CN100500807C - Biomass oil preparing process and device - Google Patents
Biomass oil preparing process and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN100500807C CN100500807C CNB2006100506447A CN200610050644A CN100500807C CN 100500807 C CN100500807 C CN 100500807C CN B2006100506447 A CNB2006100506447 A CN B2006100506447A CN 200610050644 A CN200610050644 A CN 200610050644A CN 100500807 C CN100500807 C CN 100500807C
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- oil
- ash content
- biotic
- residual oil
- cracker
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a technology for preparation of biotic oil with dissimilar components using biomass including crop straw and its devices. The biotic materials produce the biotic oil by disintegrating process, dehydrating process, split process, multi-stage condensing process and disintegrating process and the devices install reducing mechanism for materials, drier installation, feed gear, cracking unit for bulk, multi-stage condensing unit, debonding unit and collecting device corresponding to every process. The invention can be used in preparing biotic oil with a large industrial scale, in which the heavy leavings and solid carbon powder mixed with ashes can be used as fuels of furnace; the elementary biotic oil can directly be used in direct-combustion system including oil-burning boiler and direct-combustion central air-conditioning, which can substitute gasoline and diesel as combustion engine fuel by refining; the biotic oil with low-boiling point and high-quality can substitute liquefied petroleum gas as domestic fuel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technology and device of fast pyrolysis method suitability for industrialized production high-quality biological matter oil, this technology and device can be used for the large-scale industrialization production of bio-oil.
Background technology
The main body of current energy structure remains oil, Sweet natural gas, coal.And fossil oils such as oil, Sweet natural gas are that the Nonrenewable resources reserves day by day reduce, in recent years in the global range all in various degree appearance energy famine; On the other hand, the irrational utilization of fossil feedstock has brought to environment and has seriously influenced, and has caused the formation of Greenhouse effect and acid rain, and these will bring unpredictable destruction to ecology.Along with development economic and society, people will constantly increase the demand of the energy, and the exploitation renewable energy source is the inevitable choice that promotes national economy sustainable development.Wherein to be sun power be stored in a kind of form of energy in the biology with the chemical energy form to biomass energy, it derives from photosynthesis of plants directly or indirectly, and in various renewable energy sources, biomass are unique, it is the sun power of storing, a kind of especially unique reproducible carbon source.Biomass are widely distributed occurring in nature, and in China's plant husbandry prosperity, annual photosynthesis produces the available biomass energy and amounts to 5.12 hundred million tons of standard coals.These raw material major parts are directly burnt, and do not have fine utilization, and transformation efficiency is only about 10%.If be liquid bio matter oil with Wood Adhesives from Biomass then can improve the quality of utilizing of biomass energy, improved energy density, and easily stored transportation.
The various countries scientific research personnel is more active to the research that quick cracking process prepares bio-oil, but all rests on the experimental phase at present.At present the fast pyrolysis legal system is equipped with the technology that bio-oil adopts and mainly contains:
(1) rotation conical reaction process does not need carrier gas, and biological particles adds rotation awl lower curtate with inert heat carrier, in awl wall spiral uphill process the fast pyrolysis reaction takes place, but its maximum characteristics is that industrial scale is little, and energy consumption is higher.
(2) carry bed bioreactor, introduce the combustion zone of reaction tubes bottom with propane and air according to stoichiometric ratio, high-temp combustion gas decomposes the biomass rapid heating, but needs a large amount of pyritous burning gas and produce the shortcoming that a large amount of non-condensable gases are these devices.
Ciculation fluidized bed process need carry out fluidisation as carrier gas to thermophore in the equipment and biomass with nitrogen, and nitrogen needs preheating, and consumption is very big, and production cost is very high.The temperature of whole system is also wayward.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of technology of utilizing fast pyrolysis method suitability for industrialized production high-quality biological matter oil.
The present invention also provides a kind of device that is used for above-mentioned bio-oil preparation technology.
