CA2258918C - Stable drug form for oral administration with benzimidazole derivatives as active ingredient and process for the preparation thereof - Google Patents
Stable drug form for oral administration with benzimidazole derivatives as active ingredient and process for the preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CA2258918C CA2258918C CA002258918A CA2258918A CA2258918C CA 2258918 C CA2258918 C CA 2258918C CA 002258918 A CA002258918 A CA 002258918A CA 2258918 A CA2258918 A CA 2258918A CA 2258918 C CA2258918 C CA 2258918C
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
- A61K9/5073—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals having two or more different coatings optionally including drug-containing subcoatings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/4427—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4439—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. omeprazole
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
- A61K9/5084—Mixtures of one or more drugs in different galenical forms, at least one of which being granules, microcapsules or (coated) microparticles according to A61K9/16 or A61K9/50, e.g. for obtaining a specific release pattern or for combining different drugs
Abstract
The invention relates to a stable drug form which is for oral administration and comprises: (a) a centre comprising an active ingredient selected from omeprazole, lansoprazole and pantoprazole, together with conventional auxiliary pharmaceutical ingredients, (b) an intermediate layer applied to the centre, and (c) an external layer which is resistant to gastric juice. The intermediate layer in (b) is in the form of a reactive layer comprising a polymeric layered material which is partly neutralised with alkalis, is resistant to gastric juice and has cation-exchange capacity. A process for the preparation of the stable drug form is also disclosed.
Description
Stable Drug Form for Oral Administration with Henzimidazole Derivatives as Active Ingredient and Process for the Preparation Thereof The present invention discloses a stable medicament for oral administration which comprises one or more of the benzimidazole derivatives Omeprazole, Lansoprazole or Pantoprazole as an active ingredient as well as a method for its production.
It is known from EP 0 005 129 that Omeprazole (5-methoxy-2(((4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridyl)methyl)-sulfinyl)-1H-benzimidazole functions as a potent inhibitor in the secretion of gastric acid. Omeprazole has proven itself in the therapy of duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, reflux esophagitis and Zollinger-Ellision syndrome. Parenteral and solid peroral medicaments are employed in this connection.
The following embodiments presented for Omeprazole apply in the same manner for Lansoprazole (2-(((3-methyl-4-(2,.2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-2-pyridyl)methyl)-sulfinyl)-1H-benzimidazole) and Pantoprazole (5-difluoromethoxy-2-((3,4-dimethoxy-2-pyridyl)methyl)-sulfinyl)-1H-benzimidazole).
The administration of a medicine per os is especially convenient because it can be carried out by patients practically anywhere and at any time without effort and unpleasant attendant phenomena. The oral administration inevitably leads to the fact that the medicament reaches the stomach at first. However, Omeprazole and its derivatives degrade very rapidly in the acidic environment of the stomach to ineffective compounds. For example, Omeprazole has a half-life of less than ten minutes in aqueous solution at pH values under 4. Therefore, solid peroral medicines (tablets, pellets, granulates) of Omeprazole and similar active ingredients must be completely protected against gastric juice.
The resorption of Omeprazole occurs in the upper duodenum whereby this active ingredient exhibits a pronounced first-pass-effect. Therefore, an as quick and complete release as possible of the active ingredient from the medicament after passage of the pylorus must be ensured in order to guarantee a sufficiently high bio-availability.
For this, Omeprazole is provided with a coating of enteric, i.e. gastric juice-resistant materials, which is insoluble in the acid environment of the stomach (ca. pH 1 to 3) on the one hand, but dissolves in the weakly acidic to weakly alkaline region of the duodenum (pH >5.5). It is known to introduce the extremely acid sensitive active ingredient Omeprazole into the core of a pellet formulation onto which one or more coating layers provided.
Frequently, Eudragit~ L100 or L100-55 is used a layer material. Eudragit~ L100 is a copolymer of methacrylic acid and methylmethacrylate in a certain ratio and is insoluble in an acidic environment, for example in the stomach, and therewith forms a considerably impermeable protective layer.
Eudragit~ L100-55 is a copolymer of methacrylic acid and ethylacrylate, whereby the ratio of the monomers is chosen in such a manner that it is insoluble at a pH <5.5, but is soluble at a pH above this. The reason for this essentially lies in the fact that the carboxyl side groups of the polymer are protonated in the acidic environment, and therewith, the polymer is non-charged as a whole. In the weakly acidic neutral and/or basic environment, for example in the intestine region, the carboxyl groups deprotonate whereby the polymer obtains negative charges. It is then water-soluble whereby the active ingredient is released.
However, Eudragit~ cannot be applied directly onto the Omeprazole core because the carboxyl groups in the coating layer degrade the Omeprazole which also presents problems in the production and storage of the medicament. Even small amounts of degradation products already lead to unambiguous color changes, and therewith to loss of quality, which no longer allow administration to patients under certain conditions. The storage problems are intensified when moisture penetrates into the active ingredient-containing core through hair-line cracks and other defects in the coating layer.
Gastric juice-resistant coatings of the above-mentioned polymers which are separated from the active ingredient-containing core by an inert isolation layer are suitable for the protection of solid, peroral medicaments with Omeprazole, Lansoprazole or Pantoprazole as an active ingredient against unfavourable storage conditions and against gastric juice in oral ingestion. Additionally, it has also been proven to be appropriate to stabilize the active ingredient-containing core by addition of an alkaline reacting substance. On the other hand, a sufficiently fast release in the intestine must be ensured.
Bac7tground Art DE 1 204 363 describes a medicament comprising a core with various layers applied thereto. The first (inner most) layer is soluble in the stomach, but insoluble in the intestine.
The second protective layer a.s water soluble (independent of the pH value) and the third (outer most) protective layer is a gastric juice-resistant coating. However, this formulation is not suitable for Omeprazole because it only dissolves slowly in the intestine. However, a fast dissolution in the intestine is essential for the desired bio-availability.
EP 0 247 983 discloses a pharmaceutical agent for oral administration which comprises Omeprazole as an effective component. The core material contains Omeprazole together with an alkaline reacting compound or an Omeprazole salt, optionally together with an alkaline reacting adjuvant.
Intermediate layers which form a separation layer between the alkaline reacting core and an outer layer of a gastric juice-resistant coating comprise water-soluble tablet carrier mediums or tablet carrier mediums quickly disintegrating in water or polymeric, water-soluble, film-forming substance mixtures which optionally contain buffering, alkaline compounds and which should capture protons penetrating from the outside. Aside from its water-solubility, the layer material is chemically and physically inert.
However, with use of an alkaline buffering substance, such as sodium acetate for example, this freely diffuses into the intermediate layer and penetrates into the outer gastric juice-resistant layer. The increase of the pH value associated therewith can favour the penetration of moisture through the enteric layer as a result of the increasing solubility. This means that the danger exists with the penetration of higher concentrations of protons that these reach the core and destroy the Omeprazole there. This last phenomena can easily occur especially when the outer gastric juice-resistant layer possesses faults as a result of imperfections which can arise in production, physical load or through ageing manifestations in storage.
EP 0 519 144 describes Omeprazole pellets consisting of an inert pellet core which is coded with the micronized active ingredient and is subsequently coated with a gastric juice-resistant layer. The following adjuvants, dispersed in water, are employed for coating the core with Omeprazole:
hydroxymethylcellulose (HMC), water-free lactose, L-hydroxypropylcellulose (L-HPC), sodium lauryl sulfate, disodium hydrogen phosphate dehydrate.
Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) is used as a gastric juice-resistant coating. In this method, a possible reaction of the Omeprazole with the polymer is not excluded which can especially lead to a deteriorated storage stability.
EP 0 496 437 encompasses pellet cores and/or tablets which contain Omeprazole or an alkaline salt of Omsprazole together with an alkaline reacting compound (buffer) arid which are coated with a layer of water-soluble, film-forming adjuvants which preferably react alkaline (buffer) as well as with a gastric juice-resistant outer film.
EP 0 239 200 uses basic magnesium salts and/or basic calcium salts for stabilizing benzimidazole derivatives with Omeprazole as typical representative.
According to this, numerous efforts were undertaken in the production of Omeprazole medicines which prevent the discoloration of the active ingredient, which considerably reduce the chemical degradation of Omeprazole, which prevent the degradation of the active ingredient in acidic gastric juice, but should simultaneously release the active ingredient as quickly as possible in the environment of the small intestine.
The present invention provides an improved medicament as compared to the state of the art suitable far oral administration which comprises Omeprazole, Lansoprazole and/or Pantoprazole as an active'ingredient, optionally in combination with further pharmaceutically effective substances, and which possesses excellent stability in extended storage and under chemico-physical load. In particular, the penetration of acidic gastric juice into faults, cracks, chips or any other imperfections of the coating layer into the core layer should be avoided with the medicament according to the invention and the degradation of the acid-label active ingredient should be prevented therewith.
The medicament according to the invention guarantees a very high medicament security which above all should also be provided if unfavourable conditions arise in the course of the manufacturing process of the medicament as well as in the handling of the same and/or its packaged form by patients.
At the same time, ~t is necessary that the medicament quickly releases the active ingredient in the small intestine after passage through the stomach. Additionally, the degradation of the medicament should prevent the occurrence of discoloration of the active ingredient.
The invention in one aspect provides a stable medicament for oral administration which (a) comprises a core which contains an active ingredient selected from Omeprazole, Lansoprazole and Pantoprazole together with customary pharmaceutical adjuvants, (b) an intermediate layer applied to the core, and (c) a gastric juice-resistant outer layer, characterized in that a reactive intermediate layer of gastric juice-resistant polymer layer material partially neutralized with'alkali with cation exchange capacity is present in (b).
Furthermore, subject-matter of the invention is a method for the production of the above-mentioned medicament, whereby (a) a molded article is formed hs the core which contains an active ingredient selected from Omeprazole, Lansoprazole and Pantoprazole, together customary pharmaceutical adjuvants, (b) an intermediate layer is applied to the molded article, and (e) the coated molded article is laminated with a gastric juice-resistant layer, and the method is characterized in that a reactive intermediate layer of a gastric juice-resistant polymer coat material partially neutralized with alkali with cation exchange capacity is applied in (b).
6a The invention also provides uses of the medicaments, compositions and capsules of the invention for the inhibition of gastric acid secretion, or for the prevention or treatment of duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, reflux esophagitis and Zollinger-Elusion syndrome.
The invention also provides commercial packages comprising a medicament, composition or capsule of the invention and associated therewith instructions for the use thereof for the inhibition of gastric acid secretion, or the prevention or treatment of duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, reflux esophagitis and Zollinger-Ellision syndrome.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows a schematic layer construction according to the invention.
FIG. 2 graphically describes the effect of pH on charge equivalents and functional groups.
FIG. 3 shows the release of various pellet formulas at pH 5.8.
FIG. 4 describes the release of Omeprazole pellets exposed to a pH of 1.2 for 120 minutes and a pH of 6.8 for 60 minutes.
FIG. 5 describes the release of Omeprazole pellets exposed to a pH of 1.2 for 120 minutes and a pH of 6.8 for 60 minutes after 12 weeks of storage at 30°C and 60% relative humidity.
FIG. 6 describes the release of Omeprazole pellets exposed to a pH of 1.2 for 120 minutes and a pH of 6.8 for 60 minutes after 12 weeks of storage at 30°C and 60o relative humidity.
6b FIG. 7 describes the release of Omeprazole pellets exposed to a pH of 1.2 for 120 minutes and a pH of 6.8 for 60 minutes after 12 weeks of storage at 40°C and 60o relative humidity.
The layer construction of the medicament according to the invention is schematically given in Figure 1.
The core of the medicament according to the invention encompasses the active ingredient Omeprazole, Lansoprazole or Pantoprazole individually or combinations. thereof together with customary auxiliary substances. For the stability of the medicament according to the invention it is not necessary and is also not preferred that the core of the active ingredient is formulated together with an alkaline reacting compound. It is also not necessary for an alkaline salt of the active ingredient be employed.
As the pharmaceutical adjuvants for the core, fillers such as mannite, hydroxypropylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose and water-free lactose are especially suitable. Additionally, it has be shown that advantageous stability effects can be obtained by using a specific combination of mannite and hydroxypropylcellulose as a non-alkalizing adjuvant in the core.
The core can also comprise tensides which are selected in the suitable manner from sodium lauryl sulfate, sorbitan fatty acid ester and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester.
The core of the medicament according to the invention can be formed as a molded article. Preferred molded articles are pellet cores, tablets microtablets or granulates.
The molded articles are coated with an intermediate layer.
This intermediate layer preferably has a layer thickness of approximately 5 to 30 Vim. It forms a mechanical as well as chemical barrier to the core. Thereby, it is necessary that the intermediate layer be present in an intact film. The polymer of the intermediate layer amounts to approximately 3 to 5 ~ by weight of the core weight.
The intermediate layer comprises a gastric juice-resistant polymer layer material which was adjusted with alkali to pH
range of 5.5 to 7.0, preferably 5.5 to 6.5. With these pH
values, not all protons of the acidic functions of the polymer material are exchanged; the material is merely partially neutralized. As emerges from Figure 2, less than 400 of the carboxyl functions in the case of Eudragit~ are present at a pH of 5_5. Despite this, a combination of Eudragit~ partially neutralized to pH 5.5 with Omeprazole is unexpectedly stable even under intensive storage conditions (see Example 2). At pH 7.0, ca. 970 of the carboxyl functions of Eudragit~ are neutralized (see Figure 2).
As alkali substances, substances are to be understood whose solutions demonstrate alkaline reactions with water (Rompps Chemistry Encyclopaedia, 8th Edition, 1979). In this connection, hydroxides of alkali metals, especially sodium and potassium, but also hydroxides of the earth alkali metals are primarily among these. Hydroxides of the alkali metals, especially sodium hydroxide, are preferred according to the invention.
In the partial neutralization, protons of the acidic functions are fixed through the polymer chains of the coat material, for example carboxyl groups, are partially replaced by alkali metal ions for example as counter-ions. The polymer layer material modified in this manner is no longer physico-chemically inert in the presence of protons, but rather, is reactive because it now possess cation exchange capacity.
This means that when moisture and especially acidic gastric juice penetrates into cracks, faults, chips or other imperfections through the outer layer of the medicament according to the invention, the penetrating protons are captured and are exchanged by harmless alkali metal ions. A
further aspect of the reactive principal of the intermediate layer material is demonstrated by the fact the intermediate layer is transformed at these places into a gastric juice-resistant barrier; it possess a "self-repair-mechanism" to a certaint degree. Practical tests have shown that with contact of the intermediate layer with an acidic medium forms a gel-like substance which not only captures protons but also forms a flexible mechanical barrier which prevents the further penetration of moisture and/or acid medium. The partial neutralization of the polymer material for the reactive intermediate layer to a pH range 5.5 to 6.5 is especially preferred because a gastric juice-resistant barrier already forms when only few protons penetrate through the outer layer;
on the other hand, the Omeprazole core is still sufficiently stable.
Thereby, a clearly improved stability behaviour of the claimed medicament in extended storage and under chemico-physical load is also obtained.
Buffering and/or alkalizing additives in the intermediate layer as proposed in EP 0 247 983 are no longer necessary and can even be damaging because they increase solubility of the intermediate layer and reduce its protective function. This nearly contradicts the "self-repair-mechanism" according to the invention; namely, the more basic equivalents that are present in the intermediate layer, the more protons must penetrate from the outside so that the "self-repair-mechanism"
of the reactive layer has a quick effect.
Eudragit~ L100-55, Eudragit~ L100 produced from Rohm Pharma, Germany, as well as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) and cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) which, as described above, are partially neutralized with alkali before use as an intermediate layer, i.e. before spraying of the same, are suitable as preferred substances for the intermediate layer. Particularly preferred is Eudragit~ L100-55 obtainable world-wide as a commercial product.
The intermediate layer can contain customary additives, for example an emollient. Preferably, triethyl citrate, acetyltriethyl citrate, acetylated monoglycerides, propylene glycol and polyethylene glycols are preferably suitable fore this.
The coated molded articles, i.e. the core and the intermediate layer, are then coated with an outer layer for the production of the medicament according to the invention. The outer layer represents a customary enteric, gastric juice-resistant layer..
In this connection, commercial, aqueous polymer dispersions, such as polymethacrylates, for example Eudragit~ L100-55 (Rohm Pharma), and coating CE 5142 (BASF) are suitable as materials.
Additionally, polymers can also be used for formation of the gastric juice-resistant layer which are soluble in organic solvents. For example, phthalates (cellulose acetate phthalate, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose phthalate) are to be named as suitable materials. Additionally, the outer layer of the medicament according to the invention can contain antiblocking agents, dispersion agents, pigments and colorants. A suitable antiblocking agent is talcum for example.
In comparison to conventional medicinal forms with an inert intermediate layer, it was surprisingly determined that the inventive combination of enteric outer layer and reactive intermediate layer shows an accelerated dissolution behaviour in artificial intestinal fluid (pH ca. 5.8). This effect not only allows a very quick release of the active ingredient in the weakly acidic to weakly alkaline environment of the small intestine, and therewith an excellent bio-availability, but also permits improved medicament security because the enteric outer layer can be strengthened without retarding a desired quick release. Thereby, not only can the gastric juice-resistance be improved, but also the medicament stability especially under unfavourable storage conditions. Hence, the thickness of the gastric juice-resistant outer layer of the medicament according to the invention amounts to 20 to 60 ~m (ca. 10 to 50% weight with respect to the core), preferably 30 to 60 Vim.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the reactive intermediate layer consists of partially neutralized Eudragit~
L100-55 at a pH value of 5.5 to 7.0, preferably 5.5 to 6.5, and the outer layer consists of commercial Eudragit~ L100-55 (pH ca. 2 to 3). The pH transition between outer layer and intermediate layer does not necessarily have to be discontinuous, but rather, can also be formed as a gradient.
This can be obtained if several thin Eudragit layers are applied from inside to outside each of which was partially neutralized to a decreasing pH value.
The reactive intermediate layer as well as the gastric juice-resistant outer layer can can be formed as a plurality of single layers.
The present invention further comprises a method for the production of a stable medicament for oral administration which comprises Omeprazole, Lansoprazole and/or Pantoprazole as an active ingredient.
According to the method of the invention, the active ingredient and adjuvants, such as mannite, hydroxypropylcellulose and sodium lauryl sulfate, are moistened together with a suitable solvent, preferably isopropanol, granulated and worked to the desired molded articles (for example pellets, granulates, tablets) according to customary methods. The molded articles are subsequently laminated with an aqueous dispersion consisting of a gastric juice-resistant substance partially neutralized with alkali to a pH value of ca. 5.5 to ca.7.0, preferably Eudragit~ L100-55, as well as antiblocking agent and/or emollient, such as talcum and triethyl citrate, in a fluidized bed apparatus for example under formation of the intermediate layer with cation exchange activity. A quality product corresponding to Eudragit~ L100-55 is also commercially obtainable as a finished suspension under the designation Eudragit~ L30D-55. Subsequent to this, th-a coating occurs with a gastric juice-resistant substance (for example Eudragit~ L100-55), talcum and an emollient (such as triethyl citrate) for formation of the enteric outer layer of the medicament according to the invention.
The production of pellets which are filled in gelatine capsules in an amount sufficient for the desired active ingredient dose is preferred.
Aside from the pellets containing the mentioned benzimidazole compounds, the capsule formulations produced in this manner can also contain other active ingredients. Preferable is a combination of Diclofenac- and Omeprazole-containing pellets.
The Diclofenac-containing pellets are preferably produced according to the method of the invention, i.e. they also contain a reactive intermediate layer. However, they can also be produced by known methods, such as disclosed in EP 0 348 808 for example. In a further embodiment, the Diclofenac-containing pellets are present as a mixture of gastric juice-resistant coated pellets and retarded permeable pellets which are first released in lower intestinal sections.
Combinations of non-steroidal inflammation inhibitors and analgesics are known. Thus, EP 0 527 887 names the combination of Diclofenac (0-(2,6-dichloroanilino)phenyl acetic acid), a highly effective NSAID (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug), with Misoprostol, for example, which is employed for the treatment of painful inflammation diseases under the trade name Arthrotec~, Heumann Pharma GmbH, Germany.
The prostaglandin derivative Misoprostol serves in this connection for prevention of NSAID-associated ulcer diseases.
The solid combination of Diclofenac and Omeprazole has a number of advantageous in long-term treatment of pain/inflammation. Thus, a combination of Diclofenac with Omeprazole maintains a low ulcer rate in patients who have a high risk for the development of gastrointestinal ulcers and who require treatment with an NSAID at the same time (ulcer prevention). Furthermore, this combination attains high ulcer healing rates in connection with sufficient pain relief (therapy). Patient compliance can be considerably increased as a result of the high effectiveness and good tolerance of the combination partners in connection with a single daily administration,.
The capsule formulation which are suitable for direct administration per os comprise 25 to 200 mg, preferably 75 to 150 mg, Diclofenac and 10 to 40 mg, preferably 10 or 20 mg, Omeprazole as a unit dose in the pellets according to the invention.
The advantages of the medicament according to the invention with respect to Omeprazole and other benzimidazole-containing medicines of the art particularly exist in the fact that when any imperfections in the outer layer are present through which moisture upon storage or acidic gastric juice after peroral administration may penetrate into the core layer, the reactive intermediate layer not only captures protons but is additionally retransformed into a gastric juice-resistant layer material. Through this "self-repair-mechanism", a gel-like layer is formed which is able to prevent the penetration of moisture and acid into the core of the medicament. In case that no penetration of gastric juice occurs, the intermediate layer remains soluble. Unexpectedly, the combination of enteric outer layer and the active intermediate layer additionally shows an improved dissolution behaviour in artificial intestinal fluid which infers a correspondingly good dissolution behaviour in the small intestine.
The invention is more closely illustrated by the following examples without limiting the invention to said examples.
Example 1 In vitro tests for chemical/physical stability of the medicament according to the invention: Trituration of Omeprazole and intermediate layer material:
Storage experiments with trituration of Omeprazole and various treated intermediate layer materials were carried out over 32 days at 40°C and 75o relative humidity (r. H). Subsequently, thedegree to which the active ingredient Omeprazole (residual content in % by weight) remains stable, the percentage of degradation products arising (area-~ from purity chromatogram) and the degree to which. discoloration occurred were examined with HPLC. In this connection, Omeprazole with a non-pre-treated enteric coat material used for formation of gastric juice-resistant coatings (HPMCP, batch 1a, and Eudragit~ L100-22, charge 1b, pH 2-3)°and Omeprazole with a pre-treated enteric layer material (Eudragit~ L100-55) according to the invention were triturated and stored open in Petri dishes under the given conditions. The pre-treated Eudragit~ L100-55 was previously partially neutralized with sodium hydroxide to pH 5.5 (batch 1c) and pH 7.0 (batch ld) .
The results are reproduced in Table 1. The given values correspond to the average of 3 sample preparations. The discoloration is given as a color value according to "TaschenlexiJ~on der Farben", A. Kornerup and J.H. Wauscher, Muster-Schmidt Publishers, Zurich, Gottingen, 3rd Edition, 1981.
N c ' m M ~ ~ ~ N ' N
tn m a _ ~, U
_ N V m q , .
C6 ~ O N a- .~
N ~ $ ~- m T m ~
_ ~ a a a .O
v v d rt~
U
L
_O
L
O
U ~ ~ o c N . m N ~ d N m >.
'V , m ~ N r , d a. , U T T L T rt C Q L
N N
d d a N
M O ~ u7 W
O N N
O O , O
cc O
L
\
~V L
N ~ ~- T T
~
O O O O
V V V V
L
Q
N
L. tn 1~ 1~ 00 T
U CO O) CE
CB
r C O
' O
N
o ~ Q Q Q Q
N
C
L
N
L
L ~ O O ~ O O
U
U
O O . O O
a -. W- c ~ T T
Q.
X
O .-m O m uj ~
V ~ ~ U7 C ~ ~ ~ o ~ o O
C
O a ~ O O o 0 -N L T ~ t T
L c ~ J L ..I _!
C
L a~ a - ~
a. :
'L ~ U ~~'; U ~~ ~o ~
. ~ ~ N cL3.a tCi ~ t h ~ ' n n Q
Z IJJ . W
. W
r V cB ~ U 'Q
T T T T
I I i L ~ ~ ~ ~ a .
It is deduced from the column "Omeprazole content" that the active ingredient remains considerably more stable with use of partially neutralized, gastric juice-resistant polymer material according to the invention that in a trituration with a customary enteric substance which possess up to 1000 free carboxyl groups. Thus, after 32 days storage under the named conditions, according to the invention only 2 or 30 of the active ingredient Omeprazole is degraded. In contrast, Omeprazole degradation up to 15o by weight is determined when using the customary enteric layer material HPMCP of the art in the present trituration experiments after 32 days.
Additionally, no clear Omeprazole degradation (3o by weight) is demonstrated with use of non-neutralized Eudragit.
Instead, clear differences result in a comparison of the content of an Omeprazole degradation product appearing in the HPLC-chromatogram with use of partially neutralised Eudragit (pH 5.5 and 7.0) according to the invention with commercial Eudragit (pH 2 to 3) (see the column "Degradation Product").
Thus, according to the invention, hardly any degradation product is found after 32 days (0.25 area-o in both batches), whereas ca. 0.99 area-a in the presence of commercial Eudragit (pH 2 to 3) and even ca. 7% degradation product in the presence of a customary layer material (HPMCP) are present.
This result is confirmed by the color comparison (see the column "color-value"). Neither the brown product of batch la nor the brown-orange product of batch lb are still capable of being sold. In contrast, the treated products according to the invention (batches lc and d) demonstrate a considerably lesser color change.
The above experiments prove that in the presence of high humidity and high temperature (intensified stability test) the partially neutralized layer material in the saturated state also functions protectively on the active ingredient Omeprazole. In contrast, customary enteric layer material, which has up to 1000 free COOH-groups, not only demonstrates no such protective effect, but also causes a clear degradation of the active ingredient.
Example 2 Stability of pellet formulations:
In a further series of experiments, the medicament according to the invention was compared with the state of the art (EP 0 247 983). For this, various colored batches were produced which have a three-layer construction:
~ core, with the active ingredient Omeprazole in the presence of an alkaline buffering substance (Na2HP04, according to the state of the art) and without alkaline buffering substance (according to the invention).
~ intermediate layer either consisting of a enteric layer material partially neutralized with alkali to a pH 6.0 and/or 7.0 according to the invention or inert layer material which contains sodium acetate as a buffering substance according to the state of the art. The reference example contains non-neutralized enteric layer material and sodium acetate as a buffering substance.
~ Outer layer of Eudragit L 100-55.
Additionally, a medicament was tested in the series of experiments in which the intermediate layer was omitted.
The respective pellet batches were stored open in a Petri dish for a week and 20 days at 40°C and 75-°s relative humidity (r.H). Subsequently, the Omeprazole content and/or the appearance of degradation product was determined with HPLC.
The values compiled in Table 2 represent the average of 3 sample preparations.
Y
N
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- -p ~ ~ T ~
Y
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L
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~ ~ Q N
O ~ N M U ~ _ _ ' -a ' d _ _ 'a Q O U L
~ -o Q a Z
> ca cc c~ ~.n ~n y 'a ~ ' O ~ ~~ ~,n O 'E' 'E ~' a~
~ z a~
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iw.f7-1- tn tn ~ _ ~' Z
tc7 a -i- ~ ~ ~ B Q-~ ZO O O ~
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d ~~O ~~O ~ OO OO ~ ~ N
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p~
Y ~oT ~o<- <- V V ~ U =
~ .- T V ~ ~
cB.
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~ J N~_ ~~_ N O ~ ~
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'O O ..[lj00 O d O ~a= ~ c [~j U,j 00 ..[jj~j U ~j O
_ _ " ~ L \ L ~ 0 ~ 0 J L
L L O
u 0 O (~ O 0 L1 L p L 0 O L' Q.O Q.O O Q.=
QO QO O O U O
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O N N U U U 4y N NM
M M M M M M
M M M M
U
i~COJ~ OJ~ a. OJ~ O-~- 0:~~Q' OZ-~
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.v7 In comparison with the state of the art, a clearly more stable administration form is obtained according to the invention.
The pellets according to the invention still have 93o by weight of the active ingredient Omeprazole in an intact form after one week and 80o by weight of the active ingredient Omeprazole in an intact form after 20 days under the described intensified storage condition. Even after 4 weeks storage, an Omeprazole content of 67o by weight was determined according to the invention (not represented in the Table). In contrast, the Omeprazole content in medicament not according to the invention, i.e. those ~ with an intermediate layer of HPMC and NaOAc ~ with an intermediate layer of HPMC
~ without an intermediate layer ~ with an intermediate layer HPMCP and NaOAc merely amount to 66, 57, 54 and 41o by weight after 20 days.
Example 3 "Self-Repair-Mechanism" of the reactive intermediate layer:
Pellets with the following construction were compared:
~ without intermediate layer (so-called pellet core)-~ with the reactive intermediate layer according to the invention ~ with an inert intermediate layer of HPMC (reference example) For better judgement of the "self-repair-mechanism", the pellets were not provided with the outer enteric coat. All pellet- types were tested in artificial gastric juice (pH 1.2) in a release model of the European Pharmacopoeia (basket).
The intermediate layer was partially nuetralized to pH 7.0, the upper limit of the preferred range.
The results (pellet cores without intermediate layer: not shown) are summarized in the following Table 3:
U ~ 3 ~ ~ ~ ~ c ccs o ~
~
V ~ o -N o ~
E
c~ U
L
~
U C
' >, a~
N ~
~ O- O O
o O
O ~ O '~ T
O
O O
>1 ~ o o ~ ~ ~
c~ U ~ Q j, L
O
L
O Q~ ~ 0 0 0 W I7 O O O O
o y ~ r- ~ c~
d N
'a U
N
0.
~ ~ ~~ ~ c~n ~ ~ c~
n N N ~ _ _ N
~
L L L
L O O O ~ O ~ ~
~ ~
~ O
~ ~ ~ O O O ~ ~
U >, U ~ U Q
L
a>
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c t5 _ >, O '~ cc3 p Q- ~ ~-- o 0 0 ~
0 c~ ~ ~ o o o '-O t' U
Q ..c cn cn O ~ .C
Ls ' ~ ~ 3 c~ "' c .~~ ~ ~ 3 ~ o a~ ~ 3 o 3 >.~ ~ ~ 0 0 ~ ~ ~ ~ a~ ~ .n ~, ~
o E U
co a 6 J ~
~
~ p ~ L
- o O O l(7~ ~ ~ ~ O
O ~ U
d ~ - .
~ ~ a~
U ~. ~ ~ n E ~, E
L
L
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O O O
O p r M
O O O O O
y ~- ~C7 ~ M ~ O N
H
According to these results, pellets without intermediate layer (as comparison) completely dissolve within 2 minutes. The release medium has a strong brown coloration.
In contrast, pellets with the reactive intermediate layer according to the invention remain intact as a function of the layer thickness (up to 20o with respect to the core) of the intermediate layer up to a maximum of 120 minutes. The release medium only has a slight discoloration.
Pellets with a customary inert intermediate layer according to the state of the art (reference example) with maximum layer thickness of the intermediate layer also completely dissolved within 5 minutes. The release medium has a strong brown discoloration.
These experiments proved a measurable protective mechanism with the intermediate layer according to the invention as opposed to pellets with an intermediate layer according to the state of the art. This protection mechanism brings about the reactive transformation of the intermediate layer to a gastric juice-resistant layer in the gastric juice acidic medium. The closer the pH value of the partially neutralized intermediate layer lies to 5.5, the faster this occurs.
Thus, it clearly emerges from all experiments in Examples 1 to 3 that according to the invention a medicament with surprisingly improved stability is obtained in comparison to those of the state of the art. The stability behaviour is demonstrated especially at increased temperature and humidity (trituration experiments) but also under intensified storage conditions of 40°C and 75o r.H of pellets.
Example 4 Release behaviour of various pellet formulas:
Essential for the good bio-availability of the active ingredient is its release as quickly as possible in the upper small intestine region, i.e_ in a weakly acid/neutral environment. To investigate the release behaviour pellets with various formulas were introduced into an aqueous medium with a pH value of 5.8 as an in vitro model for the upper small intestine (artificial intestinal fluid) and the Omeprazole released under stirring into the surroundings was determined as a function of time with HPLC (analogously to the Pharmacopia).
The'examined pellet formulas and the release results are reproduced in Table 4:
Table 4 Batch Pellet formula Released Omeprazole [%]
release period 30 min 45 min 60 min according to the invention 4 a Omeprazole-Core + Adjuvant72 84 89 *, IL.: 3 % E. L 100-55 pH
7,0 gjr: 30% E. L 100-55 4 b Omeprazole-Core + Adjuvant*,40 81 88 IL.: 3 % E. L 100-55 pH
6,0 gjr: 30% E. L 100-55 comparative examples 4 c Omeprazole-Core + Adjuvant*,3 5 8 no IL.
gjr: 30% E. L 100-55 4 d Omeprazole-Core + Adjuvant*,13 37 59 no IL
gjr: 20% E. L 100-55 *Adjuvant: Mannite, HPC, sodium lauryl sulfate IL: Intermediate layer E: Eudragit (percent by weight with respect to the core) gjr: gastric juice-resistant (layer) (percent by weight with respect to the core) Figure 3 shows a graphic representation of the result.
The thickness of the outer enteric layer with pellet batches 4 a, b and c is each the same (30o by weight with respect to the pellet core, corresponding to ca. 40 Vim). Despite this, batches 4 a and 4 b provided with the reactive intermediate layer according to the invention demonstrate a clearly quicker dissolution in artificial intestinal fluid than when no intermediate layer (batch 4c) is present. This is also still the case when the enteric coating layer is more thinly formed (batch 4b, 20o by weight with respect to the pellet core, corresponding to ca. 30 Vim). This permits the thickness of the outer enteric layer in the medicaments according to the invention to be further increased which offers an improved medicament safety in comparison to known preparations without negatively influencing release behaviour - which was not to be expected.
Example 5 Improved stability of the active ingredient-containing core:
Granulates of Omeprazole with various adjuvants were produced in a mortar. After open storage over 32 days at 40°C and 750 relative humidity, the residual content of Omeprazole as well as the appearence of degradation product were determined with HPLC. Na2HP04 buffering in an alkaline environment, Texapon, lactose, L-HPC, microcrystalline cellulose and mannite (batch 5b) as well as a combination of these adjuvants without Na2HP04 (batch 5c) were employed as adjuvants. These batches were comopared with an Omeprazole granulate which aside from the active ingredient only contained HCP and mannite (batch 5a). The results are reproduced in Table 5.
Table 5 Batch Formula Gehalt Omeprazole Degradation product of Omeprazole (Granulate) [precept by weight][area-%]
Storage conditions40C / 75 % rel.
Feuchte Storage duration after 32 days after 32 days production. production.
preferred according to the invention a Omeprazole*, 100 b 100 < 0.1 b < 0.5 Mannite HPC
Referenzbeispiel 5 b Omeprazole 100 b 100 < 0.1 b < 0.5 adjuvants Na2HP04 5 c Omeprazole 100 b 72 < 0.1 b ca.30 adjuvants without Na2HP04 As expected, the Omeprazole granulate without alkaline reacting additive (batch 5c) demonstrated a clearly deteriorated storage stability compared to an Omeprazole granulate with Na2HP04 as an additive (batch 5b). Thus, the Omeprazole content decreases to 72%;' ca. 30 area-o degradation product arises. Surprisingly, an Omeprazole granulate with mannite and hydroxypropylcellulose as the only adjuvants, particularly without alkaline reacting additives (batch 5a), also has an outstanding storage stability. Therefore, in the preferred medicament according to the invention, it is not necessary and is also not preferred to use alkaline reacting adjuvants or Omeprazole salts in the core because, if necessary, alkaline substances diffusing from the core into the reactive intermediated layer can be hindered by the "self-repair mechanism" as illustrated above.
Example 6 Production of medicaments according to the invention:
Formula examples Medic~nerlt A
Core:
Omeprazole 210.00 g Mannite 781.60 g Hydroxypropylcellulose 3.30 g Sodium lauryl sulfate 5.00 g Intermediate layer:
Eudragit~ L100-55 neutralized to pH 7.0 with NaOH 50.00 g Triethyl citrate 5.00 g Gastric juice-resistant (outer) layer:
Eudragit~ L100-55 300.00 g Triethyl citrate 30.00 g Mikronized Talcum 150.00 g Medicament B _ Core:
Omeprazole 210.00 g Mannite 781.60 g Hydroxypropylcellulose 3.30 g Sodium lauryl sulfate 5.00 g Intermediate layer:
Eudragit~ L 100-55 neutralized to pH 5.5 with NaOH 50.00 g Triethyl citrate 5.00 g Talcum 15.00 g Gastric juice-resistant (outer) layer:
Eudragit~ L100-55 400.00 g Triethyl citrate 40.00 g Micronized talcum 200.00 g The pre-weighed components Omeprazole, mannite and sodium lauryl sulfate are placed in a mixer and mixed. A granulation liquid of hydroxypropylecellulose dissolved in isopropanol is slowly added to the pre-mixed components in the mixer under constant stirring. If necessary, further isopropanol can be added for better pellet formation. The mixing time amounts to to 20 minutes until the majority of the pellets have a desired average size of ca. 1000 ~Cm.
The moist pellets are dried in a dryer at ca. 60°C for ca. 40 min. Pellets with a diameter of < 700 ~.m or > 1200 ~.m are sieved out_ The pellets are obtained in a fluidized state during which at first a coating dispersion I and subsequently a coating dispersion II is sprayed on to the pellets with a constant rate.
For production of the coating dispersion I, purified water is filled into a stainless steel vessel and sodium hydroxide is dissolved in the water. The sodium hydroxide solution is added to micronized talcum under stirring, a Eudragit~
dispersion is then slowly added to the sodium hydroxide/talcum dispersion under stirring whereby clumps and foam formation must be avoided. After addition of triethyl citrate to the dispersion, stirring continued for at least 15 minutes whereby the pH value is adjusted to pH 7.0 and/or pH 5.5 with sodium hydroxide solution. The dispersion must be continuously stirred during the formation of the coat.
For production of the coating dispersion II, micronized talcum is dispersed in purified water. Subsequently, the aqueous dispersion obtained in this manner is added to the Eudragit~
dispersion under stirring whereby the appearance of clumps or foam must be avoided. After addition of triethyl citrate, the dispersion is further stirred for at least 15 min. The Omeprazole pellets are then transferred into a coating apparatus and laminated at first-with the coating dispersion I
and then with the coating dispersion II. The finished Omeprazole pellets are filled into hard gelatine capsules.
Example 7 In vitro experiments on chemical stability of the medicament according to the invention:
It is known that Omeprazole loses its effectiveness with longer storage which is traceable to a degradation of the active ingredient_ This chemical degradation of Omeprazole can be reduced to a minimum by applying suitable protection layers.
It could be demonstrated in stability tests under stress conditions (40°C/75o rel. humidity) that the medicament according to the invention loses less than 2 percent by weight on active ingredient (average value of each of three content determinations) when stored in closed, brown screw-cap vials for 4 weeks. In contrast, a commercial product (Antra 20, VD5672-A01) lost more than 80 percent by weight on active ingredient under identical conditions in the same time period (see Table 6).
Table 6 Omeprazole residual content Medicament (batch) after 12 week storage at 40C/75%
r.H. in a closed, screw-cap vial (percent by weight) according to the ivention 6 a gg.g 6 b 98.3 6 c 99.3 commercial product 6 d 16.2 In further stability tests under long-term and stress conditions (25°C/60% r.H; 30°C/60°s r.H; 40°C/75o r.H), it could be demonstrated that the medicament according to the invention loses less than 5 percent by weight on active ingredient (average value of each of three content determinations) when stored in the primary package for 12 weeks. The results are depicted in Table 7.
Table 7 Omeprazole Medicament (batch)content after 12 Weeks storage percent by weight storage conditions25C/60% r.H.30C/60% 40C175% r.H.
r.H.
It is known from EP 0 005 129 that Omeprazole (5-methoxy-2(((4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridyl)methyl)-sulfinyl)-1H-benzimidazole functions as a potent inhibitor in the secretion of gastric acid. Omeprazole has proven itself in the therapy of duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, reflux esophagitis and Zollinger-Ellision syndrome. Parenteral and solid peroral medicaments are employed in this connection.
The following embodiments presented for Omeprazole apply in the same manner for Lansoprazole (2-(((3-methyl-4-(2,.2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-2-pyridyl)methyl)-sulfinyl)-1H-benzimidazole) and Pantoprazole (5-difluoromethoxy-2-((3,4-dimethoxy-2-pyridyl)methyl)-sulfinyl)-1H-benzimidazole).
The administration of a medicine per os is especially convenient because it can be carried out by patients practically anywhere and at any time without effort and unpleasant attendant phenomena. The oral administration inevitably leads to the fact that the medicament reaches the stomach at first. However, Omeprazole and its derivatives degrade very rapidly in the acidic environment of the stomach to ineffective compounds. For example, Omeprazole has a half-life of less than ten minutes in aqueous solution at pH values under 4. Therefore, solid peroral medicines (tablets, pellets, granulates) of Omeprazole and similar active ingredients must be completely protected against gastric juice.
The resorption of Omeprazole occurs in the upper duodenum whereby this active ingredient exhibits a pronounced first-pass-effect. Therefore, an as quick and complete release as possible of the active ingredient from the medicament after passage of the pylorus must be ensured in order to guarantee a sufficiently high bio-availability.
For this, Omeprazole is provided with a coating of enteric, i.e. gastric juice-resistant materials, which is insoluble in the acid environment of the stomach (ca. pH 1 to 3) on the one hand, but dissolves in the weakly acidic to weakly alkaline region of the duodenum (pH >5.5). It is known to introduce the extremely acid sensitive active ingredient Omeprazole into the core of a pellet formulation onto which one or more coating layers provided.
Frequently, Eudragit~ L100 or L100-55 is used a layer material. Eudragit~ L100 is a copolymer of methacrylic acid and methylmethacrylate in a certain ratio and is insoluble in an acidic environment, for example in the stomach, and therewith forms a considerably impermeable protective layer.
Eudragit~ L100-55 is a copolymer of methacrylic acid and ethylacrylate, whereby the ratio of the monomers is chosen in such a manner that it is insoluble at a pH <5.5, but is soluble at a pH above this. The reason for this essentially lies in the fact that the carboxyl side groups of the polymer are protonated in the acidic environment, and therewith, the polymer is non-charged as a whole. In the weakly acidic neutral and/or basic environment, for example in the intestine region, the carboxyl groups deprotonate whereby the polymer obtains negative charges. It is then water-soluble whereby the active ingredient is released.
However, Eudragit~ cannot be applied directly onto the Omeprazole core because the carboxyl groups in the coating layer degrade the Omeprazole which also presents problems in the production and storage of the medicament. Even small amounts of degradation products already lead to unambiguous color changes, and therewith to loss of quality, which no longer allow administration to patients under certain conditions. The storage problems are intensified when moisture penetrates into the active ingredient-containing core through hair-line cracks and other defects in the coating layer.
Gastric juice-resistant coatings of the above-mentioned polymers which are separated from the active ingredient-containing core by an inert isolation layer are suitable for the protection of solid, peroral medicaments with Omeprazole, Lansoprazole or Pantoprazole as an active ingredient against unfavourable storage conditions and against gastric juice in oral ingestion. Additionally, it has also been proven to be appropriate to stabilize the active ingredient-containing core by addition of an alkaline reacting substance. On the other hand, a sufficiently fast release in the intestine must be ensured.
Bac7tground Art DE 1 204 363 describes a medicament comprising a core with various layers applied thereto. The first (inner most) layer is soluble in the stomach, but insoluble in the intestine.
The second protective layer a.s water soluble (independent of the pH value) and the third (outer most) protective layer is a gastric juice-resistant coating. However, this formulation is not suitable for Omeprazole because it only dissolves slowly in the intestine. However, a fast dissolution in the intestine is essential for the desired bio-availability.
EP 0 247 983 discloses a pharmaceutical agent for oral administration which comprises Omeprazole as an effective component. The core material contains Omeprazole together with an alkaline reacting compound or an Omeprazole salt, optionally together with an alkaline reacting adjuvant.
Intermediate layers which form a separation layer between the alkaline reacting core and an outer layer of a gastric juice-resistant coating comprise water-soluble tablet carrier mediums or tablet carrier mediums quickly disintegrating in water or polymeric, water-soluble, film-forming substance mixtures which optionally contain buffering, alkaline compounds and which should capture protons penetrating from the outside. Aside from its water-solubility, the layer material is chemically and physically inert.
However, with use of an alkaline buffering substance, such as sodium acetate for example, this freely diffuses into the intermediate layer and penetrates into the outer gastric juice-resistant layer. The increase of the pH value associated therewith can favour the penetration of moisture through the enteric layer as a result of the increasing solubility. This means that the danger exists with the penetration of higher concentrations of protons that these reach the core and destroy the Omeprazole there. This last phenomena can easily occur especially when the outer gastric juice-resistant layer possesses faults as a result of imperfections which can arise in production, physical load or through ageing manifestations in storage.
EP 0 519 144 describes Omeprazole pellets consisting of an inert pellet core which is coded with the micronized active ingredient and is subsequently coated with a gastric juice-resistant layer. The following adjuvants, dispersed in water, are employed for coating the core with Omeprazole:
hydroxymethylcellulose (HMC), water-free lactose, L-hydroxypropylcellulose (L-HPC), sodium lauryl sulfate, disodium hydrogen phosphate dehydrate.
Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) is used as a gastric juice-resistant coating. In this method, a possible reaction of the Omeprazole with the polymer is not excluded which can especially lead to a deteriorated storage stability.
EP 0 496 437 encompasses pellet cores and/or tablets which contain Omeprazole or an alkaline salt of Omsprazole together with an alkaline reacting compound (buffer) arid which are coated with a layer of water-soluble, film-forming adjuvants which preferably react alkaline (buffer) as well as with a gastric juice-resistant outer film.
EP 0 239 200 uses basic magnesium salts and/or basic calcium salts for stabilizing benzimidazole derivatives with Omeprazole as typical representative.
According to this, numerous efforts were undertaken in the production of Omeprazole medicines which prevent the discoloration of the active ingredient, which considerably reduce the chemical degradation of Omeprazole, which prevent the degradation of the active ingredient in acidic gastric juice, but should simultaneously release the active ingredient as quickly as possible in the environment of the small intestine.
The present invention provides an improved medicament as compared to the state of the art suitable far oral administration which comprises Omeprazole, Lansoprazole and/or Pantoprazole as an active'ingredient, optionally in combination with further pharmaceutically effective substances, and which possesses excellent stability in extended storage and under chemico-physical load. In particular, the penetration of acidic gastric juice into faults, cracks, chips or any other imperfections of the coating layer into the core layer should be avoided with the medicament according to the invention and the degradation of the acid-label active ingredient should be prevented therewith.
The medicament according to the invention guarantees a very high medicament security which above all should also be provided if unfavourable conditions arise in the course of the manufacturing process of the medicament as well as in the handling of the same and/or its packaged form by patients.
At the same time, ~t is necessary that the medicament quickly releases the active ingredient in the small intestine after passage through the stomach. Additionally, the degradation of the medicament should prevent the occurrence of discoloration of the active ingredient.
The invention in one aspect provides a stable medicament for oral administration which (a) comprises a core which contains an active ingredient selected from Omeprazole, Lansoprazole and Pantoprazole together with customary pharmaceutical adjuvants, (b) an intermediate layer applied to the core, and (c) a gastric juice-resistant outer layer, characterized in that a reactive intermediate layer of gastric juice-resistant polymer layer material partially neutralized with'alkali with cation exchange capacity is present in (b).
Furthermore, subject-matter of the invention is a method for the production of the above-mentioned medicament, whereby (a) a molded article is formed hs the core which contains an active ingredient selected from Omeprazole, Lansoprazole and Pantoprazole, together customary pharmaceutical adjuvants, (b) an intermediate layer is applied to the molded article, and (e) the coated molded article is laminated with a gastric juice-resistant layer, and the method is characterized in that a reactive intermediate layer of a gastric juice-resistant polymer coat material partially neutralized with alkali with cation exchange capacity is applied in (b).
6a The invention also provides uses of the medicaments, compositions and capsules of the invention for the inhibition of gastric acid secretion, or for the prevention or treatment of duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, reflux esophagitis and Zollinger-Elusion syndrome.
The invention also provides commercial packages comprising a medicament, composition or capsule of the invention and associated therewith instructions for the use thereof for the inhibition of gastric acid secretion, or the prevention or treatment of duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, reflux esophagitis and Zollinger-Ellision syndrome.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows a schematic layer construction according to the invention.
FIG. 2 graphically describes the effect of pH on charge equivalents and functional groups.
FIG. 3 shows the release of various pellet formulas at pH 5.8.
FIG. 4 describes the release of Omeprazole pellets exposed to a pH of 1.2 for 120 minutes and a pH of 6.8 for 60 minutes.
FIG. 5 describes the release of Omeprazole pellets exposed to a pH of 1.2 for 120 minutes and a pH of 6.8 for 60 minutes after 12 weeks of storage at 30°C and 60% relative humidity.
FIG. 6 describes the release of Omeprazole pellets exposed to a pH of 1.2 for 120 minutes and a pH of 6.8 for 60 minutes after 12 weeks of storage at 30°C and 60o relative humidity.
6b FIG. 7 describes the release of Omeprazole pellets exposed to a pH of 1.2 for 120 minutes and a pH of 6.8 for 60 minutes after 12 weeks of storage at 40°C and 60o relative humidity.
The layer construction of the medicament according to the invention is schematically given in Figure 1.
The core of the medicament according to the invention encompasses the active ingredient Omeprazole, Lansoprazole or Pantoprazole individually or combinations. thereof together with customary auxiliary substances. For the stability of the medicament according to the invention it is not necessary and is also not preferred that the core of the active ingredient is formulated together with an alkaline reacting compound. It is also not necessary for an alkaline salt of the active ingredient be employed.
As the pharmaceutical adjuvants for the core, fillers such as mannite, hydroxypropylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose and water-free lactose are especially suitable. Additionally, it has be shown that advantageous stability effects can be obtained by using a specific combination of mannite and hydroxypropylcellulose as a non-alkalizing adjuvant in the core.
The core can also comprise tensides which are selected in the suitable manner from sodium lauryl sulfate, sorbitan fatty acid ester and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester.
The core of the medicament according to the invention can be formed as a molded article. Preferred molded articles are pellet cores, tablets microtablets or granulates.
The molded articles are coated with an intermediate layer.
This intermediate layer preferably has a layer thickness of approximately 5 to 30 Vim. It forms a mechanical as well as chemical barrier to the core. Thereby, it is necessary that the intermediate layer be present in an intact film. The polymer of the intermediate layer amounts to approximately 3 to 5 ~ by weight of the core weight.
The intermediate layer comprises a gastric juice-resistant polymer layer material which was adjusted with alkali to pH
range of 5.5 to 7.0, preferably 5.5 to 6.5. With these pH
values, not all protons of the acidic functions of the polymer material are exchanged; the material is merely partially neutralized. As emerges from Figure 2, less than 400 of the carboxyl functions in the case of Eudragit~ are present at a pH of 5_5. Despite this, a combination of Eudragit~ partially neutralized to pH 5.5 with Omeprazole is unexpectedly stable even under intensive storage conditions (see Example 2). At pH 7.0, ca. 970 of the carboxyl functions of Eudragit~ are neutralized (see Figure 2).
As alkali substances, substances are to be understood whose solutions demonstrate alkaline reactions with water (Rompps Chemistry Encyclopaedia, 8th Edition, 1979). In this connection, hydroxides of alkali metals, especially sodium and potassium, but also hydroxides of the earth alkali metals are primarily among these. Hydroxides of the alkali metals, especially sodium hydroxide, are preferred according to the invention.
In the partial neutralization, protons of the acidic functions are fixed through the polymer chains of the coat material, for example carboxyl groups, are partially replaced by alkali metal ions for example as counter-ions. The polymer layer material modified in this manner is no longer physico-chemically inert in the presence of protons, but rather, is reactive because it now possess cation exchange capacity.
This means that when moisture and especially acidic gastric juice penetrates into cracks, faults, chips or other imperfections through the outer layer of the medicament according to the invention, the penetrating protons are captured and are exchanged by harmless alkali metal ions. A
further aspect of the reactive principal of the intermediate layer material is demonstrated by the fact the intermediate layer is transformed at these places into a gastric juice-resistant barrier; it possess a "self-repair-mechanism" to a certaint degree. Practical tests have shown that with contact of the intermediate layer with an acidic medium forms a gel-like substance which not only captures protons but also forms a flexible mechanical barrier which prevents the further penetration of moisture and/or acid medium. The partial neutralization of the polymer material for the reactive intermediate layer to a pH range 5.5 to 6.5 is especially preferred because a gastric juice-resistant barrier already forms when only few protons penetrate through the outer layer;
on the other hand, the Omeprazole core is still sufficiently stable.
Thereby, a clearly improved stability behaviour of the claimed medicament in extended storage and under chemico-physical load is also obtained.
Buffering and/or alkalizing additives in the intermediate layer as proposed in EP 0 247 983 are no longer necessary and can even be damaging because they increase solubility of the intermediate layer and reduce its protective function. This nearly contradicts the "self-repair-mechanism" according to the invention; namely, the more basic equivalents that are present in the intermediate layer, the more protons must penetrate from the outside so that the "self-repair-mechanism"
of the reactive layer has a quick effect.
Eudragit~ L100-55, Eudragit~ L100 produced from Rohm Pharma, Germany, as well as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) and cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) which, as described above, are partially neutralized with alkali before use as an intermediate layer, i.e. before spraying of the same, are suitable as preferred substances for the intermediate layer. Particularly preferred is Eudragit~ L100-55 obtainable world-wide as a commercial product.
The intermediate layer can contain customary additives, for example an emollient. Preferably, triethyl citrate, acetyltriethyl citrate, acetylated monoglycerides, propylene glycol and polyethylene glycols are preferably suitable fore this.
The coated molded articles, i.e. the core and the intermediate layer, are then coated with an outer layer for the production of the medicament according to the invention. The outer layer represents a customary enteric, gastric juice-resistant layer..
In this connection, commercial, aqueous polymer dispersions, such as polymethacrylates, for example Eudragit~ L100-55 (Rohm Pharma), and coating CE 5142 (BASF) are suitable as materials.
Additionally, polymers can also be used for formation of the gastric juice-resistant layer which are soluble in organic solvents. For example, phthalates (cellulose acetate phthalate, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose phthalate) are to be named as suitable materials. Additionally, the outer layer of the medicament according to the invention can contain antiblocking agents, dispersion agents, pigments and colorants. A suitable antiblocking agent is talcum for example.
In comparison to conventional medicinal forms with an inert intermediate layer, it was surprisingly determined that the inventive combination of enteric outer layer and reactive intermediate layer shows an accelerated dissolution behaviour in artificial intestinal fluid (pH ca. 5.8). This effect not only allows a very quick release of the active ingredient in the weakly acidic to weakly alkaline environment of the small intestine, and therewith an excellent bio-availability, but also permits improved medicament security because the enteric outer layer can be strengthened without retarding a desired quick release. Thereby, not only can the gastric juice-resistance be improved, but also the medicament stability especially under unfavourable storage conditions. Hence, the thickness of the gastric juice-resistant outer layer of the medicament according to the invention amounts to 20 to 60 ~m (ca. 10 to 50% weight with respect to the core), preferably 30 to 60 Vim.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the reactive intermediate layer consists of partially neutralized Eudragit~
L100-55 at a pH value of 5.5 to 7.0, preferably 5.5 to 6.5, and the outer layer consists of commercial Eudragit~ L100-55 (pH ca. 2 to 3). The pH transition between outer layer and intermediate layer does not necessarily have to be discontinuous, but rather, can also be formed as a gradient.
This can be obtained if several thin Eudragit layers are applied from inside to outside each of which was partially neutralized to a decreasing pH value.
The reactive intermediate layer as well as the gastric juice-resistant outer layer can can be formed as a plurality of single layers.
The present invention further comprises a method for the production of a stable medicament for oral administration which comprises Omeprazole, Lansoprazole and/or Pantoprazole as an active ingredient.
According to the method of the invention, the active ingredient and adjuvants, such as mannite, hydroxypropylcellulose and sodium lauryl sulfate, are moistened together with a suitable solvent, preferably isopropanol, granulated and worked to the desired molded articles (for example pellets, granulates, tablets) according to customary methods. The molded articles are subsequently laminated with an aqueous dispersion consisting of a gastric juice-resistant substance partially neutralized with alkali to a pH value of ca. 5.5 to ca.7.0, preferably Eudragit~ L100-55, as well as antiblocking agent and/or emollient, such as talcum and triethyl citrate, in a fluidized bed apparatus for example under formation of the intermediate layer with cation exchange activity. A quality product corresponding to Eudragit~ L100-55 is also commercially obtainable as a finished suspension under the designation Eudragit~ L30D-55. Subsequent to this, th-a coating occurs with a gastric juice-resistant substance (for example Eudragit~ L100-55), talcum and an emollient (such as triethyl citrate) for formation of the enteric outer layer of the medicament according to the invention.
The production of pellets which are filled in gelatine capsules in an amount sufficient for the desired active ingredient dose is preferred.
Aside from the pellets containing the mentioned benzimidazole compounds, the capsule formulations produced in this manner can also contain other active ingredients. Preferable is a combination of Diclofenac- and Omeprazole-containing pellets.
The Diclofenac-containing pellets are preferably produced according to the method of the invention, i.e. they also contain a reactive intermediate layer. However, they can also be produced by known methods, such as disclosed in EP 0 348 808 for example. In a further embodiment, the Diclofenac-containing pellets are present as a mixture of gastric juice-resistant coated pellets and retarded permeable pellets which are first released in lower intestinal sections.
Combinations of non-steroidal inflammation inhibitors and analgesics are known. Thus, EP 0 527 887 names the combination of Diclofenac (0-(2,6-dichloroanilino)phenyl acetic acid), a highly effective NSAID (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug), with Misoprostol, for example, which is employed for the treatment of painful inflammation diseases under the trade name Arthrotec~, Heumann Pharma GmbH, Germany.
The prostaglandin derivative Misoprostol serves in this connection for prevention of NSAID-associated ulcer diseases.
The solid combination of Diclofenac and Omeprazole has a number of advantageous in long-term treatment of pain/inflammation. Thus, a combination of Diclofenac with Omeprazole maintains a low ulcer rate in patients who have a high risk for the development of gastrointestinal ulcers and who require treatment with an NSAID at the same time (ulcer prevention). Furthermore, this combination attains high ulcer healing rates in connection with sufficient pain relief (therapy). Patient compliance can be considerably increased as a result of the high effectiveness and good tolerance of the combination partners in connection with a single daily administration,.
The capsule formulation which are suitable for direct administration per os comprise 25 to 200 mg, preferably 75 to 150 mg, Diclofenac and 10 to 40 mg, preferably 10 or 20 mg, Omeprazole as a unit dose in the pellets according to the invention.
The advantages of the medicament according to the invention with respect to Omeprazole and other benzimidazole-containing medicines of the art particularly exist in the fact that when any imperfections in the outer layer are present through which moisture upon storage or acidic gastric juice after peroral administration may penetrate into the core layer, the reactive intermediate layer not only captures protons but is additionally retransformed into a gastric juice-resistant layer material. Through this "self-repair-mechanism", a gel-like layer is formed which is able to prevent the penetration of moisture and acid into the core of the medicament. In case that no penetration of gastric juice occurs, the intermediate layer remains soluble. Unexpectedly, the combination of enteric outer layer and the active intermediate layer additionally shows an improved dissolution behaviour in artificial intestinal fluid which infers a correspondingly good dissolution behaviour in the small intestine.
The invention is more closely illustrated by the following examples without limiting the invention to said examples.
Example 1 In vitro tests for chemical/physical stability of the medicament according to the invention: Trituration of Omeprazole and intermediate layer material:
Storage experiments with trituration of Omeprazole and various treated intermediate layer materials were carried out over 32 days at 40°C and 75o relative humidity (r. H). Subsequently, thedegree to which the active ingredient Omeprazole (residual content in % by weight) remains stable, the percentage of degradation products arising (area-~ from purity chromatogram) and the degree to which. discoloration occurred were examined with HPLC. In this connection, Omeprazole with a non-pre-treated enteric coat material used for formation of gastric juice-resistant coatings (HPMCP, batch 1a, and Eudragit~ L100-22, charge 1b, pH 2-3)°and Omeprazole with a pre-treated enteric layer material (Eudragit~ L100-55) according to the invention were triturated and stored open in Petri dishes under the given conditions. The pre-treated Eudragit~ L100-55 was previously partially neutralized with sodium hydroxide to pH 5.5 (batch 1c) and pH 7.0 (batch ld) .
The results are reproduced in Table 1. The given values correspond to the average of 3 sample preparations. The discoloration is given as a color value according to "TaschenlexiJ~on der Farben", A. Kornerup and J.H. Wauscher, Muster-Schmidt Publishers, Zurich, Gottingen, 3rd Edition, 1981.
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It is deduced from the column "Omeprazole content" that the active ingredient remains considerably more stable with use of partially neutralized, gastric juice-resistant polymer material according to the invention that in a trituration with a customary enteric substance which possess up to 1000 free carboxyl groups. Thus, after 32 days storage under the named conditions, according to the invention only 2 or 30 of the active ingredient Omeprazole is degraded. In contrast, Omeprazole degradation up to 15o by weight is determined when using the customary enteric layer material HPMCP of the art in the present trituration experiments after 32 days.
Additionally, no clear Omeprazole degradation (3o by weight) is demonstrated with use of non-neutralized Eudragit.
Instead, clear differences result in a comparison of the content of an Omeprazole degradation product appearing in the HPLC-chromatogram with use of partially neutralised Eudragit (pH 5.5 and 7.0) according to the invention with commercial Eudragit (pH 2 to 3) (see the column "Degradation Product").
Thus, according to the invention, hardly any degradation product is found after 32 days (0.25 area-o in both batches), whereas ca. 0.99 area-a in the presence of commercial Eudragit (pH 2 to 3) and even ca. 7% degradation product in the presence of a customary layer material (HPMCP) are present.
This result is confirmed by the color comparison (see the column "color-value"). Neither the brown product of batch la nor the brown-orange product of batch lb are still capable of being sold. In contrast, the treated products according to the invention (batches lc and d) demonstrate a considerably lesser color change.
The above experiments prove that in the presence of high humidity and high temperature (intensified stability test) the partially neutralized layer material in the saturated state also functions protectively on the active ingredient Omeprazole. In contrast, customary enteric layer material, which has up to 1000 free COOH-groups, not only demonstrates no such protective effect, but also causes a clear degradation of the active ingredient.
Example 2 Stability of pellet formulations:
In a further series of experiments, the medicament according to the invention was compared with the state of the art (EP 0 247 983). For this, various colored batches were produced which have a three-layer construction:
~ core, with the active ingredient Omeprazole in the presence of an alkaline buffering substance (Na2HP04, according to the state of the art) and without alkaline buffering substance (according to the invention).
~ intermediate layer either consisting of a enteric layer material partially neutralized with alkali to a pH 6.0 and/or 7.0 according to the invention or inert layer material which contains sodium acetate as a buffering substance according to the state of the art. The reference example contains non-neutralized enteric layer material and sodium acetate as a buffering substance.
~ Outer layer of Eudragit L 100-55.
Additionally, a medicament was tested in the series of experiments in which the intermediate layer was omitted.
The respective pellet batches were stored open in a Petri dish for a week and 20 days at 40°C and 75-°s relative humidity (r.H). Subsequently, the Omeprazole content and/or the appearance of degradation product was determined with HPLC.
The values compiled in Table 2 represent the average of 3 sample preparations.
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.v7 In comparison with the state of the art, a clearly more stable administration form is obtained according to the invention.
The pellets according to the invention still have 93o by weight of the active ingredient Omeprazole in an intact form after one week and 80o by weight of the active ingredient Omeprazole in an intact form after 20 days under the described intensified storage condition. Even after 4 weeks storage, an Omeprazole content of 67o by weight was determined according to the invention (not represented in the Table). In contrast, the Omeprazole content in medicament not according to the invention, i.e. those ~ with an intermediate layer of HPMC and NaOAc ~ with an intermediate layer of HPMC
~ without an intermediate layer ~ with an intermediate layer HPMCP and NaOAc merely amount to 66, 57, 54 and 41o by weight after 20 days.
Example 3 "Self-Repair-Mechanism" of the reactive intermediate layer:
Pellets with the following construction were compared:
~ without intermediate layer (so-called pellet core)-~ with the reactive intermediate layer according to the invention ~ with an inert intermediate layer of HPMC (reference example) For better judgement of the "self-repair-mechanism", the pellets were not provided with the outer enteric coat. All pellet- types were tested in artificial gastric juice (pH 1.2) in a release model of the European Pharmacopoeia (basket).
The intermediate layer was partially nuetralized to pH 7.0, the upper limit of the preferred range.
The results (pellet cores without intermediate layer: not shown) are summarized in the following Table 3:
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According to these results, pellets without intermediate layer (as comparison) completely dissolve within 2 minutes. The release medium has a strong brown coloration.
In contrast, pellets with the reactive intermediate layer according to the invention remain intact as a function of the layer thickness (up to 20o with respect to the core) of the intermediate layer up to a maximum of 120 minutes. The release medium only has a slight discoloration.
Pellets with a customary inert intermediate layer according to the state of the art (reference example) with maximum layer thickness of the intermediate layer also completely dissolved within 5 minutes. The release medium has a strong brown discoloration.
These experiments proved a measurable protective mechanism with the intermediate layer according to the invention as opposed to pellets with an intermediate layer according to the state of the art. This protection mechanism brings about the reactive transformation of the intermediate layer to a gastric juice-resistant layer in the gastric juice acidic medium. The closer the pH value of the partially neutralized intermediate layer lies to 5.5, the faster this occurs.
Thus, it clearly emerges from all experiments in Examples 1 to 3 that according to the invention a medicament with surprisingly improved stability is obtained in comparison to those of the state of the art. The stability behaviour is demonstrated especially at increased temperature and humidity (trituration experiments) but also under intensified storage conditions of 40°C and 75o r.H of pellets.
Example 4 Release behaviour of various pellet formulas:
Essential for the good bio-availability of the active ingredient is its release as quickly as possible in the upper small intestine region, i.e_ in a weakly acid/neutral environment. To investigate the release behaviour pellets with various formulas were introduced into an aqueous medium with a pH value of 5.8 as an in vitro model for the upper small intestine (artificial intestinal fluid) and the Omeprazole released under stirring into the surroundings was determined as a function of time with HPLC (analogously to the Pharmacopia).
The'examined pellet formulas and the release results are reproduced in Table 4:
Table 4 Batch Pellet formula Released Omeprazole [%]
release period 30 min 45 min 60 min according to the invention 4 a Omeprazole-Core + Adjuvant72 84 89 *, IL.: 3 % E. L 100-55 pH
7,0 gjr: 30% E. L 100-55 4 b Omeprazole-Core + Adjuvant*,40 81 88 IL.: 3 % E. L 100-55 pH
6,0 gjr: 30% E. L 100-55 comparative examples 4 c Omeprazole-Core + Adjuvant*,3 5 8 no IL.
gjr: 30% E. L 100-55 4 d Omeprazole-Core + Adjuvant*,13 37 59 no IL
gjr: 20% E. L 100-55 *Adjuvant: Mannite, HPC, sodium lauryl sulfate IL: Intermediate layer E: Eudragit (percent by weight with respect to the core) gjr: gastric juice-resistant (layer) (percent by weight with respect to the core) Figure 3 shows a graphic representation of the result.
The thickness of the outer enteric layer with pellet batches 4 a, b and c is each the same (30o by weight with respect to the pellet core, corresponding to ca. 40 Vim). Despite this, batches 4 a and 4 b provided with the reactive intermediate layer according to the invention demonstrate a clearly quicker dissolution in artificial intestinal fluid than when no intermediate layer (batch 4c) is present. This is also still the case when the enteric coating layer is more thinly formed (batch 4b, 20o by weight with respect to the pellet core, corresponding to ca. 30 Vim). This permits the thickness of the outer enteric layer in the medicaments according to the invention to be further increased which offers an improved medicament safety in comparison to known preparations without negatively influencing release behaviour - which was not to be expected.
Example 5 Improved stability of the active ingredient-containing core:
Granulates of Omeprazole with various adjuvants were produced in a mortar. After open storage over 32 days at 40°C and 750 relative humidity, the residual content of Omeprazole as well as the appearence of degradation product were determined with HPLC. Na2HP04 buffering in an alkaline environment, Texapon, lactose, L-HPC, microcrystalline cellulose and mannite (batch 5b) as well as a combination of these adjuvants without Na2HP04 (batch 5c) were employed as adjuvants. These batches were comopared with an Omeprazole granulate which aside from the active ingredient only contained HCP and mannite (batch 5a). The results are reproduced in Table 5.
Table 5 Batch Formula Gehalt Omeprazole Degradation product of Omeprazole (Granulate) [precept by weight][area-%]
Storage conditions40C / 75 % rel.
Feuchte Storage duration after 32 days after 32 days production. production.
preferred according to the invention a Omeprazole*, 100 b 100 < 0.1 b < 0.5 Mannite HPC
Referenzbeispiel 5 b Omeprazole 100 b 100 < 0.1 b < 0.5 adjuvants Na2HP04 5 c Omeprazole 100 b 72 < 0.1 b ca.30 adjuvants without Na2HP04 As expected, the Omeprazole granulate without alkaline reacting additive (batch 5c) demonstrated a clearly deteriorated storage stability compared to an Omeprazole granulate with Na2HP04 as an additive (batch 5b). Thus, the Omeprazole content decreases to 72%;' ca. 30 area-o degradation product arises. Surprisingly, an Omeprazole granulate with mannite and hydroxypropylcellulose as the only adjuvants, particularly without alkaline reacting additives (batch 5a), also has an outstanding storage stability. Therefore, in the preferred medicament according to the invention, it is not necessary and is also not preferred to use alkaline reacting adjuvants or Omeprazole salts in the core because, if necessary, alkaline substances diffusing from the core into the reactive intermediated layer can be hindered by the "self-repair mechanism" as illustrated above.
Example 6 Production of medicaments according to the invention:
Formula examples Medic~nerlt A
Core:
Omeprazole 210.00 g Mannite 781.60 g Hydroxypropylcellulose 3.30 g Sodium lauryl sulfate 5.00 g Intermediate layer:
Eudragit~ L100-55 neutralized to pH 7.0 with NaOH 50.00 g Triethyl citrate 5.00 g Gastric juice-resistant (outer) layer:
Eudragit~ L100-55 300.00 g Triethyl citrate 30.00 g Mikronized Talcum 150.00 g Medicament B _ Core:
Omeprazole 210.00 g Mannite 781.60 g Hydroxypropylcellulose 3.30 g Sodium lauryl sulfate 5.00 g Intermediate layer:
Eudragit~ L 100-55 neutralized to pH 5.5 with NaOH 50.00 g Triethyl citrate 5.00 g Talcum 15.00 g Gastric juice-resistant (outer) layer:
Eudragit~ L100-55 400.00 g Triethyl citrate 40.00 g Micronized talcum 200.00 g The pre-weighed components Omeprazole, mannite and sodium lauryl sulfate are placed in a mixer and mixed. A granulation liquid of hydroxypropylecellulose dissolved in isopropanol is slowly added to the pre-mixed components in the mixer under constant stirring. If necessary, further isopropanol can be added for better pellet formation. The mixing time amounts to to 20 minutes until the majority of the pellets have a desired average size of ca. 1000 ~Cm.
The moist pellets are dried in a dryer at ca. 60°C for ca. 40 min. Pellets with a diameter of < 700 ~.m or > 1200 ~.m are sieved out_ The pellets are obtained in a fluidized state during which at first a coating dispersion I and subsequently a coating dispersion II is sprayed on to the pellets with a constant rate.
For production of the coating dispersion I, purified water is filled into a stainless steel vessel and sodium hydroxide is dissolved in the water. The sodium hydroxide solution is added to micronized talcum under stirring, a Eudragit~
dispersion is then slowly added to the sodium hydroxide/talcum dispersion under stirring whereby clumps and foam formation must be avoided. After addition of triethyl citrate to the dispersion, stirring continued for at least 15 minutes whereby the pH value is adjusted to pH 7.0 and/or pH 5.5 with sodium hydroxide solution. The dispersion must be continuously stirred during the formation of the coat.
For production of the coating dispersion II, micronized talcum is dispersed in purified water. Subsequently, the aqueous dispersion obtained in this manner is added to the Eudragit~
dispersion under stirring whereby the appearance of clumps or foam must be avoided. After addition of triethyl citrate, the dispersion is further stirred for at least 15 min. The Omeprazole pellets are then transferred into a coating apparatus and laminated at first-with the coating dispersion I
and then with the coating dispersion II. The finished Omeprazole pellets are filled into hard gelatine capsules.
Example 7 In vitro experiments on chemical stability of the medicament according to the invention:
It is known that Omeprazole loses its effectiveness with longer storage which is traceable to a degradation of the active ingredient_ This chemical degradation of Omeprazole can be reduced to a minimum by applying suitable protection layers.
It could be demonstrated in stability tests under stress conditions (40°C/75o rel. humidity) that the medicament according to the invention loses less than 2 percent by weight on active ingredient (average value of each of three content determinations) when stored in closed, brown screw-cap vials for 4 weeks. In contrast, a commercial product (Antra 20, VD5672-A01) lost more than 80 percent by weight on active ingredient under identical conditions in the same time period (see Table 6).
Table 6 Omeprazole residual content Medicament (batch) after 12 week storage at 40C/75%
r.H. in a closed, screw-cap vial (percent by weight) according to the ivention 6 a gg.g 6 b 98.3 6 c 99.3 commercial product 6 d 16.2 In further stability tests under long-term and stress conditions (25°C/60% r.H; 30°C/60°s r.H; 40°C/75o r.H), it could be demonstrated that the medicament according to the invention loses less than 5 percent by weight on active ingredient (average value of each of three content determinations) when stored in the primary package for 12 weeks. The results are depicted in Table 7.
Table 7 Omeprazole Medicament (batch)content after 12 Weeks storage percent by weight storage conditions25C/60% r.H.30C/60% 40C175% r.H.
r.H.
7 a 98.9 97.9 97.8 7 b 99.1 97.8 95.3 7 c 100.5 100.3 98.0 The results clearly demonstrate that no significant decrease in content from the starting value was determined with the medicament according to the invention.
Example 8 Determination of the Gastra.c-juice-resistance:
For determining the gastric-juice-resistance, samples of the inventive medicament according to Example 6 were subjected to an in vitro test. Thereby, each sample, which was found in a basket at pH 1.2 and a temperature of 37°C as well as 100 rpm of the basket, was left in the acidic medium for 120 minutes and subsequently the sample was analysed as to the remaining active ingredient content. The values obtained thereby are summarized in Table 8. All values show that no significant degradation from the starting values resulted under the selected conditions_ Table 8 Omeprazole residual content Medicament (batch) percent by weight according to the ivention 8 a 98.4 8 b 98.9 8 c 96.0 Example 9 In vitro experiments on active ingredient release:
For the following experiments, an inventive medicament according to Example 6 was also examined. The respective sample, which was found in a basket, was exposed to a medium (1000 ml) of pH 1.2 for 120 minutes at 37°C.
After the above-mentioned residence time in acidic medium, this was replaced by an alkali medium (pH 6.8, phosphate buffered) and the samples were left therein for a time period of 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60 minutes respectively. After the mentioned time intervals, analysis as to the least active ingredient was carried out.
The determination of the in vitro active ingredient release occurred on samples which before their storage (Figure 4) and after 12 week storage at 25°C/60~ r.H. (Figure 5), at 30°C/60o r.H. (Figure 6) and 40°C/75~5 r. H. (Figure 7). The medicaments were previously filled in the designated packaging. The obtained values are represented for the respective batches according to the invention in Figures 4 to 7 and show that the release is stable over the storage time.
Example lp Combination Preparation Omeprazole and Diclofenac:
Capsule fcrmulatiorb C:
A capsule contains 210 mg Diclofenac pellets corresponding to 75 mg Diclofenac-Na and 160 mg Omeprazole pellets corresponding to 20 mg Omeprazole. The Diclofenac pellets a.s well as the Omeprazole pellets were produced according to the method of production according to Example 6.
Capsule form~a.l.ati.c~ D _ A capsule contains 420 mg Diclofenac pellets corresponding to 150 mg Diclofenac-Na and 160 mg Omeprazole pellets corresponding to 20 mg Omeprazole which were produced according to Example 6. The Diclofenac pellets were produced according to the method given in EP 0 348 808.
Example 8 Determination of the Gastra.c-juice-resistance:
For determining the gastric-juice-resistance, samples of the inventive medicament according to Example 6 were subjected to an in vitro test. Thereby, each sample, which was found in a basket at pH 1.2 and a temperature of 37°C as well as 100 rpm of the basket, was left in the acidic medium for 120 minutes and subsequently the sample was analysed as to the remaining active ingredient content. The values obtained thereby are summarized in Table 8. All values show that no significant degradation from the starting values resulted under the selected conditions_ Table 8 Omeprazole residual content Medicament (batch) percent by weight according to the ivention 8 a 98.4 8 b 98.9 8 c 96.0 Example 9 In vitro experiments on active ingredient release:
For the following experiments, an inventive medicament according to Example 6 was also examined. The respective sample, which was found in a basket, was exposed to a medium (1000 ml) of pH 1.2 for 120 minutes at 37°C.
After the above-mentioned residence time in acidic medium, this was replaced by an alkali medium (pH 6.8, phosphate buffered) and the samples were left therein for a time period of 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60 minutes respectively. After the mentioned time intervals, analysis as to the least active ingredient was carried out.
The determination of the in vitro active ingredient release occurred on samples which before their storage (Figure 4) and after 12 week storage at 25°C/60~ r.H. (Figure 5), at 30°C/60o r.H. (Figure 6) and 40°C/75~5 r. H. (Figure 7). The medicaments were previously filled in the designated packaging. The obtained values are represented for the respective batches according to the invention in Figures 4 to 7 and show that the release is stable over the storage time.
Example lp Combination Preparation Omeprazole and Diclofenac:
Capsule fcrmulatiorb C:
A capsule contains 210 mg Diclofenac pellets corresponding to 75 mg Diclofenac-Na and 160 mg Omeprazole pellets corresponding to 20 mg Omeprazole. The Diclofenac pellets a.s well as the Omeprazole pellets were produced according to the method of production according to Example 6.
Capsule form~a.l.ati.c~ D _ A capsule contains 420 mg Diclofenac pellets corresponding to 150 mg Diclofenac-Na and 160 mg Omeprazole pellets corresponding to 20 mg Omeprazole which were produced according to Example 6. The Diclofenac pellets were produced according to the method given in EP 0 348 808.
Claims (33)
1. A stable medicament for oral administration, which comprises:
(a) a core which contains an active ingredient selected from the group consisting of Omeprazole, Lansoprazole and Pantoprazole, together with a pharmaceutical adjuvant:
(b) an intermediate layer applied onto the core; and (c) a gastric juice-resistant outer layer, wherein a reactive intermediate layer of a gastric juice-resistant polymer layer material partially neutralized with an alkali with ration exchange capacity is present in (b).
(a) a core which contains an active ingredient selected from the group consisting of Omeprazole, Lansoprazole and Pantoprazole, together with a pharmaceutical adjuvant:
(b) an intermediate layer applied onto the core; and (c) a gastric juice-resistant outer layer, wherein a reactive intermediate layer of a gastric juice-resistant polymer layer material partially neutralized with an alkali with ration exchange capacity is present in (b).
2. The medicament according to claim 1, wherein the alkali is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
3. The medicament according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pharmaceutical adjuvant is mannite or hydroxypropylcellulose.
4. The medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the core additionally comprises a tenside.
5. The medicament according to claim 4, wherein the tenside is selected from the group consisting of sodium lauryl sulfate, sorbitan fatty acid ester and polyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester.
6. The medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the core is present in the form of pellet cores, tablets, microtablets or as a granulate.
7. The medicament according to claims 1 to 6, wherein the gastric juice-resistant polymer layer material in the reactive intermediate layer is partially neutralized to a pH
range of about 5.5 to about 7Ø
range of about 5.5 to about 7Ø
8. The medicament according to claim 7, wherein the pH range is about 5.5 to about 6.5.
9. The medicament according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the partially neutralized gastric juice-resistant polymer layer material is selected from the group consisting of partially neutralized Eudragit® L100-55, Eudragit® L100, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) and cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP).
10. The medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the reactive intermediate layer additionally comprises an emollient.
11. The medicament according to claim 10, wherein the emollient is selected from the group consisting of triethyl citrate, acetyltriethyl citrate, an acetylated monoglyceride, propylene glycol and a polyethylene glycol.
12. The medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the reactive intermediate layer forms a gel-like layer with penetration of protons through the outer layer.
13. The medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the reactive intermediate layer has a thickness from 5 to 30 µm.
14. The medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the gastric juice-resistant outer layer in (c) contains Eudragit® L100-55, Eudragit® L100, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP), cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) or a mixture thereof.
15. The medicament according to claim 14, wherein the gastric juice-resistant outer layer contains a pharmaceutically acceptable antiblocking agent, dispersion agent, pigment colorant or a mixture thereof.
16. The medicament according to claim 15, wherein the antiblocking agent is talcum.
17. The medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the gastric juice-resistant outer layer has a layer thickness from 20 to 60 µm.
18. The medicament according to claim 17, wherein the layer thickness is from 30 to 60 µm.
19. The medicament according to claim 1, wherein:
(a) the core comprises mannite and hydroxypropylcellulose as the adjuvant without an alkaline additive;
(b) the reactive intermediate layer applied on the core is Eudragit® L100-55 partially neutralized with sodium hydroxide to a pH range of about 5.5 to about 7.0 and has a thickness from 5 to 30 µm; and (c) the gastric juice-resistant outer layer is Eudragit®
L100-55 with a thickness from 30 to 60 µm.
(a) the core comprises mannite and hydroxypropylcellulose as the adjuvant without an alkaline additive;
(b) the reactive intermediate layer applied on the core is Eudragit® L100-55 partially neutralized with sodium hydroxide to a pH range of about 5.5 to about 7.0 and has a thickness from 5 to 30 µm; and (c) the gastric juice-resistant outer layer is Eudragit®
L100-55 with a thickness from 30 to 60 µm.
20. The medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the reactive intermediate layer is formed as a plurality of single layers.
21. The medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the gastric juice-resistant layer is formed as a plurality of single layers.
