CN104561691A - High-plasticity cast aluminum alloy and pressure casting preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-plasticity cast aluminum alloy and pressure casting preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104561691A CN104561691A CN201510039611.1A CN201510039611A CN104561691A CN 104561691 A CN104561691 A CN 104561691A CN 201510039611 A CN201510039611 A CN 201510039611A CN 104561691 A CN104561691 A CN 104561691A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-plasticity cast aluminum alloy and a pressure casting preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical fields of metal materials and metallurgy. The high-plasticity cast aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 7.5-14.5% of Si, 0.5-0.8% of Mg, 0.2-0.5% of Mn, 0.1-0.4% of Ti, 0.01-1.5% of RE, 0.6-1.3% of Fe, at most 100 ppm of P, 100-600 ppm of Sr and the balance of Al. The RE is one or more of Gd, Y, Nd, Sm, Er, Yb and La. After the high-plasticity cast aluminum alloy is subjected to pressure casting, the elongation percentage delta of the alloy is greater than or equal to 20%. The alloy has the advantages of excellent casting performance and low cost. The method has the advantages of simple technique, high production efficiency and obvious progress, and widens the application range of the Al-Si cast aluminum alloy.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of cast aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof, and specifically a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum and pressure die casting preparation method thereof, belong to class of metal materials and field of metallurgy.
Background technology
Cast aluminium alloy, as traditional metallic substance, because its density is little, specific tenacity high, is widely used in the industries such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, machinery.Along with the development of modern industry and casting technology, to cast aluminium alloy, as having the cast aluminium alloy of high strength, high-ductility, excellent wear resistance and erosion resistance, demand is increasing.Through the development of decades, aldural has formed complete series, and performance tends towards stability, and production method is gradually improved, and becomes alloy system indispensable in Material Field.But at present the plasticity of high strength cast aluminum alloys is lower, generally can not bear larger deflection, thus make it apply to be subject to larger restriction.Many vitals many employings wrought aluminium alloy manufactures needing high-ductility.But although wrought aluminium alloy has desirable high-ductility, its course of processing requires high to process equipment mould, and operation is many, and therefore the production cycle is long, and cost is very high.By contrast, cast aluminium alloy has cheap, cast structure isotropy, easily produces complex-shaped part, both single piece production many advantages such as also can to produce in enormous quantities.Therefore, exploitation can replace portion deforms aluminium alloy and have the cast aluminium alloy of high-ductility, its cast shaping process of specification, shortens the production cycle, reduces manufacturing cost, becomes the development trend that this field is current.
Chinese patent CN85102364AA discloses a kind of Si-Mn-Te series aluminum casting alloy, and its component content is 5.5 ~ 9.5%Si, 0.2 ~ 0.8%Mn, 0.1 ~ 0.2%Ti, 0.001 ~ 0.2%Te, 0.1 ~ 0.2%Sb, surplus is Al, and unit elongation is about 16%.But this alloy is while raising plasticity, and alloy strength acutely declines, and its performance can not meet current industrial needs.In Chinese patent CN101248200A, disclose a kind of cast aluminium alloy, its component content is 2.5 ~ 3.3%Si, 0.2 ~ 0.7%Mg, Fe < 0.18%, Mn < 0.5, Ti < 0.1, Sr < 0.03, other < 0.1, surplus is Al.During this alloy casting state, unit elongation is that after 13%, T6 thermal treatment, unit elongation is only 5%, does not reach the application demand of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum foundry goods far away.In addition, because in alloy, Si amount is lower, in tissue, the eutectic scale of construction is less, make that Alloy Forming temperature is higher, air-breathing tendency is larger, there is the casting flaw such as pore, shrinkage cavity and porosity being difficult to avoid, be difficult to obtain high-integrity casting, thus formability (castability) is poor.In Chinese patent CN103305730A, disclose a kind of new A l-Si-Mg-Cu-Sr casting alloy, its component content is 11.0 ~ 12.0%Si, 0.30 ~ 0.50%Cu, 0.35 ~ 0.55%Mg, 0.01 ~ 0.02%Sr, Mn≤0.35%, Zn≤0.20%, Fe≤0.40%, Ti≤0.10%, Ni≤0.10%, Pb≤0.10%, Sn≤0.10%, Cr≤0.10%, other≤0.6%, surplus is Al.The as cast condition tensile strength of this alloy is between 245 ~ 275MPa, and unit elongation is between 5 ~ 8%.But the Cu element added in this Al-Si system alloy can increase hot tearing and the corrosion tendency of alloy, reduce castability, because which limit this alloy range of application in the industry.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to cast aluminium alloy plasticity that prior art exists generally on the low side and do not consider the deficiency of the castability of aluminium alloy.On the basis not reducing alloy strength and castability, providing a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum and pressure die casting preparation method thereof, by selecting suitable composition and processing parameter, preparing the cast aluminium alloy with excellent unit elongation.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
First aspect, the invention provides a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, comprise component and weight content is as follows: Si 7.5 ~ 14.5%, Mg 0.5 ~ 0.8%, Mn 0.2 ~ 0.5%, Ti 0.1 ~ 0.4%, RE 0.01 ~ 1.5%, Fe 0.6 ~ 1.3%, P≤100ppm, Sr 100 ~ 600ppm, surplus is Al;
Preferably, described RE is one or more in Gd, Y, Nd, Sm, Er, Yb, La.
