CN100406159C - Method for casting Mg-Al-Zn based magnesium alloy with high strength and high tenacity - Google Patents
Method for casting Mg-Al-Zn based magnesium alloy with high strength and high tenacity Download PDFInfo
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- CN100406159C CN100406159C CNB2006100456931A CN200610045693A CN100406159C CN 100406159 C CN100406159 C CN 100406159C CN B2006100456931 A CNB2006100456931 A CN B2006100456931A CN 200610045693 A CN200610045693 A CN 200610045693A CN 100406159 C CN100406159 C CN 100406159C
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- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910018137 Al-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910018573 Al—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000635 Spelter Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 241000722270 Regulus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zinc Chemical compound [AlH3].[Zn] HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001051 Magnalium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A method for casting high-strength and-toughness Mg-Al-Zn based Mg-alloy includes such steps as baking auxiliaries, proportional mixing, pre-heating tools, smelting Mg ingot, refining, modifying, laying aside while holding its temp, casting and solidifying. Said Mg-alloy contains Al (3-9 Wt %), Zn (3.5-9), Mn (0.15-1.0), Sb (0-2), and Al (rest).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cast magnesium alloy technology, specifically a kind of method that makes Mg-Al-Zn base cast magnesium alloy obtain high-intensity high-tenacity.The present invention is by introducing the magnesite modifying technology medium aluminium zinc content magnesium alloy system, and is to have done improvement on the smelting process basis of alloy at traditional magnalium, makes and adopts the magnesium alloy crystal grain of this technology preparation to obtain abundant refinement.By the smelting process of optimization and/or the heat treatment of microalloying and optimization, the magnesium alloy mechanical property of the present invention's preparation further promotes, and its tensile strength reaches more than the 300MPa.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy has obtained extensive use with advantages such as its excellent specific strengths at numerous areas such as Aero-Space, communications and transportation, 3C Products as a kind of novel light metal material.
In cast magnesium alloy, AZ91 series and AM60 serial application are the most extensive.Data in the following table are drawn " magnesium and magnesium alloy " (the Magnesium and Magnesium Alloy) that publishes from U.S. material informatics meeting (ASM International, former american society for metals).As can be seen, though AZ91 series intensity is high, but plasticity is relatively poor; Though and AM60 series plasticity is good, but intensity a little less than.Although the ZE63 alloy shows high-strength and high-ductility, utilize the ZE63 alloy can only produce thin-wall part, and complicated nitrogen atmosphere heat treatment and high rare-earth content cause cost higher, be difficult to large tracts of land and promote.
In order further to enlarge the range of application of cast magnesium alloy, under low-cost prerequisite, improving intensity and toughness simultaneously is key point.Although many researchers have carried out work such as microalloying, grain refinement based on AZ91 series and AM60/50 series, its result is produced effects not quite.Applicant has been applied for Chinese invention patent " a kind of high-intensity high-tenacity cast magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof (application number: CN200410020567.1) " on May 19th, 2004.The alloying component that relates in this patent of invention is: content of magnesium is the balance surplus; Aluminium content is 3～9%; Zinc content is 3.5～9%; Manganese content is 0.15～1.0%; Antimony content is 0～2%; Rare earth element is 0～2%.Adopt its tensile strength of magnesium alloy of this patent of invention preparation to reach 260～280MPa, yield strength 〉=140MPa, percentage elongation 〉=6%.Smelt and Technology for Heating Processing through further optimizing, on the described alloying component of CN200410020567.1 patent of invention basis, developed tensile strength sigma
bReach 〉=300MPa yield strength σ
0.2〉=150MPa, percentage elongation δ
