CN100432694C - 无线局域网的动态频率选择和雷达检测 - Google Patents
无线局域网的动态频率选择和雷达检测 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
无线通信***中的接收机检测可能的干扰雷达信号,并且使用动态频率选择来切换至无干扰信道。所述雷达信号的功率电平和信道可被检测到。当检测到超过预定功率电平的雷达信号时,可以调谐接收机直到雷达信号的信道匹配于通信接收机的信道。然后,可以将通信接收机调谐到更高质量的信道,以减轻或避免通信信号和雷达信号之间的干扰。
Description
背景技术
根据欧洲无线通信委员会的决定,工作在5GHz频段的无线局域网(LAN)设备可具备动态频率选择(DFS)能力。当工作在5GHz频段的雷达设备和无线LAN(WLAN)工作在同一频率且都在工作范围内时,两者可以相互干扰。为了保护雷达的工作,WLAN***或器件应该先检测雷达信号,以避免在启动阶段与雷达信道相冲突。此外,由于雷达源可能处于移动中,如机载雷达,因此WLAN应该周期性的重复检验工作信道频率。
动态频率选择的实现要求应该检测到具有至少-52dBm的电平的雷达信号。其次,对检测到的雷达信号的响应应该导致切换到可用的信道。最优的或更优的可用信道应该在整个工作频段内均匀选择。
由于雷达信号特性可能不同于无线LAN的信号特性,因此在实现动态频率选择中,检测雷达信号是问题的关键。典型的雷达信号范围可以是:
信号带宽:0.7MHz到150MHz
脉冲重复率:每秒20-100,000个脉冲
脉冲持续时间:0.05-100us
通信接收机和雷达接收机在包括带宽和时间响应方面是不同的。典型的5GHz无线LAN***如802.11a和HiperLAN-II可以被设计为具有17MHz信号带宽,在受到窄雷达脉冲的干扰时,可能表现出严重的失真。因此,对可能具有不同脉冲信号持续时间的雷达信号,LAN接收机或***很难用于正确的估计雷达信号功率。
附图说明
本领域的技术人员可通过参考附图,来更好的理解本发明的众多优点,附图中:
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的通信***的方框图。
图2是根据本发明的一个实施例的具有雷达检测接收机的通信***的方框图。
图3是根据本发明的一个实施例,用于雷达检测和动态频率选择的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
现在参照图1,讨论根据本发明实施例的通信***的方框图。在一个实施例中,通信***100以包括可通过一个或多个通信链路116-118与一个或多个设备112-114通信的基站110。在一个实施例中,通信链路116-118中的至少一个或多个可以是无线链路,例如蜂窝式电话网络中的射频通信链路,尽管本发明的范围不限定于该方面。设备112-114可以是无线电话、个人数字助理、计算机、寻呼机、便携式音乐播放器或任何可以通过至少一个或多个通信链路116-118与基站110通信的其他设备,尽管本发明的范围不限定于该方面。
在一个实施例中,设备112-114中的至少一个或多个可以是用户易携带的,例如手持设备,并且可由用户在手持时或以其他方式随身携带(例如在衣袋中,附在腰带或皮套上等等)时进行操作。基站110可允许设备112-114和其他设备112-114通信,并且可允许设备112-114通过网络120通信。在一个实施例中,网络120可以是广域网或环球网络如因特网,尽管本发明的范围不限定于该方面。
在一个实施例中,设备112-114中的至少一个或多个可以是电池供电的,其中电池作为工作电源,并且可替代的可以由外部电源如交流或直流电源来直接供电,给电池充电,或给设备提供补充电源,尽管本发明的范围不限定于该方面。在本发明的一个实施例中,通信***100可以包括无线局域网(LAN),无线广域网(WAN)或蜂窝网络,其中蜂窝网络遵从于至少一种或多种蜂窝标准,所述蜂窝标准包括但不限于3GPP、WCDMA、CDMA 2000、GSM-GPRS、GSM-EGPRS、IEEE标准802.11a、802.11b等等,尽管本发明的范围不限定于该方面。在不脱离本发明的范围以及不作实质性改变的情况下,也可利用其他无线标准。
在本发明的一个实施例中,雷达源122可以发射可能干扰基站110和设备112-114工作的雷达信号124。例如,基站110和设备112-114可以工作在5GHz频段,以致于雷达信号124可以干扰无线通信链路116-118上的信号,反之亦然。在这个实施例中,基站110和设备112-114可以根据本发明的一个实施例,利用雷达检测和动态频率选择来减轻、减少或消除这种干扰。可包含本发明实施例的无线LAN***的例子可以包括遵从于IEEE 802.11a标准或HiperLAN-II标准的***,尽管本发明的范围不限定于该方面。基站110和设备112-114可以包括如图2中所示的以及和图2相关所描述的接收机,该接收机实现了雷达检测和动态频率选择的实施例。
