structure part, its center is provided with the fixing inner chamber two of rectangular shape along the X direction, several supporting shaft hole three is respectively provided with in the middle part of two vertical sides of described fixing inner chamber two, several locating hole three is provided with in the both sides of supporting shaft hole three, a pair lower floor's Y-direction guide ledges is provided with along the Y direction at the lower plane of lower floor's fixed mount, described a pair lower floor's Y-direction guide ledges cooperatively interacts with a pair lower floor's Y-direction direction recess of support guide frame and is flexibly connected, the structure of the parallel machanism of described lower floor organisation of working and mounting means and upper strata organisation of working completely the same, described lower floor Y-direction drive unit comprises lower floor's Y-direction motor cabinet, a pair lower floor's Y-direction bearing block, lower floor's Y-direction drive motors, a pair lower floor's Y-direction bearing, lower floor's Y-direction ball-screw, lower floor's Y-direction shaft coupling, lower floor's Y-direction feed screw nut, described lower floor Y-direction motor cabinet and a pair lower floor's Y-direction bearing block are fixed in the Y-direction of the lower end of the hollow part of support guide frame respectively according to said sequence, lower floor's Y-direction drive motors and a pair lower floor's Y-direction bearing are arranged in lower floor's Y-direction motor cabinet and a pair lower floor's Y-direction bearing block respectively, the two ends of lower floor's Y-direction ball-screw are respectively by a pair lower floor's Y-direction bearings, lower floor's Y-direction ball-screw is connected with lower floor Y-direction drive motors by lower floor's Y-direction shaft coupling, lower floor's Y-direction feed screw nut is fixedly connected on the lower plane of lower floor's fixed mount, lower floor's Y-direction ball-screw revolves with lower floor Y-direction feed screw nut and is connected,
Structure and first processing unit (plant) of described second processing unit (plant) are completely the same;
Described workbench comprises table base, turntable, bearing two, fixing tool, electric rotating machine, shaft coupling two, described turntable connects the upper plane being arranged on table base by bearing two, described electric rotating machine is arranged on the inside of table base, and be connected with turntable by shaft coupling two, described fixing tool comprises scroll chuck and fixing end cap, described scroll chuck is arranged on a spinstand, screw is fixedly installed on the upper plane of turntable, its wheel hub is fixed by scroll chuck in the lower end of screw, and upper end is fixed by fixing end cap.
2. a kind of lathe for processing screw as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the upper plane of described pedestal is provided with two arc orbits, described arc orbit with the center of pedestal for the center of circle; The lower plane of the base of described second processing unit (plant) is also provided with several roller, and described roller is arranged in two arc orbits, and the distance between described roller is equal with the distance between two arc orbits.
3. a kind of lathe for processing screw as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the locating hole two of described location-plate is equal to the distance between supporting shaft hole one with the locating hole one of upper strata fixed mount to the distance between supporting shaft hole two.
4. a kind of lathe for processing screw as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the distance between the locating hole two of described location-plate to supporting shaft hole two is equal to the distance between supporting shaft hole three with the locating hole three of lower floor's fixed mount.
5. a kind of lathe for processing screw as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the stroke of described upper strata Y-direction drive unit and lower floor's Y-direction drive unit is equal.
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