5〉=6% alloy series.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Mg-Al-Zn of making base cast magnesium alloy to obtain the method for high-intensity high-tenacity.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of method that makes Mg-Al-Zn base cast magnesium alloy obtain high-intensity high-tenacity comprises the metallurgy and foundry technology and the Technology for Heating Processing of optimization.Its concrete metallurgy and foundry step is as follows:
1) oven dry and preheating: the bake out temperature of auxiliary material (covering/refining agent, alterant) is 120～180 ℃; The preheat temperature of various batchings and casting die is 150～300 ℃; Instrument (agitator, sludge ladle, bell cover, casting with scoop etc.) cleans and preheating in 700～740 ℃ molten states washing flux;
2) fusing of magnesium ingot: 720～740 ℃ of design temperatures, heat up; When crucible was preheated to kermesinus (400～500 ℃), residue in the cleaning crucible fed CO
2The air of gas displacement crucible inside sprinkles one deck coverture equably at crucible inwall and bottom then; The magnesium ingot that adds preheating, and on furnace charge, sprinkle one deck coverture; The coverture consumption accounts for 0.1～1.0% of charging weight in this process; Continue to heat up;
3) Pei Liao adding: when the magnesium melt temperature reaches 720～740 ℃, under the coverture protection, add the good batching of various preheatings (aluminium manganese intermediate alloy, aluminium block, antimony regulus, spelter etc.) according to batching fusing point order from high to low; Batching was stirred 4～6 minutes, so that composition is even after all melting; Then, remove surperficial slag, bath surface spreads with coverture, is incubated 4～6 minutes down at 710～730 ℃; The addition of coverture is not burnt with bath surface and is as the criterion in this operation;
4) refining of melt: stirred melt 8～12 minutes, melt is rolled from bottom to top, must not splash, and constantly spread with refining agent on the crest of melt, its consumption is 0.5～2.5% of a furnace charge gross weight;
5) melt is rotten: the alterant of wrapping with aluminium-foil paper of preheating is put into bell-jar, slowly inserts 2/3 degree of depth in the melt, and moves horizontally reposefully and make the melt boiling, decomposes until alterant to finish; Alterant adopts the magnesite pellet, and its consumption accounts for 0.1～2.5% of charging weight, and its granularity is 0.1～5mm; Metamorphic process adopts the coverture protection, and consumption does not burn with bath surface and is as the criterion;
6) insulation of melt is left standstill: behind rotten the end, remove the slag that alloy liquid surface, sidewall of crucible etc. are located, bath surface spreads with coverture then, and consumption does not burn with bath surface and is as the criterion; Melt is warming up to 770～790 ℃, and insulation was left standstill 10～20 minutes;
7) cast molding operation: melt is cooled to 720～740 ℃, and (percentage by volume is at 99～99.5%CO at 0.8: 1～1.2: 1 sulphur and boric acid mixed powder and/or mist
2+ 0.5～1%SF
6) protection casting down.
The preparation method of cast magnesium alloy among the present invention adopts the magnesite powder of 0.1～5mm to go bad, the CO that can produce by the decomposable process of magnesite
2Gas combines original position and generates the heterogeneous nucleating center of Al-C-O with Al element and O element, this nucleating center and magnesium matrix have accurate coherence relation, crystal grain thinning significantly.The rotten treatment process of melt is placed on the refining procedure back, can cause modification effect to reduce on the one hand, on the other hand the MgO and the CO that can produce by the decomposable process of magnesite because of the subsequent handling overlong time
2Be difficult to take bath surface in the melt of gas after, play cleaning molten effect preferably by the field trash that sedimentation or suspension separate with refining.
The cast magnesium alloy of the present invention's preparation must just can reach its maximum intensity through the T6 Technology for Heating Processing according to the alloy graining characteristic optimizing.The T6 Technology for Heating Processing can be divided into for two steps in principle: solution treatment of promptly incremental formula alternating temperature and Ageing Treatment.Incremental formula alternating temperature solid solution temperature is 300～390 ℃, and the time is 12～24 hours, and air cooling is to room temperature; The temperature of incremental formula alternating temperature solution treatment need be different according to the alloy graining characteristic.Aging temperature is 160～200 ℃, and the time is 10～24 hours, and air cooling is to room temperature.
