CA2211017A1 - Wear resistant image printing on latex surfaces - Google Patents
Wear resistant image printing on latex surfacesInfo
- Publication number
- CA2211017A1 CA2211017A1 CA002211017A CA2211017A CA2211017A1 CA 2211017 A1 CA2211017 A1 CA 2211017A1 CA 002211017 A CA002211017 A CA 002211017A CA 2211017 A CA2211017 A CA 2211017A CA 2211017 A1 CA2211017 A1 CA 2211017A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- parts
- rubber
- ink
- formulation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/106—Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
- B41M1/26—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper
- B41M1/32—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper on rubber
Abstract
There is provided a method and novel formulation for printing images on a latex rubber surface. An ink containing natural or synthetic rubber, a pigment dispersion, and an aromatically unsaturated solvent medium for said rubber is used. The stability of the image is improved providing to the rubber molecules of the ink, an agent, such as an aryl diisocyanate, that will form a tough, flexible, chemically resistant matrix between the rubber molecules of the ink, the base coat, where present and the latex surface. A base coat may be used upon the latex surface to anchor the printing ink thereto. This base coat can comprise a natural rubber in an aromatically unsaturated solvent and may also contain the aryl diisocyante. The method may be improved by certain post printing steps such as heating and curing the printed product.
Description
"~ CA 02211017 1997-07-02 ~ ; :
';
WEAR RESISTANT IMAGE PRINTING ON LATEX SURFACES
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The printing of rubber articles made from rubber latex.
DISCUSSION OF THE PRIOR ART
The printing of rubber articles made from rubber latex, in particuiar natural rubber latex, is well known in the art. Balloons have been printed using natural rubber solutions in mineral spirits. These solutions yield a print10 which can be easily removed by common household detergents and chemicals.
Ink systems for latex rubber, in particular natural latex articles and, more specifically, latex rubber gloves require a degree of chemical resistance 15 not found commercially today. Rubber gloves commonly are exposed to a variety of household chemicals including detergents, bleach, ammonia, oils and grease, polishes, disinfectants, etc. Any decorative system for rubber gloves should be resistant to these common materials. It would therefore be desirable to provide a decorative technique which comprises a printing 20 system for the surface of such rubber articles wherein the printed image is resistant to common household chemicals.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
There is provided a method for printing images on a latex rubber 25 surface which comprises applying an ink con~aining natural or synthetic rubber, pigment dispersion, and a solvent medium, in particular an aromatically unsaturated solvent medium for said rubber.
A critical feature of the invention is the presence of an agent capable 30 upon cure, of forming a chemi~,ally and abrasion resistant, tough flexible structure integrating the rubber of said base coat, where it is present, the ' CA 02211017 1997-07-02 rubber of the ink, together with the pigment therein, and the rubber of the latex surface, in at least one of the base coat and the ink. The mechanism if this integration is not fully understood, but its creation of a surprising level of resistance thereby is unquestionably novel.
The preferred integrating agent is, suitably an aryl diisocyanate.
Where the rubber containing ink is used over a base coat of natural rubber in such a solvent, the aryl diisocyanate may be either in the base coat or the ink.
A base coat of natural rubber in such a suitable solvent is required, where the rubber in the ink is synthetic rubber. The integrating agent, such as an aryl diisocyanate may be either in the base coat or the ink. However, a portion of the solvent may be replaced by a terpene, a terpenoid or a high 15 boiling ketone suitably having a boiling point over 1 20~C, such as isophorone or the like.
The efficacy of the printing may be improved by certain pre- and post-printing steps. One such additional step, is heating the printing surface.
20 Another, highly desirable, added step, is placing a base coat upon the printing s~rfass that r~el~es th~ irnag~, !n crle embodim~t of the processj this base coat is allowed to dry to tackiness before the image is printed. As stated above, this base coat comprises natural rubber in an aromatically unsaturated solvent.
. . . ~ . ,, The ink as well as the base coat may be applied using a number of common printing techniques including: gravure printing, flexo printing, screen printing, and pad printing. Pad printing however, has been found to be superior for the inventive purposes, such as: printing individual rubber 30 articles like rubber gloves.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRE~D EMBODIMENTS
There is provided a method and a formulation for printing images on latex rubber surfaces. It is desirable that the weight amount of the aryl diisocyanate is between 0.5 and 3.0 times that of the total rubber in 5 solution within the ink or within the base coat where used or both. The rubber may be natural rubber or synthetic rubber. Suitably, the diisocyanate is selected from the group consisting of toluene -, methylene diphenyl- and polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanates, and mixtures thereof.
The rubber in the ink may be natural rubber or synthetic rubber such as neoprene rubber or blends thereof. For good printing, the ink, at printing time, should have a viscosity at 20~C of between 800 and 3000 cps. The use of synthetic rubber in the ink is preferred over natural rubber since its chemical resistance is greater. However natural rubber, when mixed with 15 aryl diisocyanate will provide sufficient resis~ivity. Aryl diisocyanate whencured per se will form a hard brittle product, In the presence of rubber, it becomes integrated therewith to yield a flexible, tough, and chemically resistant structure or matrix, that provides the unique printing product associated with this invention.
Inks containing the diisocyanate should be promptly used after mixing, suitably withir~ 10 hours of preparation.
Prior art printing solvents generally use mineral spirits, such as:
25 aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbons. In contrast, the solvents used in the inks and precoat of the invention, are aromatically, unsaturated solvents.
Aliphatic esters of aromatic acids, or higher liquid aromatic hydrocarbons are preferred. Especially suitable, is methyl naphthalene. The latter may, under certain conditions, be partially replaced with terpenes, or terpenoids, such 30 as: dilimonene, or high boiling ketones, such as: isophorone. The methyl naphthalene, however, is preferred. Glidsol 90, manufactured by SCM
WO 96/21701 PCT/U:~6~163 Glisol Organics, 210 Summit Ave., Montvale NJ 07645, is a terpene formulation that is especially preferred. Terpenes and terpenoids can be used in the base coat, but this is not preferred. It should be noted, that commercial methyl naphthalene, is in fact, a complex mixture containing 5 dimethyl naphthalene, ethyl methyl naphthalene, and other heavy, fractional coal tar components.
The actual amounts of rubber, solvents, and pigments used in the printing formulations of this invention, may vary quite substantially 10 depending on the desired consistency and drying speed. The desired inl<
viscosity range at 20~C., is approximately between 800 and 3,000 cps.
Approximately between 5 and 40 wt% of pigment is contained in the ink composition.
The image to be printed on a latex rubber surface in accordance with the ink formulation of this invention, is not particularly dependent upon any conventional printing method. Stability of the image is improved by the additional step of heating the printed surface. Suitably, the heating is accomplished in a temperature range of from approximately 95 to 130~C.
20 for 10 to 20 minutes, or approximately frorn 190 to 230~C. for 3 to 8 seconds .
Heat curing can increase the chemical and abrasive resistance of the printed ink image to the commonly used, household cleaner, Pine Sol~. A
25 simple test of ink image endurance is to rub the printed image with a pad impregnated with Pine Sol at recommended, household detergent strength.
