CN100419834C - 显示装置以及显示方法 - Google Patents

显示装置以及显示方法 Download PDF

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CN100419834C
CN100419834C CNB2004100458660A CN200410045866A CN100419834C CN 100419834 C CN100419834 C CN 100419834C CN B2004100458660 A CNB2004100458660 A CN B2004100458660A CN 200410045866 A CN200410045866 A CN 200410045866A CN 100419834 C CN100419834 C CN 100419834C
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三浦弘纲
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Abstract

一种显示装置，由包括多个驱动电路、和通过该驱动电路驱动而发光的发光体的象素多个排列配置而构成，各象素包括校正电路，其采用与该发光体相同种类的材料构成的光接收体检测发光体的光量，同时根据该检测结果向驱动电路施加反馈。这样，在让多个发光体发光而显示图像的情况下，可以高精度降低各发光体的亮度的无序差异，提高图像的品质。

Description

显示装置以及显示方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种显示装置及其方法。
背景技术
众所周知，有机EL显示装置有望成为下一代的显示装置，其研究开发很是盛行。这种有机EL显示装置，作为构成各象素的发光体，采用有机EL材料，作为该有机EL材料的驱动方式一般采用有源矩阵方式。
在把这种有机EL显示装置制作成大画面时，担心会在构成各象素的发光体上产生亮度的无序差异而降低图像质量。例如，在大型彩色有机EL显示装置中，对于显示整体由于不仅产生亮斑，而且还有色彩斑，因此减少发光体亮度的离散，在实现有机EL显示装置的大画面化方面，是必须要解决的重要课题。
在该种显示装置的技术领域，对于减少各发光体的亮度离散的技术，有例如特开平5-94150号公报。在该技术中，如图1所示，附加设置光电二极管26(肖特基二极管)，通过由该光电二极管26对信号保持用电容器23进行附加充电，进行EL发光控制用TFT22的校正控制，即校正EL元件24的发光，由此抑制面板内的亮度离散。
但是，在这种技术中的光电二极管26是由半导体材料构成的肖特基二极管，其光接收特性显然与EL元件的发光特性不同。所存在的问题是，由于这种在光接收特性与发光特性之间的差异，而不能正确校正EL元件24的发光。
专利文献1：特开平5-94150号公报。
发明内容
本发明正是针对上述情况的发明，其目的在于让多个发光体发光而显示图像时，可以高精度降低各发光体的亮度离散，由此提高图像质量。
为了达到上述目的，本发明的显示装置，由多个象素排列配置而构成，该象素由给定的驱动电路、和通过该驱动电路的驱动而发光的发光体所构成，各象素包括校正电路，其由电阻器、和电阻值可根据所接收的光量改变的光接收体串联构成，并与驱动电路一构成要素的数据电压保持用电容器并联连接；所述光接收体具有与该发光体的发光特性相似的光接收特性，按照使得只接收由所述发光体发出的光量而遮蔽外光的状态下形成在玻璃基板上。
本发明的显示方法，通过分别单独驱动与多个排列配置的象素对应设置的发光体而显示图像，采用与该发光体相同种类的材料构成的光接收体分别检测发光体的光量，根据该检测结果向驱动电路施加反馈。
依据这样的方式，由于采用与该发光体相同种类的材料构成的光接收体分别检测发光体的光量并且根据该检测结果向驱动电路施加反馈，即由于根据具有与发光体的发光特性相似的光接收特性的光接收体的光接收结果，对发光体的驱动施加反馈，可以让多个排列配置的各象素的发光亮度比现有技术精度更加优良进行均匀化。
当采用有机EL材料形成发光体，即采用由有机EL材料作为图像显示的追加构成时，即使在采用这种有机EL材料的象素显示中，也可以让各发光体的发光亮度均匀化。
当将象素排列配置成二维而显示图像时，可以让二维的各发光体的发光亮度均匀化。
当进行彩色表示时，不仅可以让发光亮度均匀化，而且可以抑制色彩斑。
