CN100568427C - A kind of preparation method of electrical double layer capacitor electrodes - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of electrical double layer capacitor electrodes Download PDFInfo
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- CN100568427C CN100568427C CNB200610047084XA CN200610047084A CN100568427C CN 100568427 C CN100568427 C CN 100568427C CN B200610047084X A CNB200610047084X A CN B200610047084XA CN 200610047084 A CN200610047084 A CN 200610047084A CN 100568427 C CN100568427 C CN 100568427C
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- utmost point
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Abstract
A kind of preparation method of electrical double layer capacitor electrodes, earlier metal collector is exchanged two-sided corrosion, in solvent, dissolve binding agent, dispersed carbon cellulosic material powder, electric conducting material, make solids volume content and be 10～25% slurry, this slurry is applied to the collector electrode surface, dry, being depressed into thickness is 60～150 μ m, the polarization utmost point and collector electrode is become one and energy secure bond formation band electrode, is cut into the band electrode of two same sizes, behind two electrode riveted joint lead-in wires, sandwich that 30～80 μ m are thick to be wound into fuse every utmost point film, vacuumize 8～18h.The polarization utmost point is to be made of carbon material, electric conducting material and binding agent among the present invention, and is strong with the metal collector adherence, adhesion strength is big, and is high pressure resistant, and as organic electrolyte double electric layer capacitor anodal and negative pole, it is good to discharge and recharge periodicity with it.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronic technology field, relate to double electric layer capacitor, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of electrical double layer capacitor electrodes.
Background technology
The double electric layer capacitor principle is to form electric double layer savings electric charge at electrode and electrolyte interface, in order to improve active carbon, carbon fiber, carbon black, carbon nano-tube, metal oxide, the conducting polymer isoreactivity material that the capacity density electrode will use high-specific surface area.For the electrode high efficiency is discharged and recharged, Low ESR such as binding metal and graphite coating on collector electrode.Collector electrode generally uses rafifinal, stainless steel, nickel of electrochemical corrosion resistant etc.Electrolyte has aqueous electrolyte and organic electrolyte.Organic electrolyte is withstand voltage, and high energy stored is many, but causes that water electrolysis impels its decreased performance in capacitor unit inside owing to there is low amounts of water when capacitor charges, and therefore must fully dewater for electrode, generally takes vaccum dewatering.Main component is an active carbon in the polarization extremely, be generally Powdered, be mixed and made into pellet electrode with the resinoid bond that contains polytetrafluoroethylene and collector electrode connects and composes electrode, for reducing the impedance of this electrode, reduce the thickness of slice, thin piece, thick plate electrode is very difficult but 100 μ m are produced in serialization.Cellulosic binder is mixed with water in addition, and wherein the dispersed activity charcoal is made slurry, is applied on the collector electrode, and drying makes electrode.But a little less than this method cohesive force, collector electrode is little with the adhesion strength of the polarization utmost point.
Summary of the invention
At the problem that present electrical double layer capacitor electrodes and production technology thereof exist, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of electrical double layer capacitor electrodes, solve problems such as the adhesion strength of collector electrode and the polarization utmost point is little.
Contain carbon material, binder material in the polarization extremely among the present invention, it and metal collector form one, immerse organic electrolyte.Contain carboxymethyl cellulose and the mixture that is selected from one or more materials in perfluoroethylene polymer, butyl rubber, polyoxyethylene propylene-based block copolymer, the polyvinylpyrrolidone in the binding agent.
Binding agent is a carboxymethyl cellulose and the mixture that is selected from one or more materials of polyoxyethylene propylene-based block copolymer, perfluoroethylene polymer, butyl rubber, vinylpyrrolidone, stable, the Heat stability is good of electrolyte property, electrochemistry torpescence when using carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid as binding agent.Polyoxyethylene propylene-based block copolymer cohesive force is big to improve the polarization pole strength.Carboxymethyl cellulose and metal bonding power difference only use carboxymethyl cellulose to be the binding agent polarization utmost point and the metal performance degradation that very easily comes off that polarizes that becomes one when discharging and recharging.