A kind of preparation technology of bio-oil may further comprise the steps:
(1) biomass material is ground into the powder particle of particle diameter less than 2mm;
(2) the gained material particles is carried out drying being lower than under 200 ℃ of temperature;
(3) dried material particles is carried out scission reaction under 420-650 ℃ and anoxia condition;
(4) product after the cracking once is cooled to below 240 ℃;
(5) cooled split product is separated, remove ash content and residual oil in the product;
(6) product behind removal ash content and the residual oil is carried out secondary and be cooled to below 30 ℃ biomass collection oil;
(7) the not noncondensing gas that produces in (6) is carried out being cooled to for three times below 5 ℃, collect lower boiling oil;
(8) incondensable gas that produces in (7) is recycled.
A kind of device that is used for above-mentioned bio-oil preparation technology, form by material-pulverizing device, material drying device, feeding unit, main body cracker, one-level condensing works, Whirl pump, B-grade condensation device, three grades of condensing workss successively, the B-grade condensation bottom of device is connected with the bio-oil device, and three grades of condensing works bottoms are connected with lower boiling oil collection device.
Described material-pulverizing device comprises that several by the saw wheel that saw disc and cooperation dish alternately rearrange, have gear on the saw wheel, and gear is by electric motor driving, and the saw wheel below is provided with screen cloth.
Described material drying device comprises produces warm stove and drying tube, produces the outlet that warm stove connects screen cloth, and drying tube connects feeding unit.
Described feeding unit comprises automatic suction device and vented screw feeding unit, and the vented screw feeding unit is by electric motor driving, and its exit end inserts the main body cracker.
Be provided with material-spraying device and high temperature reaction zone from the bottom to top in the described main body cracker, high temperature reaction zone is provided with quick response thermocouple assembly and temperature regulator device, and main body cracker wall is provided with thermal insulation layer.
Described material-spraying device adopts water screw, is driven by high-speed electric expreess locomotive.
Described one-level condensing works connects the outlet of main body cracker, has inside and outside two water wall, is equipped with the import and the outlet of cooling medium passage on the inside and outside water wall.
Described B-grade condensation device is provided with ash content and residual oil tripping device, the export pipeline of one-level condensing works is in the middle of a Whirl pump inserts ash content and residual oil tripping device, ash content and residual oil tripping device periphery are provided with a water jacket, water jacket is provided with the cooling medium import and export, be provided with several in the water jacket along the equally distributed spiral heat exchange tube of circumference, the tripping device bottom has ash content and residual oil collection device.
Described three grades of condensing workss are provided with gas diffluence room, the not noncondensing gas conduit of B-grade condensation device inserts in the middle of three grades of condensing workss, gas diffluence room periphery is provided with a water jacket, be provided with several in the water jacket along the equally distributed spiral heat exchange tube of circumference, water jacket is provided with the import and export of cooling medium, and the incondensable gas conduit of three grades of condensing workss inserts and produces warm stove.
The present invention utilizes the vented screw feeding unit will pulverize dried biomass (for example agricultural crop straw, wood powder etc.) and sends into the main body cracker, by the water screw material-spraying device of high speed rotating material is sprayed to enter and fast by the high temperature reaction zone of quick response thermopair and temperature regulator device is installed.Split product is collected the bio-oil of different components through three grades of condensation separation.Wherein heavy residual oil and ash content blended solid carbon dust can be used as and produce warm stove fuel; Elementary bio-oil can directly directly use as direct combustion systems such as oil-firing boiler, direct combustion central air-conditioning, can substitute gasoline, diesel oil as automotive fuel by refining; The high-quality alternative liquefied gas of bio-oil of lower boiling is as domestic fuel.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is preparation technology's of the present invention schema;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of system and device of the present invention;
Fig. 3,4 is for the structural representation of material-pulverizing device of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of main body cracker of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of one-level condensing works of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of B-grade condensation device of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of three grades of condensing workss of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below also the present invention is further illustrated in conjunction with the accompanying drawings for an embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of preparation technology of bio-oil may further comprise the steps:
(1) biomass material is ground into the powder particle of particle diameter less than 2mm;
(2) under 100-200 ℃, the gained material particles is carried out drying;
(3) dried material particles is carried out scission reaction under 420-650 ℃ and anoxia condition;
(4) product after the cracking once is cooled to 200-240 ℃;
(5) cooled split product is separated, remove ash content and residual oil in the product;
(6) product behind removal ash content and the residual oil is carried out secondary and be cooled to 15-30 ℃, biomass collection oil;
(7) the not noncondensing gas that produces in (6) is carried out being cooled to for three times-5-5 ℃, collect lower boiling oil;
(8) collect the incondensable gas that produces in (7), recycle.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of device that is used for bio-oil preparation technology, form by material-pulverizing device 1, material drying device, feeding unit, main body cracker 7, one-level condensing works 8, Whirl pump 9, B-grade condensation device 11, three grades of condensing workss 13 successively, B-grade condensation device 11 bottoms are connected with 10, three grades of condensing works 13 bottoms of bio-oil device and are connected with lower boiling oil collection device 14.
Shown in Fig. 3,4, material-pulverizing device 1 comprises the saw wheel 26 that several are alternately rearranged by saw disc 23 and cooperation dish 24, cooperation dish on saw disc on one of them saw wheel and another saw wheel cooperates, have gear 27 on the saw wheel 26, gear 27 is driven by motor 22, and saw wheel 26 belows are provided with screen cloth 25.Two saw wheels 26 are driven through gear 27 drives by motor 22 and do rightabout rotation.
Material drying device comprises produces warm stove 2 and drying tube 3, produces the outlet that warm stove 2 connects screen cloth 25, and drying tube 3 connects feeding unit.
Feeding unit comprises automatic suction device 4 and vented screw feeding unit 5, and the motor 17 that vented screw feeding unit 5 can be regulated by rotating speed drives, and its exit end inserts main body cracker 7.
As shown in Figure 5, be provided with material-spraying device 6 and high temperature reaction zone 16 in the main body cracker 7 from the bottom to top, high temperature reaction zone 16 is provided with quick response thermocouple assembly 19 and temperature regulator device 18, measures and control the temperature of high temperature reaction zone 16 by temperature regulator device 18 and quick response thermocouple assembly 19.Main body cracker 7 walls are provided with thermal insulation layer 20.
Material-spraying device 6 adopts water screw, is driven by high-speed electric expreess locomotive 21.
As shown in Figure 6, one-level condensing works 8 two ends are provided with the import and export 28,34 of split product, connect main body cracker 7 through import 28, water wall 30 and 31 two water wall of outer water wall in one-level condensing works 8 has, be equipped with the import 29,35 of cooling medium passage on interior water wall 30, the outer water wall 31 and export 32,33, cooling medium one tunnel is through import 29, outlet 32 circulations, and another road is through import 35, outlet 33 circulations.
As shown in Figure 7, B-grade condensation device 11 is provided with ash content and residual oil tripping device 48, be connected through the outlet of Whirl pump 9 with one-level condensing works 8, ash content and residual oil tripping device 48 peripheries are provided with a water jacket 36, water jacket 36 is provided with cooling medium import 37, outlet 40, being provided with several in the water jacket 36 is the spiral heat exchange tube 39 of 8-12mm along the equally distributed internal diameter of circumference, B-grade condensation device 11 lower ends connect matter oil collection device 10 through conduit 38, ash content and residual oil tripping device 48 bottoms have ash content and residual oil collection device 12, the split product of isolating ash content and residual oil enters B-grade condensation device 11 from each spiral heat exchange tube 39 inlets and carries out heat exchange after export 41 discharges, bio-oil liquid enters bio-oil collection device 10 through conduit 38, and noncondensing gas does not then export three grades of condensing workss 13 to through noncondensing gas conduit 42 not.
As shown in Figure 8, three grades of condensing workss 13 are provided with gas diffluence room 45, gas diffluence room 45 peripheries are provided with a water jacket 46, be provided with several in the water jacket 46 along the equally distributed 5-10mm spiral heat exchange tube 39 of circumference, water jacket 46 is provided with the import 43 of cooling medium, outlet 47, incondensable gas conduit 15 inserts and produces warm stove 2, gas diffluence room 45 lower ends are connected with lower boiling oil collection device 14, split product enters three grades of condensing workss 13 from each spiral heat exchange tube 39 inlets to carry out discharging from exporting 44 after the heat exchange, the liquid that obtains after the cooling flows into lower boiling oil collection device 14, incondensable gas is derived through noncondensable gas conduit 15, is recycled to produce the utilization that acts as a fuel of warm stove 2.
Biomass material is put into material-pulverizing device 1, and biomass material is ground into the powder particle of particle diameter less than 2mm through two saw wheels 26 of shredding unit 1; Material after pulverizing available material after screen cloth 25 screenings carries out drying through producing warm stove 2, drying tube 3 under 100-200 ℃ of condition, the free water content that makes biomass material is less than 8%; Dried material is transported in the main body cracker 7 by automatic suction device 4 and vented screw feeding unit 5, by rotating speed is the material-spraying device 6 of 1200r/min high speed rotating, biological particles is controlled at 420-650 ℃, anoxybiotic high temperature reaction zone 16 by temperature at 0.2s-3s in the time fast, carry out scission reaction, make macromolecular chain fractures such as xylogen in the biomass, Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, obtain micromolecular cracked gas; The small molecules cracked gas enters one-level refrigerating unit 8 fast and once cools off in 1s, feed 10-20 ℃ water in the one-level refrigerating unit 8, cracked gas is cooled between 200-240 ℃, and be under high speed whirlwind pump 9 effect of 3000r/min at rotating speed, isolate heavy residual oil and ash content in the cracked gas, and be deposited on ash content and residual oil collection device 12; The cooling after product enters by the normal-temperature water refrigerative B-grade condensation device 11 less than 20 ℃ and carries out the secondary cooling, and condensation separation goes out biomass cracked oil by using, and it is collected in the bio-oil collection device 10; Noncondensing gas does not enter into to feed has temperature to carry out three coolings less than three grades of condensing workss 13 of-10 ℃ of cooling mediums, obtains lower boiling, more high-quality bio-oil through condensation, is collected in the lower boiling oil collection device 14; Condensable gas is not recovered to through incondensable gas conduit 15 and produces the utilization that acts as a fuel of warm stove 2.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation technology of a bio-oil is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) biomass material is ground into the powder particle of particle diameter less than 2mm;
(2) the gained material particles is carried out drying being lower than under 200 ℃ of temperature;
(3) dried material particles is carried out scission reaction under 420-650 ℃ and anoxia condition;
(4) product after the cracking once is cooled to below 240 ℃;
(5) cooled split product is separated, remove ash content and residual oil in the product;
(6) carry out to removing product behind ash content and the residual oil that secondary is cooled to below 30 ℃, biomass collection oil;
(7) the not noncondensing gas that produces in (6) is carried out being cooled to for three times below 5 ℃, collect lower boiling oil;
(8) collect the incondensable gas that produces in (7), recycle.
2. one kind is used for bio-oil preparation technology's device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: form by material-pulverizing device (1), material drying device, feeding unit, main body cracker (7), one-level condensing works (8), Whirl pump (9), B-grade condensation device (11), three grades of condensing workss (13) successively, B-grade condensation device (11) bottom is connected with bio-oil device (10), and three grades of condensing workss (13) bottom is connected with lower boiling oil collection device (14).
3. device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described material-pulverizing device (1) comprises the saw wheel (26) that several are alternately rearranged by saw disc (23) and cooperation dish (24), have gear (27) on the saw wheel (26), gear (27) is driven by motor (22), and saw wheel (26) below is provided with screen cloth (25).
4. device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described material drying device comprises produces warm stove (2) and drying tube (3), produces the outlet that warm stove (2) connects screen cloth (25), and drying tube (3) connects feeding unit.
5. device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described feeding unit comprises automatic suction device (4) and vented screw feeding unit (5), and vented screw feeding unit (5) is driven by motor (17), and its exit end inserts main body cracker (7).
6. device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: be provided with material-spraying device (6) and high temperature reaction zone (16) in the described main body cracker (7) from the bottom to top, high temperature reaction zone (16) is provided with quick response thermocouple assembly (19) and temperature regulator device (18), and main body cracker (7) wall is provided with thermal insulation layer (20).
7. device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: described material-spraying device (6) adopts water screw, is driven by high-speed electric expreess locomotive (21).
8. device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described one-level condensing works (8) connects the outlet of main body cracker (7), have interior water wall (30), (31) two water wall of outer water wall, interior water wall (30) is provided with the import (35) and the outlet (33) of cooling medium passage, and outer water wall (31) is provided with the import (29) and the outlet (32) of cooling medium passage.
9. device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described B-grade condensation device (11) is provided with ash content and residual oil tripping device (48), the export pipeline of one-level condensing works (8) is in the middle of a Whirl pump (9) inserts ash content and residual oil tripping device (48), ash content and residual oil tripping device (48) periphery are provided with a water jacket (36), water jacket (36) is provided with cooling medium import (37) and outlet (40), be provided with several in the water jacket (36) along the equally distributed spiral heat exchange tube of circumference (39), ash content and residual oil tripping device (48) bottom have ash content and residual oil collection device (12).
10. device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described three grades of condensing workss (13) are provided with gas diffluence room (45), the not noncondensing gas conduit (42) of B-grade condensation device (11) inserts in the middle of the gas diffluence room (45), gas diffluence room (45) periphery is provided with a water jacket (46), be provided with several in the water jacket (46) along the equally distributed spiral heat exchange tube of circumference (39), water jacket (46) is provided with the import (43) and the outlet (47) of cooling medium, and the incondensable gas conduit (15) of three grades of condensing workss (13) inserts and produces warm stove (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100506447A CN100500807C (en) | 2006-04-30 | 2006-04-30 | Biomass oil preparing process and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100506447A CN100500807C (en) | 2006-04-30 | 2006-04-30 | Biomass oil preparing process and device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1844317A CN1844317A (en) | 2006-10-11 |
| CN100500807C true CN100500807C (en) | 2009-06-17 |
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| CNB2006100506447A Expired - Fee Related CN100500807C (en) | 2006-04-30 | 2006-04-30 | Biomass oil preparing process and device |
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Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101182420B (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2012-05-23 | 谢新佑 | Method for preparing automobile fuel oil by straw chemical process |
| CN101235302B (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2011-06-15 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for preparing oiltea camellia oil slag liquid biological energy source |
| CN101550347B (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2013-01-09 | 朱复东 | Biomass slurry atomization thermal cracking process and device |
| TW201026837A (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2010-07-16 | Bdi Bio Diesel Internat Ag | Process for obtaining combustibles and fuels, respectively |
| KR100946714B1 (en) * | 2009-05-26 | 2010-03-12 | 한국기계연구원 | Device for manufacturing bio-oil, system for manufacturing bio-oil and method for manufacturing bio-oil using the same |
| CN101899315B (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2012-11-28 | 青岛大学 | Device for preparing bio-oil from biomass through pyrolysis |
| CN102477307A (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2012-05-30 | 勾学军 | Microwave cracking device |
| CN102071042B (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2014-05-07 | 福州大学 | Intelligentized continuous quick microwave cracking device for biomass and waste of biomass |
| CN102205341A (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2011-10-05 | 福州索源智能装备技术开发有限公司 | Intelligentized solid organic waste microwave cracking system and its production technology |
| CN103305251A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-09-18 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for preparing biological oil cooled by mixing tower |
| ES2869342T3 (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2021-10-25 | Renergi Pty Ltd | Apparatus for pyrolysing carbonaceous material |
| CN103666516A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-03-26 | 山东易能生物能源有限公司 | Bio-oil preparation technology |
| CN105482832A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2016-04-13 | 天津格罗普斯新能源科技有限公司 | High-temperature rapid cracking system for energy regeneration of solid organic matters, and working method thereof |
-
2006
- 2006-04-30 CN CNB2006100506447A patent/CN100500807C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN1844317A (en) | 2006-10-11 |
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