CN100362718C - Fault-tolerant complex judging self adaption high voltage parallel reactor turn-to-turn protection - Google Patents
Fault-tolerant complex judging self adaption high voltage parallel reactor turn-to-turn protection Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a relay protection method in the electric power system field and discloses a method using electrical quantities at the head and the tail ends of a fault-tolerant complex judging reactor to distinguish three-phase imbalance and turn-to-turn short circuits when high-voltage parallel reactors run normally. The method comprises the following steps: a reactor protective device samples the waveforms of an electric current and a voltage of the transformer to obtain the instantaneous values of the electric current and the voltage; a complex form of each electric quantity is calculated by the Fu's algorithm; when a measured zero sequence voltage is high, a phase-comparison relay is directly used for phase comparison; if the zero sequence voltage is in a positive direction, then, a master criterion acts; when the measured zero sequence voltage is low, a self-adaption zero sequence voltage is compensated and then the phase-comparison relay is used for phase comparison; if the zero sequence voltage is in a positive direction, the master criterion acts. Then, the relative electric quantities are treated with fault-tolerant complex judgment, which guarantees the correct action of turn-to-turn protection. The method has accurate recognition to turn-to-turn faults, enhances sensibility and ensures safe and reliable running of the protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power systems, in particular to a relay protection method.
Background
First, the related art of the present invention is briefly described according to the following references.
1. Hejiali et al, scheme for configuring relay protection of ultra-high voltage transmission line, automation of electric power system, 24 th phase of 2002
2. Wang Weijian, huang Runkeng, operational analysis of zero sequence power direction protection for 500kV shunt reactor, relay No. 4 of 1995.
The 330kV to 750kV ultrahigh voltage system has large electric energy transmission capacity and small transmission loss, has absolute advantages in long-distance and large-capacity transmission projects, is a backbone network frame in a power system, and is a major matter related to nation and civilian life in safe and stable operation. Different from a common high-voltage transmission line, the relay protection task of the extra-high voltage transmission line firstly ensures that overvoltage which endangers equipment and an insulator is not generated, and secondly ensures the stability of a system.
The distributed capacitance of the extra-high voltage line generates very large capacitive reactive power, the capacitance current of 750kV line with the length of 500km can reach 50% of rated load current [1], so a high-voltage shunt reactor must be arranged to absorb the capacitive power, the operation overvoltage of the system is limited, and the potential supply capacitance current during single-phase reclosing can be limited.
In order to ensure the safe operation of the high-voltage shunt reactor, a high-voltage shunt reactor protection device is required to be arranged. When the protection device judges that the internal fault of the reactor occurs, if the previous overvoltage calculation shows that the internal fault of the reactor is removed, the unallowable overvoltage can be caused, or a special circuit breaker is not arranged at the head end of the reactor, and the circuit breakers at two sides of a line need to be tripped simultaneously. Therefore, the protection of the high-voltage shunt reactor is an important component of the ultrahigh-voltage and extra-high-voltage power grid, and the consequence is unreasonable if the high-voltage shunt reactor is incorrectly operated.
Turn-to-turn faults are common fault forms of the reactor, but when the number of short-circuit turns is small, voltage and current caused by the faults are small, and therefore the faults are difficult to detect by a relay protection device. How sensitive and fast to judge the turn-to-turn short circuit of the small turn ratio, and meanwhile, the fault-free operation is not mistaken in the transient process of various external faults and normal operation, which becomes the difficult problem of protecting the high-voltage shunt reactor. Therefore, the reliable and perfect turn-to-turn protection principle is one of the key technologies for protecting the high-voltage parallel reactor.
The protection of high-voltage shunt reactors used in the current system, whether the domestic products (currently only the south own WDK-600 micro electromechanical reactor protection device) or the imported products (such as ABB protection) have the problem that the operation condition of turn-to-turn protection is not satisfactory due to the limitation of various conditions. The turn-to-turn protection of the reactor of WDK-600 adopts a zero-sequence impedance relay consisting of zero-sequence current and zero-sequence voltage, and the turn-to-turn protection is subjected to multiple false actions. The turn-to-turn protection of the ABB does not compensate for zero sequence voltage, and requires that a considerable zero sequence voltage (the secondary value is generally set to 10V) exists after the turn-to-turn fault to act. In fact, because the zero-sequence impedance of the extra-high voltage system is very small, even a very serious turn-to-turn short circuit (close to 100% turn-to-turn short circuit) is difficult to reach the threshold of the zero-sequence voltage, and the sensitivity of turn-to-turn protection based on the principle is very low and even similar to a nominal one.
