CN100492691C - Thermoelectrical conversion battery - Google Patents
Thermoelectrical conversion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN100492691C CN100492691C CNB2007100618201A CN200710061820A CN100492691C CN 100492691 C CN100492691 C CN 100492691C CN B2007100618201 A CNB2007100618201 A CN B2007100618201A CN 200710061820 A CN200710061820 A CN 200710061820A CN 100492691 C CN100492691 C CN 100492691C
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a thermoelectric conversion technology field, specificly relating to a thermoelectric conversion battery, which solves the problem of a low converting rate of the thermoelectric conversion technical and a poor application effect in the existing technology. The thermoelectric conversion battery comprises heating poles for receiving electron, electron emitters and thermoelectric conversion materials between the heating poles and the electron emitters, wherein the emitters and heating poles are metallicl substance, and the thermoelectric conversion materials are made from pyrite. The said thermoelectric conversion battery of the invention can convert various heat energy into electric energy; it has an excellent sensitivity, even changes in the air temperature can make the thermal battery to generate current changes; it is a collection converter of ordinary thermal, so that the heating within 60-100 DEG C can get a very good thermoelectric conversion effect; and iy may use for a long period again and again.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to thermoelectric conversion technology field, be specifically related to a kind of thermoelectrical conversion battery.
Background technology
The used electric rice cooker of people at ordinary times, electromagnetic stove, electric heater etc. all is that current conversion is that heat energy is that people are used.And whether heat energy can be converted to electric energy, also becomes the problem of people's research.The heat energy of solar energy, cogeneration power plant, if the underground heat homenergic can be converted to electric current, its economic worth, social value are very considerable.
The heat of cogeneration power plant generating now is with heat the water heating to be become water vapour, and water vapour is moved steam engine, and steam engine drives generator for electricity generation, and operation is numerous and diverse, has used multiple conversions to change heat into electric energy.And after finishing generating, remove little heat to utilize again, remaining all is wasted.If the heat energy that these are a large amount of also is converted to electric energy, the economic and social benefit that brings to people is very huge.
Thermoelectric generation technology be a kind of realize heat energy and electric energy directly mutually conversion green energy resource, use this technology, utilize crops, rubbish, automotive residual heat even human body heat energy, on dwelling house, farm, automobile, just can set up a small power generation system, satisfy the demand of people low-power energy.At present people the research of thermoelectric generation technology is had related, as the thermoelectric couple method.
The thermoelectric couple method is with two kinds of plain conductors two terminations directly to be coupled together, and forms recycle circuit, allows a contact tip heat, and belongs to fire end, and another contact tip is in cold junction and dispels the heat, and then has electric current to produce in the recycle circuit.But its transfer ratio is low, does not reach practical value at all.But its proof heat can be directly changed into electric current.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is low in order to solve in the prior art thermoelectric generation technology transfer ratio, and the problem of practical application effect difference provides a kind of thermoelectrical conversion battery.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: thermoelectrical conversion battery, comprise and accept adding of electronics thermoae, the emitter of electronics and the thermo-electric converting material that is provided with between the two, emitter, heat very metal material, thermo-electric converting material is that pyrite is made, the course of processing of described thermo-electric converting material is as follows: pyrite dust is broken to 80～100 orders, be soaked in water about 20 days, naturally dry then, powder after drying soaked about 20 days with insulating varnish, be coated with then to be located at and heat between the utmost point and the emitter, dry naturally.Describedly add thermoae metal wire, metal tube, metal cylinder, the metallic plate of can be, emitter can be metal wire, metal tube, metal cylinder, metallic plate.The exposed junction of described thermo-electric converting material is established seal closure, and two charge pipes are set on the seal closure, and charge pipe one end is communicated with thermo-electric converting material, and the other end connects feeder.Establish the enlarged areas device on the described emitter.
Thermoelectric effect is when heating to material, can induce electric current, the phenomenon that current strength increases along with the increase of heat.The material that can induce electric current when heating also is thermo-electric converting material the thermoelectric effect material.Do the two poles of the earth with metal material, the centre couples together two metal materials with thermo-electric converting material, and thermoelectrical conversion battery is made.
Thermoelectrical conversion battery can utilize thermal power transfer such as the waste heat, underground heat of solar energy, cogeneration power plant to be electric energy, and its conversion efficiency depends primarily on the performance of thermo-electric converting material and the two poles of the earth metal material.
