CH520848A - Construction process of a buried roof - Google Patents

Construction process of a buried roof

Info

Publication number
CH520848A
CH520848A CH306270A CH306270A CH520848A CH 520848 A CH520848 A CH 520848A CH 306270 A CH306270 A CH 306270A CH 306270 A CH306270 A CH 306270A CH 520848 A CH520848 A CH 520848A
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
roof
buried
soil
buried roof
layers
Prior art date
Application number
CH306270A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Bourquin Edgar
Original Assignee
Briqueterie De Renens S A
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Briqueterie De Renens S A filed Critical Briqueterie De Renens S A
Priority to CH306270A priority Critical patent/CH520848A/en
Publication of CH520848A publication Critical patent/CH520848A/en

Links

Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04DROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D11/00Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings
    • E04D11/002Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings consisting of two or more layers, at least one of the layers permitting turfing of the roof
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/254Roof garden systems; Roof coverings with high solar reflectance
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/32Roof garden systems

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Description

  

  
 



  Procédé de construction d'une toiture enterrée
 L'extension de la population urbaine qui est le fait actuellement de la majorité des pays développés, pose aux urbanistes de multiples problèmes. En effet, elle nécessite la construction d'un grand nombre de bâtiments, destinés soit à l'habitation soit aux activités professionnelles.



   Cette prolifération des constructions se fait très souvent au détriment des espaces verts. Or ceux-ci sont indispensables à l'équilibre biologique du milieu.



   Pour remédier à cette situation, on s'oriente actuellement vers la mise en place de jardins sur les toitures des immeubles, toitures dénommées alors toitures enterrées.



   Mais il est nécessaire d'isoler le terreau, utilisé pour ces jardins, de la toiture proprement dite de l'habitation.



  En effet, il faut éviter que l'eau d'imprégnation de cette terre ne vienne en contact avec la chappe en béton qui constitue généralement ces toitures, et par conséquent n'entre dans la maison. De plus, la couche d'étanchéité utilisée à cet effet doit être protégée des racines des plantes. C'est pourquoi la mise en place d'une toiture enterrée nécessite un certain nombre de couches de matériaux divers, cesdites couches assurant chacune une protection particulière.



   La présente invention a pour but de simplifier la construction de ces toitures enterrées, en utilisant un matériau   oeuvré    qui puisse à lui seul remplacer un certain nombre de ces couches protectrices.



   Le procédé selon l'invention se caractérise par le fait que   l'on    intercale entre le terreau du jardin et lesdites couches, des éléments drainants adjacents en béton filtrant.



   La présente invention a également pour objet la toiture enterrée réalisée selon le procédé ci-dessus indiqué.



   La figure unique du dessin annexé représente, à titre d'exemple, une vue schématique d'une forme d'exécution de toiture enterrée réalisée conformément au procédé revendiqué.



   Sur la toiture 1 qui est généralement une chappe en béton armé, sont superposées successivement des couches de papier goudronné 2 (barrière de vapeur), de fibre de verre 3 (isolation thermique), de papier goudronné renforcé ou de feuilles d'aluminium ou encore de feuilles de plastique 4 (étanchéité), et de sable 5. Sur cette dernière couche. reposent les éléments drainants en béton filtrant 6 qui sont disposés attenants les uns aux autres.



  Ces éléments drainants comportent des canaux intérieurs sécants débouchant sur l'extérieur. Ils sont recouverts de la couche de terreau 7.



   De tous ces composants, l'étanchéité 4 est   l'un    des plus importants. En effet, elle constitue pour la chappe 1 I'ultime protection vis-à-vis de l'eau venant de l'extérieur. C'est pourquoi cette étanchéité doit être protégée des détériorations d'ordre mécanique ou d'ordre chimique ou encore celles provoquées par un engorgement en eau trop important. Ce rôle de protection est assumé par les éléments drainants en béton filtrant qui ont trois effets:
 - protection vis-à-vis des végétaux. En effet, les racines des plantes peuvent endommager et parfois même perforer les feuilles constituant l'étanchéité. Les éléments drainants constituent une barrière pour ces racines et leur action est renforcée par l'adjonction dans le béton de substances chimiques qui empêchent ces racines de s'incruster sur les faces des éléments drainants en regard du terreau 7.



   - protection mécanique: les éléments drainants évitent le contact direct entre le terreau et l'étanchéité.



  C'est pour éviter que ces éléments drainants eux-mêmes ne détériorent cette dernière que   l'on    intercale entre eux une couche de sable.



   - protection vis-à-vis de l'eau: l'eau d'imprégnation du terreau traverse les parois des éléments drainants qui  sont en contact avec le terreau, et s'évacue sur les côtés de la toiture enterrée par les canaux 8.



   Dans les réalisations de toitures enterrées traditionnelles, les éléments drainants sont remplacés par trois couches de matériaux divers, à savoir:
 - une chappe en béton placée sur le sable surplombant l'étanchéité qui protège celle-ci des racines des plantes.

 

   - une couche de boulets destinée à faciliter l'évacuation de l'eau sur les côtés de la toiture enterrée.



   - un feutre en fibre de verre en contact direct avec le terreau, destiné à éviter que ce dernier ne vienne s'introduire entre les boulets.



   Dans certaines de ces réalisations, la chappe en béton située au-dessus de la couche de sable est parfois séparée de celui-ci par un papier huilé destiné à éviter la pénétration du lait de ciment dans ledit sable.



   La réalisation d'une toiture enterrée telle que décrite, constitue un progrès technique important par rapport aux réalisations traditionnelles. En effet, l'utilisa
Lion d'éléments drainants, en permettant la suppression d'au moins trois couches de divers matériaux de protection, a des conséquences très heureuses tant sur le plan de la technique que sur celui de l'économie. 



  
 



  Construction process of a buried roof
 The expansion of the urban population, which is currently the case in the majority of developed countries, poses many problems for town planners. Indeed, it requires the construction of a large number of buildings, intended either for housing or for professional activities.



   This proliferation of constructions is very often to the detriment of green spaces. However, these are essential for the biological balance of the environment.



   To remedy this situation, we are currently moving towards the establishment of gardens on the roofs of buildings, roofs then called buried roofs.



   But it is necessary to isolate the soil, used for these gardens, from the roof itself of the house.



  Indeed, it is necessary to prevent the water impregnating this earth from coming into contact with the concrete screed which generally constitutes these roofs, and consequently does not enter the house. In addition, the waterproofing layer used for this purpose must be protected from the roots of plants. This is why the installation of a buried roof requires a certain number of layers of various materials, said layers each providing particular protection.



   The object of the present invention is to simplify the construction of these buried roofs, by using a worked material which can by itself replace a certain number of these protective layers.



   The method according to the invention is characterized by the fact that adjacent drainage elements made of filtering concrete are interposed between the soil in the garden and said layers.



   The present invention also relates to the buried roof produced according to the method indicated above.



   The single figure of the appended drawing represents, by way of example, a schematic view of an embodiment of a buried roof produced in accordance with the claimed method.



   On the roof 1 which is generally a reinforced concrete screed, are successively superimposed layers of tar paper 2 (vapor barrier), fiberglass 3 (thermal insulation), reinforced tar paper or aluminum foil or else plastic sheets 4 (waterproofing), and sand 5. On this last layer. rest the draining elements of filter concrete 6 which are arranged adjacent to each other.



  These draining elements have intersecting interior channels opening onto the exterior. They are covered with the layer of potting soil 7.



   Of all these components, sealing 4 is one of the most important. Indeed, it constitutes for the chappe 1 the ultimate protection vis-à-vis the water coming from the outside. This is why this sealing must be protected against mechanical or chemical deterioration or even those caused by excessive water clogging. This protective role is assumed by the filtering concrete drainage elements which have three effects:
 - protection against plants. Indeed, the roots of plants can damage and sometimes even perforate the leaves constituting the waterproofing. The draining elements constitute a barrier for these roots and their action is reinforced by the addition in the concrete of chemical substances which prevent these roots from becoming encrusted on the faces of the draining elements facing the soil 7.



   - mechanical protection: the draining elements prevent direct contact between the soil and the waterproofing.



  It is to prevent these draining elements themselves from damaging the latter that a layer of sand is interposed between them.



   - protection against water: the soil impregnation water passes through the walls of the draining elements which are in contact with the soil, and is evacuated on the sides of the buried roof through the channels 8.



   In traditional buried roof constructions, the draining elements are replaced by three layers of various materials, namely:
 - a concrete screed placed on the sand overhanging the waterproofing which protects it from the roots of the plants.

 

   - a layer of balls intended to facilitate the evacuation of water on the sides of the buried roof.



   - a fiberglass felt in direct contact with the soil, intended to prevent the latter from getting in between the balls.



   In some of these embodiments, the concrete screed located above the layer of sand is sometimes separated therefrom by an oiled paper intended to prevent the penetration of the cement milk into said sand.



   The realization of a buried roof as described, constitutes an important technical progress compared to the traditional achievements. Indeed, used it
Lion of draining elements, by allowing the removal of at least three layers of various protective materials, has very happy consequences both in terms of technique and economy.

 

Claims (1)

REVENDICATIONS I. Procédé de construction d'une toiture enterrée, réalisée à partir de terreau végétal et de matériaux, disposés en couches sous ledit terreau et destinés à isoler celui-ci du toit de l'immeuble, caractérisé par le fait que l'on intercale entre le terreau et lesdites couches des éléments drainants adjacents, en béton filtrant. I. Method of constructing a buried roof, made from plant soil and materials, arranged in layers under said soil and intended to isolate it from the roof of the building, characterized by the fact that it is interposed between the potting soil and said layers of adjacent drainage elements, in filtering concrete. II. Toiture enterrée obtenue par le procédé selon la revendication I. II. Buried roof obtained by the process according to claim I. SOUS-REVENDICATION 1. Procédé de construction d'une toiture enterrée selon la revendication I, caractérisé par le fait que l'on intègre au béton filtrant constituant lesdits éléments drainants, des substances chimiques destinées à empêcher les racines des plantes de s'incruster sur lesdits éléments drainants. SUB-CLAIM 1. A method of constructing a buried roof according to claim I, characterized in that the filtering concrete constituting said draining elements is incorporated into the chemical substances intended to prevent the roots of plants from becoming encrusted on said draining elements. .
CH306270A 1970-03-03 1970-03-03 Construction process of a buried roof CH520848A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH306270A CH520848A (en) 1970-03-03 1970-03-03 Construction process of a buried roof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH306270A CH520848A (en) 1970-03-03 1970-03-03 Construction process of a buried roof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CH520848A true CH520848A (en) 1972-03-31

Family

ID=4247766

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CH306270A CH520848A (en) 1970-03-03 1970-03-03 Construction process of a buried roof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CH (1) CH520848A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2500678A1 (en) * 1975-01-09 1976-07-15 Rolf Dittmar Biological air purification in towns and industrial areas - achieved by plants grown in the surfaces of buildings
DE3935099A1 (en) * 1989-10-21 1991-04-25 Gerhard Benkert Plant box for flat roofs - is made of open-pore lightweight concrete

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2500678A1 (en) * 1975-01-09 1976-07-15 Rolf Dittmar Biological air purification in towns and industrial areas - achieved by plants grown in the surfaces of buildings
DE3935099A1 (en) * 1989-10-21 1991-04-25 Gerhard Benkert Plant box for flat roofs - is made of open-pore lightweight concrete

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