Preferably, when described RE is one or more in Gd, Er or Yb, the weight content of RE is 0.05 ~ 1.0%; Described RE is one or more in Y, Nd, Sm or La, then the preferred version of these four kinds of rare earth elements is 0.05 ~ 0.6%.
Preferably, P is 1 ~ 50ppm.
Preferably, described Si, Mg, Mn, Ti, RE, Fe, P, Sr, Al are from commercial-purity aluminium, silicon metal, pure magnesium, Al-Mn master alloy, rare earth intermediate alloy, Al-Sr master alloy, Al-P master alloy and Al-Ti-B master alloy.
Second aspect, the invention provides a kind of pressure die casting preparation method of described high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, comprises the following steps:
The first step, molten alloy, obtains aluminium alloy melt;
Second step, carries out pressure die casting to described aluminium alloy melt, obtains high plasticity alloy cast aluminum.
Preferably, in the first step, described molten alloy comprises the steps:
(1) commercial-purity aluminium, silicon metal, pure magnesium, Al-Mn master alloy, rare earth intermediate alloy, Al-Sr master alloy, Al-P master alloy and Al-Ti-B master alloy are preheated to 100 ~ 200 DEG C, are incubated more than 2 hours;
(2) melting Al, Si: preheating melting utensil to 400 ~ 500 DEG C, add silicon metal bottom it, covers 40 ~ 80% of required commercial-purity aluminium gross weight, is warming up to the temperature of commercial-purity aluminium fusing, obtains aluminium liquid on silicon metal; Silicon metal melts under the parcel of aluminium liquid, repeatedly stirs after fusing, then adds remaining commercial-purity aluminium;
(3) add Mn, RE: under 720 ~ 740 DEG C of conditions, in step (2) gained liquation, add Al-Mn master alloy, rare earth intermediate alloy;
(4) add Sr, P: under 730 ~ 750 DEG C of conditions, in step (3) gained liquation, add Al-Sr master alloy and Al-P master alloy, leave standstill after 15 ~ 30 minutes and stir 3 ~ 5 minutes, make it fully melt;
(5) add Ti: under 710 ~ 730 DEG C of conditions, in step (4) gained liquation, add Al-Ti-B master alloy, stir, leave standstill 3 ~ 5 minutes;
(6) add Mg: under 700 ~ 720 DEG C of conditions, in step (5) gained liquation, add pure magnesium, fully melt;
(7) refining: under 710 ~ 740 DEG C of conditions, adds refining agent in step (6) gained liquation, refining 10 ~ 20 minutes, leaves standstill 15 ~ 40 minutes, is cooled to 660 ~ 700 DEG C, skims surface scum, obtain aluminium alloy melt.
Preferably, in step (1), described preheating is specially employing baking oven.
Preferably, in step (2), described smelting device is specially crucible; The temperature of commercial-purity aluminium fusing is at about 680 DEG C; Described stirring adopts graphite rod.
Preferably, in step (7), described refining agent is aluminum refining agent or the hexachloroethane that conventional commercial contains the inorganic salt such as sodium salt, sylvite, villiaumite, and its consumption is less than or equal to 5% of described high plasticity alloy cast aluminum weight.
Preferably, in second step, in described pressure die casting, the teeming temperature of aluminium alloy melt is 660 ~ 700 DEG C, and injection speed is 0.2 ~ 3.0m/s, and casting mould preheating temperature is 200 ~ 300 DEG C.
When rare earth adding quantity is different, rare earth mainly exists with three kinds of forms in aluminium alloy: in the base, segregation, at phase boundary, crystal boundary and dendrite circle, is solid-solubilized in compound or with compound form and exists in solid solution.After adding rare earth element in the alloy, rare earth plays limited solution strengthening on the one hand, improve the effect of intensity, Rare-Earth Element Chemistry activity is extremely strong on the other hand, can selective adsorption on the crystal grain boundary of growing up, hinder the growth of crystal grain, crystal grain thinning, put forward heavy alloyed mechanical property, especially plasticity.When increasing the content of rare earth further, the intermetallic compound Dispersed precipitate that the element such as rare earth and Al, Mg, Si is formed, in matrix, makes crack initiation position and expansion approach in alloy fracture process change, puies forward heavy alloyed plasticity.Rare earth element add the castability also can improving cast aluminium alloy, this is because Fe is impurity harmful in aluminium alloy, the crystal structure of most of Copper component is all very thick, the direct mechanical property affecting alloy, fall low-alloyed mobility and plasticity, increase inhomogeneity of structure, add rare earth, then can change the existing forms of iron phase, put forward heavy alloyed castability and plasticity thereof.In addition, P and Sr can effectively put forward heavy alloyed plasticity to the rotten of primary crystal Si and eutectic Si.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) rare earth element is added in cast aluminium alloy of the present invention, by the adjustment of optimizing components and series of process parameter, obtain crystal grain tiny, fine and close, uniform composition, Dispersed precipitate in the rich RE intermetallic compound of matrix with lack flawless tissue, its plasticity can be significantly improved on the basis not reducing alloy strength, industrial service demand can be met better;
(2) according to aluminium alloy prepared by present component extrusion casting, with existing Al-Si system alloy phase ratio, its room temperature strength does not obviously reduce but plasticity obtains greatly raising, its room temperature tensile intensity σ >=280MPa tested by the foundry goods of die casting, unit elongation δ >=20%, breach the higher but bottleneck that plasticity is lower of other Al-Si system cast aluminium alloy intensity, its higher intensity and unit elongation can meet the demand of industry to such material;
(3) the alloy casting excellent performance prepared of the present invention, with low cost, and technique is simple, and production efficiency is high, significantly progressive, expands the range of application of Al-Si system cast aluminium alloy.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will contribute to those skilled in the art and understand the present invention further, but not limit the present invention in any form.It should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some distortion and improvement can also be made.These all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Various master alloy involved in the present invention and refining agent are commercially available prod.
embodiment 1
The present embodiment relates to a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum and pressure die casting preparation method thereof.
First aspect, the present embodiment provides a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, described al alloy component (weight content) is: 7.5%Si, 0.5%Mg, 0.2%Mn, 0.1%Ti, 0.05%Y, 0.6%Fe, 20ppm P, 100ppm Sr, other inevitable impurity are less than 0.2%, and all the other are Al.
Second aspect, the present embodiment provides a kind of pressure die casting preparation method of described high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, comprises the steps:
The first step, molten alloy, obtains aluminium alloy melt; Wherein, the technique concrete steps of described molten alloy are: melting raw material is preheated to 100 DEG C by (1) in an oven, be incubated more than 2 hours, the surface cleaning such as Slag Tool, bell jar rust cleaning painting is coated, this coating adopts 25% talcum powder and 5% water glass to add appropriate water mediation and forms, then is placed in the baking of stove surface, and storing temperature is 100 DEG C, toast after 1 hour and clear up, to prevent the increasing iron of alloy in fusion process; (2) preheated crucible to 400 DEG C, adds silicon metal in crucible bottom, covers 2/3 of required fine aluminium amount after drying on silicon metal, heat up together, namely fine aluminium melts at about 680 DEG C, and silicon slowly melts under the parcel of aluminium liquid, repeatedly stir with graphite rod after fusing, then add remaining fine aluminium; (3) be cooled to 730 DEG C and add Al-Mn master alloy, Al-5Y master alloy, stir and make it melt completely; (4) be warming up to 740 DEG C and add Al-Sr master alloy and Al-P master alloy, leave standstill 15 minutes; (5) be cooled to 710 DEG C and add Al-Ti-B master alloy, stir, leave standstill 3 ~ 5 minutes; (6) be pressed in aluminum alloy melt with the pure magnesium that aluminium foil wraps up by bell jar 700 DEG C time, stir and make it fully melt; (7) refining is carried out when being warming up to 720 DEG C, the three-in-one refining agent of refining agent aluminium alloy, the add-on of refining agent is 1% of aluminium alloy gross weight, horizontal turning movement in aluminium liquid is pressed into the refining agent that aluminium foil wraps up by bell jar during refining, survey the content of hydrogen after about 10min refining, and carry out stokehold inspection;
Second step, leaves standstill 20min, skims surface scum under the teeming temperature of 660 DEG C, obtains aluminium alloy melt, and cast prepares; Keep aluminium alloy melt temperature to be 660 DEG C, die temperature is 200 DEG C, injection speed 0.2m/s.
The high-plasticity aluminum alloy room temperature tensile intensity of die casting in the present embodiment is 282Mpa, unit elongation 20.3%.
embodiment 2
The present embodiment relates to a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum and pressure die casting preparation method thereof.
First aspect, the present embodiment provides a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, described al alloy component (weight content) is: 8.5%Si, 0.6%Mg, 0.3%Mn, 0.2%Ti, 1.5%Gd, 0.7%Fe, 40ppm P, 200ppm Sr, other inevitable impurity are less than 0.2%, and all the other are Al.