Thermoelectrical conversion battery is the one-way heat conduction structure, is earlier a metal electrode to be heated, and then heat is conducted to another metal electrode by thermo-electric converting material by the metal of heating.Because the one-way heat conduction structure makes small hot particle transform to electronics and has produced the electric current of continuous circulation.Because the unilateal conduction structure has played the forward promotion to the thermocurrent in the thermal cell, the oppositely effect that stops.
The conversion effect of thermal cell is relevant with the contact area of the two metal utmost points and thermo-electric converting material, so on the contact-making surface of two metal utmost points and thermo-electric converting material the enlarged areas device is set, mainly is arranged on the emitter.Can add the metal wire with the extremely identical material of this metal, or the contact-making surface of the metal utmost point and thermo-electric converting material is made into rugged male and fomale(M﹠F), also can be being made into accordion structure, go back the available metal line and directly be wrapped in metal and be made into contact-making surface on extremely.Enlarge contact area, make thermoelectric conversion reach optimum efficiency.In case of necessity, all right in parallel or series connection use of thermoelectrical conversion battery as some groups of thermal cells are overlaped, makes heat obtain conversion effect more fully.
To the heating means of thermal cell, can adopt method from outside to inside, also can take method from inside to outside, or take from top to down, from down and on method.Available box-type solar temperature storage device heating also can be adopted as the heating of thermals source such as hot water, will be controlled at the thermal cell temperature inside in the scope of peak value permission separately during heating, generally is controlled at below 100 ℃.Because the structure difference of thermal cell, the method for heating are also different.
Because producing thermocurrent, thermal cell needs the time.Firing rate is slow, and it is also slow that thermocurrent produces.When stopping to heat, along with the disappearance of heat, electric current just fades away.So thermocurrent has certain continuity, can and not make current interruptions because of the stopping suddenly of heating.
Known light can not store, and heat can store, and gets well the restriction that many-sided heat is not grown by the sun.Thermal cell utilizes prospect very extensive at the heat or other heat electrogenesis that do not have also can use under the situation of the sun storage.And the making of thermo-electric converting material of the present invention, technology is simple, does not need to handle through special process, can also realize producing the incorporate thermoelectric effect storage battery of storage.The device such as vaporization wheel, generator of cogeneration power plant can be saved, relevant transmission facilities such as transformer can also be saved.Be actually the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) that simply can realize everywhere.The present invention can effectively utilize solar energy, and abundant solar energy resources can be used thermoelectrical conversion battery widely for people.
Thermoelectric conversion cells of the present invention is designed to the one-way heat conduction structure.Proof by experiment, the one-way flow of heat and the thermocurrent in the thermal cell produce convective motion, the electronics in small hot particle and the motion clashes, in head-on collision, hot particle to the hot electron in the motion with electromagnetic field generation dissection.In the process of head-on collision and cutting magnetic line, heat is converted into new electronics, after new electronics forms, metal electron vacancy as emitter is replenished, emission again replenishes after the emission again after replenishing, and has formed the shuttling movement that emission replenishes, the thermoelectric effect battery just can ceaselessly produce electric current always under the situation of heating like this.
As shown in figure 26; the metal material of emitter is a utmost point of emitting electrons; adding thermoae metal material is a utmost point of accepting electronics; it between the two thermo-electric converting material; when to adding thermoae the heating; heat is transmitted to along the direction shown in the conduction orientation by thermo-electric converting material in the process of metal material of emitter; under the effect of collision and cutting magnetic line; part hot particle begins to be converted to new electronics; new electronics is in the half ripe state; continuing the collision hot electron and cutting electromagnetic field at hot particle that does not also have to transform and semi-matured hot electron, and when arriving the metal material of emitter of emitting electrons, new electronics is maturation thoroughly; and the electronics vacancy of the metallic molecule of launching electronics replenished; metallic molecule as you were launch electronics after, just can obtain the open texture of new electronics, emission replenishes like this; emission replenishes again again; form thermocurrent, heat has been protected the material of emitting electrons, so just can not be to the material generation corrosiveness of emitter.
If allow heat and thermocurrent all when same direction is moved, experimental results show that, also can produce thermocurrent, because the hot electron movement velocity is very fast, the heat movement velocity is very slow, so, hot electron motion with electromagnetic field also with the hot particle generation friction cuttings magnetic line of force, under the effect of collision and cutting magnetic line, hot particle also is converted into electronics, the new electronics that produces is positioned at the metal utmost point of accepting electronics when forming, because heat and the electronics common direction effect that emits, the new electronics that produces can't and be drawn close to the metal polar motion of emitting electrons.The metal utmost point of emitting electrons is never having new electronics under situation about filling up the vacancy after the emitting electrons, will cause metal destroyed, and thermo-electric converting material is also destroyed, and thermoelectric effect also just fades away.
As shown in figure 27, heat begins heating from the metal material of the emitter of emitting electrons, hot particle and hot electron all be from emitter by thermo-electric converting material to the heating polar motion.Because the hot particle movement velocity is slow, the hot electron movement velocity is fast, and hot particle converts hot electron to by the collision cutting magnetic field of speed difference, when hot electron is completed into, and not in emitter metal one side of emitting electrons, but metal one side of accepting electronics.Because under the synergy of hot electron and hot particle electromagnetic field, the electronics that newly converts to may not return with the metal utmost point of accepting electronics to the electronics vacancy of the metal utmost point of emitting electrons and replenish electronics.Metal can produce destruction to metal under the situation that emitting electrons does not but have to replenish always, thermo-electric converting material is also produced destruction.
Experimental data in the subordinate list 1 proves, measures by thermal cell is heated to different temperatures, just can obtain the current strength value of the correspondence that different volumes, different area produced under different temperatures.The thermal cell temperature inside can not unconfinedly increase, more can not be with burning.Because the structure difference of thermal cell, the material difference is to the requirement difference of temperature.
Thermoelectrical conversion battery of the present invention can be converted into electric energy to various heat energy.Its sensitiveness is good, and airborne variations in temperature can make thermal cell produce electric current to change, be a kind of collection converter of common heat, and 60～100 ℃ just can obtain good thermoelectric conversion effect with interior heating, and can prolonged and repeatedly use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 1
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of Fig. 1
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 2
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of Fig. 4
Fig. 6 is the cutaway view of Fig. 4
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 3
Fig. 8 is the vertical view of Fig. 7
Fig. 9 is the cutaway view of Fig. 7
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 4
Figure 11 is the vertical view of Figure 10
Figure 12 is the cutaway view of Figure 10
Figure 13 is the structural representation of inner core in the embodiment 4 described structures
Figure 14 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 5
Figure 15 is the vertical view of Figure 14
Figure 16 is the cutaway view of Figure 14
Figure 17 is a present embodiment duplex schematic diagram
Figure 18 cuts open for the present embodiment duplex and shows schematic diagram
The structural representation of Figure 19 embodiment of the invention 6
Figure 20 is the vertical view of Figure 19
Figure 21 is the cutaway view of Figure 19
Figure 22 is the package assembly schematic diagram of minor comonomer thermoelectrical conversion battery
Figure 23 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention 7
Figure 24 is the vertical view of Figure 23
Figure 25 is the cutaway view of Figure 23
Figure 26 is the schematic diagram of the relative operation with electronics of hot particle
Figure 27 is the schematic diagram that hot particle and electronics move to equidirectional
Among the figure; The 1-emitter, 2-adds thermoae, 3-thermo-electric converting material, 4-seal closure, 5-charge pipe, 6-connector, 7-feeder, 8-insulated tube, 9-hot electron, the new electronics that 10-hot particle, 11-electromagnetic field, 12-are forming, the established new electronics of 13-, 14-metallic molecule
Embodiment
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further, embodiment is used for illustrating that face of the present invention is not that it is imposed any restrictions.
Thermoelectrical conversion battery comprises and accepts adding of electronics thermoae 2, the emitter 1 of electronics and the thermo-electric converting material 3 that is provided with between the two, emitter 1, adds thermoae 2 and is metal material, and the selection of metal material selects for use existing thermoelectric generation technology both can with metal material.For example emitter 1 selects metallic iron, adds thermoae 2 and selects metallic copper.Thermo-electric converting material 3 is made for pyrite, the course of processing of described thermo-electric converting material 3 is as follows: pyrite dust is broken to 80～100 orders, be soaked in water about 20 days, naturally dry then, powder after drying soaked about 20 days with insulating varnish, be coated with then to be located at and heat between the utmost point 2 and the emitter 1, dry naturally.Describedly add thermoae 2 and can be metal wire, metal tube, metal cylinder, metallic plate, emitter 1 can be metal wire, metal tube, metal cylinder, metallic plate.
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, with a wires as emitter 1, emitter 1 adds thermo-electric converting material 3, be wrapped in thermo-electric converting material 3 surface formations with another wires then and add thermoae 2, add thermoae 2 and emitter 1 on pick out joint with connecting line 6, just formed single entry line formula thermal cell, it is the structure that heats from outside to inside, is fit to various common thermoelectricity conversions.
Its manufacturing process is: emitter 1 for iron wire, add thermoae 2 and be copper cash, thermo-electric converting material 3 is made by pyrite, the course of processing of described thermo-electric converting material is as follows: pyrite dust is broken to 80～100 orders, be soaked in water about 20 days, naturally dry then, powder after drying soaked about 20 days with insulating varnish, was coated with then to be located between the heating utmost point and the emitter.
Embodiment 2: shown in Fig. 4,5,6, with a metal tube as an emitter 1, emitter 1 adds thermo-electric converting material 3, be wrapped in thermo-electric converting material 3 surface formations with metal wire then and add thermoae 2, add thermoae 2 and emitter 1 on pick out joint with connecting line 6, just formed single entry pipeline thermal cell, present embodiment has been strengthened heat radiation than embodiment 1, and promotion heat one-way flow, to the effect of improving of thermoelectricity conversion tool, also be the mode that outside in heats, be fit to various common thermoelectricity conversions.The course of processing of thermo-electric converting material is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3: thermoae 2 with metal tube shown in Fig. 7,8,9 as adding, and add thermoae 2 and add thermo-electric converting material 3, form emitter 1 at another root metal tube of thermo-electric converting material 3 surperficial overcoats then, just form single entry tubular type thermal cell.It is a mode of heating from inside to outside, and available hot water heats.Seal closure 4 is established at thermo-electric converting material 3 two ends, and charge pipe 5 is set on the seal closure 4, and charge pipe 5 one ends are communicated with thermo-electric converting material 3, and the other end connects feeder 7.Add thermoae 2 and emitter 1 on pick out joint with connecting line 6.The course of processing of thermo-electric converting material is with embodiment 1.
Can overlap several single entry tubular type thermal cells outside the single entry tubular type thermal cell, form compound tubular type thermal cell.Pick out joint with connecting line on the interior emitter that adds thermoae and outermost of compound tubular type thermal cell.Compound tubular type thermal cell can fully be changed heat, relatively is suitable for the thermoelectricity conversion of cogeneration power plant.
Embodiment 4: shown in Figure 10,11,12,13, metal tube conduct with one one end sealing adds thermoae 2, add thermoae 2 outer winding metal wires and then add thermoelectric transition material 3, metal tube in another root one end sealing of thermo-electric converting material 3 overcoats forms emitter 1 then, has just formed single entry cartridge type thermal cell.Seal closure 4 is established in thermo-electric converting material 3 upper ends, and charge pipe 5 is set on the seal closure 4, and charge pipe 5 one ends are communicated with thermo-electric converting material 3, and the other end connects feeder 7.It also can form duplex, and the thermoelectric conversion effect of present embodiment is very good, and the conversion that can be fit to various heats is used.The course of processing of thermo-electric converting material is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5: shown in Figure 14,15,16,17,18, establish thermo-electric converting material 3 between two metallic plates, a metallic plate is for adding thermoae 2, another metallic plate is an emitter 1, and the thermo-electric converting material periphery is established seal closure, and charge pipe 5 is set on the seal closure 4, charge pipe 5 one ends are communicated with thermo-electric converting material 3, in addition-and end connection feeder 7, just constituted single entry chip thermal cell, can heat from top to down.The course of processing of thermo-electric converting material is with embodiment 1.Also single entry chip thermal cell can be combined as duplex.
Embodiment 6: shown in Figure 19,20,21,22, one is wrapped in metal wire on the insulated tube as emitter 1, metal wire adds thermo-electric converting material 3, and it is thermoae 2 as adding that thermo-electric converting material twines metal wire outward again, constitutes a minor comonomer thermoelectrical conversion battery.The course of processing of thermo-electric converting material is with embodiment 1.With connecting line several minor comonomer thermoelectrical conversion batteries are coupled together, form the high voltage thermoelectrical conversion battery.
Embodiment 7: the folded metal tube is as emitter 1, its overcoat metal cylinder is as adding thermoae 2, emitter 1 and add thermoae 2 between establish thermo-electric converting material 3, seal closure is established in the thermo-electric converting material upper end, charge pipe 5 is set on the seal closure 4, charge pipe 5 one ends are communicated with thermo-electric converting material 3, and the other end connects feeder 7, has just constituted the thermoelectric effect storage battery.The course of processing of thermo-electric converting material is with embodiment 1.Its mode of heating is from outside to inside.Present embodiment is than single thermoelectric effect battery cost height, the also conversion of applicable various heats.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of thermoelectrical conversion battery, it is characterized in that comprising the emitter (1) of accepting adding of electronics thermoae (2), electronics and the thermo-electric converting material (3) that is provided with between the two, emitter (1), add thermoae (2) for metal material, thermo-electric converting material (3) is made for pyrite, the course of processing of described thermo-electric converting material (3) is as follows: pyrite dust is broken to 80～100 orders, be soaked in water about 20 days, naturally dry then, powder after drying soaked about 20 days with insulating varnish, be coated with then to be located at and heat between the utmost point (2) and the emitter (1), dry naturally.
2, thermoelectrical conversion battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that describedly adding thermoae (2) and being metal wire, metal tube, metal cylinder, metallic plate, and emitter (1) is metal wire, metal tube, metal cylinder, metallic plate.
3, thermoelectrical conversion battery according to claim 1, the exposed junction that it is characterized in that described thermo-electric converting material (3) is established seal closure (4), two charge pipes (5) are set on the seal closure (4), and charge pipe (5) one ends are communicated with thermo-electric converting material (3), and the other end connects feeder (7).
4,, it is characterized in that establishing the enlarged areas device on the described emitter (1) according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described thermoelectrical conversion batteries.
5, thermoelectrical conversion battery according to claim 4 is characterized in that described enlarged areas device is the metal wire that is wrapped on the emitter with emitter material of the same race.
6, thermoelectrical conversion battery according to claim 4 is characterized in that described enlarged areas device is the male and fomale(M﹠F) on the emitter.
7, thermoelectrical conversion battery according to claim 4 is characterized in that described enlarged areas device is the folding contact-making surface on the emitter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100618201A CN100492691C (en) | 2007-04-25 | 2007-04-25 | Thermoelectrical conversion battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100618201A CN100492691C (en) | 2007-04-25 | 2007-04-25 | Thermoelectrical conversion battery |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101055914A CN101055914A (en) | 2007-10-17 |
| CN100492691C true CN100492691C (en) | 2009-05-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2007100618201A Expired - Fee Related CN100492691C (en) | 2007-04-25 | 2007-04-25 | Thermoelectrical conversion battery |
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Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102983266B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2016-02-17 | 溧阳市生产力促进中心 | A kind of internal and external electrode is the thermoelectric conversion element of metal wire |
| CN102969440B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2015-12-02 | 溧阳市生产力促进中心 | A kind of internal and external electrode is the thermoelectric conversion element of metal tube |
| CN102983260B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2015-07-15 | 溧阳市生产力促进中心 | Thermoelectric conversion battery with inner electrode of metal tube and outer electrode of meal wire |
| CN102983261B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2015-11-25 | 溧阳市生产力促进中心 | A kind of internal and external electrode is the thermoelectrical conversion battery of one end closed metal pipe |
| CN102969442B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2016-01-20 | 溧阳市生产力促进中心 | A kind of interior electrode is metal tube and the thermoelectric conversion element of dispatch from foreign news agency very metal wire |
| CN102969439B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2015-12-09 | 溧阳市生产力促进中心 | A kind of thermoelectric conversion element |
| CN102983263A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-03-20 | 溧阳市生产力促进中心 | Thermoelectric conversion battery with inner electrode and outer electrode of metal tubes |
| CN102969441B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2015-12-09 | 溧阳市生产力促进中心 | A kind of internal and external electrode is the thermoelectric conversion element of metallic plate |
| CN102983264A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-03-20 | 溧阳市生产力促进中心 | Thermoelectric conversion battery |
| CN102969443B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2015-12-02 | 溧阳市生产力促进中心 | A kind of internal and external electrode is the thermoelectrical conversion battery of metal wire |
| CN102983267B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2015-09-23 | 溧阳市生产力促进中心 | A kind of internal and external electrode is the thermoelectric conversion element of one end closed metal pipe |
| CN102983265B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2015-11-25 | 溧阳市生产力促进中心 | A kind of internal and external electrode is the thermoelectrical conversion battery of metallic plate |
| CN104157781A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-11-19 | 南通明诺机械有限公司 | High-efficient thermoelectric conversion battery |
| CN113345626B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2023-03-21 | 河南科技大学 | One-way heat conduction stranded wire, wire and cable |
| CN114914321B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2024-02-06 | 南通市乐能电力有限公司 | N-type battery piece for photovoltaic panel |
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2007
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Granted publication date: 20090527 Termination date: 20120425 |