Cooling curve according to medium aluminium zinc content cast magnesium alloy solidifies feature, and only there is a temperature flex point in some alloy near solidus, and there are two temperature flex points in some alloy near solidus.If there are two temperature flex points in alloy near solidus, then with the minimum solidus temperature flex point of flex point called after that temperature is lower in these two flex points, the flex point called after time high solidus temperature flex point that temperature is higher.
The solution treatment of incremental formula alternating temperature can be divided into three kinds in principle: first kind is T41, its characteristics are that sample is at first 280～320 ℃ of preliminary treatment 1～3 hour, set 5～15 ℃ of the minimum solidus temperature flex points that heat treatment temperature is lower than its freezing curve then, the time is 12～24 hours; Second kind is T42, its characteristics are at first to carry out 8～12 hours T41 preliminary treatment (that is: 280～320 ℃ of preliminary treatment 1～3 hour, set 5～15 ℃ of the minimum solidus temperature flex points that heat treatment temperature is lower than its freezing curve then, the time is 8～12 hours); Set 5～15 ℃ of the inferior high solidus temperature flex points that heat treatment temperature is lower than its freezing curve then, the time is 4～8 hours; The third is T43, its characteristics be at first to carry out for the time 8～12 hours T41 preliminary treatment; Set 5～15 ℃ of the inferior high solidus temperature flex points that heat treatment temperature is lower than its freezing curve then, the time is 2～6 hours; Set 0～10 ℃ of the inferior high solidus temperature flex point that heat treatment temperature is higher than its freezing curve at last, the time is 1～3 hour.
Solidify the feature heat treatment of alloy through difference relatively, it is as follows to reach a conclusion: if only deposit a flex point near the solidus, then adopt T61 heat treatment can obtain effect preferably; If there are two flex points near the solidus, then adopt T62 or T63 all can obtain effect preferably, but consider that there is the risk of local remelting in T63 heat treatment sample, recommend to adopt T62 to heat-treat safer in the practical application.
The heat treatment of optimizing has changed the distribution mode and the quantity of particle wild phase, thus appreciable impact mechanical property.Incremental formula solution treatment is dissolved in the most of block secondary precipitated phase that exists in the cast alloy again in the matrix and is existed in the mode of solid solution, so can improve the plasticity of alloy; Sample after the solution treatment is through after the Ageing Treatment, and the fine second precipitated phase that disperse distributes can be separated out again along crystal boundary or in crystal grain inside, so can significantly improve the yield strength and the tensile strength of alloy, but its plasticity ratio solid solution attitude descends to some extent.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. the cast magnesium alloy of the present invention preparation, its crystal grain obtains abundant refinement, has possessed the characteristic of high-intensity high-tenacity simultaneously, and what be particularly suitable for lightweight, high-strength and high ductility uses the material demand; Its tensile strength sigma of typical cast magnesium alloy of the present invention's preparation
bReach more than the 300Mpa yield strength σ
0.2〉=150MPa, percentage elongation δ
5〉=6%.
2. the cast magnesium alloy of the present invention preparation, the heat treatment step simple and stable of its optimization, workpiece can not cause waste product because the part is heavily melted.Be cheap metal owing to alloying ingredient simultaneously, so the preparation cost of alloy is lower, has high cost performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a b is that (Fig. 1 a) and foundry goods (Fig. 1 b) schematic diagram for the metal type dies of test mechanical property.
Fig. 2 is the back scattering sem photograph of as cast condition embodiment 1 alloy.
Fig. 3 is the Al-C-O nucleating center schematic diagram that exists in T61 attitude embodiment 1 alloy.
Fig. 4 a-b is the schematic diagram and the detailed dimensions of mechanics tensile property sample; Wherein, Fig. 4 a is a stereogram, and Fig. 4 b is a vertical view.
Fig. 5 is the mechanics tensile property of T61 attitude embodiment 1 alloy.
Fig. 6 is the back scattering sem photograph of as cast condition embodiment 2 alloys.
Fig. 7 is the back scattering sem photograph of T41 attitude embodiment 2 alloys.