Second aspect, the present embodiment provides a kind of pressure die casting preparation method of described high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, comprises the steps:
The first step, molten alloy, obtains aluminium alloy melt; Wherein, the technique concrete steps of described molten alloy are: melting raw material is preheated to 200 DEG C by (1) in an oven, be incubated more than 2 hours, the surface cleaning such as Slag Tool, bell jar rust cleaning painting is coated, this coating adopts 25% talcum powder and 5% water glass to add appropriate water mediation and forms, then is placed in the baking of stove surface, and storing temperature is 200 DEG C, toast after 1 hour and clear up, to prevent the increasing iron of alloy in fusion process; (2) preheated crucible to 450 DEG C, adds silicon metal in crucible bottom, covers 2/3 of required fine aluminium amount after drying on silicon metal, heat up together, namely fine aluminium melts at about 680 DEG C, and silicon slowly melts under the parcel of aluminium liquid, repeatedly stir with graphite rod after fusing, then add remaining fine aluminium; (3) be cooled to 720 DEG C and add Al-Mn master alloy, Mg-90Gd master alloy, stir and make it melt completely; (4) be warming up to 730 DEG C and add Al-Sr master alloy and Al-P master alloy, leave standstill 15 minutes; (5) be cooled to 720 DEG C and add Al-Ti-B master alloy, stir, leave standstill 3 ~ 5 minutes; (6) be pressed in aluminum alloy melt with the pure magnesium that aluminium foil wraps up by bell jar 710 DEG C time, stir and make it fully melt; (7) refining is carried out when being warming up to 730 DEG C, refining agent selects hexachloroethane, and the add-on of refining agent is 1% of aluminium alloy gross weight, is pressed into horizontal turning movement in aluminium liquid during refining with the refining agent that aluminium foil wraps up by bell jar, survey the content of hydrogen after about 10min refining, and carry out stokehold inspection;
Second step, leaves standstill 30min, skims surface scum under the teeming temperature of 680 DEG C, obtains aluminium alloy melt, and cast prepares; Keep aluminium alloy melt temperature to be 680 DEG C, die temperature is 225 DEG C, injection speed 0.5m/s.
The high-plasticity aluminum alloy room temperature tensile intensity of die casting in the present embodiment is 286Mpa, unit elongation 20.0%.
embodiment 3
The present embodiment relates to a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum and pressure die casting preparation method thereof.
First aspect, the invention provides a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, described al alloy component (weight content) is: 9.5%Si, 0.7%Mg, 0.4%Mn, 0.3%Ti, 0.1%Gd, 0.1%Y, 0.02%Nd, 0.8%Fe, 60ppm P, 300ppmSr, other inevitable impurity are less than 0.2%, and all the other are Al.
Second aspect, the present embodiment provides a kind of pressure die casting preparation method of described high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, comprises the steps:
The first step, molten alloy, obtains aluminium alloy melt; Wherein, the technique concrete steps of described molten alloy are: melting raw material is preheated to 200 DEG C by (1) in an oven, be incubated more than 2 hours, the surface cleaning such as Slag Tool, bell jar rust cleaning painting is coated, this coating adopts 25% talcum powder and 5% water glass to add appropriate water mediation and forms, then is placed in the baking of stove surface, and storing temperature is 200 DEG C, toast after 1 hour and clear up, to prevent the increasing iron of alloy in fusion process; (2) preheated crucible to 500 DEG C, adds silicon metal in crucible bottom, covers 2/3 of required fine aluminium amount after drying on silicon metal, heat up together, namely fine aluminium melts at about 680 DEG C, and silicon slowly melts under the parcel of aluminium liquid, repeatedly stir with graphite rod after fusing, then add remaining fine aluminium; (3) be cooled to 730 DEG C and add Al-Mn master alloy, Mg-90Gd master alloy, Mg-25Y master alloy, Mg-90Nd master alloy, stir and make it melt completely; (4) be warming up to 740 DEG C and add Al-Sr master alloy and Al-P master alloy, leave standstill 15 minutes; (5) be cooled to 730 DEG C and add Al-Ti-B master alloy, stir, leave standstill 3 ~ 5 minutes; (6) be pressed in aluminum alloy melt with the pure magnesium that aluminium foil wraps up by bell jar 720 DEG C time, stir and make it fully melt; (7) refining is carried out with aluminum refining agent when being warming up to 740 DEG C, the add-on of refining agent is 2% of aluminium alloy gross weight, be pressed into horizontal turning movement in aluminium liquid with the refining agent that aluminium foil wraps up by bell jar during refining, survey the content of hydrogen after about 10min refining, and carry out stokehold inspection;
Second step, leaves standstill 30min, skims surface scum under the teeming temperature of 700 DEG C, obtains aluminium alloy melt, and cast prepares; Keep aluminium alloy melt temperature to be 700 DEG C, die temperature is 250 DEG C, injection speed 1.0m/s.
