CN100462550C - 燃料喷射阀 - Google Patents

燃料喷射阀 Download PDF

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CN100462550C
CN100462550C CNB038258951A CN03825895A CN100462550C CN 100462550 C CN100462550 C CN 100462550C CN B038258951 A CNB038258951 A CN B038258951A CN 03825895 A CN03825895 A CN 03825895A CN 100462550 C CN100462550 C CN 100462550C
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valve seat
jetburner
conical
circular cone
flow passage
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CN1738968A (zh
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福富范久
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F02M51/0675—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the valve body having cylindrical guiding or metering portions, e.g. with fuel passages
    • F02M51/0678—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the valve body having cylindrical guiding or metering portions, e.g. with fuel passages all portions having fuel passages, e.g. flats, grooves, diameter reductions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/162—Means to impart a whirling motion to fuel upstream or near discharging orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/1833—Discharge orifices having changing cross sections, e.g. being divergent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/06—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for preventing coking, e.g. of fuel injector discharge orifices or valve needles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

在本发明的斜向喷射用的燃料喷射阀中，在圆锥流路与喷射口之间形成具有与圆锥流路同轴的圆柱面的中间流路，喷射口与阀座面的圆锥面和中间流路的圆柱面连接，能抑制燃料的流动的滞止的发生并减少碳沉积的附着。在中间流路的圆柱面的下游侧端部，形成沿燃料流动方向直径逐渐减小的尖细圆锥面，与喷射口的直径小的情况相对应。圆锥面的圆锥顶角比阀座面的圆锥顶角小。

Description

燃料喷射阀
技术领域
本发明涉及燃料喷射阀，尤其涉及燃料喷射口相对轴心倾斜的内燃机用的燃料喷射阀。
背景技术
与本发明有关的以往的燃料喷射阀，具有：阀座、排列在阀座上并能卡合脱离的阀体、使阀体作动的作动装置。阀座，具有：形成具有沿燃料流动方向直径逐渐地减小的圆锥面的圆锥流路的阀座面、在圆锥流路的下游侧连通、且有圆柱面的喷射口。阀体，具有大致圆锥形的前端，相对于阀座面可接近或分离地控制向喷射口的燃料的供给。喷射口，为了将由涡旋式喷嘴(回旋体)引起的燃料回旋的能量有效地利用于燃料的雾化，而相对于圆锥流路的轴心倾斜着。(例如参照日本专利特开平10-184496号公报)
但是，在具有这样相对于中心轴心倾斜的喷射口的燃料喷射阀中，在圆锥面与圆柱面之间形成的角度，在喷射口倾斜的一侧变小而该部分的角变得更尖锐，又，在相反侧该角度变大。因此，沿圆锥面流下来的燃料在该尖锐角的下游侧流速减小而发生滞止，成为燃料中的碳沉积附着在与该滞止部对应的燃料流路壁面上的原因。尤其，在相对于燃料喷射阀的中心轴的喷射口的倾斜角度大时就容易发生滞止。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的在于，获得碳沉积少的燃料喷射阀。
为了达到该目的，本发明的燃料喷射阀，包括：阀座，该阀座具有圆锥形的阀座面和喷射口，所述阀座面形成沿燃料流动方向直径逐渐地减小的圆锥流路，所述喷射口在所述圆锥流路的下游侧连通、且包括具有相对于所述圆锥流路的轴心倾斜的轴心的圆柱面；有大致圆锥形的前端、与所述阀座面在接触部接近或分离以控制向所述喷射口的燃料的供给的阀体；以及使所述阀体作动的作动装置，其特征在于，在所述圆锥流路与所述喷射口之间具有中间流路，该中间流路具有与所述圆锥流路同轴的圆柱面，所述喷射口的所述圆柱面的一部分与圆锥形的所述阀座面连接，另一部分与所述中间流路的所述圆柱面连接，因此抑制燃料的流动的滞止的发生。
附图说明
图1是本发明的燃料喷射阀的纵剖视图。
图2是表示本发明的燃料喷射阀的一实施形态的阀体与阀座之间的燃料流路的放大图。
图3是表示本发明的燃料喷射阀的另一实施形态的燃料流路的放大图。
图4是用于说明图3的燃料喷射阀的结构的放大图。
图5是表示图3和图4的燃料喷射阀的喷射口的直径较小时的燃料流路的放大图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，本发明的燃料喷射阀1具有电磁铁装置2，电磁铁装置2，具有：也作为磁性回路的轭铁部分的外壳3、作为磁性回路的固定铁心部分的铁心4、线圈5、利用外壳3的支架部分14可滑动地保持的作为可动铁心部分的衔铁6、对衔铁6进行施力的弹簧13。由于将阀装置7与这样的电磁铁装置2连接而进行阀装置7的开闭动作，故电磁铁装置2是作动装置。阀装置7，具有：与衔铁6连接的阀体8、通过支架部分14与外壳3连接的阀本体9、设置在阀本体9内将回旋运动向燃料的流动赋予的涡旋式喷嘴10、阀体8接近或分离以对喷射口15进行开闭而对燃料的流动进行控制的阀座11、对阀体8的移动进行限制的挡板12。
当在燃料喷射阀的线圈5中通过电流时，在由衔铁6、铁心4、外壳(轭铁)3构成的磁性回路中发生磁通，衔铁6被向铁心4侧吸引，作为与衔铁6一体结构的阀体8从阀座11的阀座面离开而在其间形成间隙。于是，高压的燃料(压力为3MPa)从喷射口15向发动机缸(未图示)内喷射直至在数毫秒后燃烧。这时，从喷射口15所喷射的燃料利用设置在阀座11的上游侧的涡旋式喷嘴10赋予回旋运动能量，在喷射口15内成为螺旋状的液流，在发动机缸内成为圆锥状的喷雾进行喷射。当线圈5停止电流的通电时，磁性回路中的磁通减少，通过将阀体8向闭阀方向推压的压缩弹簧13将阀体8与阀座11之间的间隙闭合，结束燃料喷射。阀体8在阀本体9内滑动，并在开阀状态下，阀体8的凸缘8a与挡板12抵接而停止。
图2是表示图1的燃料喷射阀的阀体与阀座之间的燃料流路的放大图，表示阀体8处于从阀座11离开的开阀位置的状态。在阀座11上，设有具有沿燃料流动方向直径逐渐减小的圆锥面的圆锥流路16的阀座面17，在圆锥流路16的下游侧连通的喷射口15，包括具有相对于圆锥流路16的轴心18倾斜的轴心19的圆柱面20。又，阀体8，具有大致圆锥形的前端，与阀座面17接近或分离地控制向喷射口15的燃料的供给。
阀座11，在圆锥流路16与喷射口15之间还包括具有与圆锥流路16同轴的圆柱面21的中间流路22(即中间流路22的轴心与圆锥流路16的轴心18一致)。由于中间流路22的直径与喷射口15的直径大致相等，故在圆锥流路16与喷射口15之间仅表示一部分，喷射口15，其圆柱面20的一部分(相对阀座面17的角度变化小的一侧)与作为圆锥流路16的圆锥面的阀座面17连接，圆柱面20的另一部分(相对阀座面17的角度变化大的一侧)与中间流路22的圆柱面21连接。因此，形成为阀座面17与喷射口15的圆柱面20之间的角度变化大的部分被刮掉那样的形状。
采用这样的结构，由于在该部分的燃料的流动顺畅而损耗减少、可抑制滞止的发生，故图示那样的碳沉积23的附着少。由于喷射口15的上游侧的周缘的一部分与中间流路22连接、另一部分与阀座面17连接，故与喷射口15的上游侧的全周缘与中间流路22连接、流路弯曲的情况相比、燃料的流动方向变化部分的数目减少，液流的损耗少。另外，中间流路22的效果在斜向喷射用的喷射口的倾斜角为例如30°以上的大的场合是特别有效的。
图3是表示本发明的燃料喷射阀的另一实施形态的燃料流路的放大图，在该燃料喷射阀中，如图4所示，中间流路24具有圆柱面21和与圆柱面21的下游侧端部连接并沿燃料流动方向直径逐渐地减小的尖细圆锥面25，前面已说明的喷射口15的圆柱面20的上端的周缘的一部分与该圆锥面25连接着。中间流路24的圆锥面25的顶角B，作成比阀座面17的圆锥面的顶角A小(B<A)。这样，喷射口15的上端，与作为圆锥流路16的圆锥面的阀座面17、与中间流路24的圆柱面21、与中间流路24的圆锥面25连接，在阀座面17与喷射口15之间成为没有较大角度变化的部分那样的形状。因此，附着的碳沉积23难以附着在流路壁面上，即使附着也很少。
这样的燃料喷射阀，与图2的燃料喷射阀相比、喷射口15的内径较小，作为圆柱流路的中间流路24的下端部，能防止如图5那样将喷射口15的圆柱面20挖去一部分成为加工残缺而形成凹陷部26的不良情况。
将本发明的燃料喷射阀使用于内燃机的效果，使喷射方向相对于燃料喷射阀的安装方向有较大倾斜的场合，也由于能抑制因碳沉积引起的喷射燃料量的降低及喷射燃料的微粒子化的恶化，故即使在发动机的长时间使用后也能维持制造初期的发动机性能。

Claims (3)

1.一种燃料喷射阀，包括：
阀座，该阀座具有圆锥形的阀座面和喷射口，所述阀座面形成沿燃料流动方向直径逐渐减小的圆锥流路，所述喷射口在所述圆锥流路的下游侧连通、且包括具有相对于所述圆锥流路的轴心倾斜的轴心的圆柱面；
有大致圆锥形的前端、与所述阀座面在接触部接近或分离以控制向所述喷射口的燃料的供给的阀体；以及
使所述阀体作动的作动装置，其特征在于，
在所述圆锥流路与所述喷射口之间具有中间流路，该中间流路具有与所述圆锥流路同轴的圆柱面，
所述喷射口的所述圆柱面的一部分与圆锥形的所述阀座面连接，另一部分与所述中间流路的所述圆柱面连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的燃料喷射阀，其特征在于，所述中间流路具有与所述圆柱面的下游侧端部连接、并沿燃料流动方向直径逐渐地减小的尖细圆锥面，所述喷射口的所述圆柱面的又一部分与所述中间流路的所述尖细圆锥面连接。
3.如权利要求2所述的燃料喷射阀，其特征在于，所述中间流路的所述圆锥面的圆锥顶角比所述阀座面的圆锥顶角小。
CNB038258951A 2003-02-04 2003-02-04 燃料喷射阀 Expired - Fee Related CN100462550C (zh)

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US9546633B2 (en) 2012-03-30 2017-01-17 Electro-Motive Diesel, Inc. Nozzle for skewed fuel injection
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WO2019206897A1 (en) * 2018-04-25 2019-10-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injector valve seat assembly including an insert that forms a valve seat

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4467966A (en) * 1979-01-23 1984-08-28 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nurnberg Aktiengesellschaft Fuel-injecting valve for internal combustion engine
JP2000303934A (ja) * 1999-04-19 2000-10-31 Aisan Ind Co Ltd 燃料噴射ノズル
WO2002044550A1 (de) * 2000-11-28 2002-06-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzanlage
JP2002364497A (ja) * 2001-06-05 2002-12-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 燃料噴射装置

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US20060144958A1 (en) 2006-07-06
WO2004070200A1 (ja) 2004-08-19
US7337986B2 (en) 2008-03-04
EP1596059A4 (en) 2009-12-23
CN1738968A (zh) 2006-02-22
JP4097155B2 (ja) 2008-06-11
EP1596059B1 (en) 2013-11-06
EP1596059A1 (en) 2005-11-16
JPWO2004070200A1 (ja) 2006-05-25

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