Therefore, the fault-tolerant complex judgment self-adaptive high-voltage parallel reactor turn-to-turn protection is provided for the current state of reactor turn-to-turn protection.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to more accurately and reliably identify small turn-to-turn short circuit and normal unbalance and ensure that the requirements of the four characteristics (reliability, quick action, selectivity and sensitivity) of relay protection are met under various severe tests of ultrahigh voltage and extra-high voltage systems, the invention provides a method for reliably and quickly distinguishing three-phase unbalance and turn-to-turn short circuit when a high-voltage parallel reactor normally operates by judging the electric quantities of the head end and the tail end of the reactor through fault tolerance, and the method comprises the following steps: the reactor protection device samples the current and voltage waveform of the mutual inductor to obtain a current and voltage instantaneous value; calculating the complex form of each electric quantity through a Fourier algorithm; when the measured zero sequence voltage is larger, directly using a phase comparison relay (see the formula 1) to compare phases, and if the phases are in the positive direction, mainly judging the action; when the measured zero sequence voltage is small, self-adaptive zero sequence voltage compensation is carried out, a phase comparison relay is used for phase comparison, and if the phase comparison relay is used for phase comparison, the main criterion action is carried out in the positive direction.
In addition, the invention further comprises that if the main criterion acts, the auxiliary criterion of the abrupt change quantity (see the formula 2) and the auxiliary criterion of the steady state quantity (see the formula 3) are judged, if either of the two acts, the protection outlet trips; otherwise, the protection enters the next cycle calculation. Therefore, the technical problem of incorrect inter-turn protection action caused by the reasons that the small inter-turn fault characteristics of the reactor are not obvious and the like for a long time can be well solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the zero sequence current, positive voltage direction definition;
FIG. 2 is a logic diagram of fault-tolerant complex decision adaptive inter-turn protection.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
Referring to fig. 1, the inter-turn protection of the present invention employs a fault-tolerant complex decision adaptive inter-turn protection principle. The zero sequence power direction relay is composed of a tail end self-produced zero sequence current and a line self-produced zero sequence voltage. When the reactor is short-circuited between the internal turns, the corresponding measured value at the tail end always meets the zero sequence voltage advance zero sequence current, and the measured value of the zero sequence reactance at the moment is the zero sequence reactance of the system. When the external (system) of the reactor has a fault, the corresponding zero sequence voltage lags behind the zero sequence current, and the measured value of the zero sequence reactance is the zero sequence impedance of the reactor. And the zero sequence impedance of the system is far smaller than that of the reactor. Therefore, the phase relationship of the zero-sequence current and the zero-sequence voltage can be used to distinguish the reactor turn-to-turn short circuit, the internal ground fault and the reactor external fault. When the number of short circuit turns is small, the zero sequence voltage source is small, and the zero sequence current and the zero sequence voltage generated on the zero sequence impedance of the system are correspondingly small. The invention adopts self-adaptive zero sequence voltage compensation aiming at the actual condition that the zero sequence voltage is very small when the reactor is in small turn-to-turn short circuit, carries out comprehensive judgment by combining the change information of each electrical quantity after the fault, and automatically adjusts the action time according to the serious condition of the fault. The method has more accurate identification on turn-to-turn faults, and can ensure safe and reliable operation of protection while improving sensitivity.
The method for obtaining the positive direction of the zero sequence voltage and the zero sequence current is shown in figure 1.
The action equation of the zero sequence power direction element is as follows:
in the formula:respectively the self-generated zero voltage of the circuit TV and the self-generated zero current of the TA at the tail end of the reactor; z is the zero sequence impedance of the reactor (if the grounding reactor exists, the zero sequence impedance of the grounding reactor is included); k is an adaptive compensation coefficient, and is taken from (0 to 0.8).
Because the fault characteristics are not obvious when a small turn-to-turn short circuit fault occurs, all possible fault information needs to be comprehensively judged in order to improve the reliability of turn-to-turn protection. Therefore, the variation of each electrical quantity is increased as an auxiliary criterion, namely, a mutation quantity criterion formula (2) and a steady-state criterion formula (3) are in an 'or' relationship. Wherein I 1 、I 2 Respectively are the current module values of the head end and the tail end of the reactor; i is 1w 、I 2w Respectively are the steady-state quantities of the current at the head end and the tail end of the reactor; 3I 01 The self-produced zero-sequence current module value of the head end current of the reactor is obtained; I.C. A r2hn 、I r2ln Respectively setting current rated values of a head end and a tail end of the reactor; k 1 、K 2 、K 3 Is a fixed constant.
In order to ensure reliable operation of turn-to-turn protection, TA anomaly and TV anomaly detection elements are provided. And when the TA or the TV is abnormal, the fault-tolerant complex judgment self-adaptive inter-turn protection is exited.
The logic block diagram of the fault-tolerant complex judgment self-adaptive interturn protection is shown in figure 2. If fault-tolerant complex judgment is carried out and self-adaptive inter-turn protection is put into use, the criterion 2 and the criterion 3 are sequentially judged, if one of the two is in action, the criterion 1 is judged, if the criterion 1 is in action, protection is carried out through a self-adaptive short-delay outlet, and if not, the next judgment is carried out.
In the above discrimination of the present invention, the relationship in which the criterion 2 and the criterion 3 are "or" and the criterion 1 is "and".
