CH527379A - Device on slide bearings to relieve the slideways - Google Patents

Device on slide bearings to relieve the slideways

Info

Publication number
CH527379A
CH527379A CH188071A CH188071A CH527379A CH 527379 A CH527379 A CH 527379A CH 188071 A CH188071 A CH 188071A CH 188071 A CH188071 A CH 188071A CH 527379 A CH527379 A CH 527379A
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
slideways
relieve
slide bearings
slide
guide
Prior art date
Application number
CH188071A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Mueller Karl Dipl-Masch-Techn
Original Assignee
Maag Zahnraeder & Maschinen Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maag Zahnraeder & Maschinen Ag filed Critical Maag Zahnraeder & Maschinen Ag
Priority to CH188071A priority Critical patent/CH527379A/en
Publication of CH527379A publication Critical patent/CH527379A/en

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/02Sliding-contact bearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/26Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
    • B23Q1/262Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members with means to adjust the distance between the relatively slidable members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0408Passive magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0423Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other
    • F16C32/0427Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other for axial load mainly
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0408Passive magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0423Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other
    • F16C32/0434Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other for parts moving linearly
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C39/00Relieving load on bearings
    • F16C39/06Relieving load on bearings using magnetic means
    • F16C39/063Permanent magnets
    • F16C39/066Permanent magnets with opposing permanent magnets repelling each other
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2322/00Apparatus used in shaping articles
    • F16C2322/39General build up of machine tools, e.g. spindles, slides, actuators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2370/00Apparatus relating to physics, e.g. instruments

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)

Description

  

  
 



  Einrichtung an Gleitlager zur Entlastung der Gleitbahnen
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung an Gleitlager zur Entlastung der   Oleitbahnen,    wie sie z. B. im Präzisons-Werkzeugmaschinenbau und besonders auch bei Messinstrumenten vorkommen; sie umfasst sowohl Gleitbahnen für Geradführungen als auch solche für Rundführungen.



   Es ist eine solche Einrichtung zur Entlastung der Gleitbahnen eines Schlittens für Werkzeugmaschinen bekanntgeworden, bei der die Entlastung durch höhenverstellbare   Wälzrolien    geschieht, diese Wählzrollen über je einen federbelasteten Hebel verstellbar sind und durch Hydraulikkolben beeinflusst werden. Ausser der relativ komplizierten Mechanik muss jedoch auch Drucköl für die Hydraulik auf den beweglichen Teil zugeführt werden, was ausser der Gefahr von Vibrationen eine weitere Komplikation bedeutet.



   Weiter ist eine Entlastungsvorrichtung einer Führungsbahn für einen verschiebbaren Schlitten bekannt geworden, die eine Tragbahn enthält und sich der Schlitten darauf im wesentlichen abstützt; dabei ist die Verbindung zwischen Führungsbahn und Tragbahn durch eine Dreikugelauflage oder einen einzelnen Dorn so ausgestaltet, dass keine Biegemomente zwischen den beiden genannten Bahnen übertragen werden um dadurch höchste Präzision in der Geradführung zu erhalten.



  Durch die Anordnung einer besonderen Tragbahn mit darauf langeordneten Abstützmechanismen und der biegemomentfreien Verbindung zwischen den beiden Elementen ist jedoch eine erhebliche   Komplikation    in   Kauf    zu nehmen, die nicht nur kostenanteilig ins Gewicht fällt, sondern auch Anforderungen an die Wartung stellt.



   Dann ist auch eine Führungsvorrichtung bekannt geworden mit einer   IFührung,    bei der ein Gaskissen zwischen den einander zugekehrten und zusammenwirkenden Führungsflächen aufrechterhalten wird, wobei zu Vorspannung der Führung und deshalb auch des Gaskissens Magnete durch ihre anziehende Wirkung auf einander angeordnet sind. Durch Einsatz von Elektromagneten wird in diesem Fall über die gemessene Stärke des Gaskissens zwischen den Führungsflächen und   An-    derung des Erregerstromes ein Regelmechanismus erhalten. Bei dieser Vorrichtung ist eine ständige Druckgaszufuhr mit all ihren nicht kleinen Kosten und Komplikationen der Dichtungen notwendig; auch ist bei Ausführung mit Elektromagneten eine Stromzufuhr mit der daraus resultierenden Erwärmung zusätzlich notwendig.



   Die erfindungsgemässe Einrichtung bezweckt, die erwähnten Nachteile zu beheben und ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass   Idie    Entlastung mittels mindestens zweier permanenter und einander gegenüberliegender abstossender Magnete erfolgt.



   Dadurch wird diese Einrichtung z. B. sowohl geräuschfrei, braucht keine Wartung und benötigt zudem keine Energiezufuhr irgendwelcher Art. Darüber hinaus entstehen bei dieser Einrichtung auch keine Vibrationen, die z. B. im Falle von   Messinstrumenten    die Messungen stören würden.



   Die Erfindung ist beispielsweise einer Zeichnung   mit    3 Figuren dargestellt, wobei
Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht einer Gleitbahn für eine Längsführung zeigt,
Fig. 2 den Querschnitt   II-II    der Fig. 1 zeigt,
Fig. 3 den Axialschnitt durch eine Gleitbahn für eine   Rundführung    zeigt.  



   In einem Bett 1 einer Längsführung (Fig. 1 und 2 sind permanente Magnetstäbe 2   befestigt.    Auf dem Bett 1 gleitet ein Schlitten 3 in entsprechenden -Gleitbahnen hin und her. Im Schlitten 3 sind die beiden Magnetstäbe 2 als abstossende permanente   Magnetstäbe    4 ausgeführt und höhenverstellbar angeordnet. Zur Höhenverstellung dieser beiden   Magnetstäbe    4 und damit   zur Feineinstel-    lung des Luftspaltes a zwischen den beiden sich abstossenden Magnetstäben dienen Schrauben 5. Die magnetische Abstossung P2 beträgt entsprechend dem Cou   lomb'schen      Gesetz   
EMI2.1     
 worin k2 = Faktor    Polstärke    der Magnete 2    mg    =Polstärke der Magnete 4 a = Grösse des Luftspaltes bedeuten.



   Damit kann die Entlastung des Schlittens 3 von den Gleitbahnen genau dosiert werden.



   In einem Bett 10 einer   Rundführung    (Fig. 3) ist ein Rundtisch 11 mittels zweier Kugellager   12 und    13 gelagert. Am Bett 10 ist ein Ring 14 angebracht und mittels eines Gewindes 15 vertikal feineinstellbar. Im Ring 14 ist ein permanenter Ringmagnet 16 befestigt. Ein analoger Ringmagnet 17 der den Ringmagnet 16 abstösst ist im Rundtisch 11 befestigt.

   Die Abstosskraft   P3    ist mit   teils    des Luftspaltes   lb    einstellbar und entlastet den Rundtisch bzw. die Gleitbahnen der Kugellager 12 und 13 Die Berechnung der Abstosskraft   P8    leitet sich aus der analogen Formel wie oben ab:
EMI2.2     

Worin   ks    = Faktor    =    =Polstärke des Magneten 16    m17    =Polstärke des Magneten 17 b Grösse des Luftspaltes
Die permanentmagnetische Abstossung erfordert we   der Leitungs -noch-      Energiezuführungen,    arbeitet lärmund   vibrationsfrei    und erfordert auch keine Wartung. 



  
 



  Device on slide bearings to relieve the slideways
The invention relates to a device on sliding bearings to relieve the Oleitbahnen, as they are such. B. occur in precision machine tool construction and especially in measuring instruments; it includes slideways for straight guides as well as those for circular guides.



   Such a device for relieving the load on the slides of a slide for machine tools has become known, in which the relief takes place by means of height-adjustable rolling rollers, these dial rollers can be adjusted via a spring-loaded lever and are influenced by hydraulic pistons. In addition to the relatively complicated mechanics, however, pressure oil for the hydraulics must also be fed to the moving part, which, in addition to the risk of vibrations, means a further complication.



   Furthermore, a relief device for a guideway for a displaceable slide has become known which contains a support path and the slide is essentially supported thereon; The connection between the guide track and the support track is designed using a three-ball support or a single mandrel so that no bending moments are transmitted between the two mentioned tracks, thereby achieving maximum precision in the straight line.



  Due to the arrangement of a special supporting track with long-term support mechanisms and the bending moment-free connection between the two elements, however, a considerable complication has to be accepted, which is not only significant in terms of costs, but also places demands on maintenance.



   Then a guide device has also become known with an I-guide in which a gas cushion is maintained between the mutually facing and interacting guide surfaces, magnets being arranged to bias the guide and therefore also the gas cushion by their attractive effect. In this case, by using electromagnets, a regulating mechanism is obtained via the measured thickness of the gas cushion between the guide surfaces and changing the excitation current. In this device, a constant supply of pressurized gas is necessary with all of its considerable costs and complications of the seals; a power supply with the resulting heating is also necessary for the version with electromagnets.



   The purpose of the device according to the invention is to remedy the disadvantages mentioned and is characterized in that the load is relieved by means of at least two permanent and mutually opposing repelling magnets.



   This means that this facility z. B. both noise-free, does not need maintenance and also does not require any kind of energy supply. In addition, this device also does not generate any vibrations which, for. B. in the case of measuring instruments would interfere with the measurements.



   The invention is illustrated, for example, in a drawing with 3 figures, wherein
Fig. 1 shows a side view of a slide for a longitudinal guide,
Fig. 2 shows the cross-section II-II of Fig. 1,
Fig. 3 shows the axial section through a slide for a circular guide.



   Permanent magnetic bars 2 are fixed in a bed 1 of a longitudinal guide (FIGS. 1 and 2). A carriage 3 slides back and forth in corresponding sliding tracks on the bed 1. In the carriage 3, the two magnetic bars 2 are designed as repelling permanent magnetic bars 4 and are height adjustable Screws 5 are used to adjust the height of these two magnet rods 4 and thus to fine-tune the air gap a between the two magnet rods that repel each other. The magnetic repulsion P2 is according to Coulomb's law
EMI2.1
 where k2 = factor pole strength of magnets 2 mg = pole strength of magnets 4 mean a = size of the air gap.



   In this way, the relief of the slide 3 from the slideways can be precisely dosed.



   In a bed 10 of a circular guide (FIG. 3), a rotary table 11 is mounted by means of two ball bearings 12 and 13. A ring 14 is attached to the bed 10 and can be finely adjusted vertically by means of a thread 15. A permanent ring magnet 16 is fastened in the ring 14. An analog ring magnet 17 which repels the ring magnet 16 is fastened in the rotary table 11.

   The repulsion force P3 can be adjusted with part of the air gap lb and relieves the load on the rotary table or the slideways of the ball bearings 12 and 13. The calculation of the repulsion force P8 is derived from the analogous formula as above:
EMI2.2

Where ks = factor = = pole strength of magnet 16 m17 = pole strength of magnet 17 b size of the air gap
The permanent magnetic repulsion requires neither the cable nor the energy supply, works free of noise and vibration and does not require any maintenance.

 

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH PATENT CLAIM Einrichtung an Gleitlager, zur Entlastung der Gleitbahnen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Entlastung mittels mindestens zweier permanenter und einander gegenüberliegender abstossender Magnete (2, 4, 16, 17) erfolgt. Device on slide bearings for relieving the load on the slideways, characterized in that the relieving takes place by means of at least two permanent and opposing repelling magnets (2, 4, 16, 17). UNTERANSPRUCH 1. Einrichtung nach Patentanspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Luftspalt zwischen den beiden Magneten 1(2, 4, 16, 17) mittels einer eineinstetlvorrich- tung (5, 14) regulierbar ist, zum Zweck, das Mass der Entlastung einzustellen. SUBClaim 1. Device according to claim, characterized in that the air gap between the two magnets 1 (2, 4, 16, 17) can be regulated by means of a Eininstetlvorrich- device (5, 14), for the purpose of adjusting the degree of relief. Maag-Zahnräder & -Maschinen Aktien-Gesellschaft Maag-Zahnräder & -Maschinen Aktien-Gesellschaft
CH188071A 1971-02-10 1971-02-10 Device on slide bearings to relieve the slideways CH527379A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH188071A CH527379A (en) 1971-02-10 1971-02-10 Device on slide bearings to relieve the slideways

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH188071A CH527379A (en) 1971-02-10 1971-02-10 Device on slide bearings to relieve the slideways

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CH527379A true CH527379A (en) 1972-08-31

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CH188071A CH527379A (en) 1971-02-10 1971-02-10 Device on slide bearings to relieve the slideways

