CA2056751C - Adhesion promoters - Google Patents
Adhesion promoters Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2056751C CA2056751C CA002056751A CA2056751A CA2056751C CA 2056751 C CA2056751 C CA 2056751C CA 002056751 A CA002056751 A CA 002056751A CA 2056751 A CA2056751 A CA 2056751A CA 2056751 C CA2056751 C CA 2056751C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- radical
- compound
- aryl
- c4alkyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- -1 cycloaliphatic Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical group NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007854 aminals Chemical class 0.000 description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013008 moisture curing Methods 0.000 description 4
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940113165 trimethylolpropane Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001730 Moisture cure polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KJPRLNWUNMBNBZ-QPJJXVBHSA-N (E)-cinnamaldehyde Chemical compound O=C\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 KJPRLNWUNMBNBZ-QPJJXVBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940117916 cinnamic aldehyde Drugs 0.000 description 2
- KJPRLNWUNMBNBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinnamic aldehyde Natural products O=CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KJPRLNWUNMBNBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004872 foam stabilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ZRSNZINYAWTAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxybenzaldehyde Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 ZRSNZINYAWTAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMNDMAQKWSQVOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylphenyl) diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XMNDMAQKWSQVOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVNSAAIWCWTCTJ-ZPQYLTHOSA-N (2s,3s,4r)-2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)pyrrolidine-3,4-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)[C@@H]1NC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O RVNSAAIWCWTCTJ-ZPQYLTHOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical group O=C=NCC1=CC=CC=C1CN=C=O FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobutane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCN=C=O OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RMSGQZDGSZOJMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-2-phenylbenzene Chemical group CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 RMSGQZDGSZOJMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPOONPCIXKUBSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,2-diphenyl-1,3-diazinane Chemical compound CN1CCCNC1(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 OPOONPCIXKUBSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLGUBRCEVJURTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2-[4-(1-methyl-1,3-diazinan-2-yl)phenyl]-1,3-diazinane Chemical compound CN1CCCNC1C1=CC=C(C2N(CCCN2)C)C=C1 VLGUBRCEVJURTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHPIHMWYICMTJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2-pyridin-4-yl-1,3-diazinane Chemical compound CN1CCCNC1C1=CC=NC=C1 LHPIHMWYICMTJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAEPAZUUOCAKQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(furan-2-yl)-1-methyl-1,3-diazinane Chemical compound CN1CCCNC1C1=CC=CO1 AAEPAZUUOCAKQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHCFVCRRNLIOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-J C(CO)(=O)[O-].[Mo+4].C(CO)(=O)[O-].C(CO)(=O)[O-].C(CO)(=O)[O-] Chemical compound C(CO)(=O)[O-].[Mo+4].C(CO)(=O)[O-].C(CO)(=O)[O-].C(CO)(=O)[O-] BHCFVCRRNLIOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1CCCCC1 SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQYJRMFWJJONBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate Chemical compound BrCC(Br)COP(=O)(OCC(Br)CBr)OCC(Br)CBr PQYJRMFWJJONBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXBFLNPZHXDQLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [cyclohexyl(diisocyanato)methyl]cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C(N=C=O)(N=C=O)C1CCCCC1 KXBFLNPZHXDQLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004705 aldimines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940053200 antiepileptics fatty acid derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003056 antler Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004799 bromophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YFNONBGXNFCTMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butoxybenzene Chemical group CCCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 YFNONBGXNFCTMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000068 chlorophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- JQZRVMZHTADUSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L di(octanoyloxy)tin Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O JQZRVMZHTADUSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PNOXNTGLSKTMQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L diacetyloxytin Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Sn]OC(C)=O PNOXNTGLSKTMQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004188 dichlorophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JXCHMDATRWUOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisocyanatomethylbenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC(N=C=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JXCHMDATRWUOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004662 dithiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001207 fluorophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940052308 general anesthetics halogenated hydrocarbons Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002390 heteroarenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NNIPDXPTJYIMKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron tin Chemical compound [Fe].[Sn] NNIPDXPTJYIMKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZKLAOYSENRNKR-LNTINUHCSA-N iron;(z)-4-oxoniumylidenepent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound [Fe].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O LZKLAOYSENRNKR-LNTINUHCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZBKFYXZXZJPWNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isothiocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=S ZBKFYXZXZJPWNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004658 ketimines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940070765 laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003541 multi-stage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QHJABUZHRJTCAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-methylpropane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CNCCCN QHJABUZHRJTCAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004370 n-butenyl group Chemical group [H]\C([H])=C(/[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006501 nitrophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006295 polythiol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BGUWFUQJCDRPTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=NC=C1 BGUWFUQJCDRPTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010107 reaction injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical compound [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HQUQLFOMPYWACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate Chemical compound ClCCOP(=O)(OCCCl)OCCCl HQUQLFOMPYWACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTRSAMFYSUBAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC(Cl)COP(=O)(OCC(C)Cl)OCC(C)Cl GTRSAMFYSUBAGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000006839 xylylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
- C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/544—Silicon-containing compounds containing nitrogen
- C08K5/5455—Silicon-containing compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/28—Non-macromolecular organic substances
- C08L2666/44—Silicon-containing compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Compounds of the general formula I
see Formula I
in which R1 is C2-C3alkylene and R2 is hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by -OH, -CN
or -Si(OR3)3-q(R4)q or is C2-C6alkenyl, in which R3 is C1-C4alkyl or two radicals R3 together are C1-C4alkylene, R4 is C1-C4alkyl or phenyl and q can have values from 0 to 2, furthermore E is a radical of the formula see Formula II
in which R5 and R6, independently of one another, are hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, aryl, ethenyl which is substituted by aryl, heteroaryl or radicals of the formulae IIa or IIb see Formula IIa with the proviso that at least one of the radicals R5 or R6 is aryl, ethenyl which is substituted by aryl, heteroaryl or a radical of the formulae IIa or IIb or E together with R2 is a radical of the formula in which R7 is hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl or -R9-Si(OR3)3-q(R4)q and R3,R4 and q are as defined above, and R9 is C1-C8alkylene, and Y is oxygen or sulfur; furthermore, T is a radical of the formulae -R9,-Si(OR3)3-q(R4)q or
see Formula I
in which R1 is C2-C3alkylene and R2 is hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by -OH, -CN
or -Si(OR3)3-q(R4)q or is C2-C6alkenyl, in which R3 is C1-C4alkyl or two radicals R3 together are C1-C4alkylene, R4 is C1-C4alkyl or phenyl and q can have values from 0 to 2, furthermore E is a radical of the formula see Formula II
in which R5 and R6, independently of one another, are hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, aryl, ethenyl which is substituted by aryl, heteroaryl or radicals of the formulae IIa or IIb see Formula IIa with the proviso that at least one of the radicals R5 or R6 is aryl, ethenyl which is substituted by aryl, heteroaryl or a radical of the formulae IIa or IIb or E together with R2 is a radical of the formula in which R7 is hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl or -R9-Si(OR3)3-q(R4)q and R3,R4 and q are as defined above, and R9 is C1-C8alkylene, and Y is oxygen or sulfur; furthermore, T is a radical of the formulae -R9,-Si(OR3)3-q(R4)q or
Description
~~:'~~'~ i91.
Adhesion promoters The present invention relates to nitrogen-containing silane compounds and polyurethane resins containing these silane compounds as adhesion promoters.
The adhesion of cured polyurethanes to various substrates, such as glass, plastic or metal, is in many industrial applications unsatisfactory, which has led to the use of primers. This makes it possible to obtain a gcu>d bond between the polyurethane and the substrate. This bond is hardly impaired by high moisture, elevated temperatures and high mechanical stress. L:xamplcs of primers which have proven suitable arc aminoalkylalkoxysilanes (cf.
1'lueddemann et al. "Silane Coupling Agents", Plenum Press, NY [1982]).
However, the most effective aminosilane adhesion promoters cannot be used as incorporated adhesion promoters in moisture-curing polyurethanes in unmodified form, since the amine groups react completely with isocyanate groups. Therefore, DE-A 34 14 877 has described ketimines and aldimines of aminoalkylsilanes, which can be added to polyurethane adhesives without impairing their shelf life.
furthermore, US-A 3,787,4;16 and 4,289,869 have described cyclic aminals as hardeners for polyurethane resins. rurl:herrnore, the reaction of cyclic aminals with isocyanates to give adducts which are suitable as hardeners for lo>lyurcthane resins is disclosed in U5-A
4,404,379. 1-Iowever, these :tminals or arninal adducts do not contain silane-containing groups.
A group of compounds has now been found which can be added to 1- or 2-component polyurethane resin acthcsives, scaling compositions, coating compositions and insulating materials, resulting in significantly improved adhesion to glass, metal, coated steel and plastics while at the carne time not impairing or even increasing the curing rate.
The present invention relates to compounds of the general formula I
Adhesion promoters The present invention relates to nitrogen-containing silane compounds and polyurethane resins containing these silane compounds as adhesion promoters.
The adhesion of cured polyurethanes to various substrates, such as glass, plastic or metal, is in many industrial applications unsatisfactory, which has led to the use of primers. This makes it possible to obtain a gcu>d bond between the polyurethane and the substrate. This bond is hardly impaired by high moisture, elevated temperatures and high mechanical stress. L:xamplcs of primers which have proven suitable arc aminoalkylalkoxysilanes (cf.
1'lueddemann et al. "Silane Coupling Agents", Plenum Press, NY [1982]).
However, the most effective aminosilane adhesion promoters cannot be used as incorporated adhesion promoters in moisture-curing polyurethanes in unmodified form, since the amine groups react completely with isocyanate groups. Therefore, DE-A 34 14 877 has described ketimines and aldimines of aminoalkylsilanes, which can be added to polyurethane adhesives without impairing their shelf life.
furthermore, US-A 3,787,4;16 and 4,289,869 have described cyclic aminals as hardeners for polyurethane resins. rurl:herrnore, the reaction of cyclic aminals with isocyanates to give adducts which are suitable as hardeners for lo>lyurcthane resins is disclosed in U5-A
4,404,379. 1-Iowever, these :tminals or arninal adducts do not contain silane-containing groups.
A group of compounds has now been found which can be added to 1- or 2-component polyurethane resin acthcsives, scaling compositions, coating compositions and insulating materials, resulting in significantly improved adhesion to glass, metal, coated steel and plastics while at the carne time not impairing or even increasing the curing rate.
The present invention relates to compounds of the general formula I
E-Ri-N-[(CH2~~ O-jp C-HN T (j) Jm in which R1 is C2-C3alkylene and R2 is hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by -OH, -CN
or -S1(OR3)3~(R4)q Or iS CZ-C6alkenyl, in which R3 is C1-C4alkyl or two radicals R3 together are C1-C4alkylene, R4 is Cl-C4alkyl or phenyl and q can have values from 0 to 2, furthermore E is a radical of the formula RS
-N=C
in which RS and R6, independently of one another, are hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, aryl, et:henyl which is substituted by aryl, heteroaryl or radicals of the formulae IIa or IIb I
'~N\R
~N~ 1 (IIa) I
O ~C ~~, T
O
\ iRl ~ /T
C - N 'N Nr1 (IIb) h with the proviso that at least one of the radicals RS or R6 is aryl, ethenyl which is substituted by aryl, heteroaryl or a radical of the formulae IIa or IIb or E together with Rz is <~ radical of the formula R \ /R6 C
K~ H\
~C~~~'~51.
in which R~ is hydrogen, Ct-C4alkyl or -R9-Si(ORg)3-~(Rn)q and R3, R4, R5, R6 and q are as defined above, and Ry is Ct-C:Balkylene, and Y is oxygen or sulfur; furthermore, T is a radical of the formulae -R~-Si(OR3)3_q(R~)q or Y
-i Nn-c-x-H~~-s~(onz.~> ~rt~
a or, if R~ is a radical of the formula -Ra-Si(OR3)3_~(R4)N and m is greater than or edual to 2, is an m-valent radical Z in which R3, Rn, R9, Y and q are as defined above, X is -S- or -NH- and Z is an organic radical which is derived from a polyiscx;yanate or a polyisothiocyanate having at least 2 NCO or NCS groups, and r is l,Zor3and p is (l or 1 and m can have values of greater than or edual to 1 and n can have values of greater Ihan or cyual t<> 1.