Fig. 8 is the mechanics tensile property of T61 attitude embodiment 2 alloys.
Fig. 9 is the cooling curve of embodiment 3 alloys.
Figure 10 is the mechanics tensile property contrast of embodiment 3 alloys of T61 attitude and T62 attitude.
Figure 11 is the cooling curve of comparative example 4 alloys.
Figure 12 is the cooling curve of embodiment 4 alloys.
Figure 13 is the back scattering sem photograph of comparative example 4 alloys of F, T41, T42 and T43 attitude.Wherein a figure is as cast condition (F), and b figure is the T41 attitude, and c figure is the T42 attitude, and d figure is the T43 attitude.
Figure 14 is the mechanics tensile property contrast of comparative example 4 alloys of T61, T62 and T63 attitude.
Figure 15 is the mechanics tensile property of T62 attitude embodiment 4 alloys.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment in detail the present invention is described in detail:
The basic operational steps of present embodiment 1 alloy is as follows:
I), alloying component:
II), alloy smelting and casting:
The smelting work of embodiment 1 is to carry out in shaft furnace, and crucible adopts carbon steel material; The cast molding of alloy is then finished in metal mold.The manufacturer of RJ-2 covering/refining agent wherein, RJ-1 washing flux and magnesite alterant is rich boat chemical plant, Dashiqiao City, Liaoning Province.Preparation technology is as follows in detail:
1) oven dry and preheating: the bake out temperature of auxiliary material (RJ-2 covering/refining agent, alterant) is 150 ℃; The preheat temperature of various batchings and casting die is 200 ℃; Instrument (agitator, sludge ladle, bell cover, casting with scoop etc.) cleans and preheating in 730 ℃ RJ-1 molten states washing flux;
2) fusing of magnesium ingot: set 730 ℃ of crucible temperatures, heat up; When crucible was preheated to kermesinus, residue in the cleaning crucible fed CO
2The air of gas displacement crucible inside sprinkles one deck RJ-2 coverture equably at crucible inwall and bottom then; The magnesium ingot that adds preheating, and on furnace charge, sprinkle one deck coverture; RJ-2 coverture consumption accounts for 0.5% of charging weight in this process; Continue to heat up;
3) Pei Liao adding: when the magnesium melt temperature reaches 730 ℃, under the protection of RJ-2 coverture, add the good batching of various preheatings (aluminium manganese intermediate alloy, aluminium block, spelter etc.) according to batching fusing point order from high to low; Batching was stirred 5 minutes, so that composition is even after all melting; Then, remove surperficial slag, spread coverture with RJ-2; Setting melt temperature is 720 ℃, is incubated 5 minutes; The consumption of RJ-2 coverture does not burn with bath surface and is as the criterion in this process;
4) refining of melt: stirred melt 10 minutes, melt is rolled from bottom to top, must not splash, and constantly spread with RJ-2 refining agent on the crest of melt, its consumption is 1.5% of a furnace charge gross weight;
5) melt is rotten: the alterant of wrapping with aluminium-foil paper of preheating is put into bell-jar, slowly inserts 2/3 degree of depth in the melt, and moves horizontally reposefully and make the melt boiling, decomposes until alterant to finish; Alterant adopts the magnesite pellet, and its consumption accounts for 0.1～2.5% of charging weight, and its granularity is 0.5mm; Metamorphic process adopts the RJ-2 coverture to protect, and consumption does not burn with bath surface and is as the criterion;
6) insulation of melt is left standstill: behind rotten the end, remove the slag that alloy liquid surface, sidewall of crucible etc. are located, spread the coverture with RJ-2 at bath surface then, consumption does not burn with bath surface and is as the criterion; Melt is warming up to 780 ℃, and insulation was left standstill 15 minutes;
7) cast molding operation: melt is cooled to 730 ℃, and (percentage by volume is at 99～99.5%CO at 1: 1 sulphur of weight ratio and boric acid mixed powder and/or mist
2+ 0.5～1%SF
6) protection casting down.
III), the heat treatment of foundry goods:
Only there is a tangible temperature flex point in the solidus of embodiment 1 alloy near 354 ℃, therefore adopt T61 to heat-treat.The heat treated actual conditions of its T61 is: at first 300 ℃ of preliminary treatment 2 hours, set 345 ℃ of heat treatment temperatures then, the time is 16 hours, and air cooling is to room temperature; Carry out Ageing Treatment then, temperature is 180 ℃, and the time is 18 hours, and air cooling is to room temperature.
IV), microstructure characterizes
Its preparation process of the sample of microstructure observation is as follows: adopt No. 2000 carborundum silicon carbide papers to polish the surface; Adopt the machine glazed finish of oil base diamond paste then; The alloy of as cast condition and T6x (x=1-3) attitude is owing to exist more secondary precipitated phase, the sample surfaces after the polishing to adopt the tartaric acid alcoholic solution of the nital of 2% volumetric concentration and 2% volumetric concentration replace etching to get final product and characterize out apparent in viewly; The alloy of T4x (x=1-3) attitude is because the secondary precipitated phase seldom, needs to adopt the method for electrobrightening could more clearly characterize crystal boundary, and electrobrightening adopts 5% volumetric concentration perchloric acid alcoholic solution to carry out in-20～-30 ℃ low temperature environment.Microstructure observation is being furnished with and can carrying out on the electronic scanner microscope Philips XL30ESEM-FEG/EDAX of spectral apparatus.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the ESEM picture of as cast condition embodiment 1 alloy, and the crystal grain of this alloy obtains refinement preferably as can be seen, and crystallite dimension is about 50 μ m.Accompanying drawing 3 is Al-C-O nucleating center schematic diagrames of finding in T61 attitude embodiment 1 alloy, adopts the composition of EDX energy spectrum analysis as shown in the table:
V), the sample preparation of mechanical property and test:
The mechanics tensile property sample of alloy is to prepare for the regulation of sheet coupon with reference to the § 3.6.2 of GB GB 6397-86, and Fig. 1 a is a metal type dies, and Fig. 1 b is a foundry goods, and the sample position is the lower plane plate portion of accompanying drawing 1b (right figure) medium casting.Mechanics tensile property sample thickness is 3mm, and its schematic diagram and other detailed dimensions are seen accompanying drawing 4a-b.
Carry out on the sub-universal testing machine of CMT-5105 type microcomputer controlled electro that the mechanics tension test is mainly produced in the Shenzhen Sans Material Detection Co., Ltd, the part sample contrasts on the day mechanics cupping machine AG-250KNE that produces of island proper Tianjin company and AG-5000A in addition.Draw speed is 2mm/min.
The mechanics tensile property of T61 attitude embodiment 1 alloy is seen accompanying drawing 5, and its performance indications are as follows:
Tensile strength sigma
b=301MPa, yield strength σ
0.2=146MPa, percentage elongation δ
5=7.7%.
Difference from Example 1 is:
Present embodiment alloy basic operational steps is as follows:
I), alloying component:
II), alloy smelting and casting:
Identical with smelting and casting part among the embodiment 1.
III), the heat treatment of foundry goods:
The T61 heat treatment actual conditions of embodiment 2 is identical with the heat treatment section among the embodiment 1.
IV), microstructure characterizes
The sample preparation of microstructure observation and characterization method are identical with embodiment 1.Accompanying drawing 6 is the back scattering sem photograph of as cast condition embodiment 2 alloys.Accompanying drawing 7 is back scattering sem photographs of T41 attitude embodiment 2 alloys.From above two figure as can be seen, the crystal grain of embodiment 2 alloys has obtained extraordinary thinning effect, and its crystallite dimension has reached between 20～50 μ m.
V), the sample preparation of mechanical property and test:
Mechanical property sample preparation and test are with described in the embodiment 1.
The mechanics tensile property of T61 attitude embodiment 2 alloys is seen accompanying drawing 8, and its performance indications are as follows:
Tensile strength sigma
b=313MPa, yield strength σ
0.2=160MPa, percentage elongation δ
5=6.5%.