The high-plasticity aluminum alloy room temperature tensile intensity of die casting in the present embodiment is 286Mpa, unit elongation 20.2%.
embodiment 4
The present embodiment relates to a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum and pressure die casting preparation method thereof.
First aspect, the invention provides a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, described al alloy component (weight content) is: 10.5%Si, 0.8%Mg, 0.5%Mn, 0.4%Ti, 0.2%Gd, 0.3%Y, 0.15%Nd, 0.02%Sm, 0.9%Fe, 80ppmP, 400ppm Sr, other inevitable impurity are less than 0.2%, and all the other are Al.
Second aspect, the present embodiment provides a kind of pressure die casting preparation method of described high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, comprises the steps:
The first step, molten alloy, obtains aluminium alloy melt; Wherein, the technique concrete steps of described molten alloy are: melting raw material is preheated to 200 DEG C by (1) in an oven, be incubated more than 2 hours, the surface cleaning such as Slag Tool, bell jar rust cleaning painting is coated, this coating adopts 25% talcum powder and 5% water glass to add appropriate water mediation and forms, then is placed in the baking of stove surface, and storing temperature is 220 DEG C, toast after 1 hour and clear up, to prevent the increasing iron of alloy in fusion process; (2) preheated crucible to 400 DEG C, adds silicon metal in crucible bottom, covers 2/3 of required fine aluminium amount after drying on silicon metal, heat up together, namely fine aluminium melts at about 680 DEG C, and silicon slowly melts under the parcel of aluminium liquid, repeatedly stir with graphite rod after fusing, then add remaining fine aluminium; (3) be cooled to 720 DEG C and add Al-Mn master alloy, Mg-90Gd master alloy, Al-5Y master alloy, Mg-90Nd master alloy, Mg-20Sm master alloy, stir and make it melt completely; (4) be warming up to 730 DEG C and add Al-Sr master alloy and Al-P master alloy, leave standstill 15 minutes; (5) be cooled to 710 DEG C and add Al-Ti-B master alloy, stir, leave standstill 3 ~ 5 minutes; (6) be pressed in aluminum alloy melt with the pure magnesium that aluminium foil wraps up by bell jar 700 DEG C time, stir and make it fully melt; (7) refining is carried out when being warming up to 710 DEG C, refining agent selects hexachloroethane, and the add-on of refining agent is 5% of aluminium alloy gross weight, is pressed into horizontal turning movement in aluminium liquid during refining with the refining agent that aluminium foil wraps up by bell jar, survey the content of hydrogen after about 10min refining, and carry out stokehold inspection;
Second step, leaves standstill 40min, skims surface scum under the teeming temperature of 680 DEG C, obtains aluminium alloy melt, and cast prepares; Keep aluminium alloy melt temperature to be 680 DEG C, die temperature is 300 DEG C, injection speed 2.0m/s.
The high-plasticity aluminum alloy room temperature tensile intensity of die casting in the present embodiment is 287Mpa, unit elongation 20.5%.
embodiment 5
The present embodiment relates to a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum and pressure die casting preparation method thereof.
First aspect, the present embodiment provides a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, described al alloy component (weight content) is: 10.5%Si, 0.8%Mg, 0.5%Mn, 0.4%Ti, 0.1%Gd, 0.1%Y, 0.05%Nd, 0.2%Sm, 0.1%Er, 1.0%Fe, 90ppm P, 500ppm Sr, other inevitable impurity are less than 0.2%, and all the other are Al.
Second aspect, the present embodiment provides a kind of pressure die casting preparation method of described high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, comprises the steps:
The first step, molten alloy, obtains aluminium alloy melt; Wherein, the technique concrete steps of described molten alloy are: melting raw material is preheated to 200 DEG C by (1) in an oven, be incubated more than 2 hours, the surface cleaning such as Slag Tool, bell jar rust cleaning painting is coated, this coating adopts 25% talcum powder and 5% water glass to add appropriate water mediation and forms, then is placed in the baking of stove surface, and storing temperature is 200 DEG C, toast after 1 hour and clear up, to prevent the increasing iron of alloy in fusion process; (2) preheated crucible to 420 DEG C, adds silicon metal in crucible bottom, covers 2/3 of required fine aluminium amount after drying on silicon metal, heat up together, namely fine aluminium melts at about 680 DEG C, and silicon slowly melts under the parcel of aluminium liquid, repeatedly stir with graphite rod after fusing, then add remaining fine aluminium; (3) be cooled to 720 DEG C and add Al-Mn master alloy, Mg-90Gd master alloy, Al-5Y master alloy, Mg-90Nd master alloy, Mg-20Sm master alloy, Al-20Er master alloy, stir and make it melt completely; (4) be warming up to 730 DEG C and add Al-Sr master alloy and Al-P master alloy, leave standstill 15 minutes; (5) be cooled to 710 DEG C and add Al-Ti-B master alloy, stir, leave standstill 3 ~ 5 minutes; (6) be pressed in aluminum alloy melt with the pure magnesium that aluminium foil wraps up by bell jar 700 DEG C time, stir and make it fully melt; (7) refining is carried out with aluminum refining agent when being warming up to 710 DEG C, the add-on of refining agent is 2% of aluminium alloy gross weight, be pressed into horizontal turning movement in aluminium liquid with the refining agent that aluminium foil wraps up by bell jar during refining, survey the content of hydrogen after about 10min refining, and carry out stokehold inspection;
Second step, leaves standstill 20min, skims surface scum under the teeming temperature of 690 DEG C, obtains aluminium alloy melt, and cast prepares; Keep aluminium alloy melt temperature to be 690 DEG C, die temperature is 200 DEG C, injection speed 3.0m/s.
