CA2237001C - Frozen top soil cutter - Google Patents
Frozen top soil cutter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2237001C CA2237001C CA 2237001 CA2237001A CA2237001C CA 2237001 C CA2237001 C CA 2237001C CA 2237001 CA2237001 CA 2237001 CA 2237001 A CA2237001 A CA 2237001A CA 2237001 C CA2237001 C CA 2237001C
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- wheels
- frame
- soil
- predetermined depth
- cutting
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Abstract
A device for cutting, fracturing and pulverizing top soil to a predetermined depth, whereby by the top soil can subsequently be collected by conventional means. The device comprises a frame being in the shape of a V with two wings rearwardly and sidewardly extending from a forward, central point, the frame to be carried behind a tractor, a plurality of spaced cutting wheels rotatably suspended from the frame at the same distance from the frame, the wheels of sufficient size and strength to cut frozen soil to a predetermined depth, the wheels oriented in parallel, straightforward relationship with respect to the frame, a first of the wheels positioned at the central point and the other wheels spaced outwardly and rearwardly on each side of the first wheel. The device comprises means associated with the frame to depress the cutting wheels to a predetermined depth in the frozen soil and the wheels spaced from each other so that, in operation, the first wheel vertically cuts the soil along a center line, to the predetermined depth, and wheels on each side of the first wheel progressively vertically cut and horizontally fracture towards the center line the soil to the predetermined depth. A device according to the present invention provides a simple design for cutting frozen top soil to a predetermined depth. The device according to the present invention is one which produces relatively low wear of the functional parts, relative to conventional devices. It provides increased integrity of surface soil when stripping in frozen ground conditions.
Description
TITLE OF THE INVENTION
FROZEN TOP SOIL CUTTER
FIELI) OF INVENTION
This invention relates ta a device for cutting frozen soil to a predetermined 5 depth.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Present day outdoor construction requirements, in order to address environmental concerns, require replacement of the surface soil layer after excavation and construction has been completed. In northern climates, often outdoor construction takes place 10 during winter months when the soil is frozen and may be covered by a blanket of snow. In order to loosen and salvage surface soil in such conditions, without mixing lower soil which may for instance be of clay or other coIrlposition, has proven to be a difficult challenge. In the past, several different methods have been used.
For example, a tractor with a ripper has been used to rip the surface soil in 15 order to loosen the soil so that the material can be recovered by way of a blade or a bucket on a hoe. Such an approach however does not permit maintenance of the stripping depth, resulting in admixing of surface soil with subsoil. The result is degradation of the surface soil.
Another approach has been to use self-propelled stripper/ditcher/trencher devices in order to salvage surface soil. These machines are very good at m~int~ining surface soil depth. Trenchers for example have a track of buckets that circulate on a large wheel similar to a water wheel. They are however very expensive to run and m~int~in. A self-propelled stripping device is described and illustrated in laid-open C~n~ n patent application Serial No. 2,132,078 of Merilainen pub]ished March 16, 1995. A trencher device is described for example in U.S. Patent No. 4,395,834 of Davison issued August 2, 1983 and the PCT
application of Disney published under ]'ublication No. WO91/14836, on October 3, 1991.
Hoes are often used with frost buckets to strip surface soil. This method is very time consuming and costly. Admixing of surface soil with subsoil still remains a problem with this method.