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CH (1) CH527379A (en)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3004591A1 (en) * 1980-02-08 1981-08-13 Hellmut Dipl Ing Mueller Boom system for radial drilling machine - has magnet or compressed air drive for raising boom to reduce pressure on casing guide
EP0266991A2 (en) * 1986-11-07 1988-05-11 Hewlett-Packard Company Magnetic preload for motor shaft bearing
WO2006074069A2 (en) * 2004-12-30 2006-07-13 Rozlev Corp., Llc A bearing assembly having mechanical bearings and using attractive magnetic forces to relieve the load on the mechanical bearings
DE102005024004A1 (en) * 2005-05-25 2006-12-07 Schaeffler Kg Rotary bearing device, in particular for a rotatable rotary table of a machine tool
US7327060B2 (en) 2004-12-30 2008-02-05 Rozlev Corp., Llc Bearing assembly having a mechanical component and using attractive magnetic forces
DE102006053041A1 (en) * 2006-11-10 2008-05-15 Schaeffler Kg Storage arrangement, in particular for a machine tool
CN101649866A (en) * 2008-08-16 2010-02-17 谢夫勒两合公司 Bearing assembly for machine table with magnetic load relieving mechanism
FR2971826A1 (en) * 2011-02-23 2012-08-24 Atmostat ROTATING DEVICE IN PARTICULAR FOR INERTIAL WHEEL
DE102013210694A1 (en) * 2013-06-07 2014-12-11 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Rotary table bearings
CN114352637A (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-04-15 大连理工大学 Device for intelligently controlling positive pressure acting on guide rail surface by adopting electromagnetic force

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3004591A1 (en) * 1980-02-08 1981-08-13 Hellmut Dipl Ing Mueller Boom system for radial drilling machine - has magnet or compressed air drive for raising boom to reduce pressure on casing guide
EP0266991A2 (en) * 1986-11-07 1988-05-11 Hewlett-Packard Company Magnetic preload for motor shaft bearing
EP0266991A3 (en) * 1986-11-07 1989-05-03 Hewlett-Packard Company Magnetic preload for motor shaft bearing
US7466052B2 (en) 2004-12-30 2008-12-16 Rozlev Corp., Llc Bearing assembly having a mechanical component and using attractive magnetic forces
WO2006074069A2 (en) * 2004-12-30 2006-07-13 Rozlev Corp., Llc A bearing assembly having mechanical bearings and using attractive magnetic forces to relieve the load on the mechanical bearings
WO2006074069A3 (en) * 2004-12-30 2007-06-21 Rozlev Corp Llc A bearing assembly having mechanical bearings and using attractive magnetic forces to relieve the load on the mechanical bearings
US7327060B2 (en) 2004-12-30 2008-02-05 Rozlev Corp., Llc Bearing assembly having a mechanical component and using attractive magnetic forces
DE102005024004A1 (en) * 2005-05-25 2006-12-07 Schaeffler Kg Rotary bearing device, in particular for a rotatable rotary table of a machine tool
DE102006053041A1 (en) * 2006-11-10 2008-05-15 Schaeffler Kg Storage arrangement, in particular for a machine tool
WO2008055917A3 (en) * 2006-11-10 2009-01-22 Schaeffler Kg Bearing arrangement in particular for a machine tool
CN101649866A (en) * 2008-08-16 2010-02-17 谢夫勒两合公司 Bearing assembly for machine table with magnetic load relieving mechanism
EP2157328A3 (en) * 2008-08-16 2010-05-12 Schaeffler KG Bearing assembly for a machine table with magnetic load relieving
FR2971826A1 (en) * 2011-02-23 2012-08-24 Atmostat ROTATING DEVICE IN PARTICULAR FOR INERTIAL WHEEL
EP2492528A1 (en) 2011-02-23 2012-08-29 Atmostat Rotary device with a thrust rolling bearing and magnetic suspension means to relief the thrust load on the rolling bearing in particular for a flywheel
DE102013210694A1 (en) * 2013-06-07 2014-12-11 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Rotary table bearings
CN114352637A (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-04-15 大连理工大学 Device for intelligently controlling positive pressure acting on guide rail surface by adopting electromagnetic force
CN114352637B (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-12-20 大连理工大学 Device for intelligently controlling positive pressure acting on guide rail surface by adopting electromagnetic force

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