The present invention reaches a conclusion: binding agent is one or more a mixture of carboxymethyl cellulose and polyoxyethylene propylene-based block copolymer, perfluoroethylene polymer, butyl rubber, polyvinylpyrrolidone, significantly improves the caking property of the polarization utmost point and collector electrode.
Each constituent content carboxymethyl cellulose 0.1～98% (weight ratio) in the binding agent; Polyoxyethylene propylene-based block copolymer 0～99.9% (weight ratio); Perfluoroethylene polymer 0～99.9% (weight ratio); Polyvinylpyrrolidone 0～99.9% (weight ratio); Butyl rubber 0～99.9% (weight ratio); Common carboxymethyl cellulose level 5%～20% (weight ratio), preferably content is 6～15%.
Binder content is 2～20% (weight ratios) in the polarization extremely, and content just can obtain required electrode slice intensity more than 2%, but the too high polarization electrode resistance of binder content becomes big, is preferably in 5～15%.
Carbon material will use the inactive active carbon with high specific surface area of electrochemistry, carbon black, carbon nano-tube.Active carbon with high specific surface area specific area 1000～2500m wherein
2/ g, carbon black specific area 100～300m
2/ g, specific surface area of carbon nanotube 100～500m
2/ g.Carbon material is content 60～96% (weight ratio) in polarization extremely.
Because the impedance of the polarization utmost point will be hanged down electric conducting materials such as can containing graphite, acetylene black, electric conducting material ratio in polarization extremely is 2～20% (weight ratios).Require electric conducting material granularity 1～8 μ m.
Metal collector is selected aluminum or aluminum alloy for use, particularly purity more than 99.9%, copper content is at the following metallic aluminium of 0.01% (weight ratio), the metal collector rough surface, it is all right with polarization utmost point contact, for making its rough surface, take the corrosion of chemical corrosion or AC electrochemical.
Organic electrolyte does not have particular provisions, and the salt that contains disassociation property in the well-known organic solvent is expressed as R
1R
2R
3R
4NY, R
1R
2R
3R
4PY, R
1, R
2, R
3, R
4For alkyl can be identical also can be inequality; Y is BF
4 -, PF
6 -, ClO
4 -, CF
3SO
3 -Deng anion constitute, be dissolved in and form organic electrolyte in the organic solvent.
Above-mentioned organic solvent is selected propene carbonate, butylene, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, sulfolane or ethylene carbonate for use or is used their mixed solvent.
Adopt cellulose-based electrolytic paper, porous polypropylene, porous Teflon, porous polyethylene, porous polyethylene polypropylene every utmost point film, wherein preferably use the low ptfe porous membrane of the strong moisture content of thermal endurance.Requirement is every utmost point membrane porosity 60%～95%, thickness 20～100 μ m, aperture 0.05～0.2 μ m.
Electrode can followingly be made: metal collector is exchanged two-sided corrosion, and obtaining thickness is that 15～25 μ m, the one-sided thickness of roughness are the collector electrode of 1.0～3.0 μ m; In water, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol or methylethylketone equal solvent, dissolve binding agent, dispersed carbon cellulosic material powder, electric conducting material in this solution, make solids volume content and be 10～25% slurry, this slurry is applied to the collector electrode surface with spreading knife or coating machine equipment, 100～150 ℃ of dryings 10～80 minutes, being depressed into thickness is 60～150 μ m, the polarization utmost point and collector electrode is become one and energy secure bond formation band electrode, and is cut into the band electrode of two same sizes.Behind two electrodes riveted joint lead-in wire, it is thick in utmost point film to sandwich 30～80 μ m, is wound into the fuse that diameter is the high 30～80mm of 25～50mm, 100～150 ℃ of vacuumize 8～18h.
Anodal can use a pair of band electrode with negative pole, between accompany and bandedly be wound into fuse every utmost point film, be loaded in the round-ended cylinder shell, fuse immerses organic electrolyte, with having cap seal mouth anodal and the negative pole wiring screw, shell is aluminum preferably.
Anodal in addition and negative pole can make the electrode of rectangular multilayer, sandwich therebetween every the mutual stacked fuse that makes of utmost point film and draw the rectangle aluminum hull that lead-in wire is loaded on the end, fuse immerses organic electrolyte, the lid laser seal that has anodal and negative pole wiring screw is installed is obtained the rectangle double electric layer capacitor.
The positive pole of double electric layer capacitor and negative pole are that electrode pair immerses organic electrolyte to inserting barrier film.
The polarization utmost point is made up of carbon material, electric conducting material and binding agent among the present invention, and is strong with the metal collector adherence, adhesion strength is big, and is high pressure resistant, and with its organic electrolyte double electric layer capacitor as anodal and negative pole, it is good to discharge and recharge periodicity.
Embodiment
The carboxymethyl cellulose that is adopted (CB300P2), polyoxyethylene propylene-based block copolymer (5200), perfluoroethylene polymer (D2CE), butyl rubber (GOODRICH), vinylpyrrolidone trade names are (K30).
Embodiment 1
The purity of aluminium is more than 99.9%, and copper content is lower than 0.01%, and exchanges two-sided corrosion, obtaining corrosive aluminum foil thickness is 20 μ m, and the one-sided thickness of roughness is 2.0 μ m, observes the surface and become spongy under 20,000 times electron microscope, the etch pit average pore size is 0.1 μ m, at 1cm
28,000,000,000 holes are arranged on the area, hot strength 1.7kg/cm, with it as collector electrode.
The carboxymethyl cellulose of 1 weight portion, the butyl rubber of 7 weight portions, the polyfluorinated ethylene of 1 weight portion, the polyoxyethylene propylene-based block copolymer of 1 weight portion is dissolved in the deionized water its dispersion, active carbon powder 80 weight portions, carbon black 10 weight portions formation solid contents are 16% slurry, it is two-sided to be applied to collector electrode, and it is 100 μ m that 120 ℃ of dryings were pressed into thickness in 60 minutes, be cut into two wide for the 48mm band electrode.
Sandwiching the thick artificial cellulose's paper of 50 μ m membrane coil coiled diameter behind two electrode riveted joint lead-in wires is the fuse of the high 52mm of 32mm, 120 ℃ of vacuumize 12h.With its vacuum impregnation electrolyte, electrolyte is 1.5M/L (C
2H
5)
3CH
3NBF
4Be dissolved in the propene carbonate.
Be loaded in the circular aluminum hull after 40 ℃ in its fuse added 2.5V direct voltage 8h, use dome-shaped phenolic resin loam cake with the explosion-proof valve port of positive and negative terminal.The aluminum hull openend needs complications to seal around the loam cake.So just obtain rated voltage 2.5V capacity 300F capacitor.
It is 45 ℃ in ambient temperature then, direct voltage is to discharge and recharge periodic test under the 10A condition from 2.5V to the 1.25V electric current, capability retention is 90% after 20,000 times, and environment temperature is 65 ℃ and discharges and recharges periodic test equally in addition, and capability retention is 85% after 10,000 times.
Separate the aluminium foil and the polarization utmost point with cutter in addition, at the electrode substance of the residual volume of aluminium foil one side.
Embodiment 2
The carboxymethyl cellulose of 1 weight portion, the butyl rubber of 6 weight portions, the polyfluorinated ethylene of 1 weight portion, the polyoxyethylene propylene-based block copolymer of 2 weight portions are dissolved in the deionized water its dispersion, and other is with example 1.
The same with embodiment 1 is 45 ℃ in ambient temperature, and stream voltage is to discharge and recharge periodic test under the 10A condition from 2.5V to the 1.25V electric current, and capability retention is 85% after 20,000 times.Separate the aluminium foil and the polarization utmost point with cutter in addition, at the electrode substance of the residual volume of aluminium foil one side.
Embodiment 3
The carboxymethyl cellulose of 1 weight portion, the butyl rubber of 5 weight portions, the polyfluorinated ethylene of 2 weight portions, the polyoxyethylene propylene-based block copolymer of 2 weight portions, the polyvinylpyrrolidone of 1 weight portion are dissolved in the deionized water its dispersion, and other is with example 1.The same with example 1 is 45 ℃ in ambient temperature, and stream voltage is to discharge and recharge periodic test under the 10A condition from 2.5V to the 1.25V electric current, and capability retention is 80% after 20,000 times.The external application cutter separates the aluminium foil and the polarization utmost point, at the electrode substance of the residual volume of aluminium foil one side.
Embodiment 4
The carboxymethyl cellulose of 2 weight portions, the butyl rubber of 5 weight portions, the polyvinylpyrrolidone of 3 weight portions are dissolved in the deionized water its dispersion, and other is with example 1.The same with example 1 is 45 ℃ in ambient temperature, and stream voltage is to discharge and recharge periodic test under the 10A condition from 2.5V to the 1.25V electric current, and capability retention is 75% after 20,000 times.The external application cutter separates the aluminium foil and the polarization utmost point, at the electrode substance of the residual volume of aluminium foil one side.
Embodiment 5
The carboxymethyl cellulose of 10 weight portions, other is with example 1.The same with example 1 is 45 ℃ in ambient temperature, and stream voltage is to discharge and recharge periodic test under the 10A condition from 2.5V to the 1.25V electric current, and capability retention is 50% after 20,000 times.Environment temperature is 65 ℃ and discharges and recharges periodic test equally in addition, and capability retention is 20% after 10,000 times.Separate the aluminium foil and the polarization utmost point with cutter in addition, at the residual a spot of electrode substance of aluminium foil one side.
Embodiment 6
Each constituent content carboxymethyl cellulose 20% (weight ratio) in the binding agent; Polyoxyethylene propylene-based block copolymer 2% (weight ratio); Perfluoroethylene polymer 40% (weight ratio); Polyvinylpyrrolidone 20% (weight ratio); Butyl rubber 18% (weight ratio).Binder content is 15% (weight ratio) in the polarization extremely.
Carbon material uses the inactive active carbon with high specific surface area of electrochemistry, specific area 1800m
2/ g, carbon material is content 70% (weight ratio) in polarization extremely.
Select the graphite material, electric conducting material ratio in polarization extremely is 15% (weight ratio).Require electric conducting material granularity 5 μ m.
Metal collector is exchanged two-sided corrosion, and obtaining thickness is that 25 μ m, the one-sided thickness of roughness are the collector electrode of 3.0 μ m; In alcohol solvent, dissolve binding agent, dispersed carbon cellulosic material powder, electric conducting material in this solution, make solids volume content and be 25% slurry, this slurry is applied to the collector electrode surface with equipment such as spreading knife, coating machines, 150 ℃ of dryings 10 minutes, being depressed into thickness is 150 μ m, polarization level and collector electrode is become one also can secure bond form band electrode, and be cut into the band electrode of two same sizes.Behind two electrodes riveted joint lead-in wire, it is thick in utmost point film to sandwich 80 μ m, is wound into the fuse that diameter is the high 80mm of 50mm, 150 ℃ of vacuumize 8h.
Embodiment 7
Each constituent content carboxymethyl cellulose 98% (weight ratio) in the binding agent; Polyvinylpyrrolidone 2% (weight ratio); Binder content is 20% in the polarization extremely.
Carbon material uses the inactive carbon nano-tube of electrochemistry.Specific surface area of carbon nanotube 300m
2/ g.Carbon material is content 60% (weight ratio) in polarization extremely.
Select the acetylene black electric conducting material, electric conducting material ratio in polarization extremely is 20% (weight ratio).Require electric conducting material granularity 1 μ m.
Metal collector is exchanged two-sided corrosion, and obtaining thickness is that 15 μ m, the one-sided thickness of roughness are the collector electrode of 1.0 μ m; In water, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol or methylethylketone equal solvent, dissolve binding agent, dispersed carbon cellulosic material powder, electric conducting material in this solution, make solids volume content and be 10% slurry, this slurry is applied to the collector electrode surface with equipment such as spreading knife, coating machines, 100 ℃ of dryings 80 minutes, being depressed into thickness is 60 μ m, polarization level and collector electrode is become one also can secure bond form band electrode, and be cut into the band electrode of two same sizes.Behind two electrodes riveted joint lead-in wire, it is thick in utmost point film to sandwich 30 μ m, is wound into the fuse that diameter is the high 30mm of 25mm, 100 ℃ of vacuumize 18h.
Embodiment 8
Each constituent content carboxymethyl cellulose 5% (weight ratio) in the binding agent; Polyoxyethylene propylene-based block copolymer 45% (weight ratio); Perfluoroethylene polymer 20% (weight ratio); Polyvinylpyrrolidone 5% (weight ratio); Butyl rubber 25% (weight ratio); Binder content is 2% in the polarization extremely.
Carbon material uses the inactive carbon black of electrochemistry.Carbon black specific area 200m
2/ g.Carbon material is content 93% (weight ratio) in polarization extremely.
Because the impedance of the polarization utmost point will be hanged down electric conducting materials such as can containing graphite, acetylene black, electric conducting material ratio in polarization extremely is 5% (weight ratio).Require electric conducting material granularity 8 μ m.
Metal collector is exchanged two-sided corrosion, and obtaining thickness is that 20 μ m, the one-sided thickness of roughness are the collector electrode of 2.0 μ m; In water, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol or methylethylketone equal solvent, dissolve binding agent, dispersed carbon cellulosic material powder, electric conducting material in this solution, make solids volume content and be 10～25% slurry, this slurry is applied to the collector electrode surface with equipment such as spreading knife, coating machines, 120 ℃ of dryings 50 minutes, being depressed into thickness is 90 μ m, polarization level and collector electrode is become one also can secure bond form band electrode, and be cut into the band electrode of two same sizes.Behind two electrodes riveted joint lead-in wire, it is thick in utmost point film to sandwich 50 μ m, is wound into the fuse that diameter is the high 50mm of 40mm, 120 ℃ of vacuumize 12h.
Embodiment 9
Each constituent content carboxymethyl cellulose 1.5% (weight ratio) in the binding agent; Polyoxyethylene propylene-based block copolymer 9.5% (weight ratio); Perfluoroethylene polymer 85% (weight ratio); Polyvinylpyrrolidone 2% (weight ratio); Butyl rubber 2% (weight ratio); Binder content is 5% in the polarization extremely.
All the other are with embodiment 6.
Embodiment 10
Each constituent content carboxymethyl cellulose 5% (weight ratio) in the binding agent; Polyoxyethylene propylene-based block copolymer 1% (weight ratio); Perfluoroethylene polymer 90% (weight ratio); Polyvinylpyrrolidone 2% (weight ratio); Butyl rubber 2% (weight ratio).All the other are with embodiment 6.
Embodiment 11
Each constituent content carboxymethyl cellulose 10% (weight ratio) in the binding agent; Polyoxyethylene propylene-based block copolymer 88% (weight ratio); Perfluoroethylene polymer 1% (weight ratio); Polyvinylpyrrolidone 1% (weight ratio).All the other are with embodiment 6.
Embodiment 12
Each constituent content carboxymethyl cellulose 6% (weight ratio) in the binding agent; Perfluoroethylene polymer 0.5% (weight ratio); Polyvinylpyrrolidone 0.5% (weight ratio); Butyl rubber 93% (weight ratio).All the other are with embodiment 6.
Embodiment 13
Each constituent content carboxymethyl cellulose 15% (weight ratio) in the binding agent; Polyoxyethylene propylene-based block copolymer 0.5% (weight ratio); Polyvinylpyrrolidone 83% (weight ratio); Butyl rubber 0.5% (weight ratio).All the other are with embodiment 6.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of preparation method of electrical double layer capacitor electrodes is characterized in that processing step is: metal collector is exchanged two-sided corrosion, and obtaining thickness is that 15～25 μ m, the one-sided thickness of roughness are the collector electrode of 1.0～3.0 μ m; Adopt carboxymethyl cellulose and be selected from the polyoxyethylene propylene-based block copolymer, the perfluoroethylene polymer, butyl rubber, the mixture of one or more materials in the polyvinylpyrrolidone is as binding agent, at water, ethanol, dissolve in isopropyl alcohol or the methyl ethyl ketone solvent, dispersed carbon cellulosic material powder in this solution, electric conducting material, make solids volume content and be 10～25% slurry, this slurry is applied to the collector electrode surface with spreading knife or coating machine equipment, 100～150 ℃ of dryings 10～80 minutes, being depressed into thickness is 60～150 μ m, the polarization utmost point and collector electrode are become one and energy secure bond formation band electrode, be cut into the band electrode of two same sizes, behind two electrode riveted joint lead-in wires, it is thick in utmost point film to sandwich 30～80 μ m, be wound into the fuse that diameter is the high 30～80mm of 25～50mm, 100～150 ℃ of vacuumize 8～18h.
2, according to the preparation method of the described electrical double layer capacitor electrodes of claim 1, it is characterized in that each constituent content of described binding agent is by weight carboxymethyl cellulose 0.1～98%, polyoxyethylene propylene-based block copolymer 0～99.9%, perfluoroethylene polymer 0～99.9%, polyvinylpyrrolidone 0～99.9%, butyl rubber 0～99.9%.
3, according to the preparation method of the described electrical double layer capacitor electrodes of claim 1, it is characterized in that the polarization extremely in by weight binder content be 2～20%, carbon material content is 60～96%, electric conducting material content is 2～20%.
4,, it is characterized in that carbon material uses active carbon with high specific surface area, carbon black, carbon nano-tube, wherein active carbon with high specific surface area specific area 1000～2500m according to the preparation method of the described electrical double layer capacitor electrodes of claim 3
2/ g, carbon black specific area 100～300m
2/ g, specific surface area of carbon nanotube 100～500m
2/ g, electric conducting material are graphite or acetylene black and require electric conducting material granularity 1～8 μ m.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101236841B (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2010-12-01 | 上海纳晶科技有限公司 | An electric chemical super capacitor making method |
| CN101299398B (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2010-06-02 | 锦州凯美能源有限公司 | Method for preparing super capacitor |
| CN102044345A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2011-05-04 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Preparation method of active carbon electrode for double electric layer capacitor |
| CN101710539B (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2011-12-07 | 锦州凯美能源有限公司 | Method for manufacturing corrosion-resistant electrode of super capacitor |
| CN101847514B (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2015-10-14 | 集盛星泰(北京)科技有限公司 | A kind of activated carbon electrodes and there is the ultracapacitor of this electrode |
| CN103208372A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-07-17 | 东华大学 | Method for preparing solid-state supercapacitor |
| JP5975953B2 (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2016-08-23 | 日本バルカー工業株式会社 | Method for producing electrode film for electric double layer capacitor |
| CN104779067A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-07-15 | 安徽江威精密制造有限公司 | Waste PVC (polyvinyl chloride) based activated carbon electrode material with high mechanical stability and preparation method thereof |
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