Other patents of general background interest disclosing soil cutting devices of one form or another include C~n~ n laid-open patent application Serial No. 2,089,705 of Roggenbuck et al, published November 2, 1993, and U.S. Patents Nos. 5,437,337 ofDietrich,Sr., issued August 1, 1995 and 2,703,518 of Whitmore, issued March 8, 1955. Most of these patents relate to cutters which are merely pulled by tractors and are intended for unfroz;en soil. Also of background interest are U.S. Patent No. 2,371,924 of Scarlett issued March.20, 1945, U.S. Patent No. 2,269,724 of Linkogel issued January 13, 1942, U.S. Patent No . 3,752,238 of Chilton issued August 14, 1973, U . S . Patent No . 4,057,112 of Taylor issued Novernber 8, 1977, U.S. Patent No. 4,203,494 of Hansen issued May 20, 1980, U.S. Patent No. 4,548,276 of Linger issued October 22, 1985, U.S. Patent No. 5,333,694 of Roggenbuck et al issued August 2, 1994, U.S. Patent No. 4,506,740 of Carter issued March 26, 1985 and U.S. E'atent No. 5,649,602 of Bruce issued July 22, 1997. With frozen soil, most of these devices would simply skid on the soil surface, and would not act to cut into the soil, or, in instances where such devices would cut into the frozen soil, they would result in admixing of surfac~ soil with subsoil and not m~int~in adequately the required cutting/stripping depth.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a device which can loosen and pulverize frozen top soil in a timely fashion while m~int~ining soil quality, and hence depth control, better than previously known devices.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention there is a provided a device for cutting, fracturing and pulverizing top soil to a predetermined depth, whereby by the top soil can subsequently be collected by conventional means. The device comprises a frame, extending rearwardly and to the sides from a forward, central "V"-formation, the frame to be carried behind a tractor, with a plurality of spaced cutting wheels rotatably suspended from the frame at the same height from the frame. The wheels are of sufficient size and strength to cut frozen soil to a predetermined depth. The wheels are oriented in parallel, straightforward relationship with respect to the frame. The first oi- the wheels is positioned at the central point and the other wheels are spaced outwardly and rearwardly on each side of the first wheel and positioned so that, in operation, the first wheel vertically cuts the soil along a center line, to the predetermined depth, and wheels on each side of the first wheel progressively vertically cut the soil to the predetermined depth and horizontally fracture it towards the center line.
The device further comprises means as~ociated with the frame to depress the cutting wheels to the predetermined depth in the frozen soil.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, connection means are associated with the frame to operatively connect the frame to a hydraulic support system of a tractor. In operation when the frame is thus connected, the hydraulic system provides the downward pressure and height control necessary to have the wheels cut the soil to the predetermined depth as the frame is drawn by the tractor.
As will be described in more detail subsequently, the device according to the present invention provides a simple design for cutting frozen top soil to a predetermined depth.
The dc vice according to the present invention is one which produces relatively low wear of the functional parts, relative to conventional devices. It provides increased integrity of surface soil when stripping in frozen ground conditions.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The following is a description by way of examples of preferred embodiment of the present invention, reference being rnade to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a tractor carrying a device for cutting, pulverizing and fracturing frozen top soil in accordance with the present invention.
FIGURE 2 is a schematic plan view, from below, of the device of FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 3 is a partial elevation side view of the device of FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 4 is a schematic: plan view, from below, of an alternative embodiment of the device according to the present i:rlvention incorporating shanks with cutting wheels.
FIGURE 5 is an elevation partial view of the device of FIGURE 3.
FIGURE 6 is a side view of one of the cutting wheels of the device in accordance with the present invention.
FIGURE 6a is a section view along a diagonal line of the cutting wheel of Figure 6.
While the invention will be described in conjunction with the illustrated embodiments, it will be understood tlhat it is not intended to limit the invention to such embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In the drawings, similar features have been given similar reference numerals.
Turning to Figure 1 there is illustrated a device 2 for cutting, fracturing and pulverizing frozen top soil to a predetermined depth, in accordance with the present invention carriecl behind a tractor 4 as will be described in more detail subsequently.
The device comprises a frame 6.. A plurality of spaced, cutting wheels 12 extend rearwardly and sidewardly from a forward, central point 10, in "V" configuration and are rotatably suspended from supports 14 so that wheels 12 are all carried at the same distance 20 from l:he frame. The wheels are of sufficient size and strength to cut frozen soil to a predetermined depth. The wheels are preferably about 1 inch in thickness and have a diameter of about 12 inches up to about 24 inches or more, with sharpened peripheral cutting edges 16 as can be seen in Figure 6. The cutting wheels 12 are spaced approximately the same distance from adjacent cutting wheels, that dista.nce preferably being about 4 to about 8 inches. The 5 wheels are oriented in parallel, straightforward relationship with respect to the frame, so that when frame 6 is pulled by tractor 4, the wheels cut in the same direction as the tractor is travelling.