R3, Its, Rg, Rc, and R7 as Ct~~Cytlkyl or RZ as Ct-(.'alkyl wc, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl and tort-butyl and in the case of R2 additionally n-pcntyl or n-hexyl.
'I'hc preferred meaning of R3 and R,t as alkyl is methyl and ethyl, in particular methyl.
Examples of RS and R~ as aryl are phenyl or naphthyl, which can be unsubstituted or substituted by Ct-Cnalkyl, C2-Cnalkenyl, in particular -CI-I=CI-I2, Ct-C4alkoxy, -N02 and halogen, in particular chlorine or bromine. Examples are methylphenyl, ethylphenyl, propylphenyl, isopropylphenyl, butylphenyl, isobutylphenyl and tort-butylphenyl;
mcthoxyphenyl, ethoxyphenyl and butoxyphenyl; nitrophenyl, fluorophenyl, chlorophenyl, i~~~.'~~'~~~, bromophenyl, dichlorophenyl and dibromophenyl and styryl.
RS and R6 as heteraaryl are in particular heteroaromatics having 5 or 6 ring members and one or two N, O or S atoms, which, if desired, can be benzo-fused, such as pyridyl, thienyl, benzothienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl and quinolyl.
R1 as C2-Caalkylene, two radicals R3 together as Ct-C4alkylene and R9 as Ct-CBalkylene are straight-chain or branched alkylene, the straight-chain alkylene being preferred.
Examples are methylene, ethylene, propylene, trimethylene, tetramethylene, 2-methyl-1,3-trimethylene for R3 and Ry and in the case of R~ additionally pentamethylene, 2-methyl-1,4-tetramethylene, 3-propyl-1,3-trimethylene, 1,C-hexarnethylcne, 1,7-heptamcthylenc, 1,$-octamethylcne or 2-ethyl-1,2-hexamethylene, the meaning of Rt being limited to ethylene, propylene and trimethylcne.
Preferably, Ry is Ct-C4alkylene, in particul~u~ trimethylene or ethylene.
R2 as C2-C6alkenyl is straight-chain or branched alkenyl, preferably straight-chain alkenyl containing one or more, but preferably one, double bond, such as ethenyl (vinyl), 2-propenyl (allylj, n-butenyl, 1,3-butadienyl, i-pentenyl, n-pentenyl or n-hexenyl.
R2 as Ct-C6alkyl substituted by OI-I, CN or -Si(OR3)3_~t(Rn)~~ groups can be mono- or polysubstituted, monosubstitution being preferred. 'fhe substitution can be present in any possible position, although the terminal position is preferred.
Preferably, R2 is Ct-Cnalkyl, in particular methyl.
Preferably, the parameter p in formula I has the value 0.
Also preferably, the parameter q has the value 0.
The radical Z is derived from a polyisocyanate or polyisothiocyanate having at least 2 NCO or NCS groups. This NCO or NSC functionality of greater than or equal to 2 of the polyisocyanate or polyisothiocyanate which is possible according to the invention is achieved by converting, for example, polyamines, such as amino-terminal polyether polyols, to polyisocyanates or polyisothi<x;yanates having a functionality of greater than or ~C'~ ~'~5~..
-s-equal to 2 by phosgenation or thiophosgenation. The polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates thus obtainable can either be used directly or first converted with diols, polyols, dithiols, diamines or polyamines to NCO- or NCS-terminal prepolymers.
The polyisocyanates obtainable in the manner described below can also be reacted in this way.
A further possibility to prepare polyisocyanates having an NCO functionality of greater than/equal to 2 consists in oligomerisation of diisocyanates. Thus, for example, diisocyanates, such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, can be converted by partial hydrolysis to products containing biuret groups (for example Desmodur~ N100 from Bayer).
Furthermore, diisocyanatcs, such as hcxamethylenc diisocyanatc, can be partially trimcrised, leading to the formation of higher functional polyisocyanates containing iscx;yanurate rings (for example Desmodur~ N32(>U from Bayer).
Chain-lengthening by reaction of diisocyanates with polyfunctional compounds having acidic hydrogen and a functionality of (,neater than or equal to 2, such as triols, tetrols, pentols, triamines, polyamines or polythiols, also leads to polyisocyanates having an NCO
functionality of greater than/equal to 2. There, the NCO/OI-I ratio is greater than 1, but preferably greater than 3:1, in particular greater than 10:1.
Suitable diisocyanates are not only aromatic but also aliphatic, hcterc>cyclic or monocyclic and polycyclic bifunctional isocyanatc compounds. I?xamples of conthounds of (his type are toluylenc diisocyanate, tliphenylmcthanc cliisocyanatu, nalytttyle;uc;
diisoeyanate, xylylene diisocyanatc, hcxamethylene diisocyanatc, trirncthylhcxamethylcne diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate or dicyclohexylmcthane diisocyanate.
'fhe parameters m and n have, advantageously independently of one another, values from 1 to 4~, preferably 1 to 9, p atrticularly preferably 1 to _5 and very particularly preferably 1, 2 and 3. I'he sum of n + m is advantageously 2 to 50, preferably 2 to 10, in particular 2 to fi.
The radical Z has preferably an average molecular weight M" of less than 10 000, in particular an Mn of less than 4000.
Preference is given to compounds of the formula I in which Y is oxygen.
2C'~ i'i a~.
Preferred compounds have the formula I in which Z is derived from an aliphatic, cyclo-aliphatic, aliphatic/aromatic, aromatic or heter(~cyclic polyisocyanate or polyisothio-cyanate having 2 or more than 2 NCO or NCS groups, it being possible for this radical Z
to contain, if desired, one more ester, ether, urethane, thiourethane, isocyanurate, urea or biuret functions.
Particularly preferred compounds have the formula I in which Z is derived from an aliphatic or mixed aliphatic/aromatic polyisocyanate having > 2 NCO groups, it being possible for this radical Z to contain, if desired, a total of one or two ester, ether, urethane, thiourethane, isocyanurate, urea or biuret functions.
In the compounds of the formula I in which Z has ether oxygen atoms, Z can be a monocthcr or oligcx;ther, for example a group of the formula -(CH[CH3]-CI-IZ-O)y- or -(CI12-CI-Iz-CE12-CI-I2-O)y-, in which y is a number from 1 to 80, preferably from 1 to 20.
In the compounds of the formula I in which the radical Z comprises urethane or thiourethane groups, Z is a derivative which is obtainable by reaction of polyols with compounds containing isoc;yanate or isothiocyanate groups. This is also understood to include radicals which contain not only one or more urethane groups but also one or more thiourethane groups, for example those containing a br7dging member of the formula II II or II II or U-C-IdN-U-N11-C-U-- S-C-HN-D-NI1-C..-S
O O
s -c-E1N-o-NI1-c-c~ , in which D is the radical of the polyol.
)Jxamples of polyols which roan also be used are OII-terminal polyethers or polyesters.
The radical Z in preferred compounds of the formula 1 contains two ester, urethane, isocyanurate, urea or biuret functions, but particularly preferred compounds only one. 'Che ether functions represent a certain excepticm, since, as shown above, they are capable of forming oligoether bridging members. Compounds of this type can therefore contain up to 80, preferably up to 20, ether functions.
Preference is given to compounds of the formula I in which Rt is propylene.
~~e ~~s~.
-7_ Particular preference is given to compounds of the formula I in which at least one of the radicals R5 or R6 is a group of the formulae CH3( ~ ~ / I CvrtI ~ C) ~ N ~ ~ , Or A further preferred embodiment relates to compounds of the formula I in which T is a radical of the formulae -R9-Si(OR3)3_~I(R~)~I or Y
I I
-'/. Nfl-C-X--Rc)-Si(OR3)I-c (RAt , I I n in particular those in which at (cast one radical X is -S-.
Special preference is given to compounds of the formula I in which p and ~ are 0, m is 1 and n is 2, Y is oxygen, X is -S-, Rt and R~ are propylene, R2 and R3 are methyl, RS is phenyl and R~ is hydrogen.
The compounds of the formula I arc prepared by processes known per se, which can be newt simply illustrated by rncans of the following reaction schemes.
I. Amiroep rtion of the aminal_or iminc O /Itp K5 12 Kl-N Ntl ~N-KI-Nfl IiN-Kt-NIIZ h ~" '~ I
K5 Kf' It5 K~~ K6 K2 (n) (Ir) (C) (t)) 'This preparation is carried out, for example, in the manner described in US-A
4,404,379.
Starting materials (A) and (B) are known compounds, some of them being commercially available, or can be prepared in a simple, known manner. Suitable starting materials (A) are in particular 3-methylaminopropylamine and 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyltrirnethoxy-silane. F;xarnples of suitable starting materials (B) aec the carbonyl compounds benraldchycte, 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, benzophenone, cinnamaldehyde, furfural, _g_ p-anisaldehyde or also terephthaldehyde.
Aminals of the formula (E) Rt R2_ N~N'_ R2 (E) can be prepared by reaction of (C) with suitable compounds containing reactive double borrds, for example acrylonitrile, using the process described in EP-A 7U 536.
Aminals (C) and (E) thus prepared can be reacted in a further step with a polyisocyanate L-(NCO)" or a polyisothiocyanate Z-(NCS)", in which n is greater than or equal to 2.
II. Silane portion I'he amino- or mercaptoalkoxysilanes used according to the invention are compounds which arc known per se. Sorne are commercially available, or they can be prepared by methods known per se. Compounds of this type are described in detail, for example, in "Silane Coupling Agents" by E.P. Plueddemann, Plenum Press, New York (1982).
III. Polyisocyanatc I-(NCO) z or_. pol.yisothicx:yanatc I-(NC'.S) _ z 'These isocyanates arc pn;parod by methods known from the literature, such as are described in US-A 3,492,33(); 3,394,164 and 3,Sfi7,763; in DE-A 19 29 034 and 20 04 048; in German patents lU 22 789; 12 22 067; 11 UI 394; lU 27 394 and 12 31 688;
in British patents 994,890; 889,050; 956,474 and 1,072,956 or in Belgian patent 723,640.
'1'lrc polyisothiocyanatcs can be prepared analogously. lnstcad of the diisocyanates, the corresponding diisothiocyanatcs arc used as starting materials. Aliphatic starting materials can be prepared by the methods described in US-A 3,787,472 and aromatic starting materials by the methods described in "Org. Syntheses"; Collective Volume 1, p. 447, John Wiley, New York (1948).
~c;C'~~'751.
_9_ IV. Conversion of thepol iy socyanates obtained by the above process III with the aminals (C) and/or (E~and with the silanes obtained by prcxess II to the compounds of the formula I.
The reaction of the polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates with the other two components can be carried out in succession or simultaneously. In the stepwise reaction, first the aminal compound can be reacted with the polyisocyanate or polyisothiocyanate and then the adduct can be reacted with the alkoxysilane or vice versa. In this reaction, it is also possible to form polyisocyanate or -thiocyanate adducts with different aminal or silane components, it being possible to react the various components alternately with one another, i.e., for example, first adduct formation with a silane, then adduct formation with the aminal and finally adduct formation with the second silane.
The reaction can be carried out in the absence of solvents, although, as a rule, one or all components are diluted with a suitable inert solvent, for example xylene, in order, for example, to adjust the viscosity to the requirements.
The addition reaction itself is advantageously carried out at temperatures of between 15°C
and 200°C, but preferably at temperatures of between 30°C and 140°C.
The course of the reaction can be monitored by infrared spectroscopy or titration.
It is also possible to use catalysts of the type known per se in the addition reactions, for example tertiary amines such us trictlsylaminc, N-mcthylnu~rplutlinc, N,N,N',N'-tetra-methylethylencdiamine or 1,4-dia~abicyclv2.2.2Jc>c~tane. Organometallic compounds, in particular organic tin compounds, can also be used as catalysts.
Examples of organic tin compounds arc tin(1I) salts of carboxylic acids, for example tin(II) acetate, tin(II) octanoate and tin(lI) laurate, or the dialkyltin salts of carboxylic acids, for example dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dilaurate or dicx;tyltin diacetate.
The stoichiometric ratios during the addition reaction of the aminal and silane components with the polyisocyanates or -thiocyanates arc maintained at such a value that the ratio of the NH groups of the aminals and the NI-IZ or SI-I groups of the silanes is approximately equimolar with respect to the NCO or NCS groups of the polyisocyanates or -thiocyanates.
'I'hc adduct can still contain free NCO or NC:S groups. Preferably, however, no free NCO
~c~~ v~s~.
or NCS group is present.
The ratio of aminal or urea imine radicals to silane radicals in the compounds according to the invention of the formula I can be controlled by the stoichiometric ratio of the starting materials during the addition reaction. For this purpose, the aminal or silane compound is reacted with the polyisocyanate or -thiocyanate in separate steps. As a rule, the first step takes place at a ratio of NH or SH groups to NCO or NCS groups of less than I.
The preferred aminal-NH/NCO or NCS ratio is between 1:2 and 1:6, in particular between 1:3 and 1:5. The preferred ratio of silane-NI-IZ/NCO or silane-SII/NCO or NCS
groups is between 2:3 and 1:5, in particular between 2:3 and 1:2.
As a rule, the remaining free NCO or NCS groups are reacted completely in the second step with the aminal-NI-I or silane-NI IZ or -SI-I groups. '1'o this end, the stoichiometric ratio of the groups containing acidic hydrogen to the NCO or NCS groups is greater than or equal to 1, preferably 4:1 to 1:1, in particular 2:1 to 1:1.
However, it is also possible to react only a portion of the remaining free NCO
or NCS
groups in the second step. In this case, the same stoichiometric ratios as in the first addition step apply. Such a procedure is preferably used when two or none different aminal or silane compounds are added.
1'he compounds according to the invention can be used as adhesion promoters in substrates such as polyurethane resins. 'fhcir use is particularly effective in moisture-curing polyurethane resins which are used as adhesives, sealing compositions, corning compositions or insulating materials. If used in adhesives, the compounds according to the invention have properties which enable them to be used in two-component and very prtrticularly in one-component systems. I3y using the compounds according to the invention as adhesion promoters in the substrates mentioned, a pretreatment of the surfaces to be bonded with a primer is made superfluous.
Suitable use examples an; the bonding of windscreens and headlights in automobile construction.
Cornpounds of the formula I in which m is greater than or equal to 2 can furthermore be used its moisture-activated curing agents for the substrates mentioned.
Moreover, compounds of the forrrtula I can be used as primers for the pretreatment of the substrate.
A moisture-curing polyurethane as the substrate contains, as the main component, polyfunetional isocyanates and/or polyurethane prepolymers. Suitable compounds are both ~f'~~~~~.
aromatic as well as aliphatic, monocyclic as well as polycyclic, polyfunctional isocyanate compounds. Thus, according to a first embodiment, the aromatic isocyanate compound used is toluylene diisocyanate or diphenylmethane diisocyanate. Technical grade diphenylmethane diisocyanate containing higher functional diisocyanates and having an isocyanate fnoup funetianality of greater than 2 is particularly suitable. A
further suitable aromatic diisocyanate is xylylene diisocyanate. In addition to these, a large number of aliphatic isocyanates having a functionality of 2 and higher can be used.
Examples of these in the forth of cyclic aliphatic diisocyanates are isophorane diisacyanate and dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate. Further examples are aliphatic, straight-chain diisocyanates, such as are obtained by phosgenation of diamines, for example tetramethylene diisocyanate or hexamethylene diisocyanate.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, polyurethane prepolymers are used instead of ttte lx>lyfunctional isocyanate compounds. I'repolymers are understood in this context to mean adducts of an excess of polyfunctional isocyanates with polyfunctional alcohals, for example the reaction products of one of the abovementioned aromatic or aliphatic diisocyanates with ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, trimethylol-propane or pentaerythritol. Reaction products of diisocyanates with polyether polyols, for example polyether polyols based on polyethylene oxide or based on polypropylene oxide, can also be used as prepolyrners. Preference is given to polyurethane prepolyrners based on palyether polyols having molecular weights of between 200 and 10000, in particular 500 and 3000. A person skilled in polyurethane chemistry is familiar with a large number of polyether polyols of this type; they are offered by many manufacturers and are characterised by their molecular weight (number-average), which can be;
calculated from end group detcrminatiorts. I~urther suitable polyether polyols arc laolycthcr polyols bttscd on polytetrahydrofuran.
Instead of polyether palyols, polyester polyols can also be used. Suitable polyester polyols are reaction products of polyfunctional acids with polyfunetional alcohols, for example polyesters based on aliphatic and/or aromatic dicarboxylic acids and palyfunctional alcohols having a functionality of 2-4. 'Thus, polymers obtained from adipic acid, sebacic acid, phthalic acid, hydrophthalic acid and/or trimellitic acid on the one hand and ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, hexane glycol, glycerol and/or trimethylol-propane on the other hand can be used. In particular polyester polyols having a molecular weight (number-average) of between 500 and 5000, in particular between 600 and 2000, are suitable. Further suitable polyester polyols are the reaction products of caprolactone ~C'~ ~°~5~..
with alcohols having a functionality of 2-4, for example the adduct of I-5 moles of capro-lactone with 1 mole of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol and/or trimethylol-propane.
A further suitable group of polyfunctional alcohols are polybutadienols. These are oligomers based on butadiene and containing OH groups as end groups. Of these, suitable products are those in the molecular weight range 200-4000, in particular 500-3000.
Furthermore, siloxane prepolymers, preferably in combination with other prepolymers, tu~e suitable.
When the polyurethane prcpolymers are prepared, the ratio of the OH groups of the alcohol component to the iscx:yanate groups is important. It is in general between 1:2 and 1:10. A high excess of isocyanate tends to give low-viscosity polyurethane prepolymers, while a small excess of isocyanate gives highly viscous preparations, which in most cases can only be applied by trowclling.
It is known to a person skilled in polyurethane chemistry that the crosslinking density and thus the hardness of the polyurethanes increases with the functionality of the isocyanate component or else of the polyol. Reference may be made here to the general technical literature, for example to the; monograph by Saunders and Frisch "Polyurethanes, Chemistry and Technology", Volume XVI of the series "High Polymers", Interscience Publishers, New York-London, Part I (1 )G2) and Part I1 (1961).
The polyurethane prcparaticans according; to the invention can furihornrorc contain various auxiliaries. Examples of auxiliaries which can be used are; fillers. Suitable fillers titre inorganic compounds which rtre unreactive toWlll'dS lSOCyaIlrltCS, for example chalk or ground chalk, precipitated and/or pyrogenic silicas, zcolites, bentonites, ground minerals and other inorganic fillers known to a person skilled in this technical field, in particular c:hoppcd fibres, and others. For some applications, fillers are preferred which give the preparations thixotropic properties, for cxarnple swellablc plastics, in particular PVC.
Apart from the compounds mentioned, the polyurethane preparations according to the invention can contain further auxiliaries, for example solvents. Suitable solvents are those which themselves do not react with isocyanate groups, for example halogenated hydro-carbons, esters, ketones and aromatic hydrocarbons. Plasticisers, retardants, dyes and anti-ageing agents, such as arc known in polyurethane adhesives and sealing ~C'~~i'a 51.
compositions, can also be incorporated.
For some applications, it is desirable to add foam stabilisers to the polyurethane preparations according to the invention. So-called silicosurfactants can be used as foam stabilisers. These are understood to mean block copolymers which are composed of a polysiloxane block and one or more polyoxyethylene and/or polyoxypropylene blocks.
The polyurethane preparations according to the invention can furthermore contain flame-retardant and plasticising additives. Compounds containing phosphorus and/or halogen atoms, such as tricresyl phosphate, diphenyl cresyl phosphate, tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate and tr-is(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate rue common. In addition, flame retardants can be used, for example chloroparaffins, phosphinic acid halides, ammonium phosphate and halogen- and phosphorus-containing resins. For some applications, plasticiscrs are important as further ac.lditives.
Examples of these which are suitable are esters of phthalic acid or esters of long-chain dicarboxylic acids, for example sebacic or azelaic esters. So-called epoxide plasticisers, for example epoxidized fatty acid derivatives, can also be used.
Further possible additives are basic accelerators. Examples of basic accelerators are tertiary bases, such us bis(N,N'-dimcthylamino)diethyl ether, dimethylaminocyclohexane, N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, N-methylmorpholine and the reaction products of dialkyl-(13-hydroxyethyl)amines with monoisocyanates and esterification products of dialkyl-(13-hydroxyethyl)amines with dicarboxylic acids. A further important accelerator is 1,4-di-aminobicyclo[2.2.2)octune. furthermore, non-basic substances can be used us accelerators. Of these, suitable substances are metal compounds, Cor example iron acetylacetonate and tin(lI) 2,-ethylhexanoate, dibutyltin dilaurate or molybdenum glycolate.
The compounds of the formula 1 are added to the polyurethane resins in amounts of 0.1-2() % by weight, preferably U.5-15 % by weight, in particular 2.5-10 % by weight, relative to the prepolymer.
Furthermore, the compounds of the formula I can also be used as hardeners.
When used as hardeners, the molar ratio of released secondary NH groups to free isocyanate groups in the resin should be 0.5 to 1.5:1, preferably 0.9 to 1.1:1.
~C'c ~'i 5~..
The examples below illustrate the invention.
I. Preparation of the starting materials Example A: 1,4-Bis(1-methylhexahydropyrimidin-2-yl)benzene CHg N ~ ~ HN
CNH ~ N
1 mol of terephthalaldehyde in 500 ml of toluene is initially introduced into a 1 1 sulfonatinl; flask eduipped with stirrer, reflux condenser, thern~ometer and water separator. An cduimolar amount of 3-mcthylaminopropylarnine is then slowly added dropwise under nitrogen, follawed by 0.1 % by weight of toluenesulfonic acid as the catalyst. The mixture is then refluxed for some time, during which the extent of the reaction can be monitored by the amount of water separated. The reaction mixture is then concentrated in a rotary evaporator, and the product is then worked up under a high vacuum.
Yield : 87 Melting point : 135°C
Elemental analysis: calculated: C 70.03 %;1-19.55 %; N 20.42 found: C 69.95 %; 1I 9.74 °/~; N 20.62 ~%~
I?xumPle f3: 1-Methyl-2-plu~nylhexahyclrolyrin~iclinc IIN
N --i t i-FC
The procedure of Example ~. is repeated, using 1 mol of benzaldehyde instead of the terephthalaldehycle.
Yield : 91 Boiling point : 75°C/0.1 mbar Elemental analysis: calculaU;d: C 74.9C %;1-I 9.15 %; N 15.89 found: C 74.94 %; F-i 9.10 %; N 15.99 %
~t:°~~'~r J1.
- Is -Example C: 1-Methyl-2,2-diphenylhexahydropyrimidine HN
N
The procedure of Example A is repeated, using 1 mol of benzophenone instead of the terephthalaldehyde.
Yield : 39 %
Boiling point : 130°C/0.1 mbar I~lemcntal analysis: calculated: C 80.)1 %; H 7.99 %; N 11.10 found: C 81.76 %; I-I 7.68 %; N 8.8s Example D: 1-Methyl-2-pyridin-4-ylhexahydropyrimidine NI ~ HN
N
f 13C
The procedure of Example A is repeated, using 1 mol of 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyclc instead of the terephthalaldehyde.
Yield : 46 Boiling point : 70°C/0.0s mbar Elemental analysis: calculated: C 67.76 %; f I 8.53 %; N 23.71 %
found: C Ci7.69 %; I-I 8.73 %; N 23.$1 Ix,~mlolc_I-: 1-Methyl-2-(2-phcnylcthcnyl)hcxahydropyrimic.linc IIN
~N
'Che procedure of Example A is repeated, tying 1 nu>I of cinnamaldehyde instead of the ~c~ ~ a~s~.
terephthalaldchyde.
Yield : 28 %
Boiling point : 85°C/0.17 mbar Elemental analysis: calculated: C 77.18 °lo; H 8.97 %; N 13.85 %
found: C 73.27 %; I-I 9.80 %; N 17.00 °lo Exam lp a F_ 1-Methyl-2-furan-2-ylhexahydropyrimidine N
O N
The procedure of Examl»c A is repeated, using 1 mol of furfural instead of the tcrcphthalaldchyde.
Yield : 75 Boiling point : 110°C/0.12 mbar Elemental analysis: calculated: C 65.03 %; H 8.49 %; N 16.85 found: C 64.88 %;1-I 8.51 %; N 16.84 %
Examrle G: 1-Methyl-2-(4-methoxyphcnyl)hcxtthydropyrirnidine FIN
CFI3<
N
1 I.~C
The procedure of Example ,A is repeated, using 1 mol of p-anisaldchydc instead of the tcrephthalaldehyde.
Yield : 78 Boiling pc»nt : 97"C/0.04 mbar Elemental analysis: calculated: C 69.87 %; I-I 8.80 %; N 13.58 found: C 69.55 %; F-I 8.81 %; N 13.59 ~~:'~ z'~;~1 1~ _ II. Synthesis of the adhesion~romoters Example 1:
HN NEI S Si(OCfI ) CH3 ~ N N ~/ 3 3 / O O~N~O O
Nfl S ~ Si(OCH3)3 O
and ~ 0 N N~Ct~3NH FIN S Si(OCH
N ' N ~.~/ 3)3 / O O~N~O O
NH S ~ Si(OCHg)3 O
In a lU0 ml sulfonating flask, 20 g (0.1032 mol of -NCO) of partially trimerised hexamethylene diisocyanate having an isocyanate content of 21.6 % (Desmodur~ N
from Bayer AG) are dissolved in 20 g of xylene, and the solution is heated to 80°C.
13.51 g (0.0688 mol) of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilanc arc then addccl dropwise antler nitrogen using a dropping fitnnel, and stirring oC the: mixture is then continued ttt 80°C for 1.5 hours and then at 130°C for 2.5 hours. After cooling to room temperature, 0.03411 mol of the aminal according to Example B is added dropwise at such a rate that the temperature always remains below 30°C. Stirring at room temperature is then continued for another 4 hours, and the free NCO content is then checked by titration.
Viscosity (according to Epprecht): rl = 76 800 mPu~s Average molecular weight (GPC, polystyrene-calibrated):
Mn = 1 680 g/mol MW = 2 64U g/mol Elemental analysis: found: C 56.40 %;1~-I 8.34 %; N 10.26 %
Imine/aminal ratio (%, tI-I NMR analysis [N-CI-I3]): 61/3) Isocyanate group content: < 0.1 ,~C'..'~i ~.3""~5~.
Exam_Ple 2:.
o N N HN ~ S ~, Si(OCFI3)3 ~ ~ O
O"N_ 'O
CFI N N~NFI NF~ S ~ Si(OCH3)3 ~'3 O O
O O
CH3 ~
~N N ~tN NH~ S ~ Si(OCH3)3 O N O
O
N"N
HN ~ S ~ Si(OCH3~
O
and o N N FiN ~ S ~ Si(OCF13)3 ~ O
CFI3 O'~~Pd~O
N \ N/ HN Nfl S Si((X'fl~~f () O
O () N ~ N iN Nf-~ S ~-~' Si((X'.F1~)3 CFt3 O~N~O
I~ ~ O
N' .N
~I'f f IN ~ S ~ Si(OCH3)3 O
The procedure of Example 1 is repeated, using the aminal from Example A
instead of the aminal from Example I3.
Viscosity (accor(iing to Epprecht): rl > 100 000 mE'a~s Average molecular weight (GI'C, polystyrene-calibrated):
~~~..~wJ l JJI.
M" = 1 780 g/mol MW = 4 640 g/mol Elemental analysis: found: C 53.33 %; H 7.93 %; N 7.42 %
Imine/aminal ratio (%, tH NMR analysis [N-CH3)): 69/31 Isocyanate group content: < 0.1 %
Example 3:
/N N ' -HN N N NH_ ' S ~ Si(OCFf3)3 CH ~ ~g O o~N~O O
Nf ~ S ~ Si(oCH3)3 and ~ CF13 O
N~ / HN NFi S Si(OCFIg)3 ~~N N
o O~ N ~O O
NII 'S,~Si((WI3)~
() The procedure of Example 1 is repeated, using the aminal from Example 1:
instead of the aminal from Example B.
Viscosity (according to L;pprecht): ~ = 12 000 cnPa~s Average molecular weight (GYC, polystyrene-calibrated):
M" = 1 480 g/mol M W = 2 320 g/mol Elemental analysis: found: C 61.80 %; II 8.44 %; N 8.62 Imine/aminal ratio (%, ifI NMR analysis [N-CI-I3)): 61/39 Isocyanate group content: < 0.1 ~C'~:a'~~a:.
Exan~e 4_ CH N N ' -HN N N NH_ ' S ~ Si(OCI-I3)3 I~I3 O O
O~ O N O
NF9 ' S ~ Si(OCH3)3 C~) and Cfl3 () N .~ N ~ NI1 N N I IN ~~ S ~ Si(()CFI3)3 O O
O~ O N O
NH~ S ~ Si(OCHg)3 O
The procedure of Example 1 is repeated, using the arninal from Example P
instead of the aminal from Example 13.
Viscosity (according to Epprecht): ~ _ ) f00 mPa~s Average molecular weight (GPC, polystyrene-calibrated):
M~ = 1 C50 g/mol MW = 2 J7() g/mol ilcmental analysis: found: C'. 5t).25 ~%; I l K.27 ~Yo; N 8.5U
Iminc/aminal ratio (~%, tI-I NMIZ analysis [N-CI1,31): 6H/32 lsocyanate group content: <: 0.1 2C'~ 3'75.
Example 5:
CH N N~~ , N~N ~~5~/'~Si(OCH3)3 'I3 / O O i 'N' 'O O
NH S ~ Si(OCHg)g OCHg and n,CHg O
N ~ N"NN N~N HN"S ~ Si(OCH3)3 / OO O~N~O
NH S ~ Si(OCH3)3 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated, using the aminal from Example G
instead of the aminal from Example B.
Viscosity (according to Epprecht): tl = 4 800 mPa~s Average molecular weight (GPC, polystyrene-calibrated):
M" = 2120 g/mol MW = 4 970 g/mol Elemental analysis: found: C 59.60 %; H 7.92 %; N 6.59 %
Imine/aminal ratio (°!o, tI3 NMR analysis [N-CH3]): 68/32 Isocyanate group content: < 0.1 %
~C'~; ~'i ,.'"'~1.
Example 6:
HN NH s si(ocH ) Cfi3 N N ~,~/ 3 3 / I O O~N~O O
~~N J NH~ S ~ Si(OCH3)3 I'O
and cfr3 °
N~~ N/ 'Nff N N fIN~S~Si(()Cil3)3 / ~IOI( I~'O
U N U
~N NH~ S ~ Si((~Hi3)3 () 'I'hc procedure of I?xnmplc I is repeated, using the aminal from Example D
instead of the aminal frvrn Example 13.
Viscosity (according to I:pprccht): rl = 38 400 mPa~s Average molecular weight (GPC:, polystyrene-calibratec.i):
M~ -= I 140 g/mol MW = 1 (f~0 g/mol I?Icmcntal analysis: foun(l: C 55.~>2 ~/°; I I 8.43 %~; N 10.97 Iminc/aminal ratio (%, rfI I\IMIt analysis [N-CI-13j): 57/43 Isvcyanate group content: <: 0.1 r 1~IP
w Example 7:
C\3 N
O
i ~,N HN NH S ~ Si(OCFt3)3 N N
O () O N () NII ' S ~ Si(OCI-13)3 ~O
and N
i H3 O
~N FiN ~ tIN S ~~, Si(OCII3)3 N N
O O
() N O
NEf ' S ~~ Si(OCtI~)3 '~'O
The proce(lurc oC Ex;nnple l is re;pcatc(I, using; the aminal Crom L~xarnplc (' instead oC the aminal fr()m L:xamplc 13.
Viscosity (according to Epprecht): ~ = 1 9fi() mt'a~s Average molecular weight (GI'C, polystyrene-calibrated):
M" = 1 ()80 g/tnol MW = 2 4G() g/mOl L?lenacntal analysis: found: (: C3.9() °/~; f I 8.~1 '%~; N 7.47 Imine/aminal ratio (%, Il I NMR analysis [N-C'.I-I31): 61/39 IsOCyanatc group content: < 0. I
~~~ ~'~5~..
III. Adhesive formulations Example 8: One-component system (moisture-curing) 8A) Synthesis of the prepolymer:
An isocyanate-terminated prepolymer is prepared by adding a mixture of 240 g of dry bishydroxy-terminated polypropylene glycol of molecular weight 2000 (Desmophen~
1900 U from Bayer AG) and 0.3 ml of dibutyltin dilaurate at 80°C to 50 g of methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (Isonate~ M 125 from Upjohn) over a period of 1 hour.
1.0 g of trimethylolpropane is then added to the mixture obtained, which is stirred at 80°C
for another 2 hours until an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer having an isocyanate content of 2.0 % has been formed.
8B) Formulation:
The adhesive formulation has the following composition:
55.1 % by weight of the prepolymer according to Example 8A
20 % by weight of ground lamp black 14.9 % by weight of dioctyl phthalate % by weight of silica acrogel (thixotropic agent) 5 % by weight of the adhesion promoter according to Example 1 8C) Adhesion to various substrates:
The adhesive formulation obtained in 8I3) is poured onto a substrate (ttecordinl; to the table below) such that a 5 tttm thick polyurethane layer is forntcd. After storage in air for 2 weeks, these samples are stored for 2 weeks in water at room temperature. The results are summarised in 'Table 1, in which (--) means that the layer can be peeled off with ease and the substrate surface remains clean; (-) means that the layer can be peeled off with difficulty anal the substrate surface remains clean; (+/-) means that the majority of the layer on the substrate surface can be removed by scratching using a knife; (+) means that the majority of the layer remains attached to the substrate surfacede;spite scratching using a knife; (++) means that the entire; layer remains attached to the substrate surface despite scratching using a knife.
Table 1 Substrate without adhesion promoter with adhesion promoter according to Example 1 Glass - + +
SMC - +
PC -- +_ RIM-P1JR - +
PA -- +-SMC = 5hcct Moulding Ccnnlxmnd 1'C = i'olycarbonatc RIM-I'UR = Reaction Injection Moulding - I'olyurcthanc PA = Polyarnidc Example 9: Two-component system (heat-curing) 9A) Formulation:
The adhesive formulation has the following composition:
100 parts by weight of polyol mainly comprising branched polyether polyols and mineral fillers 20 parts by weight of isocyanatc based on dlphellylllrethillle dllS(1(:yilllate parts by weight of the adhesion promoter according to 1:?xamplc I
9I3) Mechanical properties The tensile shear strengths of vtlrious samples were determined.
'Pest specimens: Substrate thicktress 3.0 mm Width 25.0 mm Overlapping 12.5 mm 'thickness of the adhesive joint 0.2 mm 'the specimens were cured at 80°C over a period of 1 hour. 'the results are summarised in Table 2.
~C''~ ~ ~ a~.
Table 2 without adhesion with adhesion promoter Substrate promoter according to Example PA 2.3 C (40 %) 3.2 C (70 %) PC 3.5 ~1d 5.0 C (50 lo) PP 1.6 Ad 4.5 MB
PA = Polyamidc I'C =- Polycarbcmatc 1'I' = Poly[rropylcnc (flarnc-pretreated) Ad =: Adhesion break C = Cohesion break MF3 = Material break, substrate break The values obtained show that the use of the compounds according to the present invention as adhesion promoters substantially improves the tensile shear strength of these specimens.
or -S1(OR3)3~(R4)q Or iS CZ-C6alkenyl, in which R3 is C1-C4alkyl or two radicals R3 together are C1-C4alkylene, R4 is Cl-C4alkyl or phenyl and q can have values from 0 to 2, furthermore E is a radical of the formula RS
-N=C
in which RS and R6, independently of one another, are hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, aryl, et:henyl which is substituted by aryl, heteroaryl or radicals of the formulae IIa or IIb I
'~N\R
~N~ 1 (IIa) I
O ~C ~~, T
O
\ iRl ~ /T
C - N 'N Nr1 (IIb) h with the proviso that at least one of the radicals RS or R6 is aryl, ethenyl which is substituted by aryl, heteroaryl or a radical of the formulae IIa or IIb or E together with Rz is <~ radical of the formula R \ /R6 C
K~ H\
~C~~~'~51.
in which R~ is hydrogen, Ct-C4alkyl or -R9-Si(ORg)3-~(Rn)q and R3, R4, R5, R6 and q are as defined above, and Ry is Ct-C:Balkylene, and Y is oxygen or sulfur; furthermore, T is a radical of the formulae -R~-Si(OR3)3_q(R~)q or Y
-i Nn-c-x-H~~-s~(onz.~> ~rt~
a or, if R~ is a radical of the formula -Ra-Si(OR3)3_~(R4)N and m is greater than or edual to 2, is an m-valent radical Z in which R3, Rn, R9, Y and q are as defined above, X is -S- or -NH- and Z is an organic radical which is derived from a polyiscx;yanate or a polyisothiocyanate having at least 2 NCO or NCS groups, and r is l,Zor3and p is (l or 1 and m can have values of greater than or edual to 1 and n can have values of greater Ihan or cyual t<> 1.
R3, Its, Rg, Rc, and R7 as Ct~~Cytlkyl or RZ as Ct-(.'alkyl wc, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl and tort-butyl and in the case of R2 additionally n-pcntyl or n-hexyl.
'I'hc preferred meaning of R3 and R,t as alkyl is methyl and ethyl, in particular methyl.
Examples of RS and R~ as aryl are phenyl or naphthyl, which can be unsubstituted or substituted by Ct-Cnalkyl, C2-Cnalkenyl, in particular -CI-I=CI-I2, Ct-C4alkoxy, -N02 and halogen, in particular chlorine or bromine. Examples are methylphenyl, ethylphenyl, propylphenyl, isopropylphenyl, butylphenyl, isobutylphenyl and tort-butylphenyl;
mcthoxyphenyl, ethoxyphenyl and butoxyphenyl; nitrophenyl, fluorophenyl, chlorophenyl, i~~~.'~~'~~~, bromophenyl, dichlorophenyl and dibromophenyl and styryl.
RS and R6 as heteraaryl are in particular heteroaromatics having 5 or 6 ring members and one or two N, O or S atoms, which, if desired, can be benzo-fused, such as pyridyl, thienyl, benzothienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl and quinolyl.
R1 as C2-Caalkylene, two radicals R3 together as Ct-C4alkylene and R9 as Ct-CBalkylene are straight-chain or branched alkylene, the straight-chain alkylene being preferred.
Examples are methylene, ethylene, propylene, trimethylene, tetramethylene, 2-methyl-1,3-trimethylene for R3 and Ry and in the case of R~ additionally pentamethylene, 2-methyl-1,4-tetramethylene, 3-propyl-1,3-trimethylene, 1,C-hexarnethylcne, 1,7-heptamcthylenc, 1,$-octamethylcne or 2-ethyl-1,2-hexamethylene, the meaning of Rt being limited to ethylene, propylene and trimethylcne.
Preferably, Ry is Ct-C4alkylene, in particul~u~ trimethylene or ethylene.
R2 as C2-C6alkenyl is straight-chain or branched alkenyl, preferably straight-chain alkenyl containing one or more, but preferably one, double bond, such as ethenyl (vinyl), 2-propenyl (allylj, n-butenyl, 1,3-butadienyl, i-pentenyl, n-pentenyl or n-hexenyl.
R2 as Ct-C6alkyl substituted by OI-I, CN or -Si(OR3)3_~t(Rn)~~ groups can be mono- or polysubstituted, monosubstitution being preferred. 'fhe substitution can be present in any possible position, although the terminal position is preferred.
Preferably, R2 is Ct-Cnalkyl, in particular methyl.
Preferably, the parameter p in formula I has the value 0.
Also preferably, the parameter q has the value 0.
The radical Z is derived from a polyisocyanate or polyisothiocyanate having at least 2 NCO or NCS groups. This NCO or NSC functionality of greater than or equal to 2 of the polyisocyanate or polyisothiocyanate which is possible according to the invention is achieved by converting, for example, polyamines, such as amino-terminal polyether polyols, to polyisocyanates or polyisothi<x;yanates having a functionality of greater than or ~C'~ ~'~5~..
-s-equal to 2 by phosgenation or thiophosgenation. The polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates thus obtainable can either be used directly or first converted with diols, polyols, dithiols, diamines or polyamines to NCO- or NCS-terminal prepolymers.
The polyisocyanates obtainable in the manner described below can also be reacted in this way.
A further possibility to prepare polyisocyanates having an NCO functionality of greater than/equal to 2 consists in oligomerisation of diisocyanates. Thus, for example, diisocyanates, such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, can be converted by partial hydrolysis to products containing biuret groups (for example Desmodur~ N100 from Bayer).
Furthermore, diisocyanatcs, such as hcxamethylenc diisocyanatc, can be partially trimcrised, leading to the formation of higher functional polyisocyanates containing iscx;yanurate rings (for example Desmodur~ N32(>U from Bayer).
Chain-lengthening by reaction of diisocyanates with polyfunctional compounds having acidic hydrogen and a functionality of (,neater than or equal to 2, such as triols, tetrols, pentols, triamines, polyamines or polythiols, also leads to polyisocyanates having an NCO
functionality of greater than/equal to 2. There, the NCO/OI-I ratio is greater than 1, but preferably greater than 3:1, in particular greater than 10:1.
Suitable diisocyanates are not only aromatic but also aliphatic, hcterc>cyclic or monocyclic and polycyclic bifunctional isocyanatc compounds. I?xamples of conthounds of (his type are toluylenc diisocyanate, tliphenylmcthanc cliisocyanatu, nalytttyle;uc;
diisoeyanate, xylylene diisocyanatc, hcxamethylene diisocyanatc, trirncthylhcxamethylcne diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate or dicyclohexylmcthane diisocyanate.
'fhe parameters m and n have, advantageously independently of one another, values from 1 to 4~, preferably 1 to 9, p atrticularly preferably 1 to _5 and very particularly preferably 1, 2 and 3. I'he sum of n + m is advantageously 2 to 50, preferably 2 to 10, in particular 2 to fi.
The radical Z has preferably an average molecular weight M" of less than 10 000, in particular an Mn of less than 4000.
Preference is given to compounds of the formula I in which Y is oxygen.
2C'~ i'i a~.
Preferred compounds have the formula I in which Z is derived from an aliphatic, cyclo-aliphatic, aliphatic/aromatic, aromatic or heter(~cyclic polyisocyanate or polyisothio-cyanate having 2 or more than 2 NCO or NCS groups, it being possible for this radical Z
to contain, if desired, one more ester, ether, urethane, thiourethane, isocyanurate, urea or biuret functions.
Particularly preferred compounds have the formula I in which Z is derived from an aliphatic or mixed aliphatic/aromatic polyisocyanate having > 2 NCO groups, it being possible for this radical Z to contain, if desired, a total of one or two ester, ether, urethane, thiourethane, isocyanurate, urea or biuret functions.
In the compounds of the formula I in which Z has ether oxygen atoms, Z can be a monocthcr or oligcx;ther, for example a group of the formula -(CH[CH3]-CI-IZ-O)y- or -(CI12-CI-Iz-CE12-CI-I2-O)y-, in which y is a number from 1 to 80, preferably from 1 to 20.
In the compounds of the formula I in which the radical Z comprises urethane or thiourethane groups, Z is a derivative which is obtainable by reaction of polyols with compounds containing isoc;yanate or isothiocyanate groups. This is also understood to include radicals which contain not only one or more urethane groups but also one or more thiourethane groups, for example those containing a br7dging member of the formula II II or II II or U-C-IdN-U-N11-C-U-- S-C-HN-D-NI1-C..-S
O O
s -c-E1N-o-NI1-c-c~ , in which D is the radical of the polyol.
)Jxamples of polyols which roan also be used are OII-terminal polyethers or polyesters.
The radical Z in preferred compounds of the formula 1 contains two ester, urethane, isocyanurate, urea or biuret functions, but particularly preferred compounds only one. 'Che ether functions represent a certain excepticm, since, as shown above, they are capable of forming oligoether bridging members. Compounds of this type can therefore contain up to 80, preferably up to 20, ether functions.
Preference is given to compounds of the formula I in which Rt is propylene.
~~e ~~s~.
-7_ Particular preference is given to compounds of the formula I in which at least one of the radicals R5 or R6 is a group of the formulae CH3( ~ ~ / I CvrtI ~ C) ~ N ~ ~ , Or A further preferred embodiment relates to compounds of the formula I in which T is a radical of the formulae -R9-Si(OR3)3_~I(R~)~I or Y
I I
-'/. Nfl-C-X--Rc)-Si(OR3)I-c (RAt , I I n in particular those in which at (cast one radical X is -S-.
Special preference is given to compounds of the formula I in which p and ~ are 0, m is 1 and n is 2, Y is oxygen, X is -S-, Rt and R~ are propylene, R2 and R3 are methyl, RS is phenyl and R~ is hydrogen.
The compounds of the formula I arc prepared by processes known per se, which can be newt simply illustrated by rncans of the following reaction schemes.
I. Amiroep rtion of the aminal_or iminc O /Itp K5 12 Kl-N Ntl ~N-KI-Nfl IiN-Kt-NIIZ h ~" '~ I
K5 Kf' It5 K~~ K6 K2 (n) (Ir) (C) (t)) 'This preparation is carried out, for example, in the manner described in US-A
4,404,379.
Starting materials (A) and (B) are known compounds, some of them being commercially available, or can be prepared in a simple, known manner. Suitable starting materials (A) are in particular 3-methylaminopropylamine and 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyltrirnethoxy-silane. F;xarnples of suitable starting materials (B) aec the carbonyl compounds benraldchycte, 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, benzophenone, cinnamaldehyde, furfural, _g_ p-anisaldehyde or also terephthaldehyde.
Aminals of the formula (E) Rt R2_ N~N'_ R2 (E) can be prepared by reaction of (C) with suitable compounds containing reactive double borrds, for example acrylonitrile, using the process described in EP-A 7U 536.
Aminals (C) and (E) thus prepared can be reacted in a further step with a polyisocyanate L-(NCO)" or a polyisothiocyanate Z-(NCS)", in which n is greater than or equal to 2.
II. Silane portion I'he amino- or mercaptoalkoxysilanes used according to the invention are compounds which arc known per se. Sorne are commercially available, or they can be prepared by methods known per se. Compounds of this type are described in detail, for example, in "Silane Coupling Agents" by E.P. Plueddemann, Plenum Press, New York (1982).
III. Polyisocyanatc I-(NCO) z or_. pol.yisothicx:yanatc I-(NC'.S) _ z 'These isocyanates arc pn;parod by methods known from the literature, such as are described in US-A 3,492,33(); 3,394,164 and 3,Sfi7,763; in DE-A 19 29 034 and 20 04 048; in German patents lU 22 789; 12 22 067; 11 UI 394; lU 27 394 and 12 31 688;
in British patents 994,890; 889,050; 956,474 and 1,072,956 or in Belgian patent 723,640.
'1'lrc polyisothiocyanatcs can be prepared analogously. lnstcad of the diisocyanates, the corresponding diisothiocyanatcs arc used as starting materials. Aliphatic starting materials can be prepared by the methods described in US-A 3,787,472 and aromatic starting materials by the methods described in "Org. Syntheses"; Collective Volume 1, p. 447, John Wiley, New York (1948).
~c;C'~~'751.
_9_ IV. Conversion of thepol iy socyanates obtained by the above process III with the aminals (C) and/or (E~and with the silanes obtained by prcxess II to the compounds of the formula I.
The reaction of the polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates with the other two components can be carried out in succession or simultaneously. In the stepwise reaction, first the aminal compound can be reacted with the polyisocyanate or polyisothiocyanate and then the adduct can be reacted with the alkoxysilane or vice versa. In this reaction, it is also possible to form polyisocyanate or -thiocyanate adducts with different aminal or silane components, it being possible to react the various components alternately with one another, i.e., for example, first adduct formation with a silane, then adduct formation with the aminal and finally adduct formation with the second silane.
The reaction can be carried out in the absence of solvents, although, as a rule, one or all components are diluted with a suitable inert solvent, for example xylene, in order, for example, to adjust the viscosity to the requirements.
The addition reaction itself is advantageously carried out at temperatures of between 15°C
and 200°C, but preferably at temperatures of between 30°C and 140°C.
The course of the reaction can be monitored by infrared spectroscopy or titration.
It is also possible to use catalysts of the type known per se in the addition reactions, for example tertiary amines such us trictlsylaminc, N-mcthylnu~rplutlinc, N,N,N',N'-tetra-methylethylencdiamine or 1,4-dia~abicyclv2.2.2Jc>c~tane. Organometallic compounds, in particular organic tin compounds, can also be used as catalysts.
Examples of organic tin compounds arc tin(1I) salts of carboxylic acids, for example tin(II) acetate, tin(II) octanoate and tin(lI) laurate, or the dialkyltin salts of carboxylic acids, for example dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dilaurate or dicx;tyltin diacetate.
The stoichiometric ratios during the addition reaction of the aminal and silane components with the polyisocyanates or -thiocyanates arc maintained at such a value that the ratio of the NH groups of the aminals and the NI-IZ or SI-I groups of the silanes is approximately equimolar with respect to the NCO or NCS groups of the polyisocyanates or -thiocyanates.
'I'hc adduct can still contain free NCO or NC:S groups. Preferably, however, no free NCO
~c~~ v~s~.
or NCS group is present.
The ratio of aminal or urea imine radicals to silane radicals in the compounds according to the invention of the formula I can be controlled by the stoichiometric ratio of the starting materials during the addition reaction. For this purpose, the aminal or silane compound is reacted with the polyisocyanate or -thiocyanate in separate steps. As a rule, the first step takes place at a ratio of NH or SH groups to NCO or NCS groups of less than I.
The preferred aminal-NH/NCO or NCS ratio is between 1:2 and 1:6, in particular between 1:3 and 1:5. The preferred ratio of silane-NI-IZ/NCO or silane-SII/NCO or NCS
groups is between 2:3 and 1:5, in particular between 2:3 and 1:2.
As a rule, the remaining free NCO or NCS groups are reacted completely in the second step with the aminal-NI-I or silane-NI IZ or -SI-I groups. '1'o this end, the stoichiometric ratio of the groups containing acidic hydrogen to the NCO or NCS groups is greater than or equal to 1, preferably 4:1 to 1:1, in particular 2:1 to 1:1.
However, it is also possible to react only a portion of the remaining free NCO
or NCS
groups in the second step. In this case, the same stoichiometric ratios as in the first addition step apply. Such a procedure is preferably used when two or none different aminal or silane compounds are added.
1'he compounds according to the invention can be used as adhesion promoters in substrates such as polyurethane resins. 'fhcir use is particularly effective in moisture-curing polyurethane resins which are used as adhesives, sealing compositions, corning compositions or insulating materials. If used in adhesives, the compounds according to the invention have properties which enable them to be used in two-component and very prtrticularly in one-component systems. I3y using the compounds according to the invention as adhesion promoters in the substrates mentioned, a pretreatment of the surfaces to be bonded with a primer is made superfluous.
Suitable use examples an; the bonding of windscreens and headlights in automobile construction.
Cornpounds of the formula I in which m is greater than or equal to 2 can furthermore be used its moisture-activated curing agents for the substrates mentioned.
Moreover, compounds of the forrrtula I can be used as primers for the pretreatment of the substrate.
A moisture-curing polyurethane as the substrate contains, as the main component, polyfunetional isocyanates and/or polyurethane prepolymers. Suitable compounds are both ~f'~~~~~.
aromatic as well as aliphatic, monocyclic as well as polycyclic, polyfunctional isocyanate compounds. Thus, according to a first embodiment, the aromatic isocyanate compound used is toluylene diisocyanate or diphenylmethane diisocyanate. Technical grade diphenylmethane diisocyanate containing higher functional diisocyanates and having an isocyanate fnoup funetianality of greater than 2 is particularly suitable. A
further suitable aromatic diisocyanate is xylylene diisocyanate. In addition to these, a large number of aliphatic isocyanates having a functionality of 2 and higher can be used.
Examples of these in the forth of cyclic aliphatic diisocyanates are isophorane diisacyanate and dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate. Further examples are aliphatic, straight-chain diisocyanates, such as are obtained by phosgenation of diamines, for example tetramethylene diisocyanate or hexamethylene diisocyanate.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, polyurethane prepolymers are used instead of ttte lx>lyfunctional isocyanate compounds. I'repolymers are understood in this context to mean adducts of an excess of polyfunctional isocyanates with polyfunctional alcohals, for example the reaction products of one of the abovementioned aromatic or aliphatic diisocyanates with ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, trimethylol-propane or pentaerythritol. Reaction products of diisocyanates with polyether polyols, for example polyether polyols based on polyethylene oxide or based on polypropylene oxide, can also be used as prepolyrners. Preference is given to polyurethane prepolyrners based on palyether polyols having molecular weights of between 200 and 10000, in particular 500 and 3000. A person skilled in polyurethane chemistry is familiar with a large number of polyether polyols of this type; they are offered by many manufacturers and are characterised by their molecular weight (number-average), which can be;
calculated from end group detcrminatiorts. I~urther suitable polyether polyols arc laolycthcr polyols bttscd on polytetrahydrofuran.
Instead of polyether palyols, polyester polyols can also be used. Suitable polyester polyols are reaction products of polyfunctional acids with polyfunetional alcohols, for example polyesters based on aliphatic and/or aromatic dicarboxylic acids and palyfunctional alcohols having a functionality of 2-4. 'Thus, polymers obtained from adipic acid, sebacic acid, phthalic acid, hydrophthalic acid and/or trimellitic acid on the one hand and ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, hexane glycol, glycerol and/or trimethylol-propane on the other hand can be used. In particular polyester polyols having a molecular weight (number-average) of between 500 and 5000, in particular between 600 and 2000, are suitable. Further suitable polyester polyols are the reaction products of caprolactone ~C'~ ~°~5~..
with alcohols having a functionality of 2-4, for example the adduct of I-5 moles of capro-lactone with 1 mole of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol and/or trimethylol-propane.
A further suitable group of polyfunctional alcohols are polybutadienols. These are oligomers based on butadiene and containing OH groups as end groups. Of these, suitable products are those in the molecular weight range 200-4000, in particular 500-3000.
Furthermore, siloxane prepolymers, preferably in combination with other prepolymers, tu~e suitable.
When the polyurethane prcpolymers are prepared, the ratio of the OH groups of the alcohol component to the iscx:yanate groups is important. It is in general between 1:2 and 1:10. A high excess of isocyanate tends to give low-viscosity polyurethane prepolymers, while a small excess of isocyanate gives highly viscous preparations, which in most cases can only be applied by trowclling.
It is known to a person skilled in polyurethane chemistry that the crosslinking density and thus the hardness of the polyurethanes increases with the functionality of the isocyanate component or else of the polyol. Reference may be made here to the general technical literature, for example to the; monograph by Saunders and Frisch "Polyurethanes, Chemistry and Technology", Volume XVI of the series "High Polymers", Interscience Publishers, New York-London, Part I (1 )G2) and Part I1 (1961).
The polyurethane prcparaticans according; to the invention can furihornrorc contain various auxiliaries. Examples of auxiliaries which can be used are; fillers. Suitable fillers titre inorganic compounds which rtre unreactive toWlll'dS lSOCyaIlrltCS, for example chalk or ground chalk, precipitated and/or pyrogenic silicas, zcolites, bentonites, ground minerals and other inorganic fillers known to a person skilled in this technical field, in particular c:hoppcd fibres, and others. For some applications, fillers are preferred which give the preparations thixotropic properties, for cxarnple swellablc plastics, in particular PVC.
Apart from the compounds mentioned, the polyurethane preparations according to the invention can contain further auxiliaries, for example solvents. Suitable solvents are those which themselves do not react with isocyanate groups, for example halogenated hydro-carbons, esters, ketones and aromatic hydrocarbons. Plasticisers, retardants, dyes and anti-ageing agents, such as arc known in polyurethane adhesives and sealing ~C'~~i'a 51.
compositions, can also be incorporated.
For some applications, it is desirable to add foam stabilisers to the polyurethane preparations according to the invention. So-called silicosurfactants can be used as foam stabilisers. These are understood to mean block copolymers which are composed of a polysiloxane block and one or more polyoxyethylene and/or polyoxypropylene blocks.
The polyurethane preparations according to the invention can furthermore contain flame-retardant and plasticising additives. Compounds containing phosphorus and/or halogen atoms, such as tricresyl phosphate, diphenyl cresyl phosphate, tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(2-chloropropyl) phosphate and tr-is(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate rue common. In addition, flame retardants can be used, for example chloroparaffins, phosphinic acid halides, ammonium phosphate and halogen- and phosphorus-containing resins. For some applications, plasticiscrs are important as further ac.lditives.
Examples of these which are suitable are esters of phthalic acid or esters of long-chain dicarboxylic acids, for example sebacic or azelaic esters. So-called epoxide plasticisers, for example epoxidized fatty acid derivatives, can also be used.
Further possible additives are basic accelerators. Examples of basic accelerators are tertiary bases, such us bis(N,N'-dimcthylamino)diethyl ether, dimethylaminocyclohexane, N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, N-methylmorpholine and the reaction products of dialkyl-(13-hydroxyethyl)amines with monoisocyanates and esterification products of dialkyl-(13-hydroxyethyl)amines with dicarboxylic acids. A further important accelerator is 1,4-di-aminobicyclo[2.2.2)octune. furthermore, non-basic substances can be used us accelerators. Of these, suitable substances are metal compounds, Cor example iron acetylacetonate and tin(lI) 2,-ethylhexanoate, dibutyltin dilaurate or molybdenum glycolate.
The compounds of the formula 1 are added to the polyurethane resins in amounts of 0.1-2() % by weight, preferably U.5-15 % by weight, in particular 2.5-10 % by weight, relative to the prepolymer.
Furthermore, the compounds of the formula I can also be used as hardeners.
When used as hardeners, the molar ratio of released secondary NH groups to free isocyanate groups in the resin should be 0.5 to 1.5:1, preferably 0.9 to 1.1:1.
~C'c ~'i 5~..
The examples below illustrate the invention.
I. Preparation of the starting materials Example A: 1,4-Bis(1-methylhexahydropyrimidin-2-yl)benzene CHg N ~ ~ HN
CNH ~ N
1 mol of terephthalaldehyde in 500 ml of toluene is initially introduced into a 1 1 sulfonatinl; flask eduipped with stirrer, reflux condenser, thern~ometer and water separator. An cduimolar amount of 3-mcthylaminopropylarnine is then slowly added dropwise under nitrogen, follawed by 0.1 % by weight of toluenesulfonic acid as the catalyst. The mixture is then refluxed for some time, during which the extent of the reaction can be monitored by the amount of water separated. The reaction mixture is then concentrated in a rotary evaporator, and the product is then worked up under a high vacuum.
Yield : 87 Melting point : 135°C
Elemental analysis: calculated: C 70.03 %;1-19.55 %; N 20.42 found: C 69.95 %; 1I 9.74 °/~; N 20.62 ~%~
I?xumPle f3: 1-Methyl-2-plu~nylhexahyclrolyrin~iclinc IIN
N --i t i-FC
The procedure of Example ~. is repeated, using 1 mol of benzaldehyde instead of the terephthalaldehycle.
Yield : 91 Boiling point : 75°C/0.1 mbar Elemental analysis: calculaU;d: C 74.9C %;1-I 9.15 %; N 15.89 found: C 74.94 %; F-i 9.10 %; N 15.99 %
~t:°~~'~r J1.
- Is -Example C: 1-Methyl-2,2-diphenylhexahydropyrimidine HN
N
The procedure of Example A is repeated, using 1 mol of benzophenone instead of the terephthalaldehyde.
Yield : 39 %
Boiling point : 130°C/0.1 mbar I~lemcntal analysis: calculated: C 80.)1 %; H 7.99 %; N 11.10 found: C 81.76 %; I-I 7.68 %; N 8.8s Example D: 1-Methyl-2-pyridin-4-ylhexahydropyrimidine NI ~ HN
N
f 13C
The procedure of Example A is repeated, using 1 mol of 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyclc instead of the terephthalaldehyde.
Yield : 46 Boiling point : 70°C/0.0s mbar Elemental analysis: calculated: C 67.76 %; f I 8.53 %; N 23.71 %
found: C Ci7.69 %; I-I 8.73 %; N 23.$1 Ix,~mlolc_I-: 1-Methyl-2-(2-phcnylcthcnyl)hcxahydropyrimic.linc IIN
~N
'Che procedure of Example A is repeated, tying 1 nu>I of cinnamaldehyde instead of the ~c~ ~ a~s~.
terephthalaldchyde.
Yield : 28 %
Boiling point : 85°C/0.17 mbar Elemental analysis: calculated: C 77.18 °lo; H 8.97 %; N 13.85 %
found: C 73.27 %; I-I 9.80 %; N 17.00 °lo Exam lp a F_ 1-Methyl-2-furan-2-ylhexahydropyrimidine N
O N
The procedure of Examl»c A is repeated, using 1 mol of furfural instead of the tcrcphthalaldchyde.
Yield : 75 Boiling point : 110°C/0.12 mbar Elemental analysis: calculated: C 65.03 %; H 8.49 %; N 16.85 found: C 64.88 %;1-I 8.51 %; N 16.84 %
Examrle G: 1-Methyl-2-(4-methoxyphcnyl)hcxtthydropyrirnidine FIN
CFI3<
N
1 I.~C
The procedure of Example ,A is repeated, using 1 mol of p-anisaldchydc instead of the tcrephthalaldehyde.
Yield : 78 Boiling pc»nt : 97"C/0.04 mbar Elemental analysis: calculated: C 69.87 %; I-I 8.80 %; N 13.58 found: C 69.55 %; F-I 8.81 %; N 13.59 ~~:'~ z'~;~1 1~ _ II. Synthesis of the adhesion~romoters Example 1:
HN NEI S Si(OCfI ) CH3 ~ N N ~/ 3 3 / O O~N~O O
Nfl S ~ Si(OCH3)3 O
and ~ 0 N N~Ct~3NH FIN S Si(OCH
N ' N ~.~/ 3)3 / O O~N~O O
NH S ~ Si(OCHg)3 O
In a lU0 ml sulfonating flask, 20 g (0.1032 mol of -NCO) of partially trimerised hexamethylene diisocyanate having an isocyanate content of 21.6 % (Desmodur~ N
from Bayer AG) are dissolved in 20 g of xylene, and the solution is heated to 80°C.
13.51 g (0.0688 mol) of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilanc arc then addccl dropwise antler nitrogen using a dropping fitnnel, and stirring oC the: mixture is then continued ttt 80°C for 1.5 hours and then at 130°C for 2.5 hours. After cooling to room temperature, 0.03411 mol of the aminal according to Example B is added dropwise at such a rate that the temperature always remains below 30°C. Stirring at room temperature is then continued for another 4 hours, and the free NCO content is then checked by titration.
Viscosity (according to Epprecht): rl = 76 800 mPu~s Average molecular weight (GPC, polystyrene-calibrated):
Mn = 1 680 g/mol MW = 2 64U g/mol Elemental analysis: found: C 56.40 %;1~-I 8.34 %; N 10.26 %
Imine/aminal ratio (%, tI-I NMR analysis [N-CI-I3]): 61/3) Isocyanate group content: < 0.1 ,~C'..'~i ~.3""~5~.
Exam_Ple 2:.
o N N HN ~ S ~, Si(OCFI3)3 ~ ~ O
O"N_ 'O
CFI N N~NFI NF~ S ~ Si(OCH3)3 ~'3 O O
O O
CH3 ~
~N N ~tN NH~ S ~ Si(OCH3)3 O N O
O
N"N
HN ~ S ~ Si(OCH3~
O
and o N N FiN ~ S ~ Si(OCF13)3 ~ O
CFI3 O'~~Pd~O
N \ N/ HN Nfl S Si((X'fl~~f () O
O () N ~ N iN Nf-~ S ~-~' Si((X'.F1~)3 CFt3 O~N~O
I~ ~ O
N' .N
~I'f f IN ~ S ~ Si(OCH3)3 O
The procedure of Example 1 is repeated, using the aminal from Example A
instead of the aminal from Example I3.
Viscosity (accor(iing to Epprecht): rl > 100 000 mE'a~s Average molecular weight (GI'C, polystyrene-calibrated):
~~~..~wJ l JJI.
M" = 1 780 g/mol MW = 4 640 g/mol Elemental analysis: found: C 53.33 %; H 7.93 %; N 7.42 %
Imine/aminal ratio (%, tH NMR analysis [N-CH3)): 69/31 Isocyanate group content: < 0.1 %
Example 3:
/N N ' -HN N N NH_ ' S ~ Si(OCFf3)3 CH ~ ~g O o~N~O O
Nf ~ S ~ Si(oCH3)3 and ~ CF13 O
N~ / HN NFi S Si(OCFIg)3 ~~N N
o O~ N ~O O
NII 'S,~Si((WI3)~
() The procedure of Example 1 is repeated, using the aminal from Example 1:
instead of the aminal from Example B.
Viscosity (according to L;pprecht): ~ = 12 000 cnPa~s Average molecular weight (GYC, polystyrene-calibrated):
M" = 1 480 g/mol M W = 2 320 g/mol Elemental analysis: found: C 61.80 %; II 8.44 %; N 8.62 Imine/aminal ratio (%, ifI NMR analysis [N-CI-I3)): 61/39 Isocyanate group content: < 0.1 ~C'~:a'~~a:.
Exan~e 4_ CH N N ' -HN N N NH_ ' S ~ Si(OCI-I3)3 I~I3 O O
O~ O N O
NF9 ' S ~ Si(OCH3)3 C~) and Cfl3 () N .~ N ~ NI1 N N I IN ~~ S ~ Si(()CFI3)3 O O
O~ O N O
NH~ S ~ Si(OCHg)3 O
The procedure of Example 1 is repeated, using the arninal from Example P
instead of the aminal from Example 13.
Viscosity (according to Epprecht): ~ _ ) f00 mPa~s Average molecular weight (GPC, polystyrene-calibrated):
M~ = 1 C50 g/mol MW = 2 J7() g/mol ilcmental analysis: found: C'. 5t).25 ~%; I l K.27 ~Yo; N 8.5U
Iminc/aminal ratio (~%, tI-I NMIZ analysis [N-CI1,31): 6H/32 lsocyanate group content: <: 0.1 2C'~ 3'75.
Example 5:
CH N N~~ , N~N ~~5~/'~Si(OCH3)3 'I3 / O O i 'N' 'O O
NH S ~ Si(OCHg)g OCHg and n,CHg O
N ~ N"NN N~N HN"S ~ Si(OCH3)3 / OO O~N~O
NH S ~ Si(OCH3)3 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated, using the aminal from Example G
instead of the aminal from Example B.
Viscosity (according to Epprecht): tl = 4 800 mPa~s Average molecular weight (GPC, polystyrene-calibrated):
M" = 2120 g/mol MW = 4 970 g/mol Elemental analysis: found: C 59.60 %; H 7.92 %; N 6.59 %
Imine/aminal ratio (°!o, tI3 NMR analysis [N-CH3]): 68/32 Isocyanate group content: < 0.1 %
~C'~; ~'i ,.'"'~1.
Example 6:
HN NH s si(ocH ) Cfi3 N N ~,~/ 3 3 / I O O~N~O O
~~N J NH~ S ~ Si(OCH3)3 I'O
and cfr3 °
N~~ N/ 'Nff N N fIN~S~Si(()Cil3)3 / ~IOI( I~'O
U N U
~N NH~ S ~ Si((~Hi3)3 () 'I'hc procedure of I?xnmplc I is repeated, using the aminal from Example D
instead of the aminal frvrn Example 13.
Viscosity (according to I:pprccht): rl = 38 400 mPa~s Average molecular weight (GPC:, polystyrene-calibratec.i):
M~ -= I 140 g/mol MW = 1 (f~0 g/mol I?Icmcntal analysis: foun(l: C 55.~>2 ~/°; I I 8.43 %~; N 10.97 Iminc/aminal ratio (%, rfI I\IMIt analysis [N-CI-13j): 57/43 Isvcyanate group content: <: 0.1 r 1~IP
w Example 7:
C\3 N
O
i ~,N HN NH S ~ Si(OCFt3)3 N N
O () O N () NII ' S ~ Si(OCI-13)3 ~O
and N
i H3 O
~N FiN ~ tIN S ~~, Si(OCII3)3 N N
O O
() N O
NEf ' S ~~ Si(OCtI~)3 '~'O
The proce(lurc oC Ex;nnple l is re;pcatc(I, using; the aminal Crom L~xarnplc (' instead oC the aminal fr()m L:xamplc 13.
Viscosity (according to Epprecht): ~ = 1 9fi() mt'a~s Average molecular weight (GI'C, polystyrene-calibrated):
M" = 1 ()80 g/tnol MW = 2 4G() g/mOl L?lenacntal analysis: found: (: C3.9() °/~; f I 8.~1 '%~; N 7.47 Imine/aminal ratio (%, Il I NMR analysis [N-C'.I-I31): 61/39 IsOCyanatc group content: < 0. I
~~~ ~'~5~..
III. Adhesive formulations Example 8: One-component system (moisture-curing) 8A) Synthesis of the prepolymer:
An isocyanate-terminated prepolymer is prepared by adding a mixture of 240 g of dry bishydroxy-terminated polypropylene glycol of molecular weight 2000 (Desmophen~
1900 U from Bayer AG) and 0.3 ml of dibutyltin dilaurate at 80°C to 50 g of methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (Isonate~ M 125 from Upjohn) over a period of 1 hour.
1.0 g of trimethylolpropane is then added to the mixture obtained, which is stirred at 80°C
for another 2 hours until an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer having an isocyanate content of 2.0 % has been formed.
8B) Formulation:
The adhesive formulation has the following composition:
55.1 % by weight of the prepolymer according to Example 8A
20 % by weight of ground lamp black 14.9 % by weight of dioctyl phthalate % by weight of silica acrogel (thixotropic agent) 5 % by weight of the adhesion promoter according to Example 1 8C) Adhesion to various substrates:
The adhesive formulation obtained in 8I3) is poured onto a substrate (ttecordinl; to the table below) such that a 5 tttm thick polyurethane layer is forntcd. After storage in air for 2 weeks, these samples are stored for 2 weeks in water at room temperature. The results are summarised in 'Table 1, in which (--) means that the layer can be peeled off with ease and the substrate surface remains clean; (-) means that the layer can be peeled off with difficulty anal the substrate surface remains clean; (+/-) means that the majority of the layer on the substrate surface can be removed by scratching using a knife; (+) means that the majority of the layer remains attached to the substrate surfacede;spite scratching using a knife; (++) means that the entire; layer remains attached to the substrate surface despite scratching using a knife.
Table 1 Substrate without adhesion promoter with adhesion promoter according to Example 1 Glass - + +
SMC - +
PC -- +_ RIM-P1JR - +
PA -- +-SMC = 5hcct Moulding Ccnnlxmnd 1'C = i'olycarbonatc RIM-I'UR = Reaction Injection Moulding - I'olyurcthanc PA = Polyarnidc Example 9: Two-component system (heat-curing) 9A) Formulation:
The adhesive formulation has the following composition:
100 parts by weight of polyol mainly comprising branched polyether polyols and mineral fillers 20 parts by weight of isocyanatc based on dlphellylllrethillle dllS(1(:yilllate parts by weight of the adhesion promoter according to 1:?xamplc I
9I3) Mechanical properties The tensile shear strengths of vtlrious samples were determined.
'Pest specimens: Substrate thicktress 3.0 mm Width 25.0 mm Overlapping 12.5 mm 'thickness of the adhesive joint 0.2 mm 'the specimens were cured at 80°C over a period of 1 hour. 'the results are summarised in Table 2.
~C''~ ~ ~ a~.
Table 2 without adhesion with adhesion promoter Substrate promoter according to Example PA 2.3 C (40 %) 3.2 C (70 %) PC 3.5 ~1d 5.0 C (50 lo) PP 1.6 Ad 4.5 MB
PA = Polyamidc I'C =- Polycarbcmatc 1'I' = Poly[rropylcnc (flarnc-pretreated) Ad =: Adhesion break C = Cohesion break MF3 = Material break, substrate break The values obtained show that the use of the compounds according to the present invention as adhesion promoters substantially improves the tensile shear strength of these specimens.
Claims (17)
1. A compound of the general formula I
in which R1 is C2-C3alkylene and R2 is hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by -OH, -CN
or -Si(OR3)3-q(R4)q or is C2-C6alkenyl, in which R3 is C1-C4alkyl or two radicals R3 together are C1-C4alkylene, R4 is C1-C4alkyl or phenyl and q can have values from 0 to 2, furthermore E is a radical of the formula in which R5 and R6, independently of one another, are hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, aryl, ethenyl which is substituted by aryl, heteroaryl or radicals of the formulae IIa or IIb with the proviso that at least one of the radicals R5 or R6 is aryl, ethenyl which is substituted by aryl, heteroaryl or a radical of the formulae IIa or IIb or E together with R2 is a radical of the formula in which R7 is hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl or -R9-Si(OR3)3-q(R4)q and R3,R4 and q are as defined above, and R9 is C1-C8alkylene, and Y is oxygen or sulfur; furthermore, T is a radical of the formulae -R9-Si(OR)3-q)(R4)q or or, if R7 is a radical of the formula -R9-Si(OR3)3-q(R4)q and m is greater than or equal to 2, is an m-valent radical Z in which R3, R4, R9, Y and q are as defined above, X is -S- or -NH- and Z is an organic radical which is derived from a polyisocyanate or a polyisothiocyanate having at least 2 NCO or NCS groups, and r is 1, 2 or 3 and p is 0 or l and m can have values of greater than or equal to 1 and n can have values of greater than or equal to 1.
in which R1 is C2-C3alkylene and R2 is hydrogen, C1-C6alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by -OH, -CN
or -Si(OR3)3-q(R4)q or is C2-C6alkenyl, in which R3 is C1-C4alkyl or two radicals R3 together are C1-C4alkylene, R4 is C1-C4alkyl or phenyl and q can have values from 0 to 2, furthermore E is a radical of the formula in which R5 and R6, independently of one another, are hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, aryl, ethenyl which is substituted by aryl, heteroaryl or radicals of the formulae IIa or IIb with the proviso that at least one of the radicals R5 or R6 is aryl, ethenyl which is substituted by aryl, heteroaryl or a radical of the formulae IIa or IIb or E together with R2 is a radical of the formula in which R7 is hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl or -R9-Si(OR3)3-q(R4)q and R3,R4 and q are as defined above, and R9 is C1-C8alkylene, and Y is oxygen or sulfur; furthermore, T is a radical of the formulae -R9-Si(OR)3-q)(R4)q or or, if R7 is a radical of the formula -R9-Si(OR3)3-q(R4)q and m is greater than or equal to 2, is an m-valent radical Z in which R3, R4, R9, Y and q are as defined above, X is -S- or -NH- and Z is an organic radical which is derived from a polyisocyanate or a polyisothiocyanate having at least 2 NCO or NCS groups, and r is 1, 2 or 3 and p is 0 or l and m can have values of greater than or equal to 1 and n can have values of greater than or equal to 1.
2. A compound of the formula I according to claim 1, in which Y is oxygen.
3. A compound of the formula I according to claim 1, in which Z is derived from an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aliphatic/aromatic, aromatic or heterocyclic polyisocyanate or polyisothiocyanate in which the number of NCO or NCS groups is greater than or equal to 2, it being possible for the radical Z to contain, if desired, one or more ester, ether, urethane, thiourethane, isocyanurate, urea or biuret functions.
4. A compound of the formula I according to claim 3, in which Z is derived from an aliphatic or mixed aliphatic/aromatic polyisocyanate in which the number of NCO groups is greater than or equal to 2, it being possible for this radical Z to contain, if desired, a total of tine or two ester, ether, urethane, thiourethane, isocyanurate, urea or biuret functions.
5. A compound of the formula I according to claim 1, in which the radical Z
has an average molecular weight Mn of less than 10 000.
has an average molecular weight Mn of less than 10 000.
6. A compound of the formula I according to claim 1, in which m and n, independently of one another, have values from 1 to 49.
7. A compound of the formula I according to claim 1, in which the sum of m + n is 2 to 50.
8. A compound of the formula I according to claim 1, in which n is 1, 2 or 3 and m is 3, 2 or 1.
9. A compound of the formula I according to claim 1, in which R1 is propylene.
10. A compound of the formula I according to claim 1, in which p has the value 0.
11. A compound of the formula I according to claim 1, in which q has the value 0.
12. A compound of the formula I according to claim 1, in which at least tine of the radicals R5 or R6 is a group of the formulae
13. A compound of the formula I according to claim 1, in which T is a radical of the formulae -R9-Si(OR3)3-q(R4)q or in which, X, Y, Z, R3, R4, R9, q and n are as defined in claim 1.
14. A compound of the formula I according to claim 13, in which at least one radical X is -S-.
15. A compound of the formula I according to claim 1, in which p and q are 0, m is 1 and n is 2, Y is oxygen, X is -S-, R1 and R9 are propylene, R2 and R3 are methyl, R5 is phenyl and R6 is hydrogen.
16. A polyurethane resin containing at least one compound of the formula I
according to claim 1.
according to claim 1.
17. A polyurethane resin according to claim 16, containing 0.1 to 20 % by weight of a compound of the formula I.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH3815/90-1 | 1990-12-04 | ||
CH381590 | 1990-12-04 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2056751A1 CA2056751A1 (en) | 1992-06-05 |
CA2056751C true CA2056751C (en) | 2002-06-04 |
Family
ID=4264064
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002056751A Expired - Fee Related CA2056751C (en) | 1990-12-04 | 1991-12-02 | Adhesion promoters |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0489688B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3230060B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2056751C (en) |
DE (1) | DE59107511D1 (en) |
IE (1) | IE71041B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10103027A1 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2002-07-25 | Bayer Ag | Adhesion promoter, e.g. for improving adhesion of silicon-based protective coatings to polymeric substrates, comprising two-component polyurethane binder based on alkoxysilane-modified polyisocyanate |
JP4298750B2 (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2009-07-22 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | Novel silane coupling agent and method for producing the same |
EP3034527B1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2017-05-31 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Cover net systems for encapsulation films comprising bis-(alkenylamide) compounds |
ES2743790T3 (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2020-02-20 | Henkel Ag & Co Kgaa | Promotion of plastic adhesion for 2K polyurethane adhesives |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6131461A (en) * | 1984-07-24 | 1986-02-13 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | Room temperature curing organosiloxane composition |
JPS62249992A (en) * | 1986-04-24 | 1987-10-30 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | Novel silicon urethane (meth)acrylate, resin composition and coating agent using said compound |
DE59004478D1 (en) * | 1989-06-13 | 1994-03-17 | Ciba Geigy | Adhesion promoter. |
-
1991
- 1991-11-27 DE DE59107511T patent/DE59107511D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-11-27 EP EP91810924A patent/EP0489688B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-02 CA CA002056751A patent/CA2056751C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-03 IE IE420091A patent/IE71041B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-03 JP JP34783991A patent/JP3230060B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59107511D1 (en) | 1996-04-11 |
JPH04308596A (en) | 1992-10-30 |
JP3230060B2 (en) | 2001-11-19 |
CA2056751A1 (en) | 1992-06-05 |
EP0489688A1 (en) | 1992-06-10 |
IE71041B1 (en) | 1997-01-15 |
IE914200A1 (en) | 1992-06-17 |
EP0489688B1 (en) | 1996-03-06 |
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