Difference from Example 1 is:
Present embodiment alloy basic operational steps is as follows:
I), alloying component:
II), alloy smelting and casting:
Identical with smelting and casting part among the embodiment 1.
III), the heat treatment of foundry goods:
Accompanying drawing 9 is the cooling curve of embodiment 3 alloys.As can be seen from the figure, two temperature flex points (375 ℃ and 354 ℃) have appearred in embodiment 3 alloys near solidus.According to the aforementioned hot treatment principle, embodiment 3 alloys T61 and two kinds of heat treatments of T62 have been carried out.
T61 heat treatment is identical with heat treatment section among the embodiment 1.The heat treated actual conditions of T62 is: at first 300 ℃ of preliminary treatment 2 hours, set 340 ℃ of heat treatment temperatures then, the time is 10 hours, and setting heat treatment temperature at last once more is 365 ℃, and the time is 6 hours, and air cooling is to room temperature; Carry out Ageing Treatment subsequently, temperature is 180 ℃, and the time is 18 hours, and air cooling is to room temperature.
IV), microstructure characterizes
The sample preparation of microstructure observation and characterization method are identical with embodiment 1.The crystal grain of embodiment 3 alloys has also obtained thinning effect preferably, and its crystallite dimension is about 50 μ m.
V), the sample preparation of mechanical property and test:
Mechanical property sample preparation and test are with described in the embodiment 1.
The mechanics tensile property comparison diagram of embodiment 3 alloys of T61 attitude and T62 attitude is seen accompanying drawing 10.Therefrom as can be seen, T62 heat treatment has obviously improved the mechanics tensile property of alloy than T61 heat treatment.The performance indications of T62 attitude embodiment 3 alloys are as follows:
Tensile strength sigma
b=302MPa, yield strength σ
0.2=150MPa, percentage elongation δ
5=7.0%.
Difference from Example 1 is:
Present embodiment alloy basic operational steps is as follows:
I), alloying component:
II), alloy smelting and casting:
The smelting of comparative example 4 and casting part is identical with appropriate section among the embodiment 1.The smelting of embodiment 4 and casting with reference to embodiment 1 in corresponding part, difference is many antimony elements in the batching, adding batching is aluminium manganese intermediate alloy, aluminium block, antimony regulus, spelter in proper order.
III), the heat treatment of foundry goods:
Accompanying drawing 11 is the cooling curve of comparative example 4 alloys.As can be seen from the figure, two temperature flex points (385 ℃ and 354 ℃) have appearred in comparative example 4 alloys near solidus.According to the aforementioned hot treatment principle, comparative example 4 alloys T61, T62 and three kinds of heat treatments of T63 have been carried out.
The T61 heat treatment of comparative example 4 is identical with heat treatment section among the embodiment 1.The heat treated actual conditions of the T62 of comparative example 4 is: at first 300 ℃ of preliminary treatment 2 hours, set 340 ℃ of heat treatment temperatures then, the time is 10 hours, and setting heat treatment temperature at last once more is 375 ℃, and the time is 6 hours, and air cooling is to room temperature; Carry out Ageing Treatment subsequently, temperature is 180 ℃, and the time is 18 hours, and air cooling is to room temperature.The heat treated actual conditions of the T63 of comparative example 4 is: at first 300 ℃ of preliminary treatment 2 hours, set 340 ℃ of heat treatment temperatures then, time is 10 hours, setting heat treatment temperature more then is 370 ℃, time is 4 hours, setting heat treatment temperature at last is 385 ℃, and the time is 2 hours, and air cooling is to room temperature; Carry out Ageing Treatment subsequently, temperature is 180 ℃, and the time is 18 hours, and air cooling is to room temperature.