Resistance of Neoprene, and natural rubber-containing inks of this invention, are capable of withstanding 35 to 100 rubs. This is achievable with the inventive ink formulations due to the presence of the aryl diisocyanate, 30 which as aforementioned, intimately embeds within the rubber molecules.
Wo 96/21701 PCTIUS96100163 The resistance of the printed image may also be improved by certain pre-, and post-printing steps. Washing the surface of the article with water and surfactant, followed by drying; or just washing the surface with a hydrocarbon solvent, will improve the printing process. The washing 5 procedure, however, is not recommended for gloves containing flock on their inner surfaces. Heating the printed irnage for approximately 3 to 6 seconds at approximately between 1 90-220~C., is helpful.
One of the unusual, and totally unexpected aspects of this invention, 10 is the ability of the printed image product to become increasingly resistant to chemical attack and abrasion with time. It has been observed that while the printed image product is contact stable immediately after the initial heating step, the resistance to chemical abrasion continues to build towards a maximum over an extended period at ambient temperature. Testing 15 reveals that the printed image product reaches maximum efficacy between 20 and 60 days after printing. This slow cure does not pose a marketing problem, however, because the mean time between manufacture and the arrival at the point of sale of a typical printed latex rubber glove, is usuallyabout 75 days.
Printed image stability is also improved by placing a base coat upon the surface receiving the printed image. l~he base coat is applied and allowed to dry until tacky. The image is then printed upon the tacky base coat surface. The base coat can comprise natural rubber in an aromatically 25 unsaturated solvent. Suitably, this base coat also contains an aryl diisocyanate, in an approximate weight amount of between 0.5 and 3.0 times that of the rubber. in solution.
One method of printing an image on a latex rubber surface includes 30 preparing a clear base coat solution, comprising natural rubber of approximately one to ten parts by weight in an aromatic hydrocarbon 1~ , CA 02211017 1997-07-02 - ' solvent of approximately 45 to 50 parts by weight. This clear base coat solution is then admixed with a premixed moiety comprising an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent of approximately between 2 to 15 parts by weight containing an aryl diisocyanate of approximately 1 to 30 parts by weight.
5 The above admixture is then mixed with a pigment having an approximate weight of between 0.3 to 5.0 times that of the rubber in solution. The components of this formulation, viz., the clear coat, the premix, and the pigment, are mixed at ambient temperature, and then printed upon the latex rubber surface preferably within 10 hours of the mixing.
A generally preferred method of printing an image on a latex rubber surface comprises the step of applying a base coat to the rubber surface containing natural rubber in approximate range by weight of between 5 to 15 parts in a solvent approximatély ranging in weight between 80 to 120 15 parts, and an aryl diisocyanate ranging in weight between 0 to 45 parts.
The image is then printed onto the base coat utilizing an ink whose formulation comprises natural or synthetic rubber in approximately 1 to 10 parts by weight; a rubber solvent in the approximate weight of between 30 to 60 parts; a pigment of approximately 0.3 to 5.0 times the weight of the 20 rubber; and an aryl diisocyanate in the weight range of approximately 0 to 30 parts.
The rubber solvent in the aforesaid formulation can be an aromatic hydrocarbon, a terpene, a terpenoid, a ketone boiling above 1 20~C., or a 25 mixture thereof. The rubber solvent in the base coat may be an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent comprising approximately 60 to 90 parts by weight, a terpene, or terpenoid solvent in approximate weight of between 0 to 60 parts. The rubber solvent in the ink may be an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent comprising approximately 30 to 50 parts by weight, and a terpene 30 or terpenoid solvent of approxin,alely 0 to 30 parts by weight.
wo 96/21701 PCTtUS96/00163 Various combinations of base coat and ink compositions are within the scope of the present invention. In one embodiment, the ink comprises synthetic rubber in approximately 1 to 10 parts by weight; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent in about 30 to 80 parts by weight; and a pigment that 5 is 0.3 to 5 parts by weight. The base coat can comprise natural rubber in approximate weight of between 5 to 15 parts; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent in approximately 80 to 120 parts by weight; and an aryl diisocyanate in approximate weight of between 1 to 45 parts.
In another embodiment the ink comprises synthetic rubber in approximate weight of between 1 to 10 parts; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent of approximately 30 to 60 parts by weight; a pigment in approximate weight of between 0.3 to 5.0 parts; and an aryl diisocyanate approximately 1 to 30 parts by weight. The base coat can comprise natural 15 rubber approximately 5 to 15 parts by weight in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent comprising approximately 80 to 120 parts by weight.
In a further embodiment the ink comprises synthetic rubber in about 1 to 10 parts by weight; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent approximately 15 20 to 60 parts by weight; a terpene, or terpenoid solvent in approximate weight range of 5 to 40 parts; and a pigment approximately 0.3 to 5.0 parts by weight. The base coat comprises natural rubber approximately between 5 to 15 parts by weight; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent in an approximate weight range of between 80 to 120 parts; and an aryl diisocyanate of about 25 1 to 45 parts by weight.
In yet another embodiment the ink comprises synthetic rubber in ~ approximate weight range of 1 to 10 parts; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent of about 15 to 60 parts by weight; a terpene, or terpenoid solvent of 30 approximately 5 to 40 parts by weight; a pigment in a weight range of between 0.3 to 5.0 parts, and an aryl diisocyanate in approximate weight WO 96/21701 PCTlU~Gl~v163 of between 1 to 30 parts. The base coat comprises natural rubber from approximately 5 to 15 parts by weight in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent of about 80 to 90 parts by weight.
It is to be reiterated, that the aromatic hydrocarbon of choice in the above formulations, is commercial grade methyl naphthalene.
wo 96/21701 PcrluS~6/00163 EXAMPLES
Printing Methodology .
A series of printing stations each comprise pad printer. The printing stations are aligned to provide sequential processing. A first printing station is charged with the base coat, and the pigmented printing ink is charged to the second printing station. A number of colors may be printed by placing additional pad printing stations in line all subsequent to the first base coat 10 printer. It has been found that improved results are obtained by not allowing the base coat to thoroughly dry before the pigmented ink is applied .
A slight base coat tackiness should remain as the rubber glove passes under subsequent print stations. Heat is applied to the print surface by contact heating with a teflon coated aluminum plated heater to an approximate 15 temperature of 21 5~C. for five seconds. The heating procedure assists in the cure of the printing ink, which effects its ability to resist chemical attack and abrasiom Additional improvement is obtained by placing the rubber gloves in an 20 oven heated to 1 20~C for approximately fifteen minutes~
Stability Test A test was developed to compare the ability of ink formulations to 25 withstand exposure to common household chemicals. It was found that Pine Sol~, manufactured by IMFC by Clorox Co., Oakland, CA, most readily attacked rubber ink systems. A 50% solution of Pine Sol~ in water was ~ applied to a commercial paper towel. The saturated paper towel was rubbed across the print surface applying moderate hand pressure. The number of 30 rubbing cycles that would erase the image was recorded. Each rubbing cycle consisted of a back-and-forth rubbing motion comprising 4 cm. in ,, .. ...
length. As an example, a printed image that comprises a balloon ink was found to disappear in as little as one cycle.