Therefore, the method and the device have the advantages that the identification of turn-to-turn faults is more accurate, the sensitivity is improved, and the safe and reliable operation of protection can be guaranteed.
Claims (3)
1. A method for distinguishing three-phase imbalance and turn-to-turn short circuit of a high-voltage parallel reactor during normal operation by fault-tolerant re-judging electric quantities of the head end and the tail end of the reactor comprises the following steps:
the reactor protection device samples the current and voltage waveform of the mutual inductor to obtain a current and voltage instantaneous value;
calculating the complex form of each electric quantity through a Fourier algorithm;
when the measured zero sequence voltage is larger, a phase comparison relay is directly used for phase comparison, and if the measured zero sequence voltage is in the positive direction, the main criterion acts;
when the measured zero sequence voltage is very small, self-adaptive zero sequence voltage compensation is carried out, a phase comparison relay is used for carrying out phase comparison, and if the phase comparison relay is in the positive direction, the same main criterion action is carried out; the method is characterized in that:
if the main criterion acts, the method further comprises the steps of judging a break variable auxiliary criterion and a steady state quantity auxiliary criterion, and if one of the break variable auxiliary criterion and the steady state quantity auxiliary criterion acts, the protection outlet trips; otherwise, the protection enters the next cycle calculation;
wherein the auxiliary criterion for the mutation is judged according to the following formula:
wherein, I 1 、I 2 Respectively are the current module values of the head end and the tail end of the reactor; i is 1w 、I 2w Respectively are the steady-state quantities of the current at the head end and the tail end of the reactor; k 1 Is a fixed constant;
wherein, the steady state quantity auxiliary criterion is judged according to the following formula:
wherein, I 1 、I 2 Respectively are the current module values of the head end and the tail end of the reactor; 3I 01 、3I 02 Respectively are the self-produced zero sequence current module values of the head current and the tail current of the reactor; i is r2hn 、I r2ln Respectively setting the rated current values of the head end and the tail end of the reactor; k 2 、K 3 Is a fixed constant.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the phase comparison is performed with a phase comparison relay according to the formula:
in the formula: 3U 0 、3I 02 Respectively the self-generated zero-sequence voltage of the circuit TV and the self-generated zero-sequence current of the TA at the tail end of the reactor; z is zero sequence impedance of the reactor, and if a grounding reactor exists, the zero sequence impedance of the grounding reactor is included; k is a self-adaptive compensation coefficient and is 0-0.8.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising, when the criterion is active, associating a protection egress delay with a fault severity level, if the fault severity level protects the transient egress; if the fault characteristics are not obvious, the zero sequence current and the zero sequence voltage are small, protection can be repeatedly judged, and self-adaptive delay is passed.
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100428604C (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2008-10-22 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Turns protection method of composite zero sequence voltage in generator |
| CN101071151B (en) * | 2006-05-08 | 2010-04-21 | 许继集团有限公司 | Amplitude-comparison zero sequence direction relay reactor inter-turn fault measuring method |
| CN100449899C (en) * | 2006-11-22 | 2009-01-07 | 北京四方继保自动化股份有限公司 | High-voltage AC. controllable parallel-connection reactor control winding zero-sequence protection method |
| CN101651328B (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2011-10-05 | 深圳南瑞科技有限公司 | Method and device for shunt reactor turn-to-turn protection |
| CN105917539A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2016-08-31 | 西门子公司 | Method and apparatus of reactor turn-to-turn protection |
| CN109038489B (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2020-05-22 | 许继集团有限公司 | High-voltage shunt reactor turn-to-turn fault protection method |
| CN113937730A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-01-14 | 长园深瑞继保自动化有限公司 | Inter-turn protection method and device and computer equipment |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06253448A (en) * | 1993-03-01 | 1994-09-09 | Nissin Electric Co Ltd | Protective relay for shunt reactor of phase modifying equipment |
| CN1399382A (en) * | 2002-06-02 | 2003-02-26 | 国电南京自动化股份有限公司 | Fault-tolerant discrimination method for turn-to-turn short-circuit protection of parallel reactor |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06253448A (en) * | 1993-03-01 | 1994-09-09 | Nissin Electric Co Ltd | Protective relay for shunt reactor of phase modifying equipment |
| CN1399382A (en) * | 2002-06-02 | 2003-02-26 | 国电南京自动化股份有限公司 | Fault-tolerant discrimination method for turn-to-turn short-circuit protection of parallel reactor |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| . .;500kV并联电抗器保护配置及选型分析. 郭晓红，窦加强，郭宏凯.电力自动化设备，第19卷第5期. 1999 * |
| 500kV并联电抗器零序功率方向保护的运行分析. 王维俭，黄润铿.继电器，第4期. 1995 * |
| 超高压线路并联电抗器匝间保护原理及检验浅析. 武克宇，杜小青.内蒙古电力技术，第20卷第1期. 2002 * |
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