The high-plasticity aluminum alloy room temperature tensile intensity of die casting in the present embodiment is 281Mpa, unit elongation 20.3%.
embodiment 6
The present embodiment relates to a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum and pressure die casting preparation method thereof.
First aspect, the invention provides a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, described al alloy component (weight content) is: 11.5%Si, 0.6%Mg, 0.3%Mn, 0.2%Ti, 0.05%Gd, 0.1%Y, 0.05%Nd, 0.02%Sm, 0.7%Er, 0.02%La, 1.3%Fe, 100ppm P, 600ppm Sr, other inevitable impurity are less than 0.2%, and all the other are Al.
Second aspect, the present embodiment provides a kind of pressure die casting preparation method of described high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, comprises the steps:
The first step, molten alloy, obtains aluminium alloy melt; Wherein, the technique concrete steps of described molten alloy are: melting raw material is preheated to 200 DEG C by (1) in an oven, be incubated more than 2 hours, the surface cleaning such as Slag Tool, bell jar rust cleaning painting is coated, this coating adopts 25% talcum powder and 5% water glass to add appropriate water mediation and forms, then is placed in the baking of stove surface, and storing temperature is 240 DEG C, toast after 1 hour and clear up, to prevent the increasing iron of alloy in fusion process; (2) preheated crucible to 430 DEG C, adds silicon metal in crucible bottom, covers 2/3 of required fine aluminium amount after drying on silicon metal, heat up together, namely fine aluminium melts at about 680 DEG C, and silicon slowly melts under the parcel of aluminium liquid, repeatedly stir with graphite rod after fusing, then add remaining fine aluminium; (3) be cooled to 730 DEG C and add Al-Mn master alloy, Mg-90Gd master alloy, Al-5Y master alloy, Mg-90Nd master alloy, Mg-20Sm master alloy, Al-20Er master alloy, Al-20La master alloy, stir and make it melt completely; (4) be warming up to 740 DEG C and add Al-Sr master alloy and Al-P master alloy, leave standstill 15 minutes; (5) be cooled to 720 DEG C and add Al-Ti-B master alloy, stir, leave standstill 3 ~ 5 minutes; (6) be pressed in aluminum alloy melt with the pure magnesium that aluminium foil wraps up by bell jar 710 DEG C time, stir and make it fully melt; (7) refining is carried out when being warming up to 720 DEG C, refining agent selects hexachloroethane, and the add-on of refining agent is 2% of aluminium alloy gross weight, is pressed into horizontal turning movement in aluminium liquid during refining with the refining agent that aluminium foil wraps up by bell jar, survey the content of hydrogen after about 10min refining, and carry out stokehold inspection;
Second step, leaves standstill 30min, skims surface scum under the teeming temperature of 670 DEG C, obtains aluminium alloy melt, and cast prepares; Keep aluminium alloy melt temperature to be 670 DEG C, die temperature is 200 DEG C, injection speed 1.0m/s.
The high-plasticity aluminum alloy room temperature tensile intensity of die casting in the present embodiment is 284Mpa, unit elongation 20.4%.
embodiment 7
The present embodiment relates to a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum and pressure die casting preparation method thereof.
First aspect, the invention provides a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, described al alloy component (weight content) is: 13.5%Si, 0.6%Mg, 0.3%Mn, 0.2%Ti, 0.05%Gd, 0.05%Y, 0.02%Nd, 0.02%Sm, 0.1%Er, 0.6%La, 0.1%Yb, 1.2%Fe, 10ppm P, 200ppm Sr, other inevitable impurity are less than 0.2%, and all the other are Al.
