CN100434458C - Polyester/graphite nano-conductive composite material and its preparation method - Google Patents
Polyester/graphite nano-conductive composite material and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100434458C CN100434458C CNB2006100410020A CN200610041002A CN100434458C CN 100434458 C CN100434458 C CN 100434458C CN B2006100410020 A CNB2006100410020 A CN B2006100410020A CN 200610041002 A CN200610041002 A CN 200610041002A CN 100434458 C CN100434458 C CN 100434458C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a polyester/gypsum nano electrical conductive composite material and its preparation method, belonging to the field of electrical conductive composite material preparation technology. It is formed from main base body polyester, auxiliary base body and gypsum according to the mixing ratio of 100:5-60:2-40. Said invention has lower percolation threshold (3-4%), and when the gypsum content is 4%, its conductivity can be upto 10 to the pwer-6 s/cm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of conducing composite material.
Background technology
Polyester is a kind of polymkeric substance of high comprehensive performance, is widely used in fiber, film and engineering plastics.The PET fiber is with its intensity, Young's modulus height, and rebound resilience is moderate, and is heat-resisting, photostabilization good, and fabric has advantage such as wash and wear and occupies first of world's synthon output, is widely used in producing and various fields in life.PBT with its excellent mechanical property, resistance toheat, processing characteristics, is widely used in fields such as automobile, electronics, electrical equipment as a kind of emerging engineering plastics, and its tempo has surpassed other engineering plastics.But polyester belongs to isolator, and its volume conductance is 10
-16Below the S/cm, antistatic property is relatively poor, is easy to accumulate static charge, brings a lot of inconvenience for production and life.Therefore, improve the important content that polyester electroconductibility becomes polyester modification.The scientific worker does a lot of work at aspects such as plastic-metal coating, the blend of adding conducting particles.Though also can improve the conductivity of polymkeric substance, its conducting medium is Graphite Powder 99, carbon black and metal oxide mostly, but considers from manufacturing cost and safety in utilization, and carbon black is optimal selection.The conductive carbon black particle diameter is little, be easy to reunite, and difficulties in dispersion, and to give polymkeric substance ideal conductivity needs bigger loading level, percolation threshold generally will reach 15～25%, thereby causes the moulding processability and the mechanical property variation of mixture.
According to the literature, the expanded graphite with natural graphite is made through acidifying oxidation and high temperature expansion process has kept the good electroconductibility of natural graphite, and its room-temperature conductivity can reach 10
4S/cm, and it and polynite are similar has a laminate structure, therefore can adopt the method for intercalation and the compound preparation of polymkeric substance to hang down the conducing composite material of diafiltration threshold value.In recent years, use expanded graphite (EG) both at home and abroad, prepared polymkeric substance (as PMMA, PSt, PA6, PE, PP etc.)/EG conductive nano composites as conductive filler material.Though the conducing composite material of preparing has low diafiltration threshold value (being lower than 5%) and higher high conduction performance (can reach 10
-4More than the S/cm), but they all be adopt intercalation polymeric and solution intercalation method, these two kinds of methods are because complex process, and use a large amount of solvents in solution method, reclaim difficulty, these have limited its industrial applications.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of polyester excellent mechanical property, resistance toheat, processing characteristics of both having kept, and can overcome the preparation method of the Nanomter conducting composite polyester/graphite material of its antistatic effect difference again.
The present invention includes following steps:
1) natural flake graphite being joined in the mixed solution of the vitriol oil and concentrated nitric acid and soaked 24 hours, then after washing, drying treatment, is expansion process in 900～1100 ℃ the heating container in temperature, obtains expansion multiple at the expanded graphite more than 100 times;
2) expanded graphite is dispersed in 70% the aqueous ethanolic solution and placed 24 hours, obtained nano graphite flakes in ultrasonic then 4 hours;
3) join after 5～60 parts of 2～30 parts of nano graphite flakes, 100 parts of main substrate polyester, prothetic group body are mixed and to provide shearing force can simultaneously polymkeric substance be heated to melt blending in the equipment more than the fusing point again, promptly obtain conducing composite material.
The present invention can adopt the general-purpose equipment of polymer processing, as twin screw extruder, Banbury mixer etc., utilize heterogeneous Polymer Systems can reduce the principle of conductivity percolation threshold, adding to conductive filler material expanded graphite or nano-graphite with polyester is melt blending in the heterogeneous Polymer Systems that main matrix was constituted, just can prepare and have lower percolation threshold, and have the conducing composite material of static resistance preferably.Technology of the present invention is simple, reasonable, and tooling cost is low, has wide industrial prospect.
The present invention has lower percolation threshold (3～4%), and specific conductivity can reach 10 when content of graphite is 4%
-6S/cm has static resistance preferably.Because the conductive filler material loading level is lower, the present invention has kept the mechanical property and the processing characteristics of the excellence of polyester substantially, is expected to obtain to use widely in fields such as antistatic material, electromagnetic shielding material, microwave absorbing.In addition, through a large amount of evidences: when content of graphite is lower than 3%, be difficult for forming conductive network; When content of graphite surpassed 15%, material mechanical performance of the present invention can descend gradually.
In addition, polyester of the present invention is polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate.
Described prothetic group body is in polyethylene (LDPE, LLDPE, HDPE), polypropylene (PP), maleic anhydride graft polyolefine (PE-g-MAH, PP-g-MAH), polycarbonate (PC), polystyrene (PSt), polymeric amide, the vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) any for the prothetic group body.
In addition, too big as graphite particle size, acidleach is not saturating, can form raw material after the expansion; Too little as graphite particle size, crystallization meeting distortion is difficult to form the high-quality expanded graphite, so the graphite granule degree is 100 μ m～500 μ m in the step 1) of the present invention.
In order to make expanded graphite have higher expanding volume, the mass ratio of the vitriol oil of mixed solution and concentrated nitric acid is 4: 1 in the step 1).
Embodiment
1, preparation expanded graphite:
With granularity is that the natural flake graphite of 100 μ m～500 μ m joins in the mixed solution that mass ratio is 4: 1 the vitriol oil and concentrated nitric acid and soaked 24 hours, then after washing, drying treatment, in being 900-1100 ℃ retort furnace, temperature heats expansion process, obtain expansion multiple at the expanded graphite more than 100 times, stand-by.
2, preparation nano-graphite:
Expanded graphite is dispersed in 70% the aqueous ethanolic solution and placed 24 hours, obtained nano graphite flakes in ultrasonic then 4 hours, stand-by.
3, employing method one preparation conducing composite material:
Joining after 5～60 parts of 2～40 parts of expanded graphites, 100 parts of main substrate polyester, prothetic group body are mixed to provide shearing force can simultaneously polymkeric substance be heated to melt blending in the equipment (as: Haake torque rheometer or twin screw extruder or Banbury mixer) more than the fusing point again, promptly obtains conducing composite material.
Following table is after adopting different expanded graphites, main substrate polyester and prothetic group body melt blending, the experimental data table of the different conducing composite materials that obtain:
| Embodiment | Expanded graphite content (mass parts) | Amount of polyester (mass parts) | Prothetic group body (mass parts) | Volume conductance S/cm |
| 1 | 5.21 | 100 | 25 | 1.2×10 -6 |
| 2 | 7.98 | 100 | 25 | 1.3×10 -6 |
| 3 | 17.0 | 100 | 25 | 1.6×10 -4 |
| 4 | 2 | 100 | 5 | 1.3×10 -16 |
| 5 | 30 | 100 | 5 | 3.2×10 -2 |
| 6 | 2 | 100 | 60 | 1.2×10 -16 |
| 7 | 30 | 100 | 60 | 2.5×10 -3 |
| 8 | 40 | 100 | 60 | 1.5×10 -2 |
In the last table, polyester is polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate; The prothetic group body is any in polyethylene (LDPE, LLDPE, HDPE), polypropylene (PP), maleic anhydride graft polyolefine (PE-g-MAH, PP-g-MAH), polycarbonate (PC), polystyrene (PSt), polymeric amide, the vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA).
4, adopt method two to prepare conducing composite material:
Joining after 5～60 parts of 2～40 parts of nano graphite flakes, 100 parts of main substrate polyester, prothetic group body are mixed to provide shearing force can simultaneously polymkeric substance be heated to melt blending in the equipment (as: Haake torque rheometer or twin screw extruder or Banbury mixer) more than the fusing point again, promptly obtains conducing composite material.
Following table is after adopting different nano graphite flakes, main substrate polyester and prothetic group body melt blending, the experimental data table of the different conducing composite materials that obtain:
| Embodiment | Nano graphite flakes content (mass parts) | Amount of polyester (mass parts) | The prothetic group body and contain in (mass parts) | Volume conductance S/cm |
| 9 | 9.12 | 100 | HDPE(25) | 6.0×10 -6 |
| 10 | 9.12 | 100 | LDPE(25) | 5.1×10 -6 |
| 11 | 9.12 | 100 | PSt(25) | 1.0×10 -5 |
| 12 | 9.12 | 100 | PC (25) | 1.0×10 -6 |
| 13 | 2 | 100 | 5 | 1.3×10 -16 |
| 14 | 2 | 100 | 60 | 1.2×10 -16 |
| 15 | 30 | 100 | 5 | 5.2×10 -2 |
| 16 | 30 | 100 | 60 | 3.0×10 -3 |
| 17 | 40 | 100 | 5 | 7.6×10 -2 |
In the last table, polyester is polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate; The prothetic group body is any in polyethylene (LDPE, LLDPE, HDPE), polypropylene (PP), maleic anhydride graft polyolefine (PE-g-MAH, PP-g-MAH), polycarbonate (PC), polystyrene (PSt), polymeric amide, the vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA).
Claims (4)
1, the preparation method of Nanomter conducting composite polyester/graphite material is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) natural flake graphite being joined in the mixed solution of the vitriol oil and concentrated nitric acid and soaked 24 hours, then after washing, drying treatment, is expansion process in 900～1100 ℃ the heating container in temperature, obtains expansion multiple at the expanded graphite more than 100 times;
2) expanded graphite is dispersed in 70% the aqueous ethanolic solution and placed 24 hours, obtained nano graphite flakes in ultrasonic then 4 hours;
3) join after 5～60 parts of 2～30 parts of nano graphite flakes, 100 parts of main substrate polyester, prothetic group body are mixed and to provide shearing force can simultaneously polymkeric substance be heated to melt blending in the equipment more than the fusing point again, promptly obtain conducing composite material; Described prothetic group body is any in polyethylene, polypropylene, maleic anhydride graft polyolefine, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polymeric amide, the vinyl acetate copolymer.
2,, it is characterized in that polyester is polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate according to the preparation method of the described Nanomter conducting composite polyester/graphite material of claim 1.
3,, it is characterized in that the graphite granule degree is 100 μ m～500 μ m in the step 1) according to the preparation method of the described Nanomter conducting composite polyester/graphite material of claim 1.
4,, it is characterized in that the vitriol oil of mixed solution in the step 1) and the mass ratio of concentrated nitric acid are 4: 1 according to the preparation method of the described Nanomter conducting composite polyester/graphite material of claim 1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006100410020A CN100434458C (en) | 2006-07-12 | 2006-07-12 | Polyester/graphite nano-conductive composite material and its preparation method |
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| CNB2006100410020A CN100434458C (en) | 2006-07-12 | 2006-07-12 | Polyester/graphite nano-conductive composite material and its preparation method |
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| CN100434458C true CN100434458C (en) | 2008-11-19 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101225217B (en) * | 2008-02-03 | 2010-06-16 | 惠州鑫长风电子有限公司 | Material for manufacturing computer fan |
| CN101875718B (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2012-10-17 | 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 | Conductive polyester/graphite oxide composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102276816B (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2012-11-07 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Polyester/graphite composite nanomaterial as well as preparation method and special polycondensation catalyst thereof |
| CA2888865C (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2020-05-12 | Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey | In situ exfoliation method to fabricate a graphene-reinforced polymer matrix composite |
| CN103011694B (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-11-26 | 山东大学 | Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-based composite material capable of sensing stress variation and preparation method thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5055653A (en) * | 1973-09-08 | 1975-05-15 | ||
| US5810914A (en) * | 1996-03-08 | 1998-09-22 | Tosoh Corporation | Flame-retardant engineering plastic composition |
| JP2004124022A (en) * | 2002-10-07 | 2004-04-22 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | Conductive polyester resin composition |
| WO2004071151A2 (en) * | 2003-02-12 | 2004-08-26 | Gesellschaft Fuer Biotechnologische Forschung Mbh (Gbf) | Electrically conductive plastics moulded article |
| CN1617906A (en) * | 2001-11-29 | 2005-05-18 | 溴化合物有限公司 | Fire retarded polymer composition |
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2006
- 2006-07-12 CN CNB2006100410020A patent/CN100434458C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5055653A (en) * | 1973-09-08 | 1975-05-15 | ||
| US5810914A (en) * | 1996-03-08 | 1998-09-22 | Tosoh Corporation | Flame-retardant engineering plastic composition |
| CN1617906A (en) * | 2001-11-29 | 2005-05-18 | 溴化合物有限公司 | Fire retarded polymer composition |
| JP2004124022A (en) * | 2002-10-07 | 2004-04-22 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | Conductive polyester resin composition |
| WO2004071151A2 (en) * | 2003-02-12 | 2004-08-26 | Gesellschaft Fuer Biotechnologische Forschung Mbh (Gbf) | Electrically conductive plastics moulded article |
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