22. The medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the pH transition at the border of the gastric juice-resistant outer layer to the reactive intermediate layer is formed as a gradient.
23. A method for the production of a stable medicament for oral administration according to any one of claims 1 to 22, comprising:
(i) forming a moulded article as the core (a) which contains the active ingredient selected from the group consisting of Omeprazole, Lansoprazole and Pantoprazole, together with the pharmaceutical adjuvant;
(ii) applying the intermediate layer (b) onto the moulded article produced in step (i); and (iii) laminating the coated moulded article from step (ii) with the gastric juice-resistant outer layer (c), wherein the reactive intermediate layer of a gastric juice-resistant layer material partially neutralized with the alkali with cation exchange capacity is applied in step (ii).
(i) forming a moulded article as the core (a) which contains the active ingredient selected from the group consisting of Omeprazole, Lansoprazole and Pantoprazole, together with the pharmaceutical adjuvant;
(ii) applying the intermediate layer (b) onto the moulded article produced in step (i); and (iii) laminating the coated moulded article from step (ii) with the gastric juice-resistant outer layer (c), wherein the reactive intermediate layer of a gastric juice-resistant layer material partially neutralized with the alkali with cation exchange capacity is applied in step (ii).
24. The method according to claim 23, wherein the gastric juice-resistant polymer layer material is partially neutralized with an alkali to a pH range from about 5.5 to about 7.0 before applying onto the moulded article core.
25. The method according to claim 23 or 24, wherein isopropanol is used as a solvent in step (i).
26. A pharmaceutical composition which contains Diclofenac as a further active ingredient in addition to a stable medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 22.
27. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 26, wherein the Diclofenac is present as a formulation which comprises:
(a) a Diclofenac containing core together with a pharmaceutical adjuvant;
(b) a reactive intermediate layer of a gastric juice-resistant polymer layer material partially neutralized with an alkali; and (c) a gastric juice-resistant outer layer.
(a) a Diclofenac containing core together with a pharmaceutical adjuvant;
(b) a reactive intermediate layer of a gastric juice-resistant polymer layer material partially neutralized with an alkali; and (c) a gastric juice-resistant outer layer.
28. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 27, wherein the Diclofenac is present as a pellet formulation comprising a mixture of gastric juice-resistant coated pellets and retarded, permeable pellets.
29. A pharmaceutical capsule formulation, comprising a stable medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 22, or a composition according to any one of claims 26 to 28 as pellets.
30. Use of a medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 22, a composition according to any one of claims 26 to 28, or a capsule according to claim 29, for the inhibition of gastric acid secretion.
31. Use of a medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 22, a composition according to any one of claims 26 to 28, or a capsule according to claim 29, for the prevention or treatment of duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, reflux esophagitis and Zollinger-Ellision syndrome.
32. A commercial package comprising a medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 22, a composition according to any one of claims 26 to 28, or a capsule according to claim 29, and associated therewith instructions for the use thereof for the, inhibition of gastric acid secretion.
33. A commercial package comprising a medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 22, a composition according to any one of claims 26 to 28, or a capsule according to claim 29, and associated therewith instructions for the use thereof for the prevention or treatment of duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, reflux esophagitis and Zollinger-Ellision syndrome.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19626045.0 | 1996-06-28 | ||
| DE19626045A DE19626045C2 (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1996-06-28 | A stable dosage form for oral administration containing omeprazole as the active ingredient and methods of making the same |
| PCT/EP1997/003387 WO1998000114A2 (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1997-06-27 | Stable drug form for oral administration with benzimidazole derivatives as active ingredient and process for the preparation thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2258918A1 CA2258918A1 (en) | 1998-01-08 |
| CA2258918C true CA2258918C (en) | 2005-11-22 |
Family
ID=7798347
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002258918A Expired - Fee Related CA2258918C (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1997-06-27 | Stable drug form for oral administration with benzimidazole derivatives as active ingredient and process for the preparation thereof |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0934058B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4641075B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE247457T1 (en) |
| AU (2) | AU3438897A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2258918C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19626045C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0934058T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2205243T3 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT934058E (en) |
| WO (2) | WO1998000115A2 (en) |
| ZA (2) | ZA975827B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10537530B2 (en) | 2007-05-07 | 2020-01-21 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Solid dosage forms comprising an enteric coating with accelerated drug release |
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| US6489346B1 (en) | 1996-01-04 | 2002-12-03 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Substituted benzimidazole dosage forms and method of using same |
| US5840737A (en) | 1996-01-04 | 1998-11-24 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Omeprazole solution and method for using same |
| SE9704869D0 (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 1997-12-22 | Astra Ab | New pharmaceutical formulaton II |
| UA73092C2 (en) * | 1998-07-17 | 2005-06-15 | Брістол-Майерс Сквібб Компані | Tablets with enteric coating and method for their manufacture |
| PT1105105E (en) | 1998-08-12 | 2006-07-31 | Altana Pharma Ag | METHOD OF ORAL ADMINISTRATION FOR PYRIDIN-2-ILMETILSULFINYL-1H-BENZIMIDAZOIS |
| DE19845358A1 (en) * | 1998-10-02 | 2000-04-06 | Roehm Gmbh | Coated drug forms with controlled drug delivery |
| IL130602A0 (en) | 1999-06-22 | 2000-06-01 | Dexcel Ltd | Stable benzimidazole formulation |
| US6420473B1 (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2002-07-16 | Bpsi Holdings, Inc. | Acrylic enteric coating compositions |
| AR030557A1 (en) | 2000-04-14 | 2003-08-27 | Jagotec Ag | A TABLET IN MULTI-MAP OF CONTROLLED RELEASE AND TREATMENT METHOD |
| US7316819B2 (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2008-01-08 | Unigene Laboratories, Inc. | Oral peptide pharmaceutical dosage form and method of production |
| KR100479637B1 (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2005-03-31 | 한국화학연구원 | Oral dosage form comprising Lansoprazole and preparation method for the same |
| DE10235475B4 (en) * | 2002-08-02 | 2006-04-27 | Ratiopharm Gmbh | Medicaments containing a benzimidazole compound in admixture with microcrystalline cellulose and process for their preparation |
| RU2332237C2 (en) | 2002-08-02 | 2008-08-27 | Рациофарм Гмбх | Pharmaceutical drug containing benzymidazol derivative mixed with microcrystal cellulose, and method of its obtaining |
| US8993599B2 (en) | 2003-07-18 | 2015-03-31 | Santarus, Inc. | Pharmaceutical formulations useful for inhibiting acid secretion and methods for making and using them |
| AR045068A1 (en) * | 2003-07-23 | 2005-10-12 | Univ Missouri | FORMULATION OF IMMEDIATE RELEASE OF PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS |
| PE20050496A1 (en) * | 2003-07-24 | 2005-06-12 | Smithkline Beecham Corp | FILMS THAT DISSOLVE BY ORAL ROUTE |
| EP1721604A4 (en) * | 2004-03-04 | 2008-04-30 | Takeda Pharmaceutical | Stable capsule preparation |
| US8906940B2 (en) | 2004-05-25 | 2014-12-09 | Santarus, Inc. | Pharmaceutical formulations useful for inhibiting acid secretion and methods for making and using them |
| MX2007008141A (en) * | 2005-01-03 | 2007-12-10 | Lupin Ltd | Pharmaceutical composition of acid labile substances. |
| DE102005032806A1 (en) * | 2005-07-12 | 2007-01-18 | Röhm Gmbh | Use of a partially neutralized, anionic (meth) acrylate copolymer as a coating for the preparation of a dosage form with a release of active ingredient at reduced pH values |
| DE102006006532B4 (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2007-11-08 | Biogenerics Pharma Gmbh | Pharmaceutical preparation |
| DE102008056312A1 (en) | 2008-11-07 | 2010-05-12 | Biogenerics Pharma Gmbh | Use of micro-tablets as food and feed additive |
| DE102010052847A1 (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2012-05-31 | Temmler Werke Gmbh | Process for the preparation of a PPI-containing pharmaceutical preparation |
| US8951996B2 (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2015-02-10 | Lipocine Inc. | 17-hydroxyprogesterone ester-containing oral compositions and related methods |
| JP5934835B2 (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2016-06-15 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Enteric granules and pharmaceutical compositions |
| US10076494B2 (en) | 2016-06-16 | 2018-09-18 | Dexcel Pharma Technologies Ltd. | Stable orally disintegrating pharmaceutical compositions |
| WO2019199488A1 (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2019-10-17 | Bpsi Holdings Llc | Acidifying coatings and disintegration-resistant substrates coated therewith |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57171428A (en) * | 1981-04-13 | 1982-10-22 | Sankyo Co Ltd | Preparation of coated solid preparation |
| JPS584730A (en) * | 1981-06-29 | 1983-01-11 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | Enteric coating composition and its preparation |
| GB2189698A (en) * | 1986-04-30 | 1987-11-04 | Haessle Ab | Coated omeprazole tablets |
| DE3822095A1 (en) * | 1988-06-30 | 1990-01-04 | Klinge Co Chem Pharm Fab | NEW MEDICAMENT FORMULATION AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| IT1230576B (en) * | 1988-10-20 | 1991-10-28 | Angeli Inst Spa | ORAL PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS WITH SELECTIVE LIBERATION IN THE COLON |
| US5225202A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1993-07-06 | E. R. Squibb & Sons, Inc. | Enteric coated pharmaceutical compositions |
| JPH0733659A (en) * | 1992-07-17 | 1995-02-03 | Yoshitomi Pharmaceut Ind Ltd | Antiulcer agent-containing pharmaceutical preparation |
| AU4513393A (en) * | 1992-07-17 | 1994-02-14 | Astra Aktiebolag | Pharmaceutical composition containing antiulcer agent |
| SE9302395D0 (en) * | 1993-07-09 | 1993-07-09 | Ab Astra | NEW PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION |
-
1996
- 1996-06-28 DE DE19626045A patent/DE19626045C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-06-27 JP JP50383698A patent/JP4641075B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-06-27 ES ES97929304T patent/ES2205243T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-27 AU AU34388/97A patent/AU3438897A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-06-27 WO PCT/EP1997/003388 patent/WO1998000115A2/en active Application Filing
- 1997-06-27 DK DK97929304T patent/DK0934058T3/en active
- 1997-06-27 WO PCT/EP1997/003387 patent/WO1998000114A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-06-27 AT AT97929304T patent/ATE247457T1/en active
- 1997-06-27 AU AU33451/97A patent/AU3345197A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-06-27 PT PT97929304T patent/PT934058E/en unknown
- 1997-06-27 DE DE59710629T patent/DE59710629D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-27 EP EP97929304A patent/EP0934058B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-27 CA CA002258918A patent/CA2258918C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-06-30 ZA ZA9705827A patent/ZA975827B/en unknown
- 1997-06-30 ZA ZA9705828A patent/ZA975828B/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10537530B2 (en) | 2007-05-07 | 2020-01-21 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Solid dosage forms comprising an enteric coating with accelerated drug release |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59710629D1 (en) | 2003-09-25 |
| EP0934058B1 (en) | 2003-08-20 |
| ATE247457T1 (en) | 2003-09-15 |
| JP4641075B2 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
| ES2205243T3 (en) | 2004-05-01 |
| DE19626045A1 (en) | 1998-01-08 |
| PT934058E (en) | 2004-01-30 |
| WO1998000115A3 (en) | 1998-02-26 |
| WO1998000114A3 (en) | 1998-02-26 |
| EP0934058A2 (en) | 1999-08-11 |
| WO1998000115A2 (en) | 1998-01-08 |
| JP2000514051A (en) | 2000-10-24 |
| CA2258918A1 (en) | 1998-01-08 |
| DE19626045C2 (en) | 1998-12-03 |
| AU3438897A (en) | 1998-01-21 |
| ZA975827B (en) | 1998-01-30 |
| DK0934058T3 (en) | 2003-12-01 |
| AU3345197A (en) | 1998-01-21 |
| WO1998000114A2 (en) | 1998-01-08 |
| ZA975828B (en) | 1998-01-30 |
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