Second aspect, the present embodiment provides a kind of pressure die casting preparation method of described high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, comprises the steps:
The first step, molten alloy, obtains aluminium alloy melt; Wherein, the technique concrete steps of described molten alloy are: melting raw material is preheated to 200 DEG C by (1) in an oven, be incubated more than 2 hours, the surface cleaning such as Slag Tool, bell jar rust cleaning painting is coated, this coating adopts 25% talcum powder and 5% water glass to add appropriate water mediation and forms, then is placed in the baking of stove surface, and storing temperature is 200 DEG C, toast after 1 hour and clear up, to prevent the increasing iron of alloy in fusion process; (2) preheated crucible to 440 DEG C, adds silicon metal in crucible bottom, covers 2/3 of required fine aluminium amount after drying on silicon metal, heat up together, namely fine aluminium melts at about 680 DEG C, and silicon slowly melts under the parcel of aluminium liquid, repeatedly stir with graphite rod after fusing, then add remaining fine aluminium; (3) be cooled to 730 DEG C and add Al-Mn master alloy, Mg-90Gd master alloy, Al-5Y master alloy, Mg-90Nd master alloy, Mg-20Sm master alloy, Al-20Er master alloy, Al-20La master alloy, Al-10Yb master alloy, stir and make it melt completely; (4) be warming up to 740 DEG C and add Al-Sr master alloy and Al-P master alloy, leave standstill 15 minutes; (5) be cooled to 720 DEG C and add Al-Ti-B master alloy, stir, leave standstill 3 ~ 5 minutes; (6) be pressed in aluminum alloy melt with the pure magnesium that aluminium foil wraps up by bell jar 710 DEG C time, stir and make it fully melt; (7) refining is carried out with aluminum refining agent when being warming up to 720 DEG C, the add-on of refining agent is 3% of aluminium alloy gross weight, be pressed into horizontal turning movement in aluminium liquid with the refining agent that aluminium foil wraps up by bell jar during refining, survey the content of hydrogen after about 10min refining, and carry out stokehold inspection;
Second step, leaves standstill 30min, skims surface scum under the teeming temperature of 690 DEG C, obtains aluminium alloy melt, and cast prepares; Keep aluminium alloy melt temperature to be 690 DEG C, die temperature is 200 DEG C, injection speed 1.5m/s.
The high-plasticity aluminum alloy room temperature tensile intensity of die casting in the present embodiment is 287Mpa, unit elongation 20.1%.
embodiment 8
The present embodiment relates to a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum and pressure die casting preparation method thereof.
First aspect, the invention provides a kind of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, described al alloy component (weight content) is: 14.5%Si, 0.6%Mg, 0.3%Mn, 0.2%Ti, 0.05%Gd, 0.05%Y, 0.02%Nd, 0.02%Sm, 0.1%Er, 0.02%La, 0.7%Yb, 1.1%Fe, 10ppm P, 200ppm Sr, other inevitable impurity are less than 0.2%, and all the other are Al.
Second aspect, the present embodiment provides a kind of pressure die casting preparation method of described high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, comprises the steps:
The first step, molten alloy, obtains aluminium alloy melt; Wherein, the technique concrete steps of described molten alloy are: melting raw material is preheated to 200 DEG C by (1) in an oven, be incubated more than 2 hours, the surface cleaning such as Slag Tool, bell jar rust cleaning painting is coated, this coating adopts 25% talcum powder and 5% water glass to add appropriate water mediation and forms, then is placed in the baking of stove surface, and storing temperature is 200 DEG C, toast after 1 hour and clear up, to prevent the increasing iron of alloy in fusion process; (2) preheated crucible to 400 DEG C, adds silicon metal in crucible bottom, covers 2/3 of required fine aluminium amount after drying on silicon metal, heat up together, namely fine aluminium melts at about 680 DEG C, and silicon slowly melts under the parcel of aluminium liquid, repeatedly stir with graphite rod after fusing, then add remaining fine aluminium; (3) be cooled to 730 DEG C and add Al-Mn master alloy, Mg-90Gd master alloy, Al-5Y master alloy, Mg-90Nd master alloy, Mg-20Sm master alloy, Al-20Er master alloy, Al-20La master alloy, Al-10Yb master alloy, stir and make it melt completely; (4) be warming up to 740 DEG C and add Al-Sr master alloy and Al-P master alloy, leave standstill 15 minutes; (5) be cooled to 720 DEG C and add Al-Ti-B master alloy, stir, leave standstill 3 ~ 5 minutes; (6) be pressed in aluminum alloy melt with the pure magnesium that aluminium foil wraps up by bell jar 710 DEG C time, stir and make it fully melt; (7) refining is carried out when being warming up to 720 DEG C, refining agent selects hexachloroethane, and the add-on of refining agent is 3% of aluminium alloy gross weight, is pressed into horizontal turning movement in aluminium liquid during refining with the refining agent that aluminium foil wraps up by bell jar, survey the content of hydrogen after about 10min refining, and carry out stokehold inspection;
Second step, leaves standstill 30min, skims surface scum under the teeming temperature of 690 DEG C, obtains aluminium alloy melt, and cast prepares; Keep aluminium alloy melt temperature to be 690 DEG C, die temperature is 200 DEG C, injection speed 2.5m/s.