现在参照图2,讨论根据本发明实施例的通信***的方框图。在接收机200的图中,接收机输入级单元210可以是如具有约675MHz的较宽带宽的5GHz接收机输入级210。接收机输入级还可以被称为前端,并且可包括一个或多个滤波器,尽管本发明的范围不限定于该方面。接收机200可用于图1所示的通信***100中的基站110和设备112-114。通信接收机212可以是无线LAN接收机,并且例如可以具有用于直接变换(directconversion)体系结构的8.5MHz带宽,或者可替代地具有用于双变换(double conversion)体系结构的17MHz带宽,尽管本发明的范围不限定于该方面。信号可以经过下变频器226、滤波器228、自动增益控制(AGC)放大器230、滤波器232、AGC放大器234、模数(A/D)转换器236以及RSSI/SNR单元238而经过通信接收机212。
雷达接收机214可被安排用于检测雷达信号。雷达信号可以经过输入级单元210,然后到达峰值检测器216。峰值检测器216的输出可以是雷达脉冲包络,或视频信号。接着,雷达脉冲可传到视频放大器218,其中视频放大器218是可编程的以匹配于雷达接收机链式增益的要求。脉冲延迟单元可被用来将通信接收机212的延迟时间补偿到雷达脉冲的延迟时间,尽管本发明的范围不限定于该方面。在一个实施例中,脉冲延迟单元220是可编程的以匹配于通信接收机212的延迟。雷达脉冲接着被馈送到比较器222,其中比较器222把雷达脉冲信号和来自于参考信号单元224的参考信号相比较。在一个实施例中,由参考信号单元224提供的参考信号的电平是可编程的,以调整比较器222的阈值,以使得只有当天线226处的雷达输入信号电平超过-52dBm时,比较器222才有输出。从而,比较器222的高输出可以是雷达功率指示,表明雷达信号的功率电平等于或大于-52dBm,尽管本发明的范围不限定于该方面。也可计算雷达信号的重复率来表征雷达信号。
在一个实施例中,接收机输入级单元210可以是宽带的,在这种情况下,雷达接收机214只能检测到现有雷达的存在以及雷达信号的功率电平,但是却不能容易的识别关于雷达信道的信息。经过通信接收机212的雷达信号可能失真。因此,由于通信接收机212的窄带宽,以及由于雷达信号的脉冲持续时间和自动增益控制(AGC)放大器234的输出电平之间没有确定关系,所以使用通信接收机212来检测功率电平是不实际的。然而,模数(A/D)转换器236之前的雷达信号的脉冲形状仍然可以保持正确的时间关系,所述正确时间关系可用来判定雷达信号的雷达信道,尽管本发明的范围不限定于该方面。
视频检测器240、脉冲整形单元242以及AND(与)门244可执行雷达信道判定的操作。雷达脉冲经过AGC放大器234传到视频检测器240,接着可以馈送到脉冲整形单元242。脉冲整形单元242的输出可以是雷达脉冲的拷贝,所述拷贝接着被传到AND门244。如果A点和B点的信号都是高,则C点AND门244的输出也是高,指出雷达信道和通信接收机信道是同一信道或至少相互干扰。当通过扫描来调整通信接收机的本地振荡器(LO)频率直到比较器222和AND门244的输出都是高时,可检测到电平大于-52dBm的雷达信号,并且通信接收机212的信道就是雷达信道。因此,通过调谐通信接收机212的信道可以判定雷达信道,尽管本发明的范围不限定于该方面。可以基于RSSI/SNR单元238的接收机信号强度指示(RSSI)或信噪比(SNR)的测量,选择最优的或更优的信道,尽管本发明的范围不限定于该方面。
比较器222的输出可指示雷达信号强度大于或等于-52dBm。当AND门244的输出为高时,可指示雷达信道,在这种情况下雷达信道与通信接收机212的信道可以是同一信道。RSSI/SNR单元238可指示信道信号质量,以便可以选择更高质量的替换信道。在本发明的一个实施例中,接收机200的体系结构可以为5GHz无线LAN提供动态频率选择而不需要通信接收机212改变带宽,也不需要改变A/D转换器236的取样速率。
现在参照图3,讨论根据本发明实施例的用于雷达检测和动态频率选择的方法的流程图。在方框310,方法300起始于接收机200收到雷达信号。在方框312,比较接收到的雷达信号和参考信号。在方框314,判决雷达信号的功率是否等于或大于如-52dBm的预定阈值电平。如果雷达信号的功率被判定为等于或大于预定电平,则在方框316,通信接收机212扫描其信道直到通信接收机212的信道匹配于雷达信号的信道,这时,可以在方框318判定雷达信号的信道。在方框320,判定至少一个或多个信道的质量。接着,在方框322,调谐通信接收机212到更高质量的信道。
尽管对本发明已经进行了相当具体的描述,但是应该认识到,本领域的技术人员可以对其中的要素进行变更而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。应该相信,通过前面的描述,可以理解本发明的无线LAN的动态频率选择和雷达检测以及许多的附带优点,并且很清楚,可以对其中组件的形式、构造和安排作出不同的改变而不脱离本发明的精神和范围或不牺牲其所有的实质性的优点,并且由于上文所描述的形式仅仅是说明性的实施例,因此也不会带来实质性的改变。权利要求书意在涵盖和包括这样的改变。
Claims (29)
1.一种装置,包括:
通信接收机,所述通信接收机包括下变频器和接收机信号强度指示单元;以及
雷达接收机,所述雷达接收机包括峰值检测器和比较器,所述比较器用来比较从所述装置的前端经过所述峰值检测器传到所述比较器的雷达信号与参考信号,以检测具有预定功率电平的雷达信号,并且所述接收机信号强度指示单元指示所述通信接收机的信道质量,当检测到具有预定功率电平的所述雷达信号时,所述通信接收机选择具有更高质量的信道。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置,所述雷达接收机包括脉冲延迟单元,用来提供从所述峰值检测器传到所述比较器的经延迟的所述雷达信号。
3.如权利要求1所述的装置,所述雷达接收机包括脉冲延迟单元,用来提供从所述峰值检测器传到所述比较器的经延迟的所述雷达信号,所述脉冲延迟单元给所述雷达信号提供延迟以匹配于所述通信接收机的延迟。
4.如权利要求1所述的装置,所述雷达接收机包括脉冲延迟单元,用来提供从所述峰值检测器传到所述比较器的经延迟的所述雷达信号,所述脉冲延迟单元是可编程的,用来给所述雷达信号提供延迟以匹配于所述通信接收机的延迟。
5.如权利要求1所述的装置,所述通信接收机具有5GHz的带宽。
6.如权利要求1所述的装置,还包括宽带接收机输入级,用来耦合到所述通信接收机和所述雷达接收机。
7.如权利要求1所述的装置,还包括宽带接收机输入级,用来耦合到所述通信接收机和所述雷达接收机,所述宽带接收机输入级具有675MHz的带宽。
8.如权利要求1所述的装置,所述通信接收机具有用于直接变换的8.5MHz带宽。
9.如权利要求1所述的装置,所述通信接收机具有用于双变换的17MHz带宽。
10.如权利要求1所述的装置,所述雷达信号的所述预定功率电平为-52dBm。
11.如权利要求1所述的装置,所述通信接收机和所述雷达接收机被放置在单个集成电路中。
12.如权利要求1所述的装置,所述通信接收机和所述雷达接收机被放置在分立的集成电路中。
13.如权利要求1所述的装置,所述雷达接收机还包括视频检测器、脉冲整形器以及与门,所述与门用来接收经过所述通信接收机、视频检测器以及脉冲整形器的雷达信号,所述与门还用来指示所述雷达信号信道的信道和由所述下变频器选择的所述通信接收机的信道是同一信道。
14.一种装置,包括:
无线局域网设备,所述无线局域网设备工作在2GHz到5GHz的频率;以及
放置在所述无线局域网设备中的动态频率选择接收机,所述动态频率选择接收机包括:
接收机输入级;
通信接收机,所述通信接收机包括下变频器和接收机信号强度指示单元;以及
耦合到所述接收机输入级的雷达接收机,所述雷达接收机包括峰值检测器和比较器,所述比较器用来比较从接收机输入级经过所述峰值检测器传到所述比较器的雷达信号与参考信号,以检测具有预定功率电平的雷达信号,所述雷达接收机还包括视频检测器,脉冲整形器,并且所述接收机信号强度指示单元指示所述通信接收机的信道质量,当检测到具有预定功率电平的所述雷达信号时,所述通信接收机选择具有更高质量的信道。
15.如权利要求14所述的装置,所述雷达接收机包括脉冲延迟单元,用来提供从所述峰值检测器传到所述比较器的经延迟的所述雷达信号。
16.如权利要求14所述的装置,所述雷达接收机包括脉冲延迟单元,用来提供从所述峰值检测器传到所述比较器的经延迟的所述雷达信号,所述脉冲延迟单元给所述雷达信号提供延迟以匹配于所述通信接收机的延迟。
17.如权利要求14所述的装置,所述雷达接收机包括脉冲延迟单元,用来提供从所述峰值检测器传到所述比较器的经延迟的所述雷达信号,所述脉冲延迟单元是可编程的,用来给所述雷达信号提供延迟以匹配于所述通信接收机的延迟。
18.如权利要求14所述的装置,所述雷达接收机还包括与门,所述与门用来接收经过所述通信接收机、视频检测器以及脉冲整形器的雷达信号,所述与门还用来指示所述雷达信号信道的信道和由所述下变频器选择的所述通信接收机的信道是同一信道。
19.一种方法,包括:
通过比较雷达信号的电平和参考电平,来判定所述雷达信号的功率电平何时大于预定的功率电平,以检测雷达信号的存在;
通过扫描通信接收机的信道,直到所述通信接收机的所述信道匹配于所述雷达信号的信道,来判定所述雷达信号的信道;以及
切换所述通信接收机的所述信道到另一个信道。
20.如权利要求19所述的方法,所述切换的步骤包括通过选择具有更高信噪比的信道,来选择信道以替代所判定的雷达信号信道。
21.如权利要求19所述的方法,所述检测雷达信号的存在的步骤包括检测何时所述雷达信号具有大于-52dBm的功率电平。
22.如权利要求19所述的方法,所述检测步骤包括在进行所述比较之前,检测所述雷达信号的峰值。
23.如权利要求19所述的方法,所述检测步骤包括在进行所述比较之前,以预定的延迟来延迟所述雷达信号。
24.如权利要求19所述的方法,所述检测步骤包括在进行所述比较之前,以预定的延迟来延迟所述雷达信号,所述预定延迟匹配于所述通信接收机的延迟。
25.一种装置,包括:
用来接收通信信号的无线局域网接收机;
用来检测雷达信号的雷达接收机;以及
信道选择器,用来在所述雷达接收机检测到雷达信号时,切换所述无线局域网接收机到更高质量的信道。
26.如权利要求25所述的装置,还包括宽带接收机前端,用来给所述无线局域网接收机和所述雷达接收机提供宽带信号。
27.如权利要求25所述的装置,还包括雷达功率检测器,用来在雷达信号的功率电平至少为预定值时,检测所述雷达信号的功率电平。
28.如权利要求25所述的装置,还包括雷达信道检测器,用来检测所述雷达信号的信道。
29.如权利要求25所述的装置,还包括雷达功率检测器,用来在雷达信号的功率电平至少为预定值时,检测所述雷达信号的功率电平,所述装置还包括雷达信道检测器,用来检测所述雷达信号的信道。
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US10/223,251 | 2002-08-19 | ||
US10/223,251 US7155230B2 (en) | 2002-08-19 | 2002-08-19 | Dynamic frequency selection and radar detection with a wireless LAN |
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US (1) | US7155230B2 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP1530834B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100432694C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003263956A1 (zh) |
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EP2495881A3 (en) | 2012-09-12 |
US20040033789A1 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
WO2004017536A3 (en) | 2004-11-25 |
HK1074285A1 (en) | 2005-11-04 |
US7155230B2 (en) | 2006-12-26 |
CN1639584A (zh) | 2005-07-13 |
WO2004017536A2 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
EP1530834B1 (en) | 2012-06-06 |
EP1530834A2 (en) | 2005-05-18 |
EP2495881A2 (en) | 2012-09-05 |
EP2495881B1 (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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AU2003263956A1 (en) | 2004-03-03 |
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