In the subsequent Tables of Results, certain abbreviations are used:
5 SMRL: Standard Malaysian Rubber Light ( Latex); Alcan Rubber & Chemical Inc., New York NY
DABCO T-12 (Dibutyltin Dilaurate): Air Products & Chemicals Inc., Allentown PA
PAPI 2021: polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate mfg. by Dow Chemical 10 Company, Plastics Div., Midland Ml.
Di-XXXX Pigments: 25% Pigment, 75% Dinonyl Phthalate; Mfg by Cardinal Color Inc., Paterson NJ 07524 NEOPRENE GW: Dupont Co., Elastomer Div., Wilmington DE
STALITE S: R.T. Vanderbilt, Norwalk, CT
Solutions were prepared using a Versamix mixer model MW5 of one gallon capacity obtained from Ross & Co., Long Island, N. Y. Mixing was accompllshed using a slow agitation speed setting for five days.
As used in these Tables of Result$ and the claims herein, the term:
''parts '' ~fers ~ parts by ~eight ~,~t prcpcrtio~s. Th~ tota! for ar,y composition may be more or less than 100.
Example I
A printing ink is prepared as follows:
- PARTS
Neoprene GW 1 7.0 Methyl Naphthalene # 5 41.33 Limonene 145 41.33 Pigment Dispersion: Blue Di-61 12 20.0 30 Agerite Stalite 0.34 Total 1 20 ~ CA 02211017 1997-07-02 , ' ', ;;~ ;;;:' ', . .
An image was imprinted upon a latex surface using the above formulation. The aforementioned rubbing test was performed using pads impregnated with Pine Sol~. The test was conducted 12 days after printing.
5 The printed image was air cured. Only one rub was required to remove the image.
- Example ll In the ink formulation given in Example 1, 17 parts of PAPI 2020 were 10 added to the ink.' After printing an image upon a latex surface, a Pine sol~
test was performed after 12 days. The printed image was air cured at ambient. It required 6 rubs to erase the image.
Example !ll 15 A base coat is prepared as follows:
PARTS
Std. Malaysian Rubber Light (SMRL) 8.85 Dabco T12__ __ _ _ __0.6_ __ Methyl Naphthalene #5 91.15 .. . .
Total 1 00.57 The above base coat was applied to a natural rubber surface just prior to application of the ink shown in Example ll. A Pine sol~ rubbing test was performed after 12 days. It took approximately between 12 to 22 rubs to 25 remove the printed image. This test was additionally performed using a cure of 60 days. The image required 40 rubs for removal.
Example IV Natural rubber ink To the composition of Example lll was added PAPI 2020 8 parts Blue Di-6 1 1 2 20 parts ,- CA 02211017 1997-07-02 ', '. '.-'~ t The Pine sol~ rubbing Test was performed after the printed image was allowed to cure for 9 days. The image was removed after 16 rubs.
Example V
An ink of Example IV was applied over a base coat of Example lll.
The Pine sol rubbing test was performed after 9 days cure of the printed image. It took 36 rubs to remove the printed image.
Example Vl 10 Further Test resùlts: STANDARD 4 COLOR RUBBER INK FORMULATIONS
CLEAR BLACK YELLOW RED BLUE BASE
Me.Naphthalene #5 44.9 SMRL 4.8 Dabco T-12 -- - 0.3 TOTAL 50.0 Clear 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 Yellow Dl-4225 0 10.0 ' 0 0 0 Red Dl-2023 0 0 10.0 0 0 Blue-DI 6112 0 0 0 10.0 0 Black Dl-9017 4.0 0 0 0 0 Me.Naphthalene 9.3 4.3 4.3 9.3 4.3 #5 PAPI(202t ) - - 4.3- 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 TOTAL PARTS 67.6 68.6 68.6 73.6 58.6 All colours printed together in a design pattern.
Cure time: 60 days. Pine sol test: More than 40 rubs to failure ' CA 02211017 1997-07-02 , ~
Example Vll NATURAL RUBBER INKS - NO BASE
SMRL 4.425 4.425 4.425 4.425 Methyl Naphthalene #5 45.58 45.58 45.58 45.58 DABCO T-12 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 3 Methyl Naphthalene #5 --- 0.5 3.0 15.0 IPremix) ~ PAPI 2020 (Premix) --- 0.5 3.0 15.0 Blue Dl-6112 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 TOTAL PARTS 60.306 61.305 66.305 90.305 % SMRL NR-PAPI 2020 ---Ratio 8.85: 1.0 1.48: 1.0 0.3: 1.0 RESULTS (time of cure/rubs to failure) 30 DAYS 10 . 20 20 20 Air Cure, Hot Stamp, 200~C., 3 sec ~ CA 02211017 1997-07-02 --, . ;.
Example Vlll NATURAL RUBBER INK WITH BASE COAT
base coat A-92 B-9Z H-92 SMRL 4.425 4.425 4.425 4.425 Methyl Naphthalene #5 45.58 45.58 45.58 45.58 DABCO T-12 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Methyl Naphthalene ~5 --- 0.5 3.0 15.0 (Premix) PAPI 2020 (Premix) --- 0.5 3.0 15.0 Blue Dl-6112 10.0 10.0 10.0 TOTAL PARTS 50.306 61.305 66.305 90.305 % SMRL NR-PAPI 2020 --- 8.85:1.0 1.48:1.0 0.3:1.0 Ratio RESULTS (time of cure/rubs to failure) Air Cure, Hot Stamp, 200~C., 3 sec ' Example IX
STANDARD NEOPRENE INK FORMULATIONS
CLEAR BLACK YELLOW RED BLUE BASE
Methyl Naphthalene #5 44.9 N atural Rubber,SMRL 4.8 Dabco T-12 0.3 (Clear) 50 0 50 0 0 0 0 1 0 Methyl 24.80 Naphthalene #5 Limonene 145 16.53 Neoprene GW 8.50 Agerite Stalite S 0.17 1 5 (Neoclear) 50.0 0 50.0 ,50.0 50.0 50.0 Yellow Dl-4225 0 10.0 0 0 0 Red Di-2023 0 0 10.0 0 0 Blue Dl-6112 0 0 0 10.0 0 Black Dl-9017 4.0 0 0 - 0 Methyl 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 4.3 Naphthalene #5 PAPI ) 0 0 0 0 4.3 TOTAL PARTS 62.6 68.6 68.6 68.6 58.6 The above inks were printed together in a design pattern over a base coat as described in the second portion of Example Vlll above.
Curing Time was 60 days. A rubbing Pine sol~ test required 40 rubs to remove the printed image.
~ CA 02211017 1997-07-02 ~ . . . . . . ... . .
.,, . . . - .' - ' ' -7 r.~ .
Example X
AIR CURE, HOT STAMP, 200~C., 3 sec.
BASE COAT:
SMRL 8.85 5 Methyl Naphthalene #5 91.15 DABCO T-1 2 O. 6 TOTAL 100. 6 Neoprene GW ,............. 8.5 8.5 8.5 Methyl Naphthalene #5 20.67 20.67 20.67 Limonene 145 20.67 20.67 20.67 Age Rite Stalite S 0.17 0.17 0.17 Blue Dl-6112 10.0 - 10.0 10.0 Methyl Naphthalene #5 (Premix) 1.0 6.0 12.0 1 5. PAPI 2020 (Premix) 1.0 6.0 12.0 TOTAL PARTS 62.01 72.01 84.01 Neoprene-PAPI 2020 8.85:1.0 1.42:1.0 0.71:1.0 PINE SOL TEST RESULTS
Irubs to ~ailure)- 2 days 11 20 12 12 days 11 20 22 ' . CA 02211017 1997-07-02 . .
Example Xl NATURAL/SYNTHETIC RUBBER INK BLENDS
SMRL 1.0 Methyl Naphthalene #5 10 4.0 PAPI-2020 0.33 0.23 0.19 Blue Dl-6112 0.1 4.0 3.33 Isophorone 4.0 1 0 D-Limonene 4.0 Cyclohexanone 4.0 10.0 Neoprene GW 4.0 Hypalon 20 3.33 Butyl Cellosolve Acetate 3.33 1 5 TOTAL PART5 11.43 20.23 20.17 Hypalon DupontTM- Chlorosulphonated Polyurethane Rubber (CSM
Rubber) G=Blend 75% B-133, 25% A-133 = Neoprene/ Natural Rubber H-Blend 75% C-133, 25% A-133 = Hypalon/ Natural Rubber B and C printed over Base G and H no base Pine -Sol Test (time of cure/rubs to
';
WEAR RESISTANT IMAGE PRINTING ON LATEX SURFACES
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The printing of rubber articles made from rubber latex.
DISCUSSION OF THE PRIOR ART
The printing of rubber articles made from rubber latex, in particuiar natural rubber latex, is well known in the art. Balloons have been printed using natural rubber solutions in mineral spirits. These solutions yield a print10 which can be easily removed by common household detergents and chemicals.
Ink systems for latex rubber, in particular natural latex articles and, more specifically, latex rubber gloves require a degree of chemical resistance 15 not found commercially today. Rubber gloves commonly are exposed to a variety of household chemicals including detergents, bleach, ammonia, oils and grease, polishes, disinfectants, etc. Any decorative system for rubber gloves should be resistant to these common materials. It would therefore be desirable to provide a decorative technique which comprises a printing 20 system for the surface of such rubber articles wherein the printed image is resistant to common household chemicals.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
There is provided a method for printing images on a latex rubber 25 surface which comprises applying an ink con~aining natural or synthetic rubber, pigment dispersion, and a solvent medium, in particular an aromatically unsaturated solvent medium for said rubber.
A critical feature of the invention is the presence of an agent capable 30 upon cure, of forming a chemi~,ally and abrasion resistant, tough flexible structure integrating the rubber of said base coat, where it is present, the ' CA 02211017 1997-07-02 rubber of the ink, together with the pigment therein, and the rubber of the latex surface, in at least one of the base coat and the ink. The mechanism if this integration is not fully understood, but its creation of a surprising level of resistance thereby is unquestionably novel.
The preferred integrating agent is, suitably an aryl diisocyanate.
Where the rubber containing ink is used over a base coat of natural rubber in such a solvent, the aryl diisocyanate may be either in the base coat or the ink.
A base coat of natural rubber in such a suitable solvent is required, where the rubber in the ink is synthetic rubber. The integrating agent, such as an aryl diisocyanate may be either in the base coat or the ink. However, a portion of the solvent may be replaced by a terpene, a terpenoid or a high 15 boiling ketone suitably having a boiling point over 1 20~C, such as isophorone or the like.
The efficacy of the printing may be improved by certain pre- and post-printing steps. One such additional step, is heating the printing surface.
20 Another, highly desirable, added step, is placing a base coat upon the printing s~rfass that r~el~es th~ irnag~, !n crle embodim~t of the processj this base coat is allowed to dry to tackiness before the image is printed. As stated above, this base coat comprises natural rubber in an aromatically unsaturated solvent.
. . . ~ . ,, The ink as well as the base coat may be applied using a number of common printing techniques including: gravure printing, flexo printing, screen printing, and pad printing. Pad printing however, has been found to be superior for the inventive purposes, such as: printing individual rubber 30 articles like rubber gloves.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRE~D EMBODIMENTS
There is provided a method and a formulation for printing images on latex rubber surfaces. It is desirable that the weight amount of the aryl diisocyanate is between 0.5 and 3.0 times that of the total rubber in 5 solution within the ink or within the base coat where used or both. The rubber may be natural rubber or synthetic rubber. Suitably, the diisocyanate is selected from the group consisting of toluene -, methylene diphenyl- and polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanates, and mixtures thereof.
The rubber in the ink may be natural rubber or synthetic rubber such as neoprene rubber or blends thereof. For good printing, the ink, at printing time, should have a viscosity at 20~C of between 800 and 3000 cps. The use of synthetic rubber in the ink is preferred over natural rubber since its chemical resistance is greater. However natural rubber, when mixed with 15 aryl diisocyanate will provide sufficient resis~ivity. Aryl diisocyanate whencured per se will form a hard brittle product, In the presence of rubber, it becomes integrated therewith to yield a flexible, tough, and chemically resistant structure or matrix, that provides the unique printing product associated with this invention.
Inks containing the diisocyanate should be promptly used after mixing, suitably withir~ 10 hours of preparation.
Prior art printing solvents generally use mineral spirits, such as:
25 aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbons. In contrast, the solvents used in the inks and precoat of the invention, are aromatically, unsaturated solvents.
Aliphatic esters of aromatic acids, or higher liquid aromatic hydrocarbons are preferred. Especially suitable, is methyl naphthalene. The latter may, under certain conditions, be partially replaced with terpenes, or terpenoids, such 30 as: dilimonene, or high boiling ketones, such as: isophorone. The methyl naphthalene, however, is preferred. Glidsol 90, manufactured by SCM
WO 96/21701 PCT/U:~6~163 Glisol Organics, 210 Summit Ave., Montvale NJ 07645, is a terpene formulation that is especially preferred. Terpenes and terpenoids can be used in the base coat, but this is not preferred. It should be noted, that commercial methyl naphthalene, is in fact, a complex mixture containing 5 dimethyl naphthalene, ethyl methyl naphthalene, and other heavy, fractional coal tar components.
The actual amounts of rubber, solvents, and pigments used in the printing formulations of this invention, may vary quite substantially 10 depending on the desired consistency and drying speed. The desired inl<
viscosity range at 20~C., is approximately between 800 and 3,000 cps.
Approximately between 5 and 40 wt% of pigment is contained in the ink composition.
The image to be printed on a latex rubber surface in accordance with the ink formulation of this invention, is not particularly dependent upon any conventional printing method. Stability of the image is improved by the additional step of heating the printed surface. Suitably, the heating is accomplished in a temperature range of from approximately 95 to 130~C.
20 for 10 to 20 minutes, or approximately frorn 190 to 230~C. for 3 to 8 seconds .
Heat curing can increase the chemical and abrasive resistance of the printed ink image to the commonly used, household cleaner, Pine Sol~. A
25 simple test of ink image endurance is to rub the printed image with a pad impregnated with Pine Sol at recommended, household detergent strength.
Resistance of Neoprene, and natural rubber-containing inks of this invention, are capable of withstanding 35 to 100 rubs. This is achievable with the inventive ink formulations due to the presence of the aryl diisocyanate, 30 which as aforementioned, intimately embeds within the rubber molecules.
Wo 96/21701 PCTIUS96100163 The resistance of the printed image may also be improved by certain pre-, and post-printing steps. Washing the surface of the article with water and surfactant, followed by drying; or just washing the surface with a hydrocarbon solvent, will improve the printing process. The washing 5 procedure, however, is not recommended for gloves containing flock on their inner surfaces. Heating the printed irnage for approximately 3 to 6 seconds at approximately between 1 90-220~C., is helpful.
One of the unusual, and totally unexpected aspects of this invention, 10 is the ability of the printed image product to become increasingly resistant to chemical attack and abrasion with time. It has been observed that while the printed image product is contact stable immediately after the initial heating step, the resistance to chemical abrasion continues to build towards a maximum over an extended period at ambient temperature. Testing 15 reveals that the printed image product reaches maximum efficacy between 20 and 60 days after printing. This slow cure does not pose a marketing problem, however, because the mean time between manufacture and the arrival at the point of sale of a typical printed latex rubber glove, is usuallyabout 75 days.
Printed image stability is also improved by placing a base coat upon the surface receiving the printed image. l~he base coat is applied and allowed to dry until tacky. The image is then printed upon the tacky base coat surface. The base coat can comprise natural rubber in an aromatically 25 unsaturated solvent. Suitably, this base coat also contains an aryl diisocyanate, in an approximate weight amount of between 0.5 and 3.0 times that of the rubber. in solution.
One method of printing an image on a latex rubber surface includes 30 preparing a clear base coat solution, comprising natural rubber of approximately one to ten parts by weight in an aromatic hydrocarbon 1~ , CA 02211017 1997-07-02 - ' solvent of approximately 45 to 50 parts by weight. This clear base coat solution is then admixed with a premixed moiety comprising an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent of approximately between 2 to 15 parts by weight containing an aryl diisocyanate of approximately 1 to 30 parts by weight.
5 The above admixture is then mixed with a pigment having an approximate weight of between 0.3 to 5.0 times that of the rubber in solution. The components of this formulation, viz., the clear coat, the premix, and the pigment, are mixed at ambient temperature, and then printed upon the latex rubber surface preferably within 10 hours of the mixing.
A generally preferred method of printing an image on a latex rubber surface comprises the step of applying a base coat to the rubber surface containing natural rubber in approximate range by weight of between 5 to 15 parts in a solvent approximatély ranging in weight between 80 to 120 15 parts, and an aryl diisocyanate ranging in weight between 0 to 45 parts.
The image is then printed onto the base coat utilizing an ink whose formulation comprises natural or synthetic rubber in approximately 1 to 10 parts by weight; a rubber solvent in the approximate weight of between 30 to 60 parts; a pigment of approximately 0.3 to 5.0 times the weight of the 20 rubber; and an aryl diisocyanate in the weight range of approximately 0 to 30 parts.
The rubber solvent in the aforesaid formulation can be an aromatic hydrocarbon, a terpene, a terpenoid, a ketone boiling above 1 20~C., or a 25 mixture thereof. The rubber solvent in the base coat may be an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent comprising approximately 60 to 90 parts by weight, a terpene, or terpenoid solvent in approximate weight of between 0 to 60 parts. The rubber solvent in the ink may be an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent comprising approximately 30 to 50 parts by weight, and a terpene 30 or terpenoid solvent of approxin,alely 0 to 30 parts by weight.
wo 96/21701 PCTtUS96/00163 Various combinations of base coat and ink compositions are within the scope of the present invention. In one embodiment, the ink comprises synthetic rubber in approximately 1 to 10 parts by weight; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent in about 30 to 80 parts by weight; and a pigment that 5 is 0.3 to 5 parts by weight. The base coat can comprise natural rubber in approximate weight of between 5 to 15 parts; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent in approximately 80 to 120 parts by weight; and an aryl diisocyanate in approximate weight of between 1 to 45 parts.
In another embodiment the ink comprises synthetic rubber in approximate weight of between 1 to 10 parts; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent of approximately 30 to 60 parts by weight; a pigment in approximate weight of between 0.3 to 5.0 parts; and an aryl diisocyanate approximately 1 to 30 parts by weight. The base coat can comprise natural 15 rubber approximately 5 to 15 parts by weight in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent comprising approximately 80 to 120 parts by weight.
In a further embodiment the ink comprises synthetic rubber in about 1 to 10 parts by weight; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent approximately 15 20 to 60 parts by weight; a terpene, or terpenoid solvent in approximate weight range of 5 to 40 parts; and a pigment approximately 0.3 to 5.0 parts by weight. The base coat comprises natural rubber approximately between 5 to 15 parts by weight; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent in an approximate weight range of between 80 to 120 parts; and an aryl diisocyanate of about 25 1 to 45 parts by weight.
In yet another embodiment the ink comprises synthetic rubber in ~ approximate weight range of 1 to 10 parts; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent of about 15 to 60 parts by weight; a terpene, or terpenoid solvent of 30 approximately 5 to 40 parts by weight; a pigment in a weight range of between 0.3 to 5.0 parts, and an aryl diisocyanate in approximate weight WO 96/21701 PCTlU~Gl~v163 of between 1 to 30 parts. The base coat comprises natural rubber from approximately 5 to 15 parts by weight in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent of about 80 to 90 parts by weight.
It is to be reiterated, that the aromatic hydrocarbon of choice in the above formulations, is commercial grade methyl naphthalene.
wo 96/21701 PcrluS~6/00163 EXAMPLES
Printing Methodology .
A series of printing stations each comprise pad printer. The printing stations are aligned to provide sequential processing. A first printing station is charged with the base coat, and the pigmented printing ink is charged to the second printing station. A number of colors may be printed by placing additional pad printing stations in line all subsequent to the first base coat 10 printer. It has been found that improved results are obtained by not allowing the base coat to thoroughly dry before the pigmented ink is applied .
A slight base coat tackiness should remain as the rubber glove passes under subsequent print stations. Heat is applied to the print surface by contact heating with a teflon coated aluminum plated heater to an approximate 15 temperature of 21 5~C. for five seconds. The heating procedure assists in the cure of the printing ink, which effects its ability to resist chemical attack and abrasiom Additional improvement is obtained by placing the rubber gloves in an 20 oven heated to 1 20~C for approximately fifteen minutes~
Stability Test A test was developed to compare the ability of ink formulations to 25 withstand exposure to common household chemicals. It was found that Pine Sol~, manufactured by IMFC by Clorox Co., Oakland, CA, most readily attacked rubber ink systems. A 50% solution of Pine Sol~ in water was ~ applied to a commercial paper towel. The saturated paper towel was rubbed across the print surface applying moderate hand pressure. The number of 30 rubbing cycles that would erase the image was recorded. Each rubbing cycle consisted of a back-and-forth rubbing motion comprising 4 cm. in ,, .. ...
length. As an example, a printed image that comprises a balloon ink was found to disappear in as little as one cycle.
In the subsequent Tables of Results, certain abbreviations are used:
5 SMRL: Standard Malaysian Rubber Light ( Latex); Alcan Rubber & Chemical Inc., New York NY
DABCO T-12 (Dibutyltin Dilaurate): Air Products & Chemicals Inc., Allentown PA
PAPI 2021: polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate mfg. by Dow Chemical 10 Company, Plastics Div., Midland Ml.
Di-XXXX Pigments: 25% Pigment, 75% Dinonyl Phthalate; Mfg by Cardinal Color Inc., Paterson NJ 07524 NEOPRENE GW: Dupont Co., Elastomer Div., Wilmington DE
STALITE S: R.T. Vanderbilt, Norwalk, CT
Solutions were prepared using a Versamix mixer model MW5 of one gallon capacity obtained from Ross & Co., Long Island, N. Y. Mixing was accompllshed using a slow agitation speed setting for five days.
As used in these Tables of Result$ and the claims herein, the term:
''parts '' ~fers ~ parts by ~eight ~,~t prcpcrtio~s. Th~ tota! for ar,y composition may be more or less than 100.
Example I
A printing ink is prepared as follows:
- PARTS
Neoprene GW 1 7.0 Methyl Naphthalene # 5 41.33 Limonene 145 41.33 Pigment Dispersion: Blue Di-61 12 20.0 30 Agerite Stalite 0.34 Total 1 20 ~ CA 02211017 1997-07-02 , ' ', ;;~ ;;;:' ', . .
An image was imprinted upon a latex surface using the above formulation. The aforementioned rubbing test was performed using pads impregnated with Pine Sol~. The test was conducted 12 days after printing.
5 The printed image was air cured. Only one rub was required to remove the image.
- Example ll In the ink formulation given in Example 1, 17 parts of PAPI 2020 were 10 added to the ink.' After printing an image upon a latex surface, a Pine sol~
test was performed after 12 days. The printed image was air cured at ambient. It required 6 rubs to erase the image.
Example !ll 15 A base coat is prepared as follows:
PARTS
Std. Malaysian Rubber Light (SMRL) 8.85 Dabco T12__ __ _ _ __0.6_ __ Methyl Naphthalene #5 91.15 .. . .
Total 1 00.57 The above base coat was applied to a natural rubber surface just prior to application of the ink shown in Example ll. A Pine sol~ rubbing test was performed after 12 days. It took approximately between 12 to 22 rubs to 25 remove the printed image. This test was additionally performed using a cure of 60 days. The image required 40 rubs for removal.
Example IV Natural rubber ink To the composition of Example lll was added PAPI 2020 8 parts Blue Di-6 1 1 2 20 parts ,- CA 02211017 1997-07-02 ', '. '.-'~ t The Pine sol~ rubbing Test was performed after the printed image was allowed to cure for 9 days. The image was removed after 16 rubs.
Example V
An ink of Example IV was applied over a base coat of Example lll.
The Pine sol rubbing test was performed after 9 days cure of the printed image. It took 36 rubs to remove the printed image.
Example Vl 10 Further Test resùlts: STANDARD 4 COLOR RUBBER INK FORMULATIONS
CLEAR BLACK YELLOW RED BLUE BASE
Me.Naphthalene #5 44.9 SMRL 4.8 Dabco T-12 -- - 0.3 TOTAL 50.0 Clear 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 Yellow Dl-4225 0 10.0 ' 0 0 0 Red Dl-2023 0 0 10.0 0 0 Blue-DI 6112 0 0 0 10.0 0 Black Dl-9017 4.0 0 0 0 0 Me.Naphthalene 9.3 4.3 4.3 9.3 4.3 #5 PAPI(202t ) - - 4.3- 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 TOTAL PARTS 67.6 68.6 68.6 73.6 58.6 All colours printed together in a design pattern.
Cure time: 60 days. Pine sol test: More than 40 rubs to failure ' CA 02211017 1997-07-02 , ~
Example Vll NATURAL RUBBER INKS - NO BASE
SMRL 4.425 4.425 4.425 4.425 Methyl Naphthalene #5 45.58 45.58 45.58 45.58 DABCO T-12 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 3 Methyl Naphthalene #5 --- 0.5 3.0 15.0 IPremix) ~ PAPI 2020 (Premix) --- 0.5 3.0 15.0 Blue Dl-6112 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 TOTAL PARTS 60.306 61.305 66.305 90.305 % SMRL NR-PAPI 2020 ---Ratio 8.85: 1.0 1.48: 1.0 0.3: 1.0 RESULTS (time of cure/rubs to failure) 30 DAYS 10 . 20 20 20 Air Cure, Hot Stamp, 200~C., 3 sec ~ CA 02211017 1997-07-02 --, . ;.
Example Vlll NATURAL RUBBER INK WITH BASE COAT
base coat A-92 B-9Z H-92 SMRL 4.425 4.425 4.425 4.425 Methyl Naphthalene #5 45.58 45.58 45.58 45.58 DABCO T-12 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Methyl Naphthalene ~5 --- 0.5 3.0 15.0 (Premix) PAPI 2020 (Premix) --- 0.5 3.0 15.0 Blue Dl-6112 10.0 10.0 10.0 TOTAL PARTS 50.306 61.305 66.305 90.305 % SMRL NR-PAPI 2020 --- 8.85:1.0 1.48:1.0 0.3:1.0 Ratio RESULTS (time of cure/rubs to failure) Air Cure, Hot Stamp, 200~C., 3 sec ' Example IX
STANDARD NEOPRENE INK FORMULATIONS
CLEAR BLACK YELLOW RED BLUE BASE
Methyl Naphthalene #5 44.9 N atural Rubber,SMRL 4.8 Dabco T-12 0.3 (Clear) 50 0 50 0 0 0 0 1 0 Methyl 24.80 Naphthalene #5 Limonene 145 16.53 Neoprene GW 8.50 Agerite Stalite S 0.17 1 5 (Neoclear) 50.0 0 50.0 ,50.0 50.0 50.0 Yellow Dl-4225 0 10.0 0 0 0 Red Di-2023 0 0 10.0 0 0 Blue Dl-6112 0 0 0 10.0 0 Black Dl-9017 4.0 0 0 - 0 Methyl 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 4.3 Naphthalene #5 PAPI ) 0 0 0 0 4.3 TOTAL PARTS 62.6 68.6 68.6 68.6 58.6 The above inks were printed together in a design pattern over a base coat as described in the second portion of Example Vlll above.
Curing Time was 60 days. A rubbing Pine sol~ test required 40 rubs to remove the printed image.
~ CA 02211017 1997-07-02 ~ . . . . . . ... . .
.,, . . . - .' - ' ' -7 r.~ .
Example X
AIR CURE, HOT STAMP, 200~C., 3 sec.
BASE COAT:
SMRL 8.85 5 Methyl Naphthalene #5 91.15 DABCO T-1 2 O. 6 TOTAL 100. 6 Neoprene GW ,............. 8.5 8.5 8.5 Methyl Naphthalene #5 20.67 20.67 20.67 Limonene 145 20.67 20.67 20.67 Age Rite Stalite S 0.17 0.17 0.17 Blue Dl-6112 10.0 - 10.0 10.0 Methyl Naphthalene #5 (Premix) 1.0 6.0 12.0 1 5. PAPI 2020 (Premix) 1.0 6.0 12.0 TOTAL PARTS 62.01 72.01 84.01 Neoprene-PAPI 2020 8.85:1.0 1.42:1.0 0.71:1.0 PINE SOL TEST RESULTS
Irubs to ~ailure)- 2 days 11 20 12 12 days 11 20 22 ' . CA 02211017 1997-07-02 . .
Example Xl NATURAL/SYNTHETIC RUBBER INK BLENDS
SMRL 1.0 Methyl Naphthalene #5 10 4.0 PAPI-2020 0.33 0.23 0.19 Blue Dl-6112 0.1 4.0 3.33 Isophorone 4.0 1 0 D-Limonene 4.0 Cyclohexanone 4.0 10.0 Neoprene GW 4.0 Hypalon 20 3.33 Butyl Cellosolve Acetate 3.33 1 5 TOTAL PART5 11.43 20.23 20.17 Hypalon DupontTM- Chlorosulphonated Polyurethane Rubber (CSM
Rubber) G=Blend 75% B-133, 25% A-133 = Neoprene/ Natural Rubber H-Blend 75% C-133, 25% A-133 = Hypalon/ Natural Rubber B and C printed over Base G and H no base Pine -Sol Test (time of cure/rubs to
2 5 failure) 6 Days 10 7 ~ 4 wo 96/21701 PCT/US96/00163 Since other modifications and changes varied to fit particular operating requirements and environments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the invention is not considered limited to the examples chosen for 5 purposes of disclosure, and covers all changes and modifications which do not constitute departures from the true spirit and scope of this invention.
Having thus described the invention, what is desired to be protected by Letters Patent is presented in the subsequently appended claims.
Having thus described the invention, what is desired to be protected by Letters Patent is presented in the subsequently appended claims.
Claims (37)
1. A formulation containing natural rubber, solvent therefor and pigment, for printing an image on a latex rubber surface which is resistant to abrasion and chemical attack, characterized therein that said formulation comprises as components:
a) a clear coat comprising: natural rubber and a solvent therefor, b) a premixed portion comprising: an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent and an integrating agent capable upon cure, of forming a chemically and abrasion resistant, tough flexible structure integrating the rubber of said clear coat with the rubber of said latex surface and c) pigment, said components being mixed prior to printing the image on said surface.
a) a clear coat comprising: natural rubber and a solvent therefor, b) a premixed portion comprising: an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent and an integrating agent capable upon cure, of forming a chemically and abrasion resistant, tough flexible structure integrating the rubber of said clear coat with the rubber of said latex surface and c) pigment, said components being mixed prior to printing the image on said surface.
2. The formulation of claim 1 wherein the clear coat solvent is selected from the group consisting of aromatically unsaturated solvents, terpenes and terpenoids.
3. The formulation of claims 1-2 wherein the agent is an aryl diisocyanate
4. The formulation of claims 1-3 wherein the approximate weight of aryl diisocyanate is between 0.5 and 3 times that of the rubber in the ink.
5. The formulation of claim 1-4 wherein a) the clear coat comprises natural rubber 1- 10 parts by weight and an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent: 45-55 parts by weight, b) the premixed portion comprises: an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent 2-15 parts by weight and the agent is an aryl diisocyanate: 1- 30 parts by weight;
and c) the pigment comprises 0.3-5.0 parts by weight.
and c) the pigment comprises 0.3-5.0 parts by weight.
6. The formulation of claim 5 wherein the diisocyanate is selected from the group consisting of toluene-, methylene diphenyl- and polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanates.
7. The formulation of claims 1-6 wherein the viscosity of the ink at time of printing is in the range of about 800 to about 3000 cps at 20°C
8. A formulation containing natural rubber, solvent therefor and pigment, for printing an image on a latex rubber surface which is resistant to abrasion and chemical attack, characterized therein that said formulation comprises as separate components:
a) a base coat comprising natural rubber, and a solvent for rubber and b) an ink comprising natural or synthetic rubber; a solvent for rubber and pigment;
provided that an agent capable upon cure, of forming a chemically and abrasion resistant, tough flexible structure integrating the rubber of said base coat, the rubber of said ink and the rubber of said latex surface is present in at least one of the base coat and the ink.
a) a base coat comprising natural rubber, and a solvent for rubber and b) an ink comprising natural or synthetic rubber; a solvent for rubber and pigment;
provided that an agent capable upon cure, of forming a chemically and abrasion resistant, tough flexible structure integrating the rubber of said base coat, the rubber of said ink and the rubber of said latex surface is present in at least one of the base coat and the ink.
9. The formulation of claim 8 wherein the agent is an aryl diisocyanate.
10. The formulation of claims 8-9 wherein the approximate weight of aryl diisocyanate is between 0.5 and 3 times that of the sum of the rubber in the base coat and in the ink.
11. The formulation of claims 8-10 wherein a) the base coat comprises natural rubber: 5-15 parts by weight, a solvent for rubber: 80-120 parts by weight, aryl diisocyanate, as integrating agent: 0- 45 parts by weight; and b) the ink comprises natural or synthetic rubber 1- 10 parts by weight; a solvent for rubber, 30-80 parts by weight; pigment: 0.3-5.0 parts by weight; and aryl diisocyanate, as integrating agent: 0- 30 parts by weight;
provided that aryl diisocyanate in the above range is present in at least one of the base coat and the ink.
provided that aryl diisocyanate in the above range is present in at least one of the base coat and the ink.
12. The formulation of Claims 8-11 wherein the solvent for rubber is at least one member of the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon, a terpene, a terpenoid or a ketone boiling above 120°C.
13. The formulation of claims 8-12 wherein, the diisocyanate is selected from the group consisting of toluene -, methylene diphenyl- and polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanates and mixtures thereof.
14. The formulation of claims 8-13 wherein a) the base coat comprises, as the solvent for rubber therein, an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent: 60-90 parts by weight, a terpene or terpenoid solvent:0-60 parts by weight;and b) the ink comprises, as the solvent for rubber therein an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent: 30-50 parts by weight and a terpene or terpenoid solvent:0-30 parts by weight.
15. The formulation of Claims 8-14 wherein a) the base coat comprises natural rubber: 5-15 parts by weight; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent: 80- 120 parts by weight; and aryldiisocyanate: 1-45 parts by weight and b) the ink comprises synthetic rubber: 1- 10 parts by weight; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent: 30-80 parts by weight; and pigment: 0.3-5 parts by weight.
16. The formulation of Claims 8-14 wherein a) the base coat comprises natural rubber: 5-15 parts by weight; and an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent: 80-120 parts by weight and b) the ink comprises synthetic rubber: 1- 10 parts by weight; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent: 30-60 parts by weight, pigment: 0.3-5.0 parts by weight: and aryl diisocyanate: 1- 30 parts by weight.
17. The formulation of Claims 8-14 wherein a) the base coat comprises natural rubber: 5-15 parts by weight; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent: 80-120 parts by weight and aryl diisocyanate: 1-45 parts by weight and b) the ink comprises synthetic rubber:1- 10 parts by weight; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent: 15-60 parts by weight; a terpene or terpenoid solvent;
5-40 parts by weight; and pigment: 0.3-5.0 parts by weight.
5-40 parts by weight; and pigment: 0.3-5.0 parts by weight.
18. The formulation of Claims 8-14 wherein a) the base coat comprises natural rubber: 5-15 parts by weight and an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent: 80-90 parts by weight and b) the ink comprises synthetic rubber: 1- 10 parts by weight; an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent: 15-60 parts by weight; a terpene or terpenoid solvent:
5-40 parts by weight; pigment: 0.3-5.0 parts by weight, and aryl diisocyanate: 1- 30 parts by weight.
5-40 parts by weight; pigment: 0.3-5.0 parts by weight, and aryl diisocyanate: 1- 30 parts by weight.
19. The formulation of claims 1-18 wherein the aromatic solvent is commercial grade methyl naphthalene.
20. A method of printing an image on a latex rubber surface which is resistant to abrasion and chemical attack, with a formulation containing natural rubber, solvent therefor and pigment, characterized by preparing an ink by mixing the formulation of any of Claims 1-7 at ambient temperature and printing the image on said surface with said ink.
21. The method of printing an image on a latex rubber surface which is resistant to abrasion and chemical attack, with a formulation containing natural rubber, solvent therefor and pigment, characterized by preparing an ink by mixing the formulation of Claim 2 at ambient temperature and printing the image on said surface with said ink.
22. The method of printing an image on a latex rubber surface which is resistant to abrasion and chemical attack, with a formulation containing natural rubber, solvent therefor and pigment, characterized by preparing an ink by mixing the formulation of Claim 5 at ambient temperature and printing the image on said surface with said ink within 10 hours of combining the components of the mixture.
23. The method of printing an image on a latex rubber surface which is resistant to abrasion and chemical attack, with a two part formulation of a base coat comprising natural rubber and solvent therefor and an ink comprising rubber, a solvent therefor and pigment, characterized by applying to said surface a) a base coat coating of any of Claims 8-19 and b) printing the image onto said base coat with an ink of any of Claims 8-19.
24. The method of claim 23 wherein the viscosity of the ink at time of printing is in the range of about 800 to about 3000 cps at 20°C
25. The method of claims 23-24 wherein the surface is a natural latex rubber surface.
26. The method of Claim 23-25 which comprises allowing said base coat to become tacky before printing with the ink.
27. The method of Claims 23-26 which comprises allowing said base coat to become dry before printing with the ink.
28. The method of Claims 23-27 comprising the additional step of heating the printed surface.
29. The method of claim 28 wherein the heating is carried out in a time and in a temperature range of from 95 to 130°C for 10 to 20 minutes.
30. The method of claim 28 wherein the heating is carried out in a time and in a temperature range of from 190 to 230°C for 3 to 8 seconds.
31. The method of claims 23-30 additionally comprising permitting the printed surface to cure at ambient conditions for from 5-60 days.
32. A rubber latex object having a design printed thereon by the method of claim 20.
33. A rubber latex object having a design printed thereon by the method of claim 23.
34. A natural rubber latex glove in accordance with claim 32.
35. A natural rubber latex glove in accordance with claim 33.
36. A natural rubber latex glove having a design printed thereon by the method of claim 22.
37. A rubber latex glove having a design printed thereon by the method of claim 23.
5 c:\wp51\magl\282b5.clm
5 c:\wp51\magl\282b5.clm
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US37002495A | 1995-01-09 | 1995-01-09 | |
| US08/370,024 | 1995-01-09 |
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|---|---|
| CA2211017A1 true CA2211017A1 (en) | 1996-07-18 |
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ID=23457914
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002211017A Abandoned CA2211017A1 (en) | 1995-01-09 | 1996-01-05 | Wear resistant image printing on latex surfaces |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0802953A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH11501337A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1176652A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR000644A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU703440B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9606896A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2211017A1 (en) |
| EA (1) | EA000164B1 (en) |
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| TW (1) | TW325444B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996021701A2 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA9693B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1175497A (en) * | 1968-06-25 | 1969-12-23 | Tallinsk Polt Inst | Improvements in and relating to Printing Inks |
| GB1295634A (en) * | 1968-11-26 | 1972-11-08 | ||
| JPH0392388A (en) * | 1989-09-05 | 1991-04-17 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Thermal transfer recording medium |
| US5158606A (en) * | 1991-03-06 | 1992-10-27 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Low rub printing ink |
-
1996
- 1996-01-05 AU AU46949/96A patent/AU703440B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-01-05 CA CA002211017A patent/CA2211017A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-01-05 JP JP8521749A patent/JPH11501337A/en active Pending
- 1996-01-05 CN CN96192238A patent/CN1176652A/en active Pending
- 1996-01-05 WO PCT/US1996/000163 patent/WO1996021701A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-01-05 EA EA199700099A patent/EA000164B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-01-05 BR BR9606896A patent/BR9606896A/en active Search and Examination
- 1996-01-05 EP EP96902610A patent/EP0802953A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-01-06 TW TW085100133A patent/TW325444B/en active
- 1996-01-07 IL IL11669096A patent/IL116690A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-01-08 ZA ZA9693A patent/ZA9693B/en unknown
- 1996-01-09 AR AR33496196A patent/AR000644A1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU703440B2 (en) | 1999-03-25 |
| IL116690A (en) | 1999-03-12 |
| AR000644A1 (en) | 1997-07-10 |
| JPH11501337A (en) | 1999-02-02 |
| BR9606896A (en) | 1997-10-21 |
| EA199700099A1 (en) | 1997-12-30 |
| AU4694996A (en) | 1996-07-31 |
| EP0802953A2 (en) | 1997-10-29 |
| TW325444B (en) | 1998-01-21 |
| MX9705033A (en) | 1998-07-31 |
| WO1996021701A2 (en) | 1996-07-18 |
| WO1996021701A3 (en) | 1996-09-12 |
| CN1176652A (en) | 1998-03-18 |
| EA000164B1 (en) | 1998-10-29 |
| IL116690A0 (en) | 1996-05-14 |
| ZA9693B (en) | 1996-08-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |