Summary of the invention
For overcoming the shortcoming that in the market cigarette testing arrangement function singleness, control are complicated, be not suitable for online detection, the objective of the invention is to fill up the blank of China's multifunctional small-size cigarette quality testing testing arrangement, provide a kind of easy to operate, safeguard simple inspection integrated testing table of cigarette.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
The present invention includes cabinet, display screen, hopper, be installed on the Industrial Control Computer in the cabinet, testing agency and Material collecting box for harvesting, wherein testing agency comprises the rotating disk that its central shaft links to each other with drive unit, on rotating disk, be provided with the identical clamper of a plurality of structures, be distributed on the concentric circumferences of rotating disk, remain static down at rotating disk, fixedly mount respectively with the corresponding position of each clamper and to be used to detect the checkout gear that cigarette props up various physical indexs, the position at every cover checkout gear and pairing clamper place is a station, and each station does not change because of the rotation of clamper with rotating disk; Rotating disk, clamper and each checkout gear are connected with separately action drives parts respectively, are provided with position sensor in the relevant position of each station and the relevant position of action drives parts;
Described Industrial Control Computer disposes the outside input/output interface plate that connects of communication expansion card, I/O expansion card and Industrial Control Computer, links to each other with checkout gear, position sensor, display screen and the drive unit of above-mentioned testing agency respectively.
Length position, circumference position, resistance to suction position, hardness position and weight position that described station can be made up of device for detecting length, circumference checkout gear, resistance to suction checkout gear, hardness checkout gear and Weight detecting device and corresponding clamper respectively; Or comprise each station that above-mentioned any 1~5 set detecting device and corresponding clamper are formed;
Described station comprises by one group in twos of hopper and each checkout gear, circumference-resistance to suction the position that forms the blanking-length position form by hopper and device for detecting length respectively, forms by circumference checkout gear and resistance to suction checkout gear, and hardness-weight position of forming by hardness checkout gear and Weight detecting device, the clamper of blanking-length position is over against the below of blanking shutter, be provided with the hardness shutter between hardness checkout gear and the Weight detecting device, Weight detecting device is provided with the weight shutter; The inlet of the corresponding Material collecting box for harvesting in the below of weight shutter;
Described blanking-length position comprises the device for detecting length corresponding to the hopper bottom, this device for detecting length is one group of length laser micrometer that is oppositely arranged by transmitter and receiver, the top of transmitter and the folder thing position of the corresponding clamper in receiver centre position, be provided with a datum plate in the bottom of clamper, transmitter is fixedly installed on the interior fixed head of cabinet, receiver is installed in the slide rail that can make its slider-crank mechanism that centers on the measured object translation, and this crank block is connected to the output shaft of length motor by eccentric orfice; The controller of length laser micrometer is connected to the communication expansion card of industrial computer by communication cable;
Described circumference-resistance to suction position comprises circumference checkout gear and resistance to suction checkout gear, wherein the circumference checkout gear is installed on the top of rotating disk, it is the circumference laser micrometer that one group of transmitter and receiver are oppositely arranged, its transmitter and receiver all are installed on and can make on the two makes in relative rotation rotating shaft around measured object simultaneously, this rotating shaft top links to each other with the output shaft of circumferential motor by the flute profile band, and the controller of circumference laser micrometer is connected to the communication expansion card of industrial computer by communication cable; Described resistance to suction checkout gear is to be installed on the resistance to suction gas circuit assembly of rotating disk bottom corresponding to this position clamper, this resistance to suction gas circuit assembly is the housing with a upper surface parallel with the rotating disk bottom surface, this enclosure interior is the resistance to suction cavity, and this resistance to suction cavity communicates with the resistance to suction gas circuit; Resistance to suction gas circuit assembly upper surface is a plane parallel with the rotating disk bottom surface, the resistance to suction gage outfit that top has clamper places the sliding sleeve of fixedlying connected with cabinet, the cam slide that the bottom of resistance to suction gage outfit and is installed on resistance to suction gage outfit lifting motor output shaft contacts, be provided with the resistance to suction sensor in the resistance to suction gas circuit, the signal of resistance to suction sensor is connected to the communication expansion card of industrial computer by the resistance to suction sample circuit;
Described hardness-weight position comprises hardness checkout gear and Weight detecting device, wherein the hardness checkout gear comprises hardness laser micrometer, hardness datum level and the pressure applicator that one group of transmitter and receiver are oppositely arranged, wherein pressure applicator is a standard test weight, hang on an end of a nonelastic flexible cord, the other end of this flexible cord is connected with the pressure head that has connecting rod; The output shaft fixed connection of one eccentric wheel and hardness motor, this eccentric axle center arrive the distance of far point greater than the distance of axle center to the flexible cord between pressure head and the weight, and the distance of the flexible cord between pressure head and the weight is arrived in the axle center less than the axle center to the distance of near point; Connecting rod end places the slideway that is installed on the fixed head and between the radiating portion and receiving unit of hardness laser micrometer, a hardness datum level is located at the hardness shutter of clamper bottom; Clamp base is provided with the hardness shutter; Weight detecting device is one to be arranged at the electronic balance of rotating disk bottom, the part of weighing of this electronic balance be one with the interactional hollow guiding bar that has fairlead of weight sensor of electronic balance, fairlead and hardness shutter are positioned on the vertical line, hang the pallet that to swing on the bottom outer wall of hollow guiding bar, be provided with the weight shutter on pallet, the bottom of pallet is a Material collecting box for harvesting; The controller of this hardness laser micrometer and electronic balance are connected to the communication expansion card of industrial computer respectively by communication cable;
Described resistance to suction gas circuit and main gas circuit are parallel to same source of the gas, the first calibration rod and the second calibration rod that is used to calibrate atmospheric pressure value that be provided with also in parallel in the resistance to suction gas circuit;
Described resistance to suction sample circuit comprises data acquisition circuit and holding circuit, wherein data acquisition circuit is: the sampled signal of resistance to suction sensor is connected to the input of one-level operational amplifier through inductance L by the 2nd coupled interface, the output of one-level operational amplifier is connected to the input of two-level operating amplifier again by resistance R 4, the two-level operating amplifier output links to each other with the analog quantity input pin of A/D converter, the digital quantity output pin of this A/D converter links to each other with the central processing unit digital input end, the RXD of central processing unit links to each other with serial port module with the TXD pin, serial port module is connected to the communication expansion card of industrial computer by the 5th interface, the RST pin of central processing unit also links to each other with first watchdog circuit, 1 of operational amplifier, 8 pins be connected to respectively the two ends variable resistance of variable resistance centre cap and positive supply (+12V) be connected, adjust for the one-level operational amplifier carries out zero point; Holding circuit by positive supply (+12V) be connected to the negative input end of comparator by the sliding end of the 4th variable resistance, as the reference voltage point, the output signal of one-level amplifier is connected to the positive input terminal of comparator simultaneously, the output of comparator is connected to the positive pole of diode in the photoelectric coupled circuit, the colelctor electrode of the 1st triode amplifier in the photoelectric coupled circuit is connected to working power, emitter stage is connected to the base stage of the 2nd triode, and the 3rd interface that links to each other with the protective valve terminals is connected between the colelctor electrode of working power and the 2nd triode;
The driver part of described rotating disk and each checkout gear is the speed reduction gearing of charging motor, rotary tray motor, length motor, circumferential motor, hardness motor, resistance to suction gage outfit lifting motor and each motor, be fixedly installed in respectively on the fixed head, corresponding with the action component position of hopper, rotating disk and checkout gear; The gas circuit assembly of the driver part of described clamper for communicating with retaining sleeve gas circuit in the clamper, this gas circuit assembly are located at the rotating disk below, and its bottom is installed on the fixed head of cabinet inside; Described each motor is stepper motor or other adjustable speed motor that has impulse generator and driver; Described deceleration device can be reduction box, synchronous pulley or flute profile synchronous pulley;
Described pulse-generator circuit is one to have the central processing unit of input/output interface, the position detection signal of stepper motor and operating state signal are connected to the CSMOTOR1 and the CS MOTOR2 pin of central processing unit by input interface, the output of central processing unit is respectively pulse ends, direction end and Enable Pin and links to each other with the corresponding terminals of motor through output interface, and the RST of central processing unit and WDOG pin also link to each other with second watchdog circuit.
Described rotating disk and clamper can be the branch body structure, evenly be provided with recess on the excircle of rotating disk, clamper is positioned at by recess fixedlys connected with rotating disk and the other end of the strip shape body that extends to the plane of rotor disc outer radial, retaining sleeve air bag in the clamper communicates with air flue in the strip shape body, and the interior air flue of strip shape body air flue and rotating disk connects.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. simple in structure, locus compactness, high efficiency.Because the present invention adopts the plane rotation layout, on a revolution circumference, each checkout gear is divided into a plurality of measurement zones, sample does not need to finish whole measuring process through several aspects from top to bottom, only need in one plane return to circle and just can finish whole measuring processes; The space compactness, volume is little, the equipment overall dimensions only be external like product 1/2, domestic like product 1/3.
2. detect fast, accurately.The quality testing device that cigarette props up in the prior art is a hierarchy, all measuring finishes needs six layers, with being that cigarette props up and will collide with through five times when the layer to layer transition, changed its physical characteristic during to the bottom, especially influential greatly to the measurement of hardness and resistance to suction, and the present invention carries out on a horizontal plane the measurement that cigarette props up, cigarette props up the change without any physical property, therefore more avoided the interference of many human factors, the measurement that cigarette is propped up is more accurate, has improved accuracy, the promptness of control.
3. but function independent assortment.The present invention is owing to adopt modularized design, for the measurement of five physical parameters of sample, can select arbitrarily, make up according to user's specific requirement, as be combined into two function instrument, three function instrument, four function instrument or five-function instrument; The bound of every index can arbitrarily be set, and whether measurement result is qualified very clear; The printable one-tenth document of measurement data form.
4. the new and high technology height is integrated.The present invention utilizes precise electronic balance, negative pressure liposuction technique and high-precision laser mircrometer gauge to finish under the control of industrial computer to the measurement of cigarette sample weight, resistance to suction, length, circumference and five physical indexs of hardness, is that light harvesting, precision optical machinery, electronics, vacuum, computer, automatic control etc. are the high-tech product of one.
5. powerful, stable performance, fault rate is low.Because the present invention embodies the thought of country about the test stone of cigarette fully in design, measuring process is by the computer Automatic Control, adopt general purpose control software, has very strong software/hardware fault-tolerant function, dependable performance, stable, antijamming capability is strong, is adapted at rugged environment use down relatively on the production line, guarantee the stable of crudy, reduced breakdown rate to greatest extent.
6. easy to operate.The present invention can realize human-computer dialogue---measuring process prompting and bomp, the Automatic Control of testing process comprises functions such as automatic storage, printing, automatic calibration, is convenient to user's operation.
The specific embodiment
Cabinet of the present invention has two parallel datum plates and carries out the connection of four posts, cabinet inside is divided into three layers, the cabinet surface is provided with display screen, hopper is located at the upper strata of cabinet, industrial computer, power supply box and Material collecting box for harvesting 5 are installed on the bottom, testing agency, each checkout gear is installed on the intermediate layer of cabinet, measuring mechanism comprises the rotating disk 7 that its central shaft 6 links to each other with drive unit by holder 8, on rotating disk 7, be provided with three clampers 71 that structure is identical, be distributed on the concentric circumferences of rotating disk 7, on the top of rotating disk 7 and the bottom corresponding to the position of each clamper, by one group in twos of hopper and each checkout gear, form blanking-length position of forming by hopper and device for detecting length respectively, circumference-resistance to suction position of forming by circumference checkout gear and resistance to suction checkout gear, and hardness-weight position of forming by hardness checkout gear and Weight detecting device, the clamper of blanking-length position is over against the below of blanking shutter 11, be provided with hardness shutter 16 between hardness checkout gear and the Weight detecting device, Weight detecting device is provided with the weight shutter; The inlet of the corresponding Material collecting box for harvesting 5 in the below of weight shutter; The described position sensor that the control device holding wire of each shutter is connected to Industrial Control Computer is a photoelectricity coupling position sensor, being respectively applied for the detection blanking has smoke signal, length to have smoke signal, weight to have smoke signal, resistance to suction gage outfit to promote motor signal and rotary tray motor signal, and the holding wire of each photoelectricity coupling position sensor is connected to the industry controller.
The driver part of rotating disk 7 and each checkout gear is the speed reduction gearing of charging motor 51, rotary tray motor 52, length motor 53, circumferential motor 54, hardness motor 55, resistance to suction gage outfit lifting motor 56 and each motor, be fixedly installed in respectively on the fixed head, corresponding with the action component position of hopper, rotating disk 7 and checkout gear; The driver part of clamper 71 for clamper 71 in each retaining sleeve by blanking-length position wrap valve 21, hardness-weight position wraps valve 22 and the gas circuit assembly 10 that valve 23 gas circuits communicate is wrapped in circumference-resistance to suction position, this gas circuit assembly 10 is located at rotating disk 7 belows, and its bottom is installed on the fixed head of cabinet inside; Described each motor is stepper motor or other adjustable speed motor that has impulse generator and driver; Described deceleration device can be reduction box, synchronous pulley or flute profile synchronous pulley; The described valve of respectively wrapping is electrically connected with the I/O interface board;
Blanking-length position comprises a hopper, adopts drum-type, monocline face landing track structure, and sample levels is placed in the groove of cylinder, and the motor-driven cylinder drives sample along the vertical drop of landing track; Device for detecting length corresponding to the hopper bottom, this device for detecting length is one group of length laser micrometer 41 that is oppositely arranged by transmitter and receiver, the top of transmitter and the folder thing position of the corresponding clamper 71 in receiver centre position, be provided with a datum plate in the bottom of clamper 71, transmitter is fixedly installed on the interior fixed head of cabinet, receiver is installed in the slide rail that can make its slider-crank mechanism that centers on the measured object translation, and this crank block is connected to the output shaft of length motor 53 by eccentric orfice; The controller of length laser micrometer 41 is connected to the communication expansion card of industrial computer by communication cable;
Circumference-resistance to suction position comprises circumference checkout gear and resistance to suction checkout gear, wherein the circumference checkout gear is installed on the top of rotating disk 7, it is the circumference laser micrometer 42 that one group of transmitter and receiver are oppositely arranged, its transmitter and receiver all are installed on and can make on the two makes in relative rotation rotating shaft around measured object simultaneously, this rotating shaft top links to each other by the output shaft of flute profile band with circumferential motor 54, and the controller of circumference laser micrometer 42 is connected to the communication expansion card of industrial computer by communication cable; Described resistance to suction checkout gear is to be installed on the resistance to suction gas circuit assembly of rotating disk 7 bottoms corresponding to this position clamper 71, the resistance to suction gage outfit that its top has clamper (71) places the sliding sleeve of fixedlying connected with cabinet, the cam slide that the bottom of resistance to suction gage outfit and is installed on motor output shaft contacts, be provided with resistance to suction sensor 18 in the resistance to suction gas circuit, the signal of resistance to suction sensor 18 is connected to the communication expansion card of industrial computer by the resistance to suction sample circuit;
Hardness-weight position comprises hardness checkout gear and Weight detecting device, wherein the hardness checkout gear comprises hardness laser micrometer 43, hardness datum level 19 and the pressure applicator 14 that one group of transmitter and receiver are oppositely arranged, wherein pressure applicator 14 is a standard test weight, hang on an end of a nonelastic flexible cord, the other end of this flexible cord is connected with the pressure head that has connecting rod; The output shaft fixed connection of one eccentric wheel and hardness motor 54, this eccentric axle center arrive the distance of far point greater than the distance of axle center to the flexible cord between pressure head and the weight, and the distance of the flexible cord between pressure head and the weight is arrived in the axle center less than the axle center to the distance of near point; Connecting rod end places the slideway that is installed on the fixed head and between the radiating portion and receiving unit of hardness laser micrometer, one hardness datum level 19 is located on the hardness shutter 16 of clamper 71 bottoms, the unlatching of this hardness shutter 16 or close by the first angle electromagnetic iron and control; Weight detecting device is one to be arranged at the electronic balance 15 of rotating disk 7 bottoms, the part of weighing of this electronic balance 15 be one with the interactional hollow guiding bar that has fairlead of weight sensor of balance, fairlead and hardness shutter 16 are positioned on the vertical line, hang the pallet that to swing 17 on the bottom outer wall of hollow guiding bar, on pallet 17, be provided with the weight shutter, its unlatching or close by the control of the second angle electromagnetic iron 13, the below of weight shutter is over against Material collecting box for harvesting 5; The controller of this hardness laser micrometer 43 and electronic balance 15 are connected to the communication expansion card of industrial computer respectively by communication cable;
Resistance to suction gas circuit and main gas circuit are parallel to same source of the gas, Hi-pot test rod and the low voltage experiment rod that is used to calibrate atmospheric pressure value that be provided with also in parallel in the resistance to suction gas circuit, between the first calibration rod or the second calibration rod and resistance to suction gas circuit, be respectively equipped with first stop valve and second stop valve carries out full-time automatic calibration, cause the null offset of checkout gear to prevent the humiture variation.
Industrial Control Computer disposes the outside input/output interface plate that connects of communication expansion card, I/O expansion card and Industrial Control Computer, links to each other with drive unit, checkout gear and the display screen of above-mentioned testing agency respectively.