Accompanying drawing 12 is the cooling curve of embodiment 4 alloys, and two temperature flex points (377 ℃ and 354 ℃) have appearred in embodiment 4 alloys near solidus, embodiment 4 alloys have been carried out T62 heat treatment.The heat treated actual conditions of its T62 is: at first 300 ℃ of preliminary treatment 2 hours, set 340 ℃ of heat treatment temperatures then, the time is 10 hours, and setting heat treatment temperature at last once more is 370 ℃, and the time is 6 hours, and air cooling is to room temperature; Carry out Ageing Treatment subsequently, temperature is 180 ℃, and the time is 18 hours, and air cooling is to room temperature.
IV), microstructure characterizes
The sample preparation of microstructure observation and characterization method are identical with embodiment 1.Accompanying drawing 13 is back scattering sem photographs of comparative example 4 alloys of different solution treatment, and wherein a is as cast condition (F), and b is the T41 attitude, and c is the T42 attitude, and d is the T43 attitude, and the residual quantity of its block secondary precipitated phase of sample that final as can be seen solid solubility temperature is high more is few more.
V), the sample preparation of mechanical property and test:
Mechanical property sample preparation and test are with described in the embodiment 1.
The mechanics tensile property comparison diagram of comparative example 4 alloys of T61, T62 and T63 attitude is seen accompanying drawing 14.Therefrom as can be seen, T62 and T63 heat treatment have all obviously improved the mechanics tensile property of alloy than T61 heat treatment.But consider that there is the risk of local remelting in T63 heat treatment sample, recommend to adopt T62 to heat-treat safer in the practical application.Contrast different T6 heat treatment comparative example 4 alloy organizing and mechanical property, can find the few more sample of block secondary precipitated phase residual quantity, high more through its mechanical property after the Ageing Treatment.
The mechanics tensile property of T62 attitude embodiment 4 alloys is seen accompanying drawing 15, and its performance indications are as follows:
Tensile strength sigma
b=309MPa, yield strength σ
0.2=159MPa, percentage elongation δ
5=6.7%.
Claims (6)
1. method that makes Mg-Al-Zn base cast magnesium alloy obtain high-intensity high-tenacity, it is characterized in that alloying component is: content of magnesium is the balance surplus; Aluminium content is 3～9%; Zinc content is 3.5～9%; Manganese content is 0.15～1.0%; Antimony content is 0～2%; Rare earth element is 0～2%; Comprise metallurgy and foundry and heat treatment, its metallurgy and foundry step is as follows:
1) oven dry and preheating: auxiliary material is dried, various batchings and casting die are carried out preheating, instrument is cleaned and preheating;
2) fusing of magnesium ingot: when crucible was preheated to 400～500 ℃, residue in the cleaning crucible fed CO
2The air of gas displacement crucible inside sprinkles one deck coverture equably at crucible inwall and bottom then; The magnesium ingot that adds preheating, and on furnace charge, sprinkle one deck coverture; Continue to heat up;
3) Pei Liao adding: when the magnesium melt temperature reaches 720～740 ℃, under the coverture protection, add the good batching of various preheatings according to batching fusing point order from high to low; Batching was stirred 4～6 minutes, so that composition is even after all melting; Then, remove surperficial slag, bath surface spreads with coverture, is incubated 4～6 minutes down at 710～730 ℃;
4) refining of melt: stirred melt 8～12 minutes, and melt was rolled from bottom to top, and constantly on the crest of melt, spread with refining agent;
5) melt is rotten: the alterant of wrapping with aluminium-foil paper of preheating is put into bell-jar, inserts 2/3 degree of depth in the melt, and moves horizontally reposefully and make the melt boiling, decomposes until alterant to finish; Alterant adopts the magnesite pellet, and its consumption accounts for 0.1～2.5% of charging weight, and its granularity is 0.1～5mm; Metamorphic process adopts the coverture protection;
6) insulation of melt is left standstill: behind rotten the end, remove the slag of alloy liquid surface, sidewall of crucible, bath surface spreads with coverture then, is incubated down at 770～790 ℃ and leaves standstill 10～20 minutes;
7) cast molding operation: melt is cooled to 720～740 ℃, and at 0.8: 1～1.2: 1 sulphur of weight ratio and boric acid mixed powder and/or in mixed gas protected casting down, mist is percentage by volume, 99～99.5%CO
2+ 0.5～1%SF
6
This cast magnesium alloy must be through the T6 Technology for Heating Processing according to the alloy graining characteristic optimizing; The T6 Technology for Heating Processing was divided into for two steps: solution treatment of promptly incremental formula alternating temperature and Ageing Treatment; Incremental formula alternating temperature solid solution temperature is 300～390 ℃, and the time is 12～24 hours, and air cooling is to room temperature; Aging temperature is 160～200 ℃, and the time is 10～24 hours, and air cooling is to room temperature.
