CA2144517A1 - Repellant material - Google Patents
Repellant materialInfo
- Publication number
- CA2144517A1 CA2144517A1 CA002144517A CA2144517A CA2144517A1 CA 2144517 A1 CA2144517 A1 CA 2144517A1 CA 002144517 A CA002144517 A CA 002144517A CA 2144517 A CA2144517 A CA 2144517A CA 2144517 A1 CA2144517 A1 CA 2144517A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- terpene
- polymer
- repelling
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
- C09D5/1606—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints characterised by the anti-fouling agent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/04—Oxygen or sulfur attached to an aliphatic side-chain of a carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N49/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds containing the group, wherein m+n>=1, both X together may also mean —Y— or a direct carbon-to-carbon bond, and the carbon atoms marked with an asterisk are not part of any ring system other than that which may be formed by the atoms X, the carbon atoms in square brackets being part of any acyclic or cyclic structure, or the group, wherein A means a carbon atom or Y, n>=0, and not more than one of these carbon atoms being a member of the same ring system, e.g. juvenile insect hormones or mimics thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/06—Coniferophyta [gymnosperms], e.g. cypress
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/14—Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
There is disclosed a composition comprising a terpene or terpene derivative and a polymer substituted by amine or amide groups. Optionally binders, thickeners and other conventional additives may also be included. The composition has insect repell-ing, aquatic organism repelling and fungi repelling properties.
Description
~094/06298 2 14 ~ ~ 17 PCT/GB93/01939 4 The present invention is concerned with a repellant material, and especially with a material which is 6 repellant to fungi, aquatic organisms and insects.
8 Flying insects are often considered to be a nuisance 9 and are a source of distraction or irritation to many people. Insects which bite or sting can cause physical 11 discomfort, with local irritation and pain being 12 experienced at the bite or sting site. Where the 13 number of bites or stings are large, or where the 14 victim is particularly vulnerable to such bites or stings, the pain caused can be considerable and there 16 have been instances where the shock induced is large 17 enough to cause coma.
19 More importantly, many insects transmit disease and therefore pose a serious health hazard. Thus, for 21 example nagana (tsetse fly disease) or "sleeping 22 sickness" is transmitted by tsetse flies and may affect 23 both man and cattle in Africa and South America.
24 Likewise malaria, which is transmitted by mosquitos, remains a health problem in many tropical areas.
27 Insects, including flying insects, also have important 28 ramifications in animal husbandry and the economic 29 value of animal herds may be adversely affected by W094/06298 2 1~ ~ ~ 17 PCT/GB93/019 1 insect presence or action. However, treating animals
8 Flying insects are often considered to be a nuisance 9 and are a source of distraction or irritation to many people. Insects which bite or sting can cause physical 11 discomfort, with local irritation and pain being 12 experienced at the bite or sting site. Where the 13 number of bites or stings are large, or where the 14 victim is particularly vulnerable to such bites or stings, the pain caused can be considerable and there 16 have been instances where the shock induced is large 17 enough to cause coma.
19 More importantly, many insects transmit disease and therefore pose a serious health hazard. Thus, for 21 example nagana (tsetse fly disease) or "sleeping 22 sickness" is transmitted by tsetse flies and may affect 23 both man and cattle in Africa and South America.
24 Likewise malaria, which is transmitted by mosquitos, remains a health problem in many tropical areas.
27 Insects, including flying insects, also have important 28 ramifications in animal husbandry and the economic 29 value of animal herds may be adversely affected by W094/06298 2 1~ ~ ~ 17 PCT/GB93/019 1 insect presence or action. However, treating animals
2 with an insecticide can be labour intensive, expensive
3 and cause environmental side-effects.
Similarly, aquatic organisms can cause fouling of 6 boats, ships or oil-rigs and the like causing damage if 7 the surface affected is not cleaned on a regular basis 8 which can be a difficult and expensive process. Fungal 9 growth, for example in buildings, on plants or even medical fungal infections can also be a serious 11 problem. Established fungal growth in buildings (eg, 12 dry rot) may cause structural and ultimately safety 13 difficulties. However, complete eradication or 14 treatment of any fungal infections is time-consuming and difficult.
17 Conventional insect repellants include DDT, rotenone, 18 lead arsenic, Gammexane, hydrogen cyanide, ethylene 19 oxide and formaldehyde. However, due to their toxic 20 nature, such insecticides are not suitable for general 21 human use as a means of avoiding insect contact.
22 Moreover, these insecticides tend to be highly non-23 selective and can therefore have wide-ranging effects 2 4 on the environment.
26 Insect repellants generally contain diethyltoluamide 27 (deet) as the active ingredient. However, 28 diethyltoluamide is also toxic and is absorbed through 29 the skin causing side effects ranging from skin 30 irritation to the death of children who are over-31 exposed to it.
3 3 The present invention provides a composition comprising 34 a terpene or terpene derivative and a polymer 21~517 1 substituted by amine and/or amide groups.
3 The term '~terpene" includes all compounds classified as
Similarly, aquatic organisms can cause fouling of 6 boats, ships or oil-rigs and the like causing damage if 7 the surface affected is not cleaned on a regular basis 8 which can be a difficult and expensive process. Fungal 9 growth, for example in buildings, on plants or even medical fungal infections can also be a serious 11 problem. Established fungal growth in buildings (eg, 12 dry rot) may cause structural and ultimately safety 13 difficulties. However, complete eradication or 14 treatment of any fungal infections is time-consuming and difficult.
17 Conventional insect repellants include DDT, rotenone, 18 lead arsenic, Gammexane, hydrogen cyanide, ethylene 19 oxide and formaldehyde. However, due to their toxic 20 nature, such insecticides are not suitable for general 21 human use as a means of avoiding insect contact.
22 Moreover, these insecticides tend to be highly non-23 selective and can therefore have wide-ranging effects 2 4 on the environment.
26 Insect repellants generally contain diethyltoluamide 27 (deet) as the active ingredient. However, 28 diethyltoluamide is also toxic and is absorbed through 29 the skin causing side effects ranging from skin 30 irritation to the death of children who are over-31 exposed to it.
3 3 The present invention provides a composition comprising 34 a terpene or terpene derivative and a polymer 21~517 1 substituted by amine and/or amide groups.
3 The term '~terpene" includes all compounds classified as
4 monoterpenes of formula CloHl6 whether of acyclic or cyclic structure. Cyclic terpenes may be either 6 monocyclic or bicyclic.
8 The term "terpene derivative" includes substituted 9 terpene compounds, terpene compounds having one or more double and/or triple carbon-carbon bonds, and the nor-11 terpenes (wherein a methyl group is replaced by 12 hydrogen). Substituents of the terpene derivatives 13 mentioned above include alkyl groups, especially lower 14 alkyl groups such as Cl6 alkyl, hydroxy groups, amino groups, thiol groups and halogen atoms, for example 16 chlorine, bromine, fluorine or iodine.
18 As examples of terpene compounds, the following may be 19 mentioned:
22 p-menthane 26 thujane carane A',Y'.ET~DE~ SHEET
W094/06298 21 4 ~ 51 7 PcT/GB93/ol939 1 pinane 6 bornane ~ ~
8 ~ /
9 1,1,2,3-tetramethylcyclohexane 13 As examples of terpene derivatives, the following may 14 be mentioned:
l7 1-p-menthane 21 1,4 (8)-p-menthadiene ~
24 1,2,3,3-tetramethyl-1-cyclohexene 29 4(10)-thujene S-isopropyl-blcyclo[3.l.0]-hex-2-ene 2lA ~ ~1 ~ PCT/GB93/01939 ~D
1 camphene 2-carene~ ~
7 ~ \ ~ C
9 2(10),3-pinadiene 1 \
13 ~-terpinene lG
17 pinene 21 Preferred terpene derivatives are terpene alcohols such 22 as terpineol (C,(,H~70H).
24 A mixture of terpenes and terpene derivatives may also be used in the composition of the present invention.
26 One naturally occurring source of a terpene mixture is 27 pine oil, which may conveniently be used in the 28 composition.
The polymer substituted by amine or amide groups used 31 in the composition are preferably water-dispersible and 32 may be a polyamine, a polyamide or a polyamidoamine.
33 Conveniently the polymer is water soluble. Mixtures of 34 two or more polyamines, polyamides or polyamidoamines are acceptable. Preferably the polymer is an aliphatic W094/06298 PCT/GB93/019.
2144~17 6 1 or cycloaliphatic polyamine such as isophoronediamine, 2 polyoxypropylenediamine, 3-[(6-aminotrimethylhexyl)-3 amino]proprionitrile, a polyethylene amine, or mixtures 4 thereof.
6 Preferably, the composition of the present invention 7 comprises of from 1% to 99% by weight of terpene, 8 terpene derivative or mixtures thereof and from 99% to 9 1% by weight of polymer. More usually, however, the composition will comprise of from 2% to 75% by weight 11 of terpene, terpene derivative or mixtures thereof and 12 from 75% to 2% by weight of polymer.
14 Advantageously, the terpene, terpene derivative or mixtures thereof (hereinafter referred to as the 16 "terpene component") may be present in a ratio of from 17 1:3 to 3:1 (by weight) relative to the polymer.
19 The composition may be formulated in any convenient form, for example, as a spray, liquid, dispersion, 21 paste, gel or cream.
23 The amount of terpene component and polymer will vary 24 depending on the exact formulation required. Thus, for example, a spray formulation may contain up to 20%, for 26 example 2-15%, preferably 4-10% by weight of terpene 27 component and up to 10%, for example up to 5%, such as 28 1 to 2% by weight of polymer.
In a cream, gel or paste composition there may be a 31 higher proportion of terpene component, for example, 10 32 to 99%, preferably 50 to 95% and more preferably 75 to 33 95% by weight of terpene component. The composition 34 may also contain 2 to 20~, preferably 5 to 15% by weight of polymer.
W O 94/06298 21~ ~ Sl 7 PC~r/GB93/01939 1 The composition according to the invention is of use in 2 repelling insects, aquatic organisms or fungi. Insect 3 repulsion may be desirable, in particular, for people 4 wishing to avoid ir~itation or medical problems caused by insects, and also in applications in animal 6 husbandry where insect presence or action could cause 7 damage to the animals.
9 In another aspect, the present invention provides a method of producing the composition described above, 11 said method comprising admixing a terpene or terpene 12 derivative with a polymer substituted by amine and/or 13 amide groups.
It is possible to impregnate or coat a surface which 16 the composition according to the present invention.
17 Where repulsion of insects is desired then the 18 composition may be applied to articles of clothing such 19 as socks, hats, gloves, jackets, plimsolls etc.
Accessories such as hairbands, wristbands, ankle bands 21 and shoe insoles may also be treated with the 22 composition.
24 Where repulsion of the aquatic organisms or fungi is required, the object to be protected may be simply 26 coated with the composition.
28 The treated objects referred to above also form a 29 further aspect of the invention.
31 Conventional additives may also be included in the 32 composition, for example, binders (eg, resins), 33 viscosity increasing agents, buffers, osmotic 34 regulators, gelling agents, surfactants, dispersants, pigments, colourants, dyes etc. Optionally one or more W094/06298 214 ~ 517 PCT/GB93/019 ~ .
1 conventional insect repellants or insecticides may also 2 be included, although generally only at low 3 concentrations to reduce toxicity. Suitable additives 4 will be well-known to those skilled in the art.
6 one particularly useful embodiment is the blending of 7 the composition with pigments, resins and other 8 materials to make paints or coatings which retain the 9 repellant properties of the composition.
11 Mention may be made of acrylic resins such as epoxy 12 resins, butyl acrylate resin and acrylonitrile resins 13 which are suitable as binders. Other suitable binders 14 include collagen, starches (eg, flour) and alginate .
Bentonite may be used as a thickener. Preferably the 16 binder has a pH of approximately 7 to 9 to be 17 compatible with the amine or amide groups of the 18 polymer. Any surfactant used is preferably a non-ionic 19 surfactant.
21 In another useful embodiment the composition, 22 preferably in the form of a paste, cream or gel is 23 inserted into a pre-formed container which is then 24 sealed or placed onto a membrane which is used in forming a sealed container (the word "container" here 26 refers to any package, packet, sachet, box, carton or 27 bag). The volatile components of the composition 28 diffuse through a permeable layer of the sealed 29 container whilst the binders and other additives are substantially retained within the container. This 31 embodiment allows a composition having a high 32 concentration of the terpene and polymer components to 33 be formulated without risk of any side-effects.
34 Moreover the requirement for diffusion through the permeable layer slows down the rate at which the W094/06298 ~ PCT/GB93/01939 2tq~l 7 1 volatile compounds are released into the surroundings, 2 leading to a long effective life. Polyethene and - 3 cellulose may form barrier layers having the required4 permeability. The exact permeability of the layer may ~ 5 be varied, depending upon the rate of diffusion 6 required.
8 Thus, the present invention also provides a repellant 9 apparatus comprising an admixture of a terpene or terpene derivative and a polymer substituted by amino 11 or amide groups sealed within a container comprising a 12 permeable layer.
14 The present invention further provides a method of repelling insects from a surface, said method 16 comprising applying a composition as defined above to 17 said surface. Likewise, the present invention also 18 provides a method of repelling aquatic organisms or of 19 repelling fungi since a surface so treated with the composition will also have this effect.
22 In another aspect, the invention provides the use of 23 the composition described above in repelling insects, 24 aquatic organisms and/or fungi.
26 In yet another aspect, the invention provides the use 27 of terpenes, terpene derivatives or mixtures thereof in 28 the manufacture of a composition to repel insects, 29 aquatic organisms and/or fungi.
W094/06298 1 PCT/GB93/01g~
`- ?.,~44~ lo 2 The following examples can illustrate applications of 3 the process (all quantities are given by weight, except 4 where otherwise specified):
s 6 1. INSECT REPELLANT
8 Pine Oil 8.80 9 Surfactant 0.88 Polyamidoamine1.76 11 Butyl Acrylate/
12 Acrylonitrile Resin44.56 13 Water 44.00 14 ______ 100. 00 18 When supplied to surfaces in buildings such as 19 door frames, window frames, skirting boards etc, the surfaces become repellant to some crawling 21 insects. When applied to articles of clothing 22 such as hats, gloves, jackets etc, the surfaces 23 become repellant to some flying insects of the 24 mosquito type.
26 2. FUNGI REPELLANT
28 Terpineol 85.00 29 Surfactant 10.00 Polyamidoamine5.00 31 _______ 32 100.00 33 _______ 35 The above mixture can be added to normal emulsion and - 21~q~l7 1 gloss paints in the ratio of approximately 20ml to one 2 litre of paint, and mixed thoroughly. When applied to 3 interior surfaces of buildings the surfaces become 4 repellant to some flngi, moulds and crawling insects.
6 3. AOUATIC ORGANISM REPELLANT
8 Pine Oil 5.71 9 Polyamidoamine 9.52 Epoxide resin 9.40 11 Bentonite 0.45 12 Titanium dioxide 11.31 13 Copper thiocyanate 35.70 14 Water 27.91 _______ 16 100.00 17 _______ 20 When applied to surfaces such as wood, glass fibre 21 laminate etc and allowed to dry and then immersed in 22 sea water, the surface becomes repellant to many animal 23 and plant organisms to a degree efficiency greater than 24 can be expected by similar compositions based on copper 25 thiocyanate with resin in organic solvent.
27 4. INSECT REPELLANT
29 Terpineol 85.00 Wheat flour 10.00 31 Polyamidoamine 5.00 33 _______ 34 100.00 _______ WO 94/06298 ~ S 17 12 PCI`/GB93/019-2 The components are admixed together into a paste.
4 5. INSECT REPELLANT SACHET
6 The paste from Example 4 is inserted into a 7 polyethene film tube which is then sealed at both 8 ends.
6. AOUATIC ORGANISM REPELLANT
12 Example 3 was repeated with 57.12 units (by 13 weight) Cuprous oxide replacing the Copper 14 thiocyanate.
16 7. INSECT REPELLANT
18 Pine Oil 8.80 19 Surfactant 0.88 Polyamine 1.76 21 Butyl Acrylate/
22 Acrylonitrile Resin44.56 23 Water 44.00 24 ______ 100.00 26 ______ W094/06298 2 1 4 ~ 5 17 13 PCT/GB93/01 ! ~
2 8. INSECT REPELLANT
4 Pine Oil 8.80 Surfactant 0.88 6 Polyamide 1.76 7 Butyl Acrylate/
8 Acrylonitrile Resin44.56 g Water 44.00 ______ 11 100. 00 14 9. INSECT REPELLANT
16 Terpineol 85.00 17 Wheat flour 10.00 18 Polyethyleneamine 5.00 _______ 21 100.00
8 The term "terpene derivative" includes substituted 9 terpene compounds, terpene compounds having one or more double and/or triple carbon-carbon bonds, and the nor-11 terpenes (wherein a methyl group is replaced by 12 hydrogen). Substituents of the terpene derivatives 13 mentioned above include alkyl groups, especially lower 14 alkyl groups such as Cl6 alkyl, hydroxy groups, amino groups, thiol groups and halogen atoms, for example 16 chlorine, bromine, fluorine or iodine.
18 As examples of terpene compounds, the following may be 19 mentioned:
22 p-menthane 26 thujane carane A',Y'.ET~DE~ SHEET
W094/06298 21 4 ~ 51 7 PcT/GB93/ol939 1 pinane 6 bornane ~ ~
8 ~ /
9 1,1,2,3-tetramethylcyclohexane 13 As examples of terpene derivatives, the following may 14 be mentioned:
l7 1-p-menthane 21 1,4 (8)-p-menthadiene ~
24 1,2,3,3-tetramethyl-1-cyclohexene 29 4(10)-thujene S-isopropyl-blcyclo[3.l.0]-hex-2-ene 2lA ~ ~1 ~ PCT/GB93/01939 ~D
1 camphene 2-carene~ ~
7 ~ \ ~ C
9 2(10),3-pinadiene 1 \
13 ~-terpinene lG
17 pinene 21 Preferred terpene derivatives are terpene alcohols such 22 as terpineol (C,(,H~70H).
24 A mixture of terpenes and terpene derivatives may also be used in the composition of the present invention.
26 One naturally occurring source of a terpene mixture is 27 pine oil, which may conveniently be used in the 28 composition.
The polymer substituted by amine or amide groups used 31 in the composition are preferably water-dispersible and 32 may be a polyamine, a polyamide or a polyamidoamine.
33 Conveniently the polymer is water soluble. Mixtures of 34 two or more polyamines, polyamides or polyamidoamines are acceptable. Preferably the polymer is an aliphatic W094/06298 PCT/GB93/019.
2144~17 6 1 or cycloaliphatic polyamine such as isophoronediamine, 2 polyoxypropylenediamine, 3-[(6-aminotrimethylhexyl)-3 amino]proprionitrile, a polyethylene amine, or mixtures 4 thereof.
6 Preferably, the composition of the present invention 7 comprises of from 1% to 99% by weight of terpene, 8 terpene derivative or mixtures thereof and from 99% to 9 1% by weight of polymer. More usually, however, the composition will comprise of from 2% to 75% by weight 11 of terpene, terpene derivative or mixtures thereof and 12 from 75% to 2% by weight of polymer.
14 Advantageously, the terpene, terpene derivative or mixtures thereof (hereinafter referred to as the 16 "terpene component") may be present in a ratio of from 17 1:3 to 3:1 (by weight) relative to the polymer.
19 The composition may be formulated in any convenient form, for example, as a spray, liquid, dispersion, 21 paste, gel or cream.
23 The amount of terpene component and polymer will vary 24 depending on the exact formulation required. Thus, for example, a spray formulation may contain up to 20%, for 26 example 2-15%, preferably 4-10% by weight of terpene 27 component and up to 10%, for example up to 5%, such as 28 1 to 2% by weight of polymer.
In a cream, gel or paste composition there may be a 31 higher proportion of terpene component, for example, 10 32 to 99%, preferably 50 to 95% and more preferably 75 to 33 95% by weight of terpene component. The composition 34 may also contain 2 to 20~, preferably 5 to 15% by weight of polymer.
W O 94/06298 21~ ~ Sl 7 PC~r/GB93/01939 1 The composition according to the invention is of use in 2 repelling insects, aquatic organisms or fungi. Insect 3 repulsion may be desirable, in particular, for people 4 wishing to avoid ir~itation or medical problems caused by insects, and also in applications in animal 6 husbandry where insect presence or action could cause 7 damage to the animals.
9 In another aspect, the present invention provides a method of producing the composition described above, 11 said method comprising admixing a terpene or terpene 12 derivative with a polymer substituted by amine and/or 13 amide groups.
It is possible to impregnate or coat a surface which 16 the composition according to the present invention.
17 Where repulsion of insects is desired then the 18 composition may be applied to articles of clothing such 19 as socks, hats, gloves, jackets, plimsolls etc.
Accessories such as hairbands, wristbands, ankle bands 21 and shoe insoles may also be treated with the 22 composition.
24 Where repulsion of the aquatic organisms or fungi is required, the object to be protected may be simply 26 coated with the composition.
28 The treated objects referred to above also form a 29 further aspect of the invention.
31 Conventional additives may also be included in the 32 composition, for example, binders (eg, resins), 33 viscosity increasing agents, buffers, osmotic 34 regulators, gelling agents, surfactants, dispersants, pigments, colourants, dyes etc. Optionally one or more W094/06298 214 ~ 517 PCT/GB93/019 ~ .
1 conventional insect repellants or insecticides may also 2 be included, although generally only at low 3 concentrations to reduce toxicity. Suitable additives 4 will be well-known to those skilled in the art.
6 one particularly useful embodiment is the blending of 7 the composition with pigments, resins and other 8 materials to make paints or coatings which retain the 9 repellant properties of the composition.
11 Mention may be made of acrylic resins such as epoxy 12 resins, butyl acrylate resin and acrylonitrile resins 13 which are suitable as binders. Other suitable binders 14 include collagen, starches (eg, flour) and alginate .
Bentonite may be used as a thickener. Preferably the 16 binder has a pH of approximately 7 to 9 to be 17 compatible with the amine or amide groups of the 18 polymer. Any surfactant used is preferably a non-ionic 19 surfactant.
21 In another useful embodiment the composition, 22 preferably in the form of a paste, cream or gel is 23 inserted into a pre-formed container which is then 24 sealed or placed onto a membrane which is used in forming a sealed container (the word "container" here 26 refers to any package, packet, sachet, box, carton or 27 bag). The volatile components of the composition 28 diffuse through a permeable layer of the sealed 29 container whilst the binders and other additives are substantially retained within the container. This 31 embodiment allows a composition having a high 32 concentration of the terpene and polymer components to 33 be formulated without risk of any side-effects.
34 Moreover the requirement for diffusion through the permeable layer slows down the rate at which the W094/06298 ~ PCT/GB93/01939 2tq~l 7 1 volatile compounds are released into the surroundings, 2 leading to a long effective life. Polyethene and - 3 cellulose may form barrier layers having the required4 permeability. The exact permeability of the layer may ~ 5 be varied, depending upon the rate of diffusion 6 required.
8 Thus, the present invention also provides a repellant 9 apparatus comprising an admixture of a terpene or terpene derivative and a polymer substituted by amino 11 or amide groups sealed within a container comprising a 12 permeable layer.
14 The present invention further provides a method of repelling insects from a surface, said method 16 comprising applying a composition as defined above to 17 said surface. Likewise, the present invention also 18 provides a method of repelling aquatic organisms or of 19 repelling fungi since a surface so treated with the composition will also have this effect.
22 In another aspect, the invention provides the use of 23 the composition described above in repelling insects, 24 aquatic organisms and/or fungi.
26 In yet another aspect, the invention provides the use 27 of terpenes, terpene derivatives or mixtures thereof in 28 the manufacture of a composition to repel insects, 29 aquatic organisms and/or fungi.
W094/06298 1 PCT/GB93/01g~
`- ?.,~44~ lo 2 The following examples can illustrate applications of 3 the process (all quantities are given by weight, except 4 where otherwise specified):
s 6 1. INSECT REPELLANT
8 Pine Oil 8.80 9 Surfactant 0.88 Polyamidoamine1.76 11 Butyl Acrylate/
12 Acrylonitrile Resin44.56 13 Water 44.00 14 ______ 100. 00 18 When supplied to surfaces in buildings such as 19 door frames, window frames, skirting boards etc, the surfaces become repellant to some crawling 21 insects. When applied to articles of clothing 22 such as hats, gloves, jackets etc, the surfaces 23 become repellant to some flying insects of the 24 mosquito type.
26 2. FUNGI REPELLANT
28 Terpineol 85.00 29 Surfactant 10.00 Polyamidoamine5.00 31 _______ 32 100.00 33 _______ 35 The above mixture can be added to normal emulsion and - 21~q~l7 1 gloss paints in the ratio of approximately 20ml to one 2 litre of paint, and mixed thoroughly. When applied to 3 interior surfaces of buildings the surfaces become 4 repellant to some flngi, moulds and crawling insects.
6 3. AOUATIC ORGANISM REPELLANT
8 Pine Oil 5.71 9 Polyamidoamine 9.52 Epoxide resin 9.40 11 Bentonite 0.45 12 Titanium dioxide 11.31 13 Copper thiocyanate 35.70 14 Water 27.91 _______ 16 100.00 17 _______ 20 When applied to surfaces such as wood, glass fibre 21 laminate etc and allowed to dry and then immersed in 22 sea water, the surface becomes repellant to many animal 23 and plant organisms to a degree efficiency greater than 24 can be expected by similar compositions based on copper 25 thiocyanate with resin in organic solvent.
27 4. INSECT REPELLANT
29 Terpineol 85.00 Wheat flour 10.00 31 Polyamidoamine 5.00 33 _______ 34 100.00 _______ WO 94/06298 ~ S 17 12 PCI`/GB93/019-2 The components are admixed together into a paste.
4 5. INSECT REPELLANT SACHET
6 The paste from Example 4 is inserted into a 7 polyethene film tube which is then sealed at both 8 ends.
6. AOUATIC ORGANISM REPELLANT
12 Example 3 was repeated with 57.12 units (by 13 weight) Cuprous oxide replacing the Copper 14 thiocyanate.
16 7. INSECT REPELLANT
18 Pine Oil 8.80 19 Surfactant 0.88 Polyamine 1.76 21 Butyl Acrylate/
22 Acrylonitrile Resin44.56 23 Water 44.00 24 ______ 100.00 26 ______ W094/06298 2 1 4 ~ 5 17 13 PCT/GB93/01 ! ~
2 8. INSECT REPELLANT
4 Pine Oil 8.80 Surfactant 0.88 6 Polyamide 1.76 7 Butyl Acrylate/
8 Acrylonitrile Resin44.56 g Water 44.00 ______ 11 100. 00 14 9. INSECT REPELLANT
16 Terpineol 85.00 17 Wheat flour 10.00 18 Polyethyleneamine 5.00 _______ 21 100.00
Claims (17)
1. A composition comprising a terpene component selected from a terpene, a terpene derivative or a mixture thereof, and a polymer substituted by amine and/or amide groups.
2. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 wherein said terpene component is present in an amount of from 1% to 99% by weight and said polymer is present in an amount of from 99% to 1% by weight.
3. A composition as claimed in either of Claims 1 and 2 wherein said terpene component is present in an amount of from 2 to 75% by weight and said polymer is present in an amount of from 75% to 2% by weight.
4. A composition as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 3 wherein said terpene component is present in a ratio of from 1:3 to 3:1 by weight relative to said polymer.
5. A composition as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 4 wherein said terpene component comprises a terpene alcohol.
6. A composition as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 5 wherein said terpene component comprises pine oil.
7. A composition as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 6 wherein said terpene component comprises terpineol.
8. A composition as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 7 wherein said polymer is a polyamine.
9. A composition as claimed in claim 8 wherein said polyamine is isophoronediamine, polyoxypropylene-diamine, 3-[(6-aminotrimethylhexyl)amino]-propionitrile, a polyethyleneamine, or mixtures thereof.
lo. An apparatus comprising a composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 sealed within a container which comprises a permeable layer.
11. A method of repelling insects from a surface, said method comprising applying a composition as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 9 to said surface.
12. An insect repelling object, characterised in that at least one surface thereof has been treated with a composition as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 9.
13. A method of repelling aquatic organisms from a surface, said method comprising applying a composition as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 9 to said surface.
14. An aquatic organism repelling object, characterised in that at least one surface thereof has been treated with a composition as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 9.
15. A method of repelling fungi from a surface, said method comprising applying a composition as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 9 to said surface.
16. A fungus repelling object, characterised in that at least one surface thereof has been treated with a composition as defined in one of Claims 1 to 9.
17. Use of a composition as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 9 for repelling insects, aquatic organisms and/or fungi.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9219384.6 | 1992-09-12 | ||
| GB9219384A GB9219384D0 (en) | 1992-09-12 | 1992-09-12 | Repellant material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2144517A1 true CA2144517A1 (en) | 1994-03-31 |
Family
ID=10721857
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002144517A Abandoned CA2144517A1 (en) | 1992-09-12 | 1993-09-13 | Repellant material |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0660669A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4979693A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2144517A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB9219384D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994006298A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LV15796A (en) | 2022-06-16 | 2023-12-20 | Jifteco, Sia | Animal repellent |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3681248A (en) * | 1969-06-13 | 1972-08-01 | Nat Patent Dev Corp | Water soluble entrapping of a fragrance |
| US3990381A (en) * | 1971-01-14 | 1976-11-09 | National Patent Development Corporation | Hydrophilic polymer coating for underwater structures |
| US3951622A (en) * | 1974-12-04 | 1976-04-20 | Wilk Immanuel J | Time release perfume method and device |
| US4273833A (en) * | 1975-09-19 | 1981-06-16 | United States Trading International, Inc. | Anti-fouling overcoating composition and use thereof |
| JPS5928523B2 (en) * | 1976-12-17 | 1984-07-13 | 株式会社クラレ | Aquatic harmful sessile organism control agent |
| JPS60105602A (en) * | 1983-03-11 | 1985-06-11 | Dainippon Jiyochiyuugiku Kk | Insecticidal paper |
| JPS6150905A (en) * | 1984-08-20 | 1986-03-13 | Seibu Polymer Kasei Kk | Agent for preventing adhesion of marine life |
| JPH01245058A (en) * | 1988-03-25 | 1989-09-29 | Soken:Kk | Resin composition |
| JPH03244673A (en) * | 1990-02-22 | 1991-10-31 | Showa Electric Wire & Cable Co Ltd | Aquatic-repellent coating material |
-
1992
- 1992-09-12 GB GB9219384A patent/GB9219384D0/en active Pending
-
1993
- 1993-09-13 WO PCT/GB1993/001939 patent/WO1994006298A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-09-13 CA CA002144517A patent/CA2144517A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-09-13 AU AU49796/93A patent/AU4979693A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-09-13 EP EP19930919535 patent/EP0660669A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9219384D0 (en) | 1992-10-28 |
| EP0660669A1 (en) | 1995-07-05 |
| WO1994006298A1 (en) | 1994-03-31 |
| AU4979693A (en) | 1994-04-12 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FZDE | Dead |