The resistance to suction sample circuit comprises data acquisition circuit and holding circuit, wherein data acquisition circuit is: the sampled signal of resistance to suction sensor 18 is connected to the input of one-level operational amplifier IC1 through inductance L by the 2nd coupled interface P2, the output of one-level operational amplifier IC1 is connected to the input of two-level operating amplifier IC2 again by resistance R 4, two-level operating amplifier IC2 output links to each other with the analog quantity input pin of A/D converter U1, the digital quantity output pin of this A/D converter U1 links to each other with central processing unit U2 digital input end, the RXD of central processing unit U2 links to each other with serial port module U4 with the TXD pin, serial port module U4 is connected to the communication expansion card of industrial computer by the 5th interface P5, and the RST pin of central processor CPU also links to each other with the first watchdog circuit U3; Variable resistance W1 adjusts the zero point of one-level operational amplifier IC1, by positive supply (+12V) connect centre cap, two ends are 1,8 pins of concatenation operation amplifier respectively; Holding circuit by positive supply (+12V) be connected to the negative input end of comparator IC3 by the sliding end of the 4th variable resistance W4, as the reference voltage point, the output signal of one-level amplifier IC1 is connected to the positive input terminal of comparator IC3 simultaneously, the output of comparator IC3 is connected to the positive pole of diode in the photoelectric coupled circuit, the colelctor electrode of the 1st triode amplifier BG1 in the photoelectric coupled circuit is connected to working power, emitter stage is connected to the base stage of the 2nd triode BG2, and the 3rd interface P3 that links to each other with the protective valve terminals is connected between the colelctor electrode of working power and the 2nd triode BG2;
Described pulse-generator circuit is one to have first central processor CPU 1 of input/output interface, the position detection signal of stepper motor and operating state signal are connected to the CS MOTOR1 and the CS MOTOR2 pin of first central processor CPU 1 by input interface CON1, the output pin of first central processor CPU 1 is respectively pulse ends MOTOR PULES, direction end MOROT DIR and Enable Pin MOTOR ENABAL links to each other with the corresponding terminals of motor through output interface CON2, and the RST of first central processor CPU 1 and WDOG pin also link to each other with the second watchdog circuit U5.
The course of work of the present invention is summarized as follows: adopt vertical metering system, rotating disk 7 is under the step-by-step movement of rotary tray motor 52 drives, driving each clamper 71 is rotated, sample falls in the retaining sleeve of blanking-length position from hopper under the driving of charging motor 51, the bottom is spacing by a datum plate, the length laser micrometer 41 of both sides (CCD: video imaging system linear array) send a branch of high-velocity scanning shape collimated light beam, and under the driving of stepping length motor 53 move left and right, sample is scanned, receive and control detection signal and handling by Industrial Control Computer, and export the length that tested cigarette props up sample, finish; Return back to circumference-resistance to suction position, the resistance to suction gage outfit seals up the sample afterbody below and bleeds, adopt the negative pressure liposuction technique, promptly produce the constant flow rate gas of 17.5ml/s by high-precision velocity of sound mouth CFO, measure the resistance to suction value of cigarette and filter stick fast by a high-precision gas pressure sensor, top circumference laser micrometer 42 sends a branch of high-velocity scanning shape collimated light beam, under the driving of stepping circumferential motor 54, sample around one week of sample center steering, receive and control survey signal and handling by Industrial Control Computer, the average diameter of working sample, and calculate the circumference of sample, technical parameters such as out-of-roundness finish; Sample returns back to hardness one weight position, sample one end face contacts with hardness datum level 13, drive a standard test weight (present embodiment adopts 300 grams) by stepping hardness motor 55, carrying out a pressure type measures, even this counterweight is pressed to sample with certain speed and pressure, hardness laser micrometer 43 sends a high-velocity scanning shape collimated light beam simultaneously, measures the diameter of pressing the sample after falling into, measure the parameters such as hardness that calculate sample by GB according to pressing to fall into, measure and finish; Open the hardness shutter 16 of sample below, sample is fallen on the pallet 17 of precise electronic balance and is measured weight, by the output of RS232 interface, measures and finishes; The weight shutter is opened, and sample is fallen in the collecting box, and all of this sample are measured operation and finished.When sample executes a program at a station, when forwarding next station to, a last station continues to carry out the process of measurement of next sample, and so forth, each station time of staying is consistent with the time that the hardness position is measured, and the time of measuring 50 samples is roughly 20 minutes.