The high-plasticity aluminum alloy room temperature tensile intensity of casting in the present embodiment is 284Mpa, unit elongation 20.6%.
In sum, the present invention, by the optimization of alloy compositions and preparation method, obtains the aluminium alloy that a kind of alloy strength and plasticity have both, compared with prior art, has significant progressive and substantive distinguishing features, specifically can see the following form 1.
Table 1 contrasts for cast aluminium alloy of the present invention and the room-temperature property of existing cast Al-Si alloy under pressure die casting condition
| Alloy designations (as-heat-treated condition) | Tensile strength (MPa) | Unit elongation (%) |
| CN103146962A patent (F) | ≥225 | ≥6 |
| CN103898376A patent (F) | ≥280 | 5～12 |
| ZL107A(T5) | 420～470 | 4～6 |
| YL112(F) | ≥330 | ≥3 |
| A380(T5) | ≥310 | ≥3.2 |
| Patent of the present invention (T5) | ≥280 | ≥20 |
Above specific embodiments of the invention are described.It is to be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various distortion or amendment within the scope of the claims, and this does not affect flesh and blood of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a high plasticity alloy cast aluminum, it is characterized in that, described high plasticity alloy cast aluminum comprises component and weight content is as follows: Si 7.5 ~ 14.5%, Mg 0.5 ~ 0.8%, Mn 0.2 ~ 0.5%, Ti 0.1 ~ 0.4%, RE 0.01 ~ 1.5%, Fe 0.6 ~ 1.3%, P≤100ppm, Sr 100 ~ 600ppm, surplus is Al; Wherein, described RE is one or more in Gd, Y, Nd, Sm, Er, Yb, La.
2. high plasticity alloy cast aluminum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Si, Mg, Mn, Ti, RE, Fe, P, Sr, Al are from commercial-purity aluminium, silicon metal, pure magnesium, Al-Mn master alloy, rare earth intermediate alloy, Al-Sr master alloy, Al-P master alloy and Al-Ti-B master alloy.
3. a pressure die casting preparation method for high plasticity alloy cast aluminum according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described preparation method comprises the following steps:
The first step, molten alloy, obtains aluminium alloy melt;
Second step, carries out pressure die casting to described aluminium alloy melt, obtains high plasticity alloy cast aluminum.
4. the pressure die casting preparation method of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in the first step, described molten alloy comprises the steps:
(1) commercial-purity aluminium, silicon metal, pure magnesium, Al-Mn master alloy, rare earth intermediate alloy, Al-Sr master alloy, Al-P master alloy and Al-Ti-B master alloy are preheated to 100 ~ 200 DEG C, are incubated more than 2 hours;
(2) melting Al, Si: preheating melting utensil to 400 ~ 500 DEG C, add silicon metal bottom it, covers 40 ~ 80% of required commercial-purity aluminium gross weight, is warming up to the temperature of commercial-purity aluminium fusing, obtains aluminium liquid on silicon metal; Silicon metal melts under the parcel of aluminium liquid, repeatedly stirs after fusing, then adds remaining commercial-purity aluminium;
(3) add Mn, RE: under 720 ~ 740 DEG C of conditions, in step (2) gained liquation, add Al-Mn master alloy, rare earth intermediate alloy;
(4) add Sr, P: under 730 ~ 750 DEG C of conditions, in step (3) gained liquation, add Al-Sr master alloy and Al-P master alloy, leave standstill after 15 ~ 30 minutes and stir 3 ~ 5 minutes, make it fully melt;
(5) add Ti: under 710 ~ 730 DEG C of conditions, in step (4) gained liquation, add Al-Ti-B master alloy, stir, leave standstill 3 ~ 5 minutes;
(6) add Mg: under 700 ~ 720 DEG C of conditions, in step (5) gained liquation, add pure magnesium, fully melt;
(7) refining: under 710 ~ 740 DEG C of conditions, adds refining agent in step (6) gained liquation, refining 10 ~ 20 minutes, leaves standstill 15 ~ 40 minutes, is cooled to 660 ~ 700 DEG C, skims surface scum, obtain aluminium alloy melt.
5. the pressure die casting preparation method of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in step (1), described preheating is specially employing baking oven.
6. the pressure die casting preparation method of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in step (2), described smelting device is specially crucible; Described stirring adopts graphite rod.
7. the pressure die casting preparation method of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in step (7), described refining agent is aluminum refining agent or the hexachloroethane that conventional commercial contains the inorganic salt such as sodium salt, sylvite, villiaumite.
8. the pressure die casting preparation method of high plasticity alloy cast aluminum according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in second step, in described pressure die casting, the teeming temperature of aluminium alloy melt is 660 ~ 700 DEG C, and injection speed is 0.2 ~ 3.0m/s, and casting mould preheating temperature is 200 ~ 300 DEG C.
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