2. according to the described method that makes Mg-Al-Zn base cast magnesium alloy obtain high-intensity high-tenacity of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described step 1), be 120～180 ℃ as the bake out temperature of the coverture of auxiliary material, refining agent, alterant; The preheat temperature of various batchings and casting die is 150～300 ℃; Instrument cleans and preheating in 700～740 ℃ molten state washing flux.
3. according to the described method that makes Mg-Al-Zn base cast magnesium alloy obtain high-intensity high-tenacity of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 2), the coverture consumption accounts for 0.1～1.0% of charging weight.
4. according to the described method that makes Mg-Al-Zn base cast magnesium alloy obtain high-intensity high-tenacity of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 3), step 5) and the step 6), the coverture amount of being sprinkled into is not burnt with bath surface and is as the criterion.
5. according to the described method that makes Mg-Al-Zn base cast magnesium alloy obtain high-intensity high-tenacity of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described step 4), the refining agent consumption is 0.5～2.5% of a furnace charge gross weight.
6. according to the described method that makes Mg-Al-Zn base cast magnesium alloy obtain high-intensity high-tenacity of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the solution treatment of incremental formula alternating temperature is divided into three kinds: first kind is T41, sample is at first 280～320 ℃ of preliminary treatment 1～3 hour, set 5～15 ℃ of the minimum solidus temperature flex points that heat treatment temperature is lower than its freezing curve then, the time is 12～24 hours; Second kind is T42, at first carries out 8～12 hours T41 preliminary treatment; Set 5～15 ℃ of the inferior high solidus temperature flex points that heat treatment temperature is lower than its freezing curve then, the time is 4～8 hours; The third is T43, at first carry out for the time 8～12 hours T41 preliminary treatment; Set 5～15 ℃ of the inferior high solidus temperature flex points that heat treatment temperature is lower than its freezing curve then, the time is 2～6 hours; Set 0～10 ℃ of the inferior high solidus temperature flex point that heat treatment temperature is higher than its freezing curve at last, the time is 1～3 hour.
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| CN102127723B (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2012-06-06 | 中南大学 | Thermomechanical treatment method for obtaining high-strength and high-toughness magnesium alloy |
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| CN102337437A (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2012-02-01 | 四川大学 | High-plasticity casting Mg-Sn-Zn-Al series magnesium alloy |
| CN103849798B (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2017-11-07 | 沈阳工业大学 | A kind of cast Mg alloy with high strength and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108672708B (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2022-01-04 | 中航迈特粉冶科技（北京）有限公司 | Preparation method of Mn-containing high-entropy alloy powder |
| CN111155010A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-15 | 深圳市新星轻合金材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of magnesium-aluminum-titanium alloy |
| CN111118362A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-08 | 深圳市新星轻合金材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of magnesium-aluminum-titanium-niobium alloy |
| CN111155009A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-15 | 深圳市新星轻合金材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of magnesium-aluminum-titanium-chromium alloy |
| CN111235415A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-06-05 | 深圳市新星轻合金材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of magnesium-aluminum-titanium-vanadium alloy |
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Assignee: Zhongke Engineering Research Center for Corrosion Control, Shenyang Assignor: Institute of metal research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Contract record no.: 2011210000093 Denomination of invention: Method for obtaining high strength and toughness of Mg-Al-Zn base cast magnesium alloy Granted publication date: 20080730 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20070725 Record date: 20110706 |