进一步，通过喷墨方式的液滴喷出装置喷射到到基板上而形成这些发光体与光接收体。这样，在不追加复杂的工序的情况下可以比较简单形成反馈电路，同时可以抵消成为发光斑点的喷墨的喷出无序差异，而使光量稳定。
附图说明
图1表示有关本发明一实施方式的有机EL显示装置的主要部分(像素)电结构的电路图。
图2表示有关本发明一实施方式的光接收用有机EL元件6的光接收特性图。
图中：1-第一晶体管，2-电容器(数据电压保持用电容器)，3-第二晶体管，4-第一电阻器，5-发光用有机EL元件，6-光接收用有机EL元件，7-第二电阻器，D-驱动电路，H-校正电路。
具体实施方式
以下参照附图对本发明一实施方式进行说明。本实施方式是关于将本发明适用于有机EL显示装置的情况。
图1表示本有机EL显示装置的主要部分(象素)的电结构的电路图。在该图中，符号1为第一晶体管，2为电容器(数据电压保持用电容器)，3为第二晶体管，4为第一电阻器，5为发光用有机EL元件，6为光接收用有机EL元件(光接收体)，7为第二电阻器。这些各构成要素中，光接收用有机EL元件6以及第2电阻器7构成校正电路H，第一晶体管1、电容器2、第二晶体管3以及第一电阻器4构成驱动电路D。
这些各构成要素构成本有机EL显示装置的1象素。本有机EL显示装置，将这种象素在横向(水平操作方向)与纵向(垂直扫描方向)上进行二维规则排列配置。本有机EL显示装置为了显示彩色图像，由相互相邻的3象素构成一个彩色象素。即，这3象素选定不同种类的发光用有机EL元件5，以便分别发出光的3基色中的任一色。
第一晶体管1，分别将栅极端子与扫描线，源极端子与信号线，漏极端子与电容器2的一端、第二晶体管3的栅极端子以及光接收用有机EL元件6的一端连接。电容器2，其一端与第一晶体管1的漏极端子、第二晶体管3的栅极端子以及光接收用有机EL元件6的一端共同连接，同时另一端连接到电源线上。第二晶体管3、栅极端子与第一晶体管1的漏极端子、电容器2的一端以及光接收用有机EL元件6的一端共同连接，同时源极端子与第一电阻器4的一端连接，漏极端子与电源线连接。
第一电阻器4，其一端连接到上述第二晶体管3的源极端子上，同时另一端连接到发光用有机EL元件5的一端上。发光用有机EL元件5，具有作为光电二极管的性能，一端与上述第一电阻器4的另一端相连接，同时另一端接地。光接收用有机EL元件6，具有作为光电二极管的性能，一端与上述第一晶体管1的漏极端子、第二晶体管3的栅极端子以及电容器2的一端共同连接，同时另一端与第二电阻器7的一端连接。第二电阻器7，一端与上述光接收用有机EL元件6的另一端相连接，同时另一端与电源线相连接。由该光接收用有机EL元件6与第2电阻器组成的串联电路构成校正电路H。
扫描线以及信号线与没有图示的驱动用集成电路的输出端相连接，根据应显示的图像，由驱动用集成电路施加给定的驱动电压。该种驱动用集成电路、扫描线、信号线、电源线以及上述各构成要素，通过采用光刻法、喷墨法等在玻璃基板上形成。
例如第一晶体管1、电容器2、第二晶体管3、第一电阻器4、第二电阻器7以及驱动用集成电路等，是依靠光刻法，在玻璃基板上形成的，另一方面，扫描线、信号线以及电源线，通过采用喷墨法在玻璃基板上喷出液态的导电材料、或者有机EL材料而形成。
还有，发光用有机EL元件5以及光接收用有机EL元件6，通过一并采用光刻法与喷墨法在玻璃基板上被形成。即，发光用有机EL元件5以及光接收用有机EL元件6，在采用光刻法或喷墨法于玻璃板上形成的透明电极(阳极)上，采用喷墨法喷出液态的有机EL材料，在固化后的有机EL材料上进一步形成由金属构成的阴极等。
在该种发光用有机EL元件5以及光接收用有机EL元件6的形成中，形成2个相邻的包围玻璃基板上的给定区域的围堰。该2个围堰，一方用于发光用有机EL元件，另一方用于光接收用有机EL元件，发光用有机EL元件所用的围堰，相对于光接收用有机EL元件所用的围堰，占有充分大的区间，几乎占尽像素区域。因此，发光用有机EL元件所用的围堰，形成象素区域中较小的区域。
接着，在该2个围堰内，采用光刻法或者喷墨法，附上透明电极材料，形成薄膜的透明电极。
然后，在各围堰内的透明电极上采用喷墨法，作为同一喷涂工序喷附上有机EL材料。即，在2个围堰内，喷涂上完全同一构成的有机EL材料形成一层。接着在各围堰内的固化有机EL材料上，采用喷墨法，通过喷附上由金属微粒子构成的阴极材料形成阴极。
上述发光用有机EL元件5在玻璃基板上形成，可以通过玻璃基板将自身发出的光射出到外部，而光接收用有机EL元件6按照只接收发光用有机EL元件5所发出的光而遮蔽外光的状态下在玻璃基板上形成。即，各像素中的光接收用有机EL元件6，构成为只接收自身像素内的发光用有机EL元件5发出的光。
下面，就这种构成的本有机EL元件显示装置的动作，参照图2详细进行说明。
当由驱动集成电路对扫描线一段时间施加选择电压时，第一晶体管1仅在一定时间范围内处于导通状态，源极端子与漏极端子短路。该结果为由驱动集成电路施加到信号线的数据电压，施加到电容器2的一端上，该电容器2用数据电压进行充电，第一晶体管1回归到截止状态保持电压。即第一晶体管1的漏极端子的电压(即第二晶体管3的栅极端子的电压)，通过由电容器2保持数据电压而成为数据电压。
当象这样在第二晶体管3的栅极端子上施加相当于数据电压的电压时，第二晶体管3变为激活状态，作为由栅极端子电压控制的低电流源起作用。也就是从第二晶体管3漏极端子开始，流向源极端子的电流变为与栅极端子电压相对应的值(发光驱动电流)。其结果，由于在发光用有机EL元件5中通过第一电阻器4流动的上述发光驱动电流，发光用有机EL元件5以对应于该发光驱动电流的光量进行发光。
以上是本有机EL元件显示装置的发光动作的详细说明，另一方面，与上述发光用有机EL元件5在同一象素内形成的光接收用有机EL元件6，接收发光用有机EL元件5发出的光。于是在光接收用有机EL元件6的端子间流动的电流大小为光接收量也就是发光用有机EL元件5的发光量的值。
图2为表示光接收用有机EL元件6的光接收特性图。如图所示，当光接收特性成“S”型，具有端子间电流相对于光接收量大致直线变化的区域(直线区域)。即，ia～ib范围内的端子间电流与pa～pb范围内的光接收量大致成比例关系。因此，在该直线区域，光接收用有机EL元件6端子间电流依据光接收量成直线变化。
构成该光接收用有机EL元件6的有机EL材料，与构成上述发光用有机EL元件5的有机EL材料为同一材料。因此，光接收用有机EL元件6的上述光接收特性，与发光用有机EL元件5的发光特性极为相似。
具有这样的光接收特性的光接收用有机EL元件6，在与第二电阻器7串联连接的状态下，与电容器2并联连接。换言之，电容器2的电荷，通过光接收用有机EL元件6与第二电阻器7的串联电路，处于可能漏电的状态。而且该漏泄电流，作为上述光接收用有机EL元件6的端子间流动电流来规定。
为了从上述光接收特性上更容易理解，当光接收量变大时，即当发光用有机EL元件5的发光量变大时，因为光接收用有机EL元件6的端子间电流也就是漏电流变大，电容器2端子间电压会变低。其结果，产生第二晶体管3的栅极端子电压上升，成为更接近电源线的电压(电源电压)的值，所以发光用有机EL元件5的发光驱动电流可以反馈控制成更小的值。
即，通过根据具有与发光用有机EL元件5的发光特性极高相似性的光接收特性的光接收用有机EL元件6的光接收量，反馈到第二晶体管3上，对发光用有机EL元件5的发光量进行校正，以便达到预定的精度极好的规定值。在本有机EL显示装置中，由于对所有象素设置校正电路H，所以能够抑制象素间的发光亮度的无序差异，能够使亮度斑、色彩斑比现有技术精度更加良好地减低。
另外，本发明并不限定于上述实施方式，例如可以进行以下的变形。
(1)在本有机EL显示装置中，虽然按照只接收发光用有机EL元件5发出的光那样构成光接收用有机EL元件6，也可以在此基础上或者作为一种替代，可以按照接收外光那样构成光接收用有机EL元件6。
例如在按照只接收外光那样构成光接收用有机EL元件6的情况，可以根据外观的强度，即有机EL显示装置周围的亮度控制画面整体的亮度。另一方面，在按照接收发光用有机EL元件5的发光和外光那样构成光接收用有机EL元件6的情况，可以降低发光用有机EL元件5的发光量的无序差异，同时可以根据周围的亮度控制画面全体的亮度。
(2)上述实施方式虽然是关于有机EL显示装置的，但本发明并不限定于此。也可以适用于采用有机EL材料以外的其它发光材料的显示装置。
(3)上述实施方式虽然是关于将像素配置成二维的有机EL显示装置的，但本发明并不限定于此。也可以适用于将像素配置成一维的显示装置，像素的配置并不限定于二维配置。
(4)进一步，上述实施方式虽然是关于进行彩色显示的有机EL显示装置的，但本发明并不限定于此。也可以适用于进行黑白显示的显示装置。
(发明的效果)
如上所述，依据本发明，由于分别检测各像素内的发光体的光量，并根据该检测结果反馈到发光体的驱动中，对于让多个发光体发光而显示图像的情况，可以减少各像素的亮度的无序差异，由此可以提高图像的品质。

Claims (10)

1. 一种显示装置，由多个象素排列配置而构成，该象素由给定的驱动电路、和通过该驱动电路的驱动而发光的发光体所构成，其特征在于，各象素包括校正电路，其由电阻器、和电阻值可根据所接收的光量改变的光接收体串联构成，并与驱动电路一构成要素的数据电压保持用电容器并联连接；
所述光接收体具有与该发光体的发光特性相似的光接收特性，按照只接收由所述发光体发出的光量而遮蔽外光的状态下形成在玻璃基板上。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，光接收体由有机EL材料形成。
3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的显示装置，其特征在于，发光体由有机EL材料形成。
4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的显示装置，其特征在于，通过将多个象素排列配置成二维而构成。
5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的显示装置，其特征在于，进行彩色显示。
6. 一种显示方法，通过分别单独驱动与排列配置的多个象素对应设置的发光体而显示图像，其特征在于，采用由电阻器、和电阻值可根据所接收的光量改变的光接收体串联构成的校正电路，只接收并检测由所述发光体发出的光量，并根据该检测结果向与所述校正电路并联连接的作为驱动电路一构成要素的数据电压保持用电容器反馈；
所述光接收体具有与该发光体的发光特性相似的光接收特性。
7. 根据权利要求6或所述的显示方法，其特征在于，发光体由有机EL材料形成。
8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的显示方法，其特征在于，通过将多个象素排列配置成二维而构成。
9. 根据权利要求6或7所述的显示方法，其特征在于，进行彩色显示。
10. 根据权利要求6或7所述的显示方法，其特征在于，采用喷墨法形成发光体以及光接收体。
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