As can be seen in Figure 2, a first of cutting wheels 12 is positioned at the centra]L point 10 of frame 6, and the other wheels 12 are spaced outwardly and rearwardly on 10 each side of that first wheel 12. The laleral distance between adjacent wheels is important to achieve the desired operation of the device, namely that the first wheel vertically cuts the soil along a center line, to the predetermined depth, and wheels 12 on each side of the first wheel then progressively vertically cut and horizontally fracture towards the center line the soil to the predetermined depth.
In order to ensure that the wheels cut the soil to the predetermined depth, applopliate means 18, in the illustrated embodiment being the tractor's hydraulic support system 20, are provided. It is nPcess~ry to have sufficient downward pressure exerted by hydraulic system 20, to have the wheels cut the soil to the predetermined depth as the frame is drawn by the tractor along a distance, and m~in~in the cutting wheels at that cutting depth 20 in the soil.
While it is preferred that a tractor's hydraulic system 20 provide the downward pressure and depth control for the cutting wheels, it is envisaged that other means may be provided, for instance through applopriate adjustable weight means associated with frame 6 (not illustrated).
In operation, the lead cutting wheel 12 cuts and fractures the soil. It provides initial penetration and cutting of the soil under pressure from the hydraulic system 20 of tractor 5 4. The following cutter wheels 12 slice the soil and cause the soil to fracture inwardly towards the center line where the soil has already been disturbed. The wheels cut vertically and the soil fractures horizontally. This process can be repeated until a desired width soil of cut aggregat has been formed.
In the alternative embodiment of device 2 in accordance with the present 10 invent-ion, as illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, certain of the wheels are replaced with shanks 22, placed at applop~iate locations between cutting wheels 12 as illustrated. The shanks 22 are intendled to rip and fracture the soil and provide, in the case of lead shank 22, initial penetration and downward pressure. The following cutter wheels 12 slice the soil and cause the soil fracture inwardly towards the c:enter line where the soil has already been disturbed.
15 The wheels cut vertically and soil fractures horizontally.
Any number of depth control mech~ni~m.~ can be used to assist maintenance of the cul:ting, pulverizing and fracturing of the soil to the predetermined depth, such as sliding feet 24 or wheels (not illustrated), with conventional height adjustment means 26 The size of frame 6 and number and positioning of wheels 12 may be varied, as determined by the tractor (or other machine) to which it is attached and the soil conditions in which it is intended to operate.
It will be understood that, through use of a device 2 as described and illustrated, benefils arise over conventional soil stripping machines including:
(1) increased integrity of surface soil when stripping unfrozen ground;
FROZEN TOP SOIL CUTTER
FIELI) OF INVENTION
This invention relates ta a device for cutting frozen soil to a predetermined 5 depth.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Present day outdoor construction requirements, in order to address environmental concerns, require replacement of the surface soil layer after excavation and construction has been completed. In northern climates, often outdoor construction takes place 10 during winter months when the soil is frozen and may be covered by a blanket of snow. In order to loosen and salvage surface soil in such conditions, without mixing lower soil which may for instance be of clay or other coIrlposition, has proven to be a difficult challenge. In the past, several different methods have been used.
For example, a tractor with a ripper has been used to rip the surface soil in 15 order to loosen the soil so that the material can be recovered by way of a blade or a bucket on a hoe. Such an approach however does not permit maintenance of the stripping depth, resulting in admixing of surface soil with subsoil. The result is degradation of the surface soil.
Another approach has been to use self-propelled stripper/ditcher/trencher devices in order to salvage surface soil. These machines are very good at m~int~ining surface soil depth. Trenchers for example have a track of buckets that circulate on a large wheel similar to a water wheel. They are however very expensive to run and m~int~in. A self-propelled stripping device is described and illustrated in laid-open C~n~ n patent application Serial No. 2,132,078 of Merilainen pub]ished March 16, 1995. A trencher device is described for example in U.S. Patent No. 4,395,834 of Davison issued August 2, 1983 and the PCT
application of Disney published under ]'ublication No. WO91/14836, on October 3, 1991.
Hoes are often used with frost buckets to strip surface soil. This method is very time consuming and costly. Admixing of surface soil with subsoil still remains a problem with this method.
Other patents of general background interest disclosing soil cutting devices of one form or another include C~n~ n laid-open patent application Serial No. 2,089,705 of Roggenbuck et al, published November 2, 1993, and U.S. Patents Nos. 5,437,337 ofDietrich,Sr., issued August 1, 1995 and 2,703,518 of Whitmore, issued March 8, 1955. Most of these patents relate to cutters which are merely pulled by tractors and are intended for unfroz;en soil. Also of background interest are U.S. Patent No. 2,371,924 of Scarlett issued March.20, 1945, U.S. Patent No. 2,269,724 of Linkogel issued January 13, 1942, U.S. Patent No . 3,752,238 of Chilton issued August 14, 1973, U . S . Patent No . 4,057,112 of Taylor issued Novernber 8, 1977, U.S. Patent No. 4,203,494 of Hansen issued May 20, 1980, U.S. Patent No. 4,548,276 of Linger issued October 22, 1985, U.S. Patent No. 5,333,694 of Roggenbuck et al issued August 2, 1994, U.S. Patent No. 4,506,740 of Carter issued March 26, 1985 and U.S. E'atent No. 5,649,602 of Bruce issued July 22, 1997. With frozen soil, most of these devices would simply skid on the soil surface, and would not act to cut into the soil, or, in instances where such devices would cut into the frozen soil, they would result in admixing of surfac~ soil with subsoil and not m~int~in adequately the required cutting/stripping depth.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a device which can loosen and pulverize frozen top soil in a timely fashion while m~int~ining soil quality, and hence depth control, better than previously known devices.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention there is a provided a device for cutting, fracturing and pulverizing top soil to a predetermined depth, whereby by the top soil can subsequently be collected by conventional means. The device comprises a frame, extending rearwardly and to the sides from a forward, central "V"-formation, the frame to be carried behind a tractor, with a plurality of spaced cutting wheels rotatably suspended from the frame at the same height from the frame. The wheels are of sufficient size and strength to cut frozen soil to a predetermined depth. The wheels are oriented in parallel, straightforward relationship with respect to the frame. The first oi- the wheels is positioned at the central point and the other wheels are spaced outwardly and rearwardly on each side of the first wheel and positioned so that, in operation, the first wheel vertically cuts the soil along a center line, to the predetermined depth, and wheels on each side of the first wheel progressively vertically cut the soil to the predetermined depth and horizontally fracture it towards the center line.
The device further comprises means as~ociated with the frame to depress the cutting wheels to the predetermined depth in the frozen soil.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, connection means are associated with the frame to operatively connect the frame to a hydraulic support system of a tractor. In operation when the frame is thus connected, the hydraulic system provides the downward pressure and height control necessary to have the wheels cut the soil to the predetermined depth as the frame is drawn by the tractor.
As will be described in more detail subsequently, the device according to the present invention provides a simple design for cutting frozen top soil to a predetermined depth.
The dc vice according to the present invention is one which produces relatively low wear of the functional parts, relative to conventional devices. It provides increased integrity of surface soil when stripping in frozen ground conditions.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The following is a description by way of examples of preferred embodiment of the present invention, reference being rnade to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a tractor carrying a device for cutting, pulverizing and fracturing frozen top soil in accordance with the present invention.
FIGURE 2 is a schematic plan view, from below, of the device of FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 3 is a partial elevation side view of the device of FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 4 is a schematic: plan view, from below, of an alternative embodiment of the device according to the present i:rlvention incorporating shanks with cutting wheels.
FIGURE 5 is an elevation partial view of the device of FIGURE 3.
FIGURE 6 is a side view of one of the cutting wheels of the device in accordance with the present invention.
FIGURE 6a is a section view along a diagonal line of the cutting wheel of Figure 6.
While the invention will be described in conjunction with the illustrated embodiments, it will be understood tlhat it is not intended to limit the invention to such embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In the drawings, similar features have been given similar reference numerals.
Turning to Figure 1 there is illustrated a device 2 for cutting, fracturing and pulverizing frozen top soil to a predetermined depth, in accordance with the present invention carriecl behind a tractor 4 as will be described in more detail subsequently.
The device comprises a frame 6.. A plurality of spaced, cutting wheels 12 extend rearwardly and sidewardly from a forward, central point 10, in "V" configuration and are rotatably suspended from supports 14 so that wheels 12 are all carried at the same distance 20 from l:he frame. The wheels are of sufficient size and strength to cut frozen soil to a predetermined depth. The wheels are preferably about 1 inch in thickness and have a diameter of about 12 inches up to about 24 inches or more, with sharpened peripheral cutting edges 16 as can be seen in Figure 6. The cutting wheels 12 are spaced approximately the same distance from adjacent cutting wheels, that dista.nce preferably being about 4 to about 8 inches. The 5 wheels are oriented in parallel, straightforward relationship with respect to the frame, so that when frame 6 is pulled by tractor 4, the wheels cut in the same direction as the tractor is travelling.
As can be seen in Figure 2, a first of cutting wheels 12 is positioned at the centra]L point 10 of frame 6, and the other wheels 12 are spaced outwardly and rearwardly on 10 each side of that first wheel 12. The laleral distance between adjacent wheels is important to achieve the desired operation of the device, namely that the first wheel vertically cuts the soil along a center line, to the predetermined depth, and wheels 12 on each side of the first wheel then progressively vertically cut and horizontally fracture towards the center line the soil to the predetermined depth.
In order to ensure that the wheels cut the soil to the predetermined depth, applopliate means 18, in the illustrated embodiment being the tractor's hydraulic support system 20, are provided. It is nPcess~ry to have sufficient downward pressure exerted by hydraulic system 20, to have the wheels cut the soil to the predetermined depth as the frame is drawn by the tractor along a distance, and m~in~in the cutting wheels at that cutting depth 20 in the soil.
While it is preferred that a tractor's hydraulic system 20 provide the downward pressure and depth control for the cutting wheels, it is envisaged that other means may be provided, for instance through applopriate adjustable weight means associated with frame 6 (not illustrated).
In operation, the lead cutting wheel 12 cuts and fractures the soil. It provides initial penetration and cutting of the soil under pressure from the hydraulic system 20 of tractor 5 4. The following cutter wheels 12 slice the soil and cause the soil to fracture inwardly towards the center line where the soil has already been disturbed. The wheels cut vertically and the soil fractures horizontally. This process can be repeated until a desired width soil of cut aggregat has been formed.
In the alternative embodiment of device 2 in accordance with the present 10 invent-ion, as illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, certain of the wheels are replaced with shanks 22, placed at applop~iate locations between cutting wheels 12 as illustrated. The shanks 22 are intendled to rip and fracture the soil and provide, in the case of lead shank 22, initial penetration and downward pressure. The following cutter wheels 12 slice the soil and cause the soil fracture inwardly towards the c:enter line where the soil has already been disturbed.
15 The wheels cut vertically and soil fractures horizontally.
Any number of depth control mech~ni~m.~ can be used to assist maintenance of the cul:ting, pulverizing and fracturing of the soil to the predetermined depth, such as sliding feet 24 or wheels (not illustrated), with conventional height adjustment means 26 The size of frame 6 and number and positioning of wheels 12 may be varied, as determined by the tractor (or other machine) to which it is attached and the soil conditions in which it is intended to operate.
It will be understood that, through use of a device 2 as described and illustrated, benefils arise over conventional soil stripping machines including:
(1) increased integrity of surface soil when stripping unfrozen ground;
(2) simplicity of design allowing for cost effective production;
(3) increased speed of stripping is greatly increased;
(4) low wear relative to conventional devices; and (5) accurate depth control.
Thus, it is apparent that there has been provided in accordance with the invention a device for cutting frozen soil to a predetermined depth that fully satisfies the objects, aims and advantages set forth above. While the invention has been described in 10 conjunction with illustrated embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations as fall within the spirit and b:road scope of the invention.
Thus, it is apparent that there has been provided in accordance with the invention a device for cutting frozen soil to a predetermined depth that fully satisfies the objects, aims and advantages set forth above. While the invention has been described in 10 conjunction with illustrated embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations as fall within the spirit and b:road scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A device for cutting, pulverizing and fracturing frozen top soil to a predetermined depth, whereby the top soil can subsequently be collected by conventional means, the device comprising:
(a) a frame, the frame to be carried behind a tractor;
(b) a plurality of spaced cutting wheels extending in "V"-formation, rearwardly and sidewardly extending from a forward, central point, rotatably suspended from the frame at the same height from the frame, the wheels of sufficient size and strength to cut frozen soil to a predetermined depth, the wheels oriented in parallel, straightforward relationship with respect to the frame, a first of the wheels positioned at the central point and the other wheels spaced outwardly and rearwardly on each side of the first wheel; and (c) means associated with the frame to depress the cutting wheels to a predetermined depth in the frozen soil;
the wheels spaced from each other and positioned so that, in operation, the first wheel vertically cuts the soil along a center line, to the predetermined depth, and wheels on each side of the first wheel progressively vertically cut and horizontally fracture it towards the center line to the predetermined depth.
(a) a frame, the frame to be carried behind a tractor;
(b) a plurality of spaced cutting wheels extending in "V"-formation, rearwardly and sidewardly extending from a forward, central point, rotatably suspended from the frame at the same height from the frame, the wheels of sufficient size and strength to cut frozen soil to a predetermined depth, the wheels oriented in parallel, straightforward relationship with respect to the frame, a first of the wheels positioned at the central point and the other wheels spaced outwardly and rearwardly on each side of the first wheel; and (c) means associated with the frame to depress the cutting wheels to a predetermined depth in the frozen soil;
the wheels spaced from each other and positioned so that, in operation, the first wheel vertically cuts the soil along a center line, to the predetermined depth, and wheels on each side of the first wheel progressively vertically cut and horizontally fracture it towards the center line to the predetermined depth.
2. A device according to claim 1 further provided with connection means associated with the frame to operatively connect the frame to a hydraulic support system of a tractor, in operation when the frame is thus connected, the hydraulic system providing the downward pressure and height control necessary to have the wheels cut the soil to the predetermined depth as the frame is drawn by the tractor along a distance.
3. A device according to claim 1 wherein a plurality of shanks are suspended from the frame, the shanks being downwardly and forwardly oriented and positioned so as to assist in sinking the cutting wheels to the predetermined depth and maintaining them at that depth during the cutting operation.
4. A device according to claim 1 wherein the cutting wheels are equally spaced from adjacent cutting wheels laterally a distance of from about 4 inches to about 8 inches.
5. A device according to claim 4 wherein the cutting wheels are about 1 inch thick and have a diameter in the range of from of about 12 inches to about 24 inches, with sharpened peripheral cutting edges.
6. A device according to claim 5 wherein the cutting wheels are spaced at a lateral distance of about 8 inches from adjacent cutting wheels.
7. A device according to claim 2 wherein the device is further provided with depth control means for the cutting wheels. the depth control means selected from the group comprising sliding feet and support wheels.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US9955898A | 1998-06-18 | 1998-06-18 | |
| US09/099,558 | 1998-06-18 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2237001A1 CA2237001A1 (en) | 1998-08-10 |
| CA2237001C true CA2237001C (en) | 1999-08-31 |
Family
ID=22275585
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2237001 Expired - Lifetime CA2237001C (en) | 1998-06-18 | 1998-07-10 | Frozen top soil cutter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA2237001C (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2284115C (en) | 1999-09-28 | 2005-07-12 | Allan Mason Ritchie | Frozen topsoil plow |
-
1998
- 1998-07-10 CA CA 2237001 patent/CA2237001C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2237001A1